高中英语完形填空解题技巧和训练

高中英语完形填空解题技巧和训练
一、首句信息
完形填空通常首句不设空，目的是让考生迅速进入主题，熟悉语言环境，建立正确的思维导向。

英语中首句通常是文章的主题句，把握了主旨句对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。

(广东卷)
It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The __1__ is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的) growth by __2__ situation that has designed for the __3__ children.
1. A. principle B. theory C. argument D. classification
2. A. designing B. grouping C. learning D. living
3. A. smart B. curious C. mature D. average
二、注意前后语境，暗示信息
考查考生根据上下文提供的信息进行分析及推理的能力。

考生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，做题时要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。

难选之处通常前后多有暗示。

这种暗示多为后面暗示前面。

（广东卷）“As a matter of fact, I’ve got someone in the office at this very moment who might ___49___.” She wrote down a number, and held it out to me, saying: “Ring up this lady. She wants a cook immediately. In fact, you would have to start tomorrow by cooking a dinner for ten people.”
49. A. hire B. accept C. suit D. offer
三、注意固定搭配，熟记常见句型，
考查考生对常见的英语固定短语和习惯用法的掌握情况。

如动词与名词的搭配；动词与介词或副词的搭配；介词与名词的搭配等。

这类搭配在高考完形填空中时有出现。

I admired the fact that he would talk to students outside the classroom or talk with them ___44___the telephone.
44. A. with B. by C. from D. on
(陕西)The second rich man, seeing the worrying situation, stopped for a short time and gave the villagers all his food and drink, since he could see that money would be of little __34__ to them.
34. A. interest B. concern C. use D. attraction
四、注意词语辨析
考查考生在特定语境中区别近义词的能力。

四个选项词性相同，意义相近，要求在特定的语境中区分它们之间的细微差别。

一般说来，其中的两个选项容易排除，难辨的是两个。

Although I last met this man eight years ago, I have not forgotten his ___37_ qualities. First of all …
37. A. basic B. special C. common D. particular （全国卷）Once he ___42___ sang a song in class in order to make a point clear. 42. A. also B. nearly C. even D. only
五、注意经验常识
考查考生在日常的学习和生活中所积累的经验和基本常识，以及一些基本的科学常识。

如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。

考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己的文化背景和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺利地沿作者的思路阅读。

（北京卷）But we run so much that, afterwards, we had trouble ___45___.
A. speaking
B. moving
C. sleeping
D. breathing
（山东卷）When they discovered that Black Wednesday were going to perform at our local theatre, they all bought __38__ for performance.
38. A. flowers B. drinks C. clothes D. tickets
六、注意文章结构和行文逻辑
考查考生对文章脉络层次的把握能力和对上下文逻辑关系的理解。

如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系、对比关系等。

四个选项都是表示文章的起承转合、上下连贯等逻辑关系的词语。

语篇，一般指比句子长的语言单位。

如句群、段落、篇章等。

语篇与语篇之间，往往有表明其内在联系的词语，这些词语被称为“语篇标志”。

表示结构层次的语篇标志语有：firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally等；
表示逻辑关系的语篇标志语有thus, therefore, so等；
表示改变话题的语篇标志语有by the way等；
表示递进关系的语篇标志语有besides, what's more, further等；
表示时间关系的语篇标志语有before, so far, yet, meanwhile, later等；
表示转折关系的有but, while, on the other hand, although等。

在做完形填空时，如果能充分利用这些语篇标志语，就可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文的关系。

(全国卷)First of all, I respected his devotion to teaching…___43___, I admired the f act that he would talk to students outside the classroom or talk…Finally, I was attracted by his lively sense of humor.
43. A Later B. Secondly C. however D. Therefore
（全国卷）Once he ___42___ sang a song in class in order to make a point clear.
42. A. also B. nearly C. even D. only
七、注意逻辑推理
考查考生根据文意和所掌握的知识经验进行简单的逻辑推理来确定选项的能力。

请看下面全国卷中的一个小题：
He was reading my words out loud to the class…the whole class was laughing with open-hearted enjoyment. I did my best not to show ___53___, but what I was feeling was pure happiness…
53.A.shock B. wonder C. worry D. pleasure
八、注意语法规则
考查考生语法知识的运用能力。

近年来完形填空题中单纯考查语法知识的题一般不考，
只是偶尔有个别考题。

（全国卷）“Can I? I don’t think I can,” Tracy said with a laugh. “But l do have ___46___ when things come to me for no reason.”
46. A. events B. chances C. feelings D. moments
九．原词复现
完形填空试题中，某一词语常常重复出现在语篇之中。

词汇复现的语用意义是使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯，从而构成一个完整和有机的意义整体。

在阅读文章过程中，有时也会发现一些与选项意义紧密相连的同义词或近义词。

因此要学会充分利用这些词提供的有效信息合理地推测判断，选出正确答案。

例：(江苏卷)
…__39__ as high as he could, but even at his tallest __40__ he was unable to touch it. …at the top of each jump stretching his arms to …
39. A. expanding B. stretching C. swinging D. pulling
40. A. strength B. length C. range D. height
十、巧用排除方法，缩小选择范围
解答完形填空题需要考生进行认真的阅读、理解、推理和判断，需要对4个选项进行仔细的辨别、分析，从而去伪存真。

有时我们会遇到这样的情况，对某个题目的正确选项的含义、用法不甚明白，但发现其他选项有显而易见的谬误。

这时，我们可以尝试着用排除法。

所谓排除法就是将干扰项逐项检查、验证，发现错误的选项立即剔除。

随着选择范围的缩小，选中正确选项的几率逐渐增大。

排除法如果运用得好，可以大大节省时间和精力。

（四川卷)Some days later, I was told that a guy who was working with us that day, “could probably have made a fortune __24__ the necklace he found.”
24. A. hiding B. stealing C. selling D. wearing
高考英语完形填空词义辨析题
[例题剖析] 例1
2. Jim passed the driving test , ______ surprised everyone in the office.
A. which
B. that
C. this
D. it
3. The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without _____ his notes.
A. bring up
B. referring to
C. looking for
D. trying on
6. --- Wo w! I’ve burnt myself! --- I _____ a hot pot.
A. touched
B. kept
C. felt
D. held
7. The old tower must be saved, _______ the cost.
A. however
B. whatever
C. whichever
D. wherever
9. The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _______ be very slow.
A. should
B. must
C. will
D. can
10. ---People should stop using their cars and start using public transport. ---_______ .The roads are too crowed as it is.
A. All right
B. Exactly
C. Go ahead
D. Fine
13.My mother always gets a bit ______ if we do n’t arrive when we say we will.
A. anxious
B. ashamed
C. weak
D. patient
16.I am sure David will be able to find the library--- he has a pretty good _____ of direction.
A. idea
B. feeling
C. experience
D. sense
19.I couldn’t ______. The line was busy.
A. go by
B. go around
C. get in
D. get through
20.We’ve been looking at houses but haven’t found _______ we like yet.
A. one
B. ones
C. it
D. them
21.Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment,_______ I will always treasure.
A. that
B. one
C. it
D. what
例2.
22. No one helped me. I did it all ____ myself.
A. for
B. by
C. from
D. to
23. Mary wrote an article on _____ the team had failed to win the game.
A. why
B. what
C. who
D. that
25. We haven’t enough books for ______; some of you will have to share.
A. somebody
B. anybody
C. everybody
D. nobody
26. Tom, you_____ leave all your clothes on the floor like this.
A. wouldn’t
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t
D. may not
27.They wanted to charge $ 5,000 for the car, ____ we managed to bring the price down.
A. but
B. so
C. when
D. since
31.---Oh, dear! I’ve just broken a window. --- ______. It can’t be helped.
A. Never mind
B. All right
C. That’s fine
D. Not at all
选词填空
1. alone / lonely
1).Let him _______.
2).I shall have a companion in the house after all these _______ years.
2. accept / receive
Mary _______ a gift from a friend, but she didn’t seem to ________ it.
3. means / way / method
①Thoughts are expressed by ________ of speech.
②He always speaks in a careless ________.
③He worked out the maths problem with a different ________.
4.other / others / the other / the others / another
①We study Chinese, maths, English and ________ lessons. ②I don’t want this one. Please give me ________.
③She has two children. One is a boy, ________ is a girl.
④Some are singing and dancing, some are drawing, and________ are climbing the hill.
⑤There are fifty-five students in our class. Thirty of us are girls. ____ are boys.
5.instead / instead of
①If you are too busy, you may come another day ________.
②If you have no time, I’ll go ________ you.
6.occur / happen / take place
①An idea suddenly ________ to me.
②The car accident ________ yesterday.
③I ________ to be out when you came here.
④Great changes have ________ in my home town.
7.wish / hope
①I _______it will be fine tomorrow. ②I _______you success.
③I _______it would be fine tomorrow.
④He sent me an e-mail, _______to get further information.
8.include / contain
①The price _______ the postage. ②The parcel _______a dictionary.
9.damage / destroy
①Don’t do anything that _______the relation between the two countries. ②In 1941,the Germans tried to _______the city of St.Petersburg.
10.worth / worthy
①-How much is this old book _______?
-It’s worth $30.
②Is this book _______reading once again?
③This book is _______of being read. 答案：worth; worth; worthy
11.believe / believe in
①I _______what he said.
②They _______God.
12.cost / pay / spend / take
①The furniture ______(me) 6,000 yuan altogether.
②Careless driving may ______you your life.
③I ______ $15 for the dictionary.
④How much (What) do you _______on clothes each year?
⑤It _______(us) a whole day to paint the house.
13.besides / except / but / except for
①Your composition was well written _______a few spelling mistakes.
②She helps to cook and wash _______looking after the baby.
③He has done everything _______what I asked him to do.
④No one knows Mr. Benson’s address _______his daughter.
⑤We go to the night club _______it is raining.
答案：except for; besides; except; except /but; except when
14.raise / rise / lift
①She _______and left.
②He _______his voice to make himself heard clearly. ③The rock is too heavy to _______.
mon / ordinary / general
①Clods are _______in winter.
②His _______supper consists of only bread and milk.
③This book is intended for the _______reader, not for the specialist.
y / lie
①You can _______your coat on the bed.
②These eggs were not _______by hens but by geese.
③By studying we are _______ a foundation for the future.
④He _______in the bed with a bad cold yesterday.
⑤He _______to his father about the amount of money he had spent.
17.one / that / the one
①His attitude to me was _______of a comrade.
②I’m looking for a house and I like _______with a garden.
③I like this book better than _______I read last time.
高考完型填空真题演练（2017--2015）
第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 41 process and found something that has changed my 42 at college for the better: I discovered ASL-American Sign Language(美式手语).
I never felt an urge to 43 any sign language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The 44 languages were enough in all my interactions(交往).Little did I know that I would discover my 45 for ASL.
The 46 began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club 47 their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very 48 of communicating without speaking 49 me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50 .This newness just left me 51 more.
After that, feeling the need to 52 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club`s meetings. I only learned how to 53 the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my 54 progress, I was excited. I then made it a point to 55 those meetings and learn all I could.
The following term, I 56 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 57 . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 58 , if there had been any talking, it would have 59 us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the 60 way of communication it opens.
41. A. searching B. planning C. natural D. formal
42. A. progress B. experience C. major D. opinion
43. A. choose B. read C. learn D. create
44. A. official B. foreign C. body D. spoken
45. A. love B. concern C. goal D. request
46. A. meeting B. trip C. story D. task
47. A. recorded B. performed C. recited D. discussed
48. A. idea B. amount C. dream D. reason
49. A. disturbed B. supported C. embarrassed D. attracted
50. A. end B. past C. course D. distance
51. A. showing B. acting C. saying D. wanting
52. A. exercise B. explore C. express D. explain
53. A. print B. write C. sign D. count
54. A. slow B. steady C. normal D. obvious
55. A. chair B. sponsor C. attend D. organize
56. A. missed B. passed C. gave up D. registered for
57. A. prohibited B. welcomed C. ignored D. repeated
58. A. Lastly B. Thus C. Instead D. However
59.A.required B. caused C. allowed D. expected
60.A.easy B. popular C. quick D. new
A Heroic Driver
Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was __41__ along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on
the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.
The man who had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50 heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle. 51 the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived, 53 she thought the car was going to
54 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move
55 she injured her neck.
Once fire and emergency people arrive, Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go.
One thing is 59 —Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 60 most likely saved the woman’s life.
41. A. walking B. touring C．traveling D．rushing
42. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers
43. A. Since B. Although C. As D. If
44. A. each B. another C. that D. his
45. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam
46. A. used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned
47. A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge of D. controlled
48. A. came down B. came through C. came in D. came over
49. A. returned B. received C. made D. confirmed
50. A. then B. again C. finally D. even
51. A. Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching
52. A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm
53. A. for B. so C. and D. but
54. A. explode B. slip away C. fall apart D. crash
55. A. as if B. unless C. in case D. after
56. A. stepped forward B. backed off C. moved on D. set out
57. A. woman B. police C. man D. driver
58. A. forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free
59. A. for certain B. for consideration C. reported D. checked
60. A. patience B. skills C. efforts D. promise
参考答案
2017—2016 真题
41-45ABCDA 46-50CBADB 51-55 DBCAC 56-60DACBD
41- 45 CDCBA 46-50 BADCA 51-55 DB DA C 56-60 BBDAC。