Module 4 Great Scientists知识清单讲义2023届高考英语外研版必修四一轮复习

Module 4 Great Scientists知识清单讲义2023届高考英语外研版必修四一轮复习
I.重点单词
advanced 先进的
celebrate庆祝
gunpowder火药
military军事的
figure n. 图形; 肖像,人影; 身材, 数字,人物
vt. 计算出; 理解
replace 取代,以…代替/放回原处
breakthrough n.突破
cosmology宇宙论/宇宙生成学
diagnose诊断
disability残疾
victim受害者
brilliant聪颖的才会横溢的
career生涯经历
partly部分地/在一定程度上
graduate毕业
physical 身体上的
educate 教育
a staple food 主要粮食
a leading figure重要人物
be given a nickname得了绰号
II.重点短语
由于…的结果
as a result (of)
as a consequence (of)
in consequence
owing to
thanks to
due to
result in
be converted to doing sth被转换去做某事
by accident偶然地
make explosions爆炸
move in a straight direction直线运行instead of而不是
the idea was born想法诞生
be at war with和…交战
be attached to被系在…之上introduce…to…把….传到…
figure out 计算出;想出;弄明白keep one’s figure 保持体态苗条public figure 名人;知名人士bring up 抚养;教育,培养( raise);
提出(议题);呕吐;使…升高bring about 引起，导致，造成bring back 带回;使恢复,使忆起bring down减少；降低；打垮；击败bring out 出版,显示出,使…明显;阐释bring in 赚钱,使获利;请来;引进bring together 使联合（携手）
提出
bring forward /put forward/ put up
与up 相关的短语
add up 把……加起来
break up分解，破裂，解散
use up用完，耗尽
cut up切碎，割碎
cheer up<使>高兴起来，<振作起来>
call up打电话；使回想起dress up装扮，打扮；对…加以修饰，美化hang up挂断电话，挂起
get up起床，站起来
hold up支撑,耽搁,推迟
stay up熬夜，不睡觉
put up建造；张贴；提供膳宿；give up放弃，腾出<时间>；自首，投降tear up撕碎，撕毁
turn up调大；露面，出现；卷起take up 占据时间;空间；开始从事show up显露；出现
build up增强；加强
pull up停车
draw up草拟；起草
grow up长大
pick up接某人;接收;学会;加强;好转come up被提出;长出;出现
keep up(使)继续
support sb.in sth.在…方面支持某人support one’s family养活家人
in support of sb./sth.支援某人/某事
replace sth. with/ by 以……代替/替换replace sb./sth. 更换,替换某人/某物
= in place of sb/ sth /= in one’s place
= take the place of sb/ sth/= take one’s place
break through vt.突破
break in…闯入,侵入,打岔break up 拆散,破坏,破裂,结束,中止break out 突然爆发
break down 毁坏,出故障,身体出毛病,
分解,计划失败,痛哭break off 折断，中断
the key to doing sth 做某事的关键
the solution to……的解决办法
the answer to……的答案
the entrance to……的入口
the door to……的门
the damage to……的损失
notes to… …的注释
the access to……的通道/机会
the approach to……的方法
search for…寻找…
search sb/sp for…为寻找…而搜查某人/某地in search of …寻找，寻求
publish/ bring out vt. 出版；发表；公布come out vi. 出版；发行；刊印in case/ in case of 以防万一
in any case无论如何,反正,不管怎样
in no case绝不,在任何情形下都不be diagnosed with…诊断患有…diagnose….as…诊断…为…
in the direction of…朝…的方向
in all directions(in every direction)
朝四面八方
in the opposite direction 朝相反的方向under the direction of在…指导下
in brief=in short总之, 简言之
in detail详细地
earn one’s living/make a living谋生
live\lead a …life过….的生活earn \make money赚钱
earn sb sth为某人赢得某物come to\into power执政beyond one’s power超出某人的能力have a narrow escape九死一生escape (doing) sth.逃脱(做)某事escape from/out of...从…逃跑,逃走escape one’s attention/notice
a fire escape紧急出口,安全门clear the table 收拾桌子
clear one’s throat 清清嗓子clear away把…收拾走，清除掉clear up (天气)转晴clear sth. up 整理，使…整洁clear out把…清空
make it clear that…弄清楚…. become the voice of成为….的代言人straight away 立刻马上
best-seller畅销书
from then on从那时起
have difficulty in doing sth. 做……有困难combined with…与…结合(或联合/联合) devote...to把…献于，把…用于
gunpowder 火药
award sb. sth. 授予某人某物
award sth. to sb. 颁奖（授予）某物给某人
get /receive an award for sth因…获得奖励
reward sb. with sth用……酬谢某人
prize多指在竞赛,竞争中获胜所赢得的奖
convert…to...=change…into把…变成……
in quantity \ in large quantities大量地
III.重点句型
1. The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction.
2. But not everybody wanted to use rockets in battles.
3. The rockets were lit, there was a huge explosion.
4.Following this, Yuan Longpin’s rice was exported to other countries, such as Pakistan and the Philippines.
5. Stephen Hawking has spent his career at Cambridge University, where he became Professor of Physics in 1977.
6. It is awarded each year to people who have advanced human development by improving the quality, quantity or availability of food in the world.
I.重点单词
先进的__________ 庆祝_____________
military__________
取代,以…代替/放回原处__________
n.突破___________ diagnose__________
残疾____________victim_________
毕业___________身体上的__________
教育__________
a staple food __________
a leading figure___________
II.重点短语
偶然地___________
和…交战__________
计算出;想出;弄明白__________
keep one’s figure____________
抚养;教育,培养( raise);提出(议题);呕吐;使…升高______________
赚钱,使获利;请来;引进______________
分解，破裂，解散____________
用完，耗尽_________
熬夜，不睡觉___________
建造；张贴；提供膳宿；__________
占据时间;空间；开始从事___________
增强；加强_________
养活家人____________
vt.突破______________
做某事的关键__________
寻找，寻求___________
vt. 出版；发表；公布__________
vi. 出版；发行；刊印_________
be diagnosed with…___________
朝…的方向_____________
under the direction of____________
总之, 简言之__________
详细地___________
谋生_____________
过….的生活__________
come to\into power_____________
beyond one’s power_____________
have a narrow escape___________
a fire escape__________
clear one’s throat __________
clear away___________
clear up _____________
make it clear that…__________
become the voice of___________
from then on___________
做……有困难___________
devote...to_________
gunpowder __________
get /receive an award for sth__________
convert…to...=change…into_________
in quantity \ in large quantities__________
III.重点句型
1. The tubes were attached to a long stick __________helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction.
2. But ______everybody wanted to use rockets in battles.
3. The rockets were _______(light), there was a huge explosion.
4. ________(follow) this, Yuan Longpin’s rice was exported to other countries, such as Pakistan and the Philippines.
5. Stephen Hawking has spent his career at Cambridge University, _________he became Professor of Physics in 1977.
6. It is awarded each year to people______have ___________(advance)human development by improving the quality, quantity or availability of food in the world。