高考语文一轮复习专题8自习课5

自习课 5实词广场(五)
—— 120 个实词累积练习 5 解说以下加点词语的意义。

81．素
①十三能织素．，十四学裁衣 (《孔雀东南飞》)
________________________________________________________________________②素湍绿潭，回清倒影(《三峡》 )
．
________________________________________________________________________③秦伯素服郊次 (《殽之战》 )
．
________________________________________________________________________④吾心独以俭素．为美 (《训简示康》)
________________________________________________________________________⑤彼君子兮，不素．餐兮 (《诗经》 )
________________________________________________________________________⑥吴广素爱人，士卒多为用者(《陈涉世家》)
．
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82．汤 t ā nɡ
①媵人持汤沃灌，以被拥覆(《送东阳马生序》)
．
________________________________________________________________________汤 t ànɡ
②疾在腠理，汤．熨之所及也 (《扁鹊见蔡桓公》)
________________________________________________________________________ 83．涕
①出门登车去，涕．落百余行 (《孔雀东南飞》)
________________________________________________________________________②儿涕而去 (《促织》 )
．
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84．徒
①自京师徒步入华山为黄冠(《复庵记》 )
．
________________________________________________________________________②郯子之徒，其贤不及孔子(《师说》 )
．
________________________________________________________________________③仲尼之徒，无道桓文之事者(《齐桓晋文之事》)
．
________________________________________________________________________④少壮不努力，老大徒．伤悲 (《长歌行》 )
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⑤而蔺相如徒．以口舌为劳，而位居我上(《廉颇蔺相如传记》)
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85．亡 wánɡ
①沛公今事有急，亡．去不义 (《鸿门宴》 )
________________________________________________________________________②暮而果大亡．其财 (《智子疑邻》)
________________________________________________________________________③寡人虽亡国之余 (《左传》 )
．
________________________________________________________________________ wú
④生之有时而用之亡．度 (《论积贮疏》)
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86．王 wánɡ
①暴见于王，王语暴以好乐(《庄暴见孟子》)
．
________________________________________________________________________
wànɡ
②保民而王，莫之能御也(《孟子见梁惠王》)
．
________________________________________________________________________ 87．望
①夜雪初霁，荠麦弥望．(《扬州慢》 )
________________________________________________________________________②先达德隆望．尊 (《送东阳马生序》)
________________________________________________________________________③敢用是为怨望．(《书博鸡者事》)
________________________________________________________________________④此七月望日事也 (《祭妹文》 )
．
________________________________________________________________________ 88．恶è
①惧谗邪，则思正身以黜恶(《谏太宗十思疏》)
．
________________________________________________________________________②花过而采，则根色黯恶．(《采草药》 )
________________________________________________________________________③岁恶不入，请卖爵子(《食货志上》)
．
________________________________________________________________________恶 wù
④死亦我所恶．(《鱼我所欲也》)
⑤此百世之急，而赵之所恶(《战国策》 )
．
________________________________________________________________________⑥表恶其能而不可以用也(《赤壁之战》)
．
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89．微
①微行入古寺 (《左忠逸公逸闻》)
．
________________________________________________________________________②微察公子，公子颜色愈和(《信陵君窃符救赵》)
．
________________________________________________________________________③其文约，其辞微．(《屈原传记》)
________________________________________________________________________④味苦而微辛 (《苦斋记》 )
．
________________________________________________________________________⑤高祖起细微．(《史记》 )
________________________________________________________________________ 90．悉
①古之治天下，至纤至悉．也 (《论积贮疏》)
________________________________________________________________________②丞相亮其悉．朕意 (《诸葛亮传》)
________________________________________________________________________③怀王乃悉发国中兵，以深入击秦(《屈原传记》 )
．
________________________________________________________________________ 91．相
①伯乐学相马 (《伯乐相马》 )
．
________________________________________________________________________②儿已薄禄相．，幸复得此妇 (《孔雀东南飞》)
________________________________________________________________________③孙叔敖相楚庄王 (《新序》 )
．
________________________________________________________________________④且庸人尚羞之，况于将相乎 (《廉颇蔺相如传记》)
．
________________________________________________________________________ 92．谢
①阿母谢媒人 (《孔雀东南飞》)
．
________________________________________________________________________②往昔初阳岁，谢．家来贵门 (《孔雀东南飞》)
③旦日不行不蚤自来谢．项王 (《鸿门宴》 )
________________________________________________________________________④多谢后代人，戒之慎勿忘(《孔雀东南飞》)
．
________________________________________________________________________⑤及花之既谢．(《采草药》 )
________________________________________________________________________ 93．信
①此四君者，皆理智而忠信(《过秦论》 )
．
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②海客谈瀛洲，烟涛微茫信难求 (《梦游天姥吟留别》 )
．
________________________________________________________________________③今行而无信．，则秦未可亲也(《荆轲刺秦王》)
________________________________________________________________________④自可断来信．，渐渐更谓之 (《孔雀东南飞》)
________________________________________________________________________⑤低眉信手续续弹 (《琵琶行》 )
．
________________________________________________________________________ 94．兴 xī nɡ
①积土成山，风雨兴．焉 (《劝学》 )
________________________________________________________________________②怀王怒，大兴．师伐秦 (《屈原传记》)
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xìnɡ
③兴尽晚回舟，误入藕花深处(《如梦令》 )
．
________________________________________________________________________ 95．行 xínɡ
①日月之行，若出此中 (《观沧海》 )
．
________________________________________________________________________②王欲行之，则盍反其本矣？(《齐桓晋文之事》)
．
________________________________________________________________________③善万物之得时，感吾生之行．休(《回去来兮辞》)
________________________________________________________________________ hánɡ
④汉天子，我丈人行．也 (《苏武传》 )
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96．幸
①儿已薄禄相，幸．复得此妇 (《孔雀东南飞》)
________________________________________________________________________②而君幸于赵王 (《廉颇蔺相如传记》)
．
________________________________________________________________________③缦立远视，而望幸．焉 (《阿房宫赋》)
________________________________________________________________________④幸可广问讯，不得便相许(《孔雀东南飞》)
．
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97．修
①内立法度，务耕织，修．守战之具 (《过秦论》 )
________________________________________________________________________②议法度而修．之于朝廷，以授之于有司(《答司马谏议书》)
________________________________________________________________________③严大国之威以修．敬也 (《廉颇蔺相如传记》)
________________________________________________________________________④外结好孙权，内修．政理 (《隆中对》 )
________________________________________________________________________⑤臣修身洁行数十年(《信陵君窃符救赵》)
．
________________________________________________________________________⑥是以贤人不期修．古，非法常可(《韩非子》 )
________________________________________________________________________⑦盖简桃核修．狭者为之 (《核舟记》 )
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98．徐
①入而徐趋，至而自谢(《触龙说赵太后》)
．
________________________________________________________________________②徐以勺酌油沥之 (《卖油翁》 )
．
________________________________________________________________________③遂于蒿莱中侧听徐．行 (《促织》 )
________________________________________________________________________④自可断来信，徐．徐更谓之 (《孔雀东南飞》)
________________________________________________________________________ 99．许
①秦王怒，不准．(《廉颇蔺相如传记》)
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②时人莫之许．也 (《隆中对》 )
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③大铁椎，不知何许．人也 (《大铁椎传》 )
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④潭中鱼可百许．头 (《小石潭记》)
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⑤问渠那得清这样．，为有源泉活水来(《观书有感》)
________________________________________________________________________ 100．阳
①本在冀州之南，河阳．之北 (《愚公移山》)
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②已而斜阳在山，人影凌乱(《醉翁亭记》)
．
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③阳春布德泽，万物生光芒(《长歌行》 )
．
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④皆阳应曰：“诺”(《记王忠肃公翱事》 )
．
________________________________________________________________________【答案】
81．①白色的绸绢②白色的③丧服④朴实⑤副词，白白地⑥副词，向来、向来
82．①热水，开水②通“烫”，用热水焐
83．①眼泪②哭泣
84．①步行②同一类人③门徒，徒弟④副词，白白地
⑤副词，不过、不过
85．①流亡，逃跑86．①君主，帝王②失去，丢掉②
做王，称王
③消亡④通“无”，没有
87．①视线②名誉，名誉③埋怨，恼恨④阴历每个月十五
88．①罪恶，险恶②丑恶③收成不好④厌恶，厌烦
⑤羞愧，羞愧⑥妒忌
89．①隐蔽，不显现②副词，偷偷地、暗暗自③奇妙，高深④副词，稍微⑤低微，低贱
90．①详细，周到②认识，熟习③副词，全、都
91．①审察，察看②容颜，面貌③帮助，协助④丞相，宰相
92．①辞却，拒绝②辞别，辞别③赔罪，致歉④劝告⑤凋零，衰败
93．①讲信誉②副词，确实、实在③信物，凭据④使者，送信的人⑤随意，随
便
学习94．①盛行，发生②发动③兴致，兴趣
95．①运转②推行，履行③副词，马上④辈
96．①幸好②喜爱③皇帝到某处叫“幸” ④副词，表示希望
97．①维修，修造，修筑②订正，改正③表示④整饬，治理
⑦高，长
⑤涵养⑥效法，
98．①慢慢地走②慢慢地③慢④慢慢
99．①答应，赞同②同意，赞同③地方，地方④表示大概的数目⑤代词，这样、
这么
100．①山的南面，水的北面②太阳，阳光③暖和④表面上，假装。