六年级小升初英语考试:阅读理解高分技巧(1)+阅读理解专项练习含答案解析

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六年级小升初英语考试:阅读理解高分技巧(1)+阅读理解专项练习含答案
解析
部编六年级小升初英语考试:阅读理解高分技巧
小升初考试中,阅读理解一直是家长和孩子比较关心的话题。

究其原因,一方面是阅读理解题分值较高,是好的得分点也是孩子容易犯错的扣分点;另一方面,阅读理解的出题面较广,学生在备考时不容易把握出题点和理解做题技巧。

其实,小升初的阅读考试任其形式内容千变万化,也离不开其要考的基本做题技巧和方法。

下面,我就以实际模考例题为例子,对小升初阅读理解的基本方法和技巧做个初步分析。

孩子在考试时,对阅读理解首先要把基本的一下3点步骤和次序牢记心中:
1、在考试中(做阅读时)解题需要三个步骤,分别是:读问题;读原文;挑选项。

2、重要性依次是:读问题→挑选项→读原文。

3、考试时操作的顺序是:先读问题,再读原文,最后挑选项
以下依次讲解每个步骤的操作方法:
一、读问题(做阅读最重要的一个步骤。

如果连问题都读不懂,肯定做不对题)
把问题分为两类:
1、需要记住的问题:凡是问题中涉及到原文具体内容信息的问题,记住问题中的原文信息;重点放在记时间,地点,大写的词或者名词上(原因:名词在文中不容易改变)。

要记的信息,能读懂的尽量读懂,实在读不懂的记长相,记中文就可以。

记信息的目的是为一会儿读原文做准备(读原文时主要的目的在于找出问题中记住的内容信息,对映处即为问题答案所在位置),并且在读文章前先对文章内容有一个大概的了解。

2、不需要记住的问题:问题中没有涉及到原文具体内容的(换句话说就是不能用原文中某一处信息作答的题目)此类的问题有:主旨题(mainidea),中心思想题(From the text,we can learnt hat…),作者态度题(The writer wants to tell us…_)和判断对错题。

针对此类问题,读文章前,重点放在含有原文内容信息的题目上,一会儿做题时也是先做划的题目,再做不划的题目
二、读原文
1、读原文的主要目的:划出解题所需要的内容信息,包括:刚才读问题时脑中记的原文信息(把问题中所问的东西在文中找出来);转折
词:but,however,although,though;重点强调的词或是绝对化的词:
none,only,all,everything,must,always;数字及序数词。

读出整篇文章的大概方向及围绕着什么东西说的。

2、开始读文章
读文章总则:从头到尾读,读时脑中反映中文意思,但是按照英文单词出现顺序接受信息。

读的重点放在文章的段首句,转折句和整篇文章的最后几句。

三、解题
1、先做文中划出对映信息的题目
第一步:关注问题问的是什么?(问什么答什么)
第二步:精确答案所在位置(在读原文时中,我们已经在原文中划出问题中出现的具体内容。

但划的那句话一定就是答案吗?不一定。

50%题目答案出在所划定的那句里,但不是所有的情况都是这样。

因此,文章中划的地方表明答案就在附近,但不一定就是划的那句)。

第三步:根据找到的精确信息为依据,看四个选项哪个和精确信息最像,选哪个。

2、做完所有的划出对映信息的题目后,再做不划的题目
3、选择答案的思路--答案是比出来的
每道题都要把四个选项通过对比得到答案。

答案没有对的,只有更好的。

(抛开对不对的判断思路,是因为不求知道答案之所以对的原因,选一个答案只是因为它比其他的三个更好)
4、考场上的解题思路
(1)做题时一定要客观,不能主观;判断选项时,所有的判断依据都来自原文,千万不要加入自己的想法和判断。

文章说什么就是什么。

(2)除非文章中作者有明显的绝对化的观点出现,否则选项中一旦出现绝对化的修饰词立刻排除(all,none,everything/one,must,only,never,
usually,always)
2.People eat different things in different countries.
In some countries, people eat rice every day. Sometimes they eat it twice or three times a day for breakfast, lunch and supper. Some people do not eat some kinds of meat. Muslims, for example, do not eat pork.
Japanese eat lots of fish. They are near the sea. So it is easy for them to get fish.
In the West, such as England and the USA, the most important food is potatoes. People there can cook potatoes in many different ways.
Some people eat only fruit and vegetables. They do not eat meat or fish or anything else from animals. They eat food only from plants(植物). They say the food from plants is better for us than meat. These people are called vegetarians.
1.In some countries, people eat _____ every day.
A.fish B.vegetables
C.fruit D.rice
2.Why do Japanese eat lots of fish?
A.Because they like fish better than the other food.
B.Because it is easy for them to get fish.
C.Because fish can give them lots of calories.
D.Because there is no other food.
3.What is the most important food in some Western countries?
A.Fish B.Potatoes
C.Vegetables D.Fruit and vegetables
4.The underlined word “ vegetarians” means “ _____” in Chinese.
A.只吃素食的人 B.只吃荤食的人
C.研究素食的人 D.种植蔬菜的人
5.Which of the following is TRUE?
A.People in different countries eat different food.
B.Food from plants is better for us than meat.
C.Muslims are vegetarians.
D.People in some Western countries can cook tomatoes in many ways.
【答案】
1.D
2.B
3.B
4.A
5.A
【解析】
【分析】
试题分析:本篇文章主要讲述了不同的人们在不同的国家吃不同的东西,在一些国家里人们每天吃许多米饭;在日本人们吃许多的鱼;还有一些人们吃许多蔬菜和水果。

1.细节理解题。

根据文中In some countries, people eat rice every day在一些国家里人们每天吃米饭;;可知选D
2.细节理解题。

根据文中Japanese eat lots of fish. They are near the sea可知日本人吃许多的鱼肉,因为他们住在海边, 可知选B
3.细节理解题。

根据文中In the West, such as England and the USA, the most important food is potatoes.可知选B
4.细节理解题。

根据文中These people are called vegetarians句意是这些人们是素食主义者.可知故选A。

5.细节理解题。

通读全文可知本篇文章主要讲述的是不同国家的人们吃不同的食物,故选A
考点:文化类短文阅读。

3.I’ll Show You the Way
Pat Hogan was traveling around the country in his car. One evening he was driving along a road and looking for a small hotel, when he saw an old man at the side of the road. He stopped his car and said to the old man, “I want to go to the Sun Hotel. Do you know it?”
“Yes, ” the old man answered. “I’ll show you the way.”
He got into Pat’s car, and they drove for about twelve miles. When they came to a small house, the old man said, “Stop here. ”
Pat stopped and looked at the house. “But this isn’t a hotel,” he said to the old man.
“No, ” the old man answered, “This is my house. And now I’ll show you the way to the Sun Hotel. Turn around and go back nine miles. Then you’ll see the Sun Hotel on the left.”
1.What was Pat looking for?
A.The Sun Hotel
B.The Moon hotel
C.the Star Hotel
2.Whom did Pat meet?
A.A policeman
B.An old man
C.An old woman
3.Where did the old man take Pat to?
A.The Sun Hotel
B.A supermarket
C.The old man’s house.
4.How far did Pat drive after the old man got into his car?
A.Five miles
B.Twelve miles
C.Three miles
5.How far was the hotel from where Pat saw the old man?
A.Twelve miles
B.Nine miles
C.Three miles
【答案】
1.A
2.B
3.C
4.B
5.C
【解析】
【分析】
短文大意:本文是一篇开心小品,讲述了帕特·霍根问路的故事。

一天晚上,帕特·霍根开车沿着一条路寻找一家小旅馆,遇到了一位老人,说愿意带他去太阳旅馆。

帕特沿着老人的指引,开了大约12英里来到一座小房子前。

老人下了车,告诉他这只是自己的家,转身往回走9英里,然后就会看到在左边的太阳旅馆。

1.题意:帕特在找什么?考查细节理解题。

根据One evening he was driving along a road and looking for a small hotel,,可知在寻找旅馆,故选A。

2.题意:帕特遇见了谁?考查细节理解题。

根据when he saw an old man at the side of the road.,可知他看到路边有一位老人,故选B。

3.题意:老人带帕特去哪里了?考查细节理解题。

根据老人的回答This is my house. And now I’ll show you the way to the Sun Hotel.,可知老人带帕特到了自己的家,故选C。

4.题意:老人上车后帕特开了多远?考查数字理解题。

根据He got into Pat’s car, and they drove for about twelve miles.,可知开了12英里,故选B。

5.题意:那家旅馆离帕特见到老人的地方有多远?考查数字理解题。

根据He got into Pat’s car, and they drove for about twelve miles.和Turn around and go back nine miles.,可知12—9=3,故英里,故选C。

【点睛】
阅读理解是最能体现学生英语能力的题型,分值较高,如何通过解题方法的掌握来提升自己解答阅读理解题的技巧是学生最关心的问题。

初中阅读理解一般考查学生的细节理解能力,主旨理解能力和推理判断能力。

做阅读理解题,首先要准确理解题意,然后根据题意根据短文内容做出正确的答案。

(1)考查细节理解能力,此类型题较简单,准确理解题意后,直接到文中找出答案。

(2)考查猜词能力。

做这种题型时,要根据上下文意思准确猜出词意。

3)考查推理判断能力,此类题型较难,准确理解题意后,在文中找出相关的内容做出合理的推断。

(4)考查主旨理解题。

此类题需通读全文,整体把握,根据文本主要内容选择合适的选项。

1.What's Ann doing now?
A.Talking with her friends. B.Shopping with her mother.
C.Visiting the zoo. D.Listening to music.
2.Bruce ______.
A.wants to buy a shirt B.wants to go to the movies
C.likes animals very much D.wants to have a good rest
3.What's the weather like in Hawaii?
A.Windy. B.Rainy. C.Cloudy. D.Sunny.
4.Where is Tom?
A.In New York. B.In Shanghai. C.In Moscow.
D.In Hawaii.
5.Who is talking with his/her friend on QQ?
A.Ann. B.Yang Lin. C.Bruce. D.Tom.
【答案】
1.B
2.C
3.D
4.D
5.B
【解析】
【分析】
短文介绍了4个不同城市的天气情况以及4个不同的人在各地正在做的一些事情。

1.细节理解题。

根据Ann is shopping with her mother.可知,Ann正在和妈妈一起购物,故答案为B。

2.细节理解题。

根据Bruce is visiting the zoo. He likes animals very much.可知布鲁斯喜欢动物,故答案为C。

3.细节理解题。

根据最后一栏的图片可知答案,夏威夷的天气晴朗,故答
案为D。

4.细节理解题。

根据最后一栏可知Tom在夏威夷,故答案为D。

5.细节理解题。

根据Yang Lin is talking with her friend on QQ.可知答案为B。

5. Diana is reading an email from her pen friend Rebecca.
Dear Diana,
I am very happy every day. Life is great in Shanghai. I usually get up at 6 o'clock.
I have breakfast with my parents at half past six. The school starts at 8:30. There are four lessons in the morning and three in the afternoon. I have lunch at school at twelve. After classes, I often play games or learn to sing English songs with my friends. At five o'clock, I go home on foot. I have a delicious supper with my parents at about six o'clock. I always do my homework in the evening. I often read some good books and listen to the music in the evening, too. I like Justin Bieber very much. His songs are really great. Sometimes I watch TV for a little at weekends. I go to bed at about nine thirty. My family usually go for a picnic in the park at weekends.
This is my day. How is your day in New York? Please tell me soon!
With love,
Rebecca 1.Diana and Rebecca are friends.
2.Diana lives in the U. S.
3.There are 8 lessons every day.
4.Rebecca walks home after school.
5.Rebecca and her family always stay at home on Saturday.
6.Justin Bieber is possibly one of Rebecca's favourite singers.
【答案】
1.T
2.T
3.F
4.T
5.F
6.T
【解析】
【分析】
本篇文章难度适中,主要讲介绍丽贝卡向戴安娜讲述她在上海的生活。

1.细节理解题。

根据Diana is reading an email from her pen friend Rebecca“戴安娜正在读一封来自她的笔友丽贝卡的邮件”可知,戴安娜和丽贝卡是好朋友,故填T。

2.推理判断题。

根据How is your day in New York? Please tell me soon!“你
在纽约的生活怎么样?请马上告诉我”可知,戴安娜居住在美国。

故填T。

3.推理判断题。

根据There are four lessons in the morning and three in the afternoon“早晨有四节课,下午有三节课”可知,每天有7节课而不是8节课,
故填F。

4.细节理解题。

根据At five o'clock, I go home on foot“在五点钟我步行回家”可知,丽贝卡放学后走路回家,故填T。

5.细节理解题。

根据My family usually go for a picnic in the park at
weekends“我的家人在周末经常去公园野餐”可知,丽贝卡和她的家人在周末没有经常待在家里,故填F。

6.细节理解题。

根据I like Justin Bieber very much. His songs are really great“我喜欢贾斯丁比伯,他的歌曲非常棒”可知,贾斯丁比伯可能是丽贝卡最喜欢的歌手之一,故填T。

【点睛】
“正误判断型阅读理解题”解题思路:
(1)阅读原文,捕捉信息。

理解大意。

先通读原文,捕捉文中所提供的信息,抓住文章大意,理清全文脉络。

(2)审读题目,找出相关的依据。

读懂短文内容再读题目,把握每一个待判定句子的含义,通过寻读法在原文中找出每一个问题相关的段落与词句,然后依据短文内容对试题所给出的句子进行是非判断。

(3)重读短文,逐题复核,检查无误。

完成正误判断后必须将短文重复一遍,以加深对短文的理解,在此基础上再对每一道题进行复查,对一些似是而非的句子,一定要重新认真识别。

例如第4题,题干为“放学后,丽贝卡走路回家”可知,定位至At five
o'clock, I go home on foot“在五点钟我步行回家”可知,丽贝卡放学后走路回家,故填T。

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