2020-2021学年大连市第二十高级中学高三英语期中考试试题及答案解析

2020-2021学年大连市第二十高级中学高三英语期中考试试题及答案
解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

The opening ceremony for the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games was held at the Olympic Stadium in Tokyo on July 23, 2021 after a year of waiting due to the pandemic. Let's take a look at the highlights which make this opening ceremony unique.
No spectators
There are no spectators during the opening ceremony in an effort to prevent the spread of the coronavirus infections. About 950 people, including officials and journalists, will watch in the main stadium, organizers said. Fewer athletes are expected to attend the ceremony because many are not allowed to stay for the entire Games due to COVID-19 restrictions.
Male and female flag-bearers
The International Olympic Committee has actively encouraged all delegations toselect two flag-bearers at the opening ceremony, including one woman, as women's participation in the Tokyo Games reaches 48.8 percent, making it the most gender-balanced Olympics in the history of the event.
Oath (宣誓) session updated
One of the most symbolic parts of the opening ceremony—the Olympic oath—has been significantly adapted in order to “highlight the importance of solidarity, inclusion, non-discrimination and equality”. The number of oath-takers is also extended from three to six—two athletes, two coaches and two judges.
Simplified ceremony
In the 30-second video showing the rehearsal of the opening ceremony released to the public, the performances are integrated with dances, scenery and other display elements used in Japanese traditional festival activities.
In order to prevent and control the COVID-19 pandemic and manage the cost, the Tokyo 2020 Organizing Committee said that the performances of the ceremony will be greatly simplified, with more light and shadow technology used instead of real decorations at the scene.
1.Why isn't there any spectator during the opening ceremony?
A.To limit the number of people present.
B.To highlight the spirit of the Olympic Games.
C.To control the spread of an infectious disease.
D.To make room for the athletes all over the world.
2.Why is each delegation encouraged to select one woman as a flag-bearer in Tokyo Olympics?
A.Women will be in a leading position in sports.
B.Women athletes make up a larger percentage than ever.
C.Women will play a more important part in society.
D.More and more women will take part in the Olympic Games.
3.Which of the following statements is True according to the passage?
A.Oath-takers are made up of six athletes.
B.Tokyo uses more real decorations to cut the cost.
C.About 950 people watch the entire games in the Tokyo Games.
D.The opening ceremony presents the traditional culture of Japan.
B
A new study finds almost one third of the world’s population is overweight. Since 1980, obesity rates(肥胖率)in children and adults have doubled in 73 countries, making people more worried. And rates are increasing in many other countries. Obesity is increasing faster in children than adults in many nations, including Algeria, Turkey and Jordan, the report said. But the world's weight problem is growing in both rich and poor countries alike. Researchers say an increasing number of people are dying of related health problems in what they called a "disturbing global public health problem."
Researchers studied health information from 1980 through 2015. They examined obesity rates, average weight gain in 195 countries. They found that obesity rates are three times greater among youth and young adults in countries like China, Brazil and India. Almost 108 million children and more than 600 million adults were found to be overweight. Egypt had the highest number of overweight adults in 2015. Vietnam had the least. In the same year, the United States had the highest number of overweight children, and Bangladesh had the least.
Yet hunger remains a problem in many areas. The United Nations said that almost 800 million people, including 300 million children, go to bed hungry each night. Experts said poor diets and lack of physical activity are mainly to blame for the rising numbers of overweight people.
Growing populations have led to rising obesity rates in poor countries. Often, poor people will eat processed(加工的) foods instead of choosing a diet rich in vegetables.
The London-based Overseas Development Institute studied the price of food in five countries: Britain, Brazil, China, Mexico and South Korea. It found that the cost of processed foods like ice creamand hamburgers has fallen since 1990. But the cost of fresh fruits and vegetables has gone up.
4. What do we know about obesity in the world?
A. It is worrying
B. It is given no attention
C. It has been successfully solved
D. It is more serious among old people
5. Which country has the most overweight children in 2015?
A. America
B. Vietnam
C. Egypt
D. Bangladesh
6. What is one of the reasons why people get overweight?
A. Hunger
B. Poor diet
C. Diets with vegetables
D. Eating too much fruit
7. Which ofthe following can be the best title for the text?
A. It’s Important to Have a Balanced Diet
B. How Can We Lose Weight and Keep Fit?
C. Is It Necessary for Us to Eat Fresh Vegetables?
D. Nearly One Third of People in the World Are Overweight.
C
A crew（全体成员）of six teenage girls completed a nine-day sailing trip in the US recently, after having seasickness and strong winds.
For the past three years, the Sea Cadet teenagers whoset sail were all male. Roger Noakes, who captained（担任队长）the boat, said this was the first time he’d taken out an all-female crew.
The girls asked for an all-girls trip in August this year. The crew set sail along with three adults, Noakes and two Sea Cadet representatives. The original plan was for the girls to sail 24 hours a day in rotating shifts（轮流换班）along the coast and then return. Things turned out differently, however. “The first night was difficult because the wind was really hard. The waves were going up and down,” said Abby Fairchild,16. “Everybody got seasick.”
Noakes gave the girls the choice of just sailing in the bay and not going into open water. “But they decided they were going.”
The teenagers then sailed a long way overnight and slept in shifts. “We’ve learned everything from controlling the boat to putting up the sails while we have rough seas,” said 15-year-old Olivia Wilcox.
The teenagers stopped on land in Massachusetts. They didn’t make it to their original destination（目的地）in Maine, where they were supposed to have a celebratory dinner, due to the weather and winds. They said they weren’t disappointed, however, as they’d learned a lot. “They learned about boating, and above all, they built confidence and character,” said Noakes.
8. What was special about the Sea Cadet trip this year?
A. It was the longest sailing trip ever.
B. It was the first all-female-crew sailing trip.
C. It was the most dangerous sailing trip ever.
D. It was the first sailing trip for teenagers.
9. What happened on the crew’s first day of the trip?
A. They all felt sick on the boat.
B. Some of them were hurt.
C. Their boat was out of control.
D. They went into open water by mistake.
10. Which of the following best describes these young sailors?
A. Strong-minded and having a strong sense of teamwork.
B. Hard-working and having great leadership skills.
C. Understanding and creative.
D. Adventurous and skillful.
11. According to Noakes, what was the sailors’ greatest benefit from the trip?
A. They knew the sea better.
B. They made many friends.
C. They got excellent sailing skills.
D. They developed good personalities.
D
In May this year, as part of our 150th anniversary, we asked readers aged between18 and 25 to enter an
essay competition. The task was to tell us, in no more than 1,000 words, what scientific advance they would most like to see in their lifetimes, and why it mattered to them.
The response was phenomenal: we received 661 entries. Some entrants hoped that science would make their lifetimes much longer than they can currently expect. Many looked forward to work that will end climate change. Others wanted to see advances in our understanding of human history, crop growth, space exploration, and medical technologies. The ideas were inspiring.
The winner is a compelling essay by Yasmin Ali, a PhD student at the University of Nottingham, UK. Ali submitted a piece on Beethoven, her brother’s hearing loss and the science which she hoped would one day cure it. It stood out to the judges as a reminder of why many scientists do research: to make the world better tomorrow than it is today.
All essays were judged by a group of Nature editors. The top ten submissions were then ranked by three members of a separate judging group: Magdalena Skipper, editor-in-chief of Nature; Faith Osier, a researcher; and Jess Wade, a physicist. All submissions were kept anonymous throughout the process.
We also selected two runners-up(非冠军的获奖者).Physicist Robert Schittkoat Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, proposes that nuclear fusion(核聚变) could offer a solution to the climate crisis, in a piece that effortlessly mixes grand ambition with gentle humour. And chemist Matthew Zajac at the University of Chicagoin Illinois wrote a powerful personal account of why he wants to see advances in the field of same-sex reproduction.
The results show that today’s young scientists have a wealth of ideas, talent and conviction that research can transform their world. We look forward to seeing what they do next.
12. What’s the essay competition about?
A. The scientific expectation.
B. The fantastic scientific ideas.
C. The dreams of future life.
D. The celebration of anniversary.
13. Why Yasmin Ali was chosen the winner?
A. She showed great talent in music.
B. She found the cure for the loss of hearing.
C. She appealed for people to care about hearing loss problem.
D. She reminded people to remember the meaning of science development.
14. What can we learn about the result of the essay competition?
A. Robert Schittko won the second place.
B. There were two winners in the essay competition.
C. Matthew Zajac presented his view of same-sex reproduction.
D. The two runners-up were selected for the same field they chose.
15. What isthe author’s attitude to the competitors’ ideas about science expectations?
A. Doubtful.
B. Favorable.
C. Impossible.
D. Ignorant.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
How to protect a home from a hurricane
A hurricane is one of Mother Nature’s most deadly creations. It takes place all over the world and can easily destroy unprotected homes.____16____Some should be done well before hurricane season, while other measures can be taken after a hurricane alarm is issued (发布).
Protect your home from falling trees and branches. At the beginning of each hurricane season, examine all of the trees surroundingyour house carefully.____17____If a tree is weakened, remove the tree completely. You may choose to remove small branches yourself or hire a professional tree care service.
___18___Windows and doors breaking or opening during a hurricane can lead to great damage inside the home and possibly threaten the home’s structure. You can buy specially designed hurricane shutters for each of the windows and doors in your house, or you can make your own.
Secure (缚牢) your garage door. One of the fastest ways for a home to receive damage is from an unsecured or weak garage door. Check your door to see whether it meets local requirements.____19____ Remove unsecured items from around your house quickly.____20____Goaround your yard and secure, store or throw away any objects found. You can store furniture in your yard in a pool or place it indoors or other safe storage.
A.If not, replace the door or hire a professional service to strengthen it.
B.There are several things you can do to defend your home against this threat.
C.This can be done after a hurricane is predicted.
D.Other common items to look for include trash cans and yard tools.
E.Measure the exact size of each window and door.
F.Cover your home’s windows and doors.
G.Remove all dead or diseased branches.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
I used to hate running. It seemed too hard, and being pushed outside my comfort zone was not what I was____21____to do. My husband Charles had been a serious competitive____22____for many years. Afterour marriage, he wouldn't____23____talking about how much he missed it. So he picked it up again, and after about a year, I started to____24____him at the track. Just a few weeks later, Charles____25____us both up for a five-kilometer race. I____26____about doing it. It was too soon.
But on the race day, there I was. The gun____27____. Thousands of runners pushed forward. The first kilometer was tough. “I don't think I'm gonna make it.” I was already breathing____28____and painfully aware of thegroup of runners pounding past me. “No, you're doing great,” said Charles. He was trying to encourage me, to get me focused on something else____29____my discomfort. “I can't,” I said, barely audibly (听得见地). He tried a____30____way to persuade me. “Just make it to that house and let's see how you____31____.”
After another minute I saw the three-kilometer mark. All I could think of was that I was dying and that my husband made me____32____. “Miserable” doesn't even begin to describe how I felt. “You'll be fine. You've got less than a kilometer to go.” I rounded a corner, and saw both sides of the street____33____with people watching the race, all cheering the runners on. I willed my____34____to keep going. Then I looked up and saw the clock. The seconds ticking away gave me____35____. I knew that if I____36____finished this race I would achieve something.____37____, I straightened up and kicked it. I had my arms held higher when I passed through the finish line. A volunteer____38____a medal around my neck.
“You did great! I'm so proud of you!” Charles was____39____that I'd made it. “That was AMAZING! I want to do another race. This running stuff is amazing!” I proudly____40____my medal on our way to the post-race festivities. My lungs and my comfort zone both expanded.
21. A. accepted B. permitted C. pushed D. raised
22. A. runner B. policeman C. doctor D. lawyer
23. A. regret B. mind C. stop D. forget
24. A. follow B. attend C. join D. urge
25. A. signed B. picked C. turned D. looked
26. A. cared B. hesitated C. wondered D. inquired
27. A. went off B. went out C. broke off D. broke out
28. A. smoothly B. heavily C. quickly D. abruptly
29. A. or rather B. more than C. rather than D. better than
30. A. pleasant B. reasonable C. casual D. different
31. A. react B. describe C. feel D. realize
32. A. ashamed B. painful C. embarrassed D. nervous
33. A. busy B. popular C. ready D. thick
34. A. arms B. mind C. heart D. legs
35. A. strength B. patience C. expectation D. wisdom
36. A. formally B. immediately C. normally D. actually
37. A. However B. Therefore C. Yet D. Instead
38. A. rewarded B. handed C. put D. presented
39. A. thrilled B. amused C. shocked D. frozen
40. A. enjoyed B. kissed C. kept D. ignored
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Chang’e 5 probe has finished gathering subsurface samples and packed them in a container ___41.___(become) the third spacecraft to successfully land on the lunar surface this century. Designed to collect about 2 kilograms of samples, the probe has already___42.___(equip) with two types of collection devices in hopes of obtaining various sorts of samples. Having two types of collection devices also reduces the risk of failure and improves the___43.___(probable) of success. Chinese space engineers’ skills are being greatly tested by the Chang’e 5 mission. As the mission will involve the first sample collection, it will be___44.___comprehensive, tough test of the researchers’ abilities in different fields. Over the long term, some of Chang’e 5’s operations___45.___(help) to accumulate and demonstrate cutting-edge technologies for future Chinese manned lunar travel.___46.___the mission is successful, Chang’e 5 will be the first spacecraft___47.___(take) samples from the moon since August, 1976, which is a___48.___(true) historic event for China’s space program: for the first time in the country’s space research history, China National Space Administration performed a landing of a robotic sample-return mission to the Moon. When the samples___49.___(collect) on the Moon are returned to Earth,
everyone will benefit____50.____being able to study this precious samples that could advance the international science community.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词;
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Is it necessary to practise handwriting? Some students consider handwriting least important than before. They preferred the keyboard to the pen now, for it is fast, convenient an clear. They think it is waste of time practising handwriting. However, others think Chinese handwriting is an important part of our traditional culture. Though computers are very convenient, but handwriting still plays an important role in the modern world. Beside, beautiful handwriting makes a good impression in others. It shows your attitude to do things. Chinese character are very beautiful and rich in culture. As for me, when reading a neat written article, you will feel pleased and relaxed.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.最近，某中学生英文报正在举办主题为“Cellphones on Campus”的征文活动。

假定你是攀枝花中学高三学生李华，请你向该报社投稿。

主要内容如下：
1.你校学生使用手机的情况；
2.学生在校内使用手机的利弊；
3.你自己的观点。

注意：1.词数：100词左右；
2.可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考答案
1. C
2. B
3. D
4. A
5. A
6. B
7. D
8. B 9. A 10. A 11. D
12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B
16. B 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. C
21. D 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. C 32.
B 33. D 34. D 35. A 36. D 37. B 38.
C 39. A 40. B
41. becoming
42. been equipped
43. probability
44. a 45. will help
46. If 47. to take
48. truly 49. collected
50. from
51.(1).least→less
(2).preferred→prefer
(3).在waste前加a
(4).but去掉
(5).Beside→Besides
(6).in→on
(7).do→doing或将do去掉
(8).character→characters
(9).neat→neatly
(10).you→I
52.略。