新人教版必修5《Unit 2 The United Kingdom Period 2》2019年同步

新人教版必修5《Unit 2 The United Kingdom Period 2》2019年同步练习卷（河北省保定市定州中学）-（解析版）
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（河北省保定市定州中学）
A
California Condor's Shocking Recovery
California condors are North America's largest birds ， with wind-length of up to 3meters ． In the 1980s ， electrical lines an d lead poisoning （铅中毒） nearly drove them to dying out ． Now ， electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds ．
In the late 1980s ， the last few condors were taken from the wild ， and there are now more than 150flying over California and nearby Arizona ， Utah and Baja in Mexico ． Electrical lines have been killing them off ． "As they go in to rest for the night ， they just don't see the power lines ，" says Bruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo ． Their wings can bridge the gap between lines ， resulting in electrocution （电死） if they touch two lines at once ． So scientists have come up with a shocking idea ． Tall poles ， placed in large training areas ， teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shock ． Before the training was introduced ， 66% of set-freed condors died of electrocution ． This has now dropped to 18%．
Lead poisonous has proved more difficult to deal with ． When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead ， they absorb large quantities of lead ． This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds ， and can lead to kidney （肾） failures and death ． So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo ， where they are treated with calcium EDTA ， a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days ． This work is starting to pay off ． The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011． Rideout's team thinks that the California condors' average survival time in the wild is now just under eight years ． "Although these measures are not effective forever ， they are vital for now ，" he says ． "They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them ． "
1. California condors attract researchers' interest because they ______ ．
A. are active at night
B. had to be bred in the wild
C. are found only in California
D. almost died out in the 1980s 2. Researchers have found electrical lines are ______ ．
A. blocking condors' journey home
B. big killers of California condors
C. rest places for condors at night
D. used to keep condors away 3. According to Paragraph 5， lead poisoning ______ ．
A. makes condors too nervous to fly
B. has little effect on condors' kidneys
C. can hardly be gotten rid of form condors' blood
D. makes it different for condors to produce baby birds
4. The passage shows that ______ ．
A. the average survival time of condors is satisfactory
B. Rideout's research interest lies in electric engineering
C. the efforts to protect condors have brought good results
D. researchers have found the final answers to the problem 【解析】DBDC
1．D 推理判断题．由文章第一段内容可知，In the 1980s ，electrical lines and lead poisoning （铅中
毒） nearly drove them to dying out ．加利福尼亚鹰是北美最大的鸟，但在20世纪80年代几乎濒临灭绝．可见拯救加利福尼亚鹰的形势之危急，因此可以推知"引起科学家关注的原因是____"D ．答案为D ． 2．B 细节理解题．由第一段In the 1980s ，electrical lines and lead poisoning （铅中
毒） nearly drove them to dying out ．可知，导致加利福尼亚鹰濒临灭绝的原因有两个，其中之一是
electrical lines （电线），由此可推出答案B ． 3．D 细节理解题．细节可以在文中第四段查
找．"they absorb large quantities of lead ．This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds ，and can lead to kidney （肾） failures and death ．"可知影响生育．因此选D 4．C 推理判断题．A 错误，加利福尼亚鹰存活数量少，B 错误，科学家团队的研究爱好不是在电力工程上，D 错误，研究者并未找到最后的解决办法，由句子Although these measures are not effective forever …可知，现在的办法并不是永久的办法．因此选C ．由第四段
The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011．和最后一段
the California condors'average survival time in the wild is now just under eight years 可知，取得了良好的效果． 本文主要介绍了科学家拯救美国加利福尼亚鹰的两种方法：一种是通过对电的感应的训练；另一种是将严重铅中毒的鹰送往洛杉矶动物园用依地酸二钠钙（一种能溶解铅的化学物质）进行治疗．此外，本文还提到环境对加利福尼亚鹰的危害以及加利福尼亚鹰正急剧减少并濒临灭绝的状况．
阅读理解考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
B
Dear Alfred ，
I want to tell you how important your help is to my life ．
Growing up ，I had people telling me I was too slow ，though ，with an IQ of 150 at 17，I'm anything but stupid ．The fact was that I was found to have ADHD （注意力缺陷多动障碍）．Anxious all the time ，I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time ．
However ，when something did interest me ，I could become absorbed ．In high school ，I became curious about the computer ，and built my first website ．Moreover ，I completed the senior course of Computer Basics ，plus five relevant pre-college courses ．
While I was exploring my curiosity ，my disease got worse ．I wanted to go to college after high school ，but
couldn't ．So ，I was killing my time at home until June 2012 when I discovered the online computer courses of your training center ．
Since then ，I have taken courses like Data Science and Advanced Mathematics ．Currently ，I'm learning your Probability course ．I have hundreds of printer paper ，covered in self-written notes from your video ．This has given me a purpose ．
Last year ，I spent all my time looking for a job where ，without dealing with the public ，I could work alone ，but still have a team to talk to ．Luckily ，I discovered the job-Data Analyst-this month and have been going full steam ahead ．I want to prove that I can teach myself a respectful profession ，without going to college ，and be just as good as ，if not better than ，my competitors ．
Thank you ．You've given me hope that I can follow my heart ．For the first time ，I feel good about myself because I'm doing something ，not because someone told me I was doing good ．I feel whole ． This is why you're saving my life ． Yours ， Tanis
5. Why didn't Tanis go to college after high school ？ ______
A. She had learned enough about computer science
B. She had more difficulty keeping fouces
C. She preferred taking online courses
D. She was too slow to learn
6. AS for the working environment ，Tanis prefers ______ ．
A. working by herself
B. dealing with the public
C. competing against others
D. staying with ADHD students
7. Tanis wrote this letter in order to ______ ．
A. explain why she was interested in the computer
B. share the ideas she had for her profession
C. show how grateful she was to the center
D. describe the courses she had taken so far
【解析】5．B 细节理解题．信中说到The fact was that I was found to have ADIID（注意力缺陷多动障碍）．While I was exploring my curiosity，my disease got worse．因为作者有注意力障碍，并且后来病情加
重了，上大学的梦想也破灭了．故选B．
6A 细节理解题．倒数第二段Last year，I spent all my time looking for a job where，without dealing with the public，I could work alone．作者想找一份独处的工作．故选A．
7．C 推理判断题．信的开头I want to tell you how important your help is to my life．和结尾
This is why you're saving my life．都表达了作者的感谢之情．故选C．
这是一封对培训中心的职员表达感谢的书信．信中讲述了作者因为注意力多动障碍，每次注意力都不能集
中一个小时，被别人认为反应迟钝．这让作者很苦恼，后来因为对电脑产生了兴趣，自学了电脑课程和电
脑相关的大学预科课程，让作者重新燃起了上大学的希望．然而，病情却加重了，只能在家消磨时间．直
到2012年发现了网络计算机培训中心的课程，作者便开始学习．这让作者有了生活的目标，并且找到了一份数据分析师的工作．作者想通过自己的经历来证明，不上大学靠自学也可有一份体面的职业．所以作者
表达了自己的感谢，因为网络课程改变了作者的一生．
阅读理解题在解答时，读懂文章是前提，同时还要注意题型特点：细节题要和文章一致，不能夸大和缩小
范围；推断题要在文章中找到推断的根据，合理推断，不能主观臆断，胡乱猜测．在平时阅读时，要有意
识地注意这些题型特点．
8. Food is a hot issue in China．Eating，（1）______ （consider）to be an important part of each day，is
far beyond simply meeting a need；（2）______ now，people sometimes hardly have time to enjoy their food，because they are living in a fast-paced society．They need fast food．That's （3）______ China's fast-food market expands．
The first foreign fast-food restaurant to arrive in China was called KFC，quickly followed by Pizza Hut，McDonald's and so on．With the （4）______ （develop）of China，foreign fast-food chains are realizing high-speed growth in China．However，being unable （5）______ （provide）balanced nutrition，these "junk foods" （6）______ （criticize）by health experts for a long time The experts also show that some foreign fast food consists （7）______ certain cancer-causing chemicals．
（8）______（actual），the Chinese diet contains many of its own （9）______ （tradition）fast-food dishes．Among them，dumplings，soybean milk and noodles are the most popular．Compared with foreign fast food，those are healthier．But many Chinese still enjoy the special taste and the good environment in the foreign fast-food chains．It's high time that they （10）______ （wake）up to the fact of the potential risks with foreign fast-food．
Happy moment
My wife is a foodie and so is my son．The teacher gave him an assignment to make a sentence like the example sentence，"if a drop of water means a greeting message，I want to give you an ocean．" Here's his answer：if a piece of meat means a slice of happiness，I want to give you a pig．
【答案】considered；but / yet；why；development；to provide；have been criticized；of；Actually；traditional；woke / should wake
【解析】1．considered．考查非谓语动词．主语Eating与consider为被动关系，因此需要用过去分词形式considered作定语，所以用coasidered．
2．but / yet．考查连词．根据hardly可知上下句之间去转折，所以用but/yet．
3．why．考查连词．固定句式That'swhy表示：那就是的原因，所以填why．people sometimes hardly have time to enjoy their food是原因．
4．development．考查派生词．在定冠词the后面用名词形式，所以填development．
5．to provide．考查动词不定式．be unable to do sth表示：不能做某事，固定搭配，故填：to provide．6．have been criticized．考查谓语动词的形式．主语these "junk foods" 和谓语动词之间criticize为被动关系，需要用被动语态．状语for a long time表示一段时间，根据上下文，用现在完成时，因此填have been criticized．7．of．考查固定词组．表示"组成"，用固定短语consists of 修饰名词certain cancer-causing chemicals．8．Actually．考查副词．在句子the Chinese diet contains many of its own （9）traditional （tradition）fast-food dishes．前面，需要用副词形式，所以用Actually．
9．traditional．考查派生词．修饰名词fast-food dishes，用形容词traditional．
10．woke / should wake．考查虚拟语气．It's high time表示"该做某事了"，后面从句的谓语动词用过去式，或者should+动词原形，所以答案是woke / should wake．
食物在中国是一个热门话题本文介绍来自国外的快餐和中国传统的菜肴．
语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析．要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目．。