高考英语一轮复习 高考提能练(四十一)Module 5 Ethnic Culture 外研版选修7-

Module 5 Ethnic Culture
阅读理解·组块专练——练速度
(本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！)
(限时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2018·辽宁葫芦岛第六高级中学高三第二次阶段考试)
Gypsies
According to the linguistic and genetic
researches, ancestors of the Gypsies
left the land of India in the amount that
did not go beyond 1,000 people. Today there
are about 10 million Gypsies in the world.
Some scientists believe that Gypsies were
Egyptians.
Sumerians
Sumerians must be the mysterious people in
the ancient world. We know nothing about
their origin and nothing about the origin
of their language. The Sumerians were
rather advanced­they became the first in
the Near East to use a wheel, to create an
irrigation system and their unique
writing. And besides, they were
impressively good at maths and astronomy.
Maya
Some scientists believe that they are
connected to legendary atlantes (男像柱),
others suppose their ancestors were
Egyptians. It's thought that the Maya
created an efficient agricultural system
and had deep astronomy knowledge. Their
calendar was used by other people of
Central America. Maya applied the
hieroglyphic writing (象形文字) system.
Now it seems that the Maya came from
nowhere and disappeared nowhere 【语篇解读】本文介绍了三种古人类，苏美尔人、吉卜赛人和玛雅人。

1．Whose ancestors do some scientists believe were Egyptians?
A．Gypsies and Maya.
B．Maya and Sumerians.
C．Gypsies and Sumerians.
D．Europeans and Sumerians.
答案与解析：A 细节理解题。

由“Some scientists believe that Gypsies were Egyptians.〞和“others suppose their ancestors were Egyptians.〞可知一些科学家认为吉卜赛人和玛雅人的祖先是埃与人，选A。

2．The Maya are thought to ________.
A．exist on the earth now
B．have 10 million people
C．have no writing system
D．be creative in some fields
答案与解析：D 推理判断题。

由“It's thought that the Maya created an efficient agricultural system and had deep astronomy knowledge. Their calendar was used by other people of Central America. Maya applied the hieroglyphic writing(象形文字)system.〞可推断出玛雅人在很多领域，都具有创造性，选D。

3．What can we learn from the text?
A．The origin of the Maya has been discovered by scientists.
B．The ancestors of the Gypsies left the land of India in the middle ages.
C．The Europeans were thought to be the most mysterious people in the ancient world.
D．The Sumerians were the first to use a wheel in the irrigation system in the Near East.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。

由“they became the first in the Near East to use a wheel, to create an irrigation system and their unique writing.〞可知在近东，苏美尔人首次在灌溉系统中使用车轮，选D。

B
(2018·湖北荆州质量检测)
A group of artists, writers and intellectuals has launched a new “university〞in London, designed to help those too tied up with work to appreciate the finer things in life, like art, books and travel. The School of Life, operating out of a small shop in the arty district of Bloomsbury, describes itself as a “chemist for the mind〞that plans to offer “cultural solutions to everyday ailments (疾病)〞. It hopes to inspire those who have got out of the habit of reading decent books, cannot keep conversation flowing at dinner parties, or need to expand their holiday horizons. The philosopher Alain de Botton, author of How Proust Can Change Your Life, and Sophie Howarth, a former curator (馆长) at the Tate Modem Gallery, are among the staff members.
The founders believe that people with too little time to spare need instruction in how to live a more fulfilled (有成就感的) existence. Perhaps you have a burning question for a paleontologist(古生物学家). “Perhaps you're considering a career change and want to talk first­hand to a photographer or landscape designer. The School of Life has a large professional staff who are willing to meet with you for an hour of chat in exchange for a small fee，〞 the website explains, listing 50 experts.
Among courses being offered later this year are instruction in life, love, work, family and politics. A typical course, in love, will explore why relationships are so complicated and why attraction ebbs and flows. “We draw on ideas from philosophy,
psychoanalysis (心理分析), literature and art. We discover what the likes of Plato, Shakespeare, Tolstoy and Freud had to say about compassion, empathy and self­love，〞the instructors promise.
Courses run for six weeks and cost 195 pounds.
【语篇解读】一群艺术家、作家和知识分子在伦敦创建了一所新的“大学〞，旨在帮助那些埋头于工作的人们欣赏生活中更加美好的事物，比如艺术、书籍和旅游等。

4．From Paragraph 1 we know the purpose of “the university〞 is to ________.
A．help people live a finer life
B．tell people how to spend their spare time
C．make money by setting up a university on the internet
D．offer education to those who have little chance to go to university
答案与解析：A 细节理解题。

根据第一段“designed to help those too tied up with work to appreciate the finer things in life〞得知新大学是为了帮助人们欣赏生活中美好的事情。

得知应当选A。

5．The School of Life offers courses to those who ________.
A．pursue a quality life
B．try to improve communicative skills
C．get into the habit of reading good books
D．seek solutions to their physical diseases
答案与解析：A 推理判断题。

根据第三段“The founde rs believe that people with too little time to spare need instruction in how to live a more fulfilled(有成就感的)existence.〞得知学校创建者认为，那些没有多少空闲时间的人需要额外的指导，学会用他们有限的时间过上更加充实的生活。

可以判断出生活大学向那些想要过上高品质生活的人们提供课程。

得知应当选A。

6．The courses of the School of Life are offered by ________.
A．free chatting online with arty people
B．chatting with instructors face to face
C．making appointments with chemists
D．attending public lectures given by founders
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。

根据第三段“The School of Life has a large professional staff who are willing to meet with you for an hour of chat in exchange
for a small fee〞得知生活学校有很多自由职业的教职员，愿意跟你面对面谈上一个小时，只收取一点点费用。

得知应当选B。

7．Which of the following can serve as the best title?
A．A New University—Solutions to Everything
B．A New University—Instructions to Your Career
C．The School of Life—a Chemist for Mind
D．The School of Life—a School for Health
答案与解析：C 标题判断题。

根据第二段“The School of Life, operating out of a small shop in the arty district of Bloomsbury, describes itself as a ‘chemist for the mind’〞得知这所生活学校开在布鲁姆斯博里艺术区的一间小作坊，它把自己形容为“头脑的药剂师〞，打算给“日常疾病开出文化处方〞。

得知应当选C。

C
(2018·成都外国语学校月考)
Mass communication has been growing and affecting the way communities and people behave. At every stage of the development of communication, from the telegraph to the Internet, societies have had to adapt to its effects. But have the effects been more positive or negative?
The saying “knowledge is power〞 has been an excellent motivator for people to improve their lives, but today the massive amount of information available through the Internet doesn't always seem to be helping people in the way we'd hoped. Rather than improving people's lives and bringing us closer together, the information age is making us more divided and irresponsible.
Nevertheless, many people find comfort in their virtual (虚拟的) worlds and are happy to connect with real­life friends and online friends from the familiar surroundings of their living rooms. However, being able to reinvent themselves online and be whoever they want to be leads to the question of whether they are losing their identities by living in a virtual world. It's not all bad news, however. Mass communication has helped change some attitudes for the better. Take our views on the environment for example. Internet campaigns by governments and other organizations have helped popularize the ideas of recycling, protecting wildlife and reducing pollution.
Modern electronic communication now influences every aspect of our lives­it is a powerful tool that has raised some concerns for society. However, it has also brought countless benefits to society. At the end of the day, it can be used both for good or evil, which largely relies on the morals and sense of responsibility of the individual or community involved. In short, it needs to be used with care.
【语篇解读】本文讲的是大众传播的影响。

8．According to the text, the information age today ________.
A．helps people improve their lives
B．fully shows “Knowledge is power〞
C．makes people feel more connected to others
D．fails to achieve our expectations sometimes
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。

根据第二段中“...but today the massive amount of information available through the Internet doesn't always seem to be helping people in the way we'd hoped. Rather than improving people's lives and bringing us closer together, the information age is making us more divided and irresponsible.〞当今的信息时代有时不能达到我们的期望。

应当选D。

9．What can we infer from Paragraph 3?
A．People only connect with online friends.
B．Online friends can be comforting for all people.
C．Virtual lives can make people clear of who they are.
D．The Internet helps to raise our environmental awareness.
答案与解析：D 推理判断题。

根据第三段中“Take our views on the environment for example. Internet campaigns by governments and other organizations have helped popularize the ideas of recycling, protecting wildlife and reducing pollution.〞可知，因特网有助于提高我们的环保意识。

应当选D。

10．What is the writer's attitude to electronic communication in the last paragraph?
A．It should be used in a cautious way.
B．It does more harm than good to society.
C．Its side effects can't be handled by individuals.
D．It should be strictly controlled by the government.
答案与解析：A 推理判断题。

根据最后一段中“At the end of the day, it can be used both for good or evil, which largely relies on the morals and sense of responsibility of the individual or community involved. In short, it needs to be used with care.〞可知电子通讯应该慎重使用。

应当选A。

11．What does the text mainly talk about?
A．The comfort of the virtual worlds.
B．The effects of mass communication.
C．The development of mass communication.
D．The way to use modern mass communication.
答案与解析：B 主旨大意题。

根据第一段第一句“Mass co mmunication has been growing and affecting the way communities and people behave.〞可知本文讲的是大众传播的影响。

应当选B。

D
(2018·某某南宁二中、柳州高中、玉林高中联考)
Counterfeit (假冒的) goods, or false versions of products, may cost the government of Kenya as much as $1 billion each year. The fake goods also hurt business owners who find it hard to keep customers. But information technology is being used to try to stop the problem. Jemima Mwafigu is a 34­year­old businesswoman who sells products like perfume. But in the first year of running her business, she found it hard to keep customers because of counterfeit goods.
Ms. Mwafigu says her business has improved since she began using a smart phone application called Barcode (条码) Scanner. The app is used to authenticate (验证) products. It checks to make sure the products are not counterfeit.
“With this application I'm able to scan the bar codes of each perfume and instantly I get the production date, the expiration_date and I'm able to know the safety，〞she says. “That way, I have confidence in s elling to my customers.〞In 2010, Kenya created the Anti­Counterfeit Agency, or ACA, to fight against illegal trade. The ACA has successfully asked government officials for stronger punishments for counterfeiters.
Agnes Karingu is the agency's acting director for research and awareness. She says the ACA is trying to stay one step ahead of those making fake goods.
“We are also looking into IT solutions where we can be able to use SMS programs, bar codes and information sharing，〞she says. “The end users of t he products will actually be able to get the authentication information, and this information comes back to ACA and intellectual property rights holders.〞
The agency is testing another program called Allvirtuous. The application is another way to find out if a product is real or not by scanning its barcode. The barcode information is sent to a database. Then a result is sent back to the app.
The International Chamber of Commerce is a global business organization. It says the value of counterfeit goods produced around the world is expected to be more than $1.7 trillion (万亿) this year.
【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了假冒商品的出现不仅危害到消费者，企业商，以与给肯尼亚政府带来了不小的损失。

通过一款手机软件扫码可以帮助消费者识别假冒品。

12．What's the main purpose of this passage?
A．To persuade us to resist counterfeit goods.
B．To advise us to use phone apps while going shopping.
C．To inform us that phone apps can help stop counterfeiters' trade.
D．To tell us that Information Technology is developing fast.
答案与解析：C 写作意图题。

文章主要讲述了假冒商品的出现不仅危害到消费者，企业商，以与给肯尼亚政府带来了不小的损失。

通过一款手机软件扫码可以帮助消费者识别假冒品。

根据题意，应当选C。

13．Why did Kenya create ACA?
A．To ask the government to punish counterfeiters.
B．To deal with illegal trade.
C．To raise people's awareness of counterfeit goods.
D．To look into IT solutions.
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。

根据文章第四段“In 2010, Kenya created the Anti­Coun terfeit Agency, or ACA, to fight against illegal trade.〞2010，肯尼亚成立反假冒机构，打击非法贸易。

根据题意，应当选B。

14．The underlined phrase “expiration date〞 in Paragraph 3 means the time when ________.
A．the product is made
B．the product is packed
C．the product is first out of the factory
D．the product is unable to be used
答案与解析：D 词义猜测题。

根据“instantly I get the production date, the expiration date and I'm able to know the safety〞立即获得产品生产日期，以与一些安全信息。

根据常识可知了解商品信息包括生产日期以与保质期等等，根据题意，应当选D。

15．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．The business of counterfeit goods is falling off.
B．The value of counterfeit goods is likely to be more than $1.7 trillion this year.
C．Counterfeit goods make a great contribution to the world economy.
D．Measures should be taken immediately to prevent counterfeit goods.
答案与解析：D 推理判断题。

文章最后一段讲述了世界各地生产的假冒商品价值预计超过1.7万亿美元。

可推知应立即采取措施以防止假冒商品。

根据题意，应当选D。

Ⅱ.七选五
(2018·云南省第一次高中毕业生复习统一检测)
Courage is a personality quality that everyone possesses, but it sometimes fades because of bad experiences or memories. __1__. By identifying the source of any lack of courage and actively changing your behavior, you can build courage.
Determine your specific fears. People are often reluctant to admit that they are afraid of something and this may be weakening their confidence and courage. In order to begin building courage, you need to determine your specific fears. __2__. This may help you to develop a plan to overcome them and build your courage.
Recognize your courage. Just as it's important to identify your fears, you should also recognize that you also possess courage in many situations. __3__. It can help you to figure out how to apply this quality to situations in your life that cause timidity (胆怯). It can also help you to develop your behavior and begin building courage in every aspect of your life.
Develop a concrete plan to build your courage. Once you've identified your specific fears and recognized situations where you exhibit courage, write out your plan to build your courage and update it when necessary, __4__， for it helps you
stay on track if you have setbacks and see your progress over time.
Avoid comparing yourself to others. Every person is different and comparing yourself to other people can minimize your self­confidence. Focusing on yourself and not comparing yourself to others is essential to build your confidence and courage.
__5__. Two characteristics of courageous people are that they not only have confidence, but also believe in their ability to succeed and overcome fears. By cultivating and projecting confidence in yourself, you set yourself on the path to build and maintain courage.
A．Part of building your courage is taking risks
B．Embrace the positive and avoid the negative
C．Write a list of your fears as you figure them out
D．Having a clear strategy you can follow is important
E．Take the time to acknowledge that you are courageous
F．Have confidence and believe in your ability to be courageous
G．Having courage is necessary to succeed in many situations in life
【语篇解读】本文是说明文，告诉我们如何拥有勇气。

【段意梳理】
第一段：引入主题——勇气对每个人的重要性。

第二段：明确自己害怕什么。

第三段：承认自己有勇气。

第四段：制订明确的计划。

第五段：防止和别人比。

第六段：要有自信。

1．答案与解析：G 上文提到由于不好的经历或记忆，一个人的勇气有时会消减，但勇气是每个人都拥有的性格特点，故此处应承接上文继续讲述勇气对每个人的重要性，应当选G项。

2．答案与解析：C 本段主题是确定你害怕的东西(fears)，且根据空前的“determine your specific fears〞可知，C选项最适宜。

3．答案与解析：E 本段主题是要承认自己的勇气，E选项中的“acknowledge that you are courageous〞意为“承认你是勇敢的〞，应当选E项。

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4．答案与解析：D 本段主题为制订计划，D项中的strategy意为“策略〞，与下文的“it helps you stay on track〞中的it相呼应。

5．答案与解析：F 根据下文中的“they not only have confidence, but also believe in their ability to succeed and overcome fears〞可知，本段讨论信心，应当选F项。

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