2021高考英语一轮复习词汇语篇模式主题语境二人与社会Topic32降与医疗教学案含作业

高考英语一轮复习词汇语篇模式主题语境二人与社会:
Topic 32 健康与医疗
健康(Health)
health, symptom, ________ [ˌenə'dʒetIk]10,keep fit/healthy, ________ [kən'teIn]57, work out, exercise, in the long term, in the short term, go on a diet, vital/important/ indispensable/key/necessary, potential
医疗(Medical Treatments)
affect, ________ [sə'vaIv]36,develop, sick,disease, illness, cancer, headache, overweight， shock, disabled, blind, deaf, heart attack, flu, choke, AIDS, lame, toothache, infection, harm, hurt, injure/injury, wound, blood, pain, burn,ache, bleed, ________ ['sʌfə(r)]56,serious, sharp，symptom, temperature, ________ [sI'vIə(r)]6, weak, upset, side effect，abnormal, acute, dizzy, fever, sneeze, swell, unconscious, pressure, stress, risk, in low/high spirits, wear out, mental, physical, psychological, tired, lifestyle, ________ ['daIət]40,weight, cigarette, tobacco, virus, poison, health care, allergic, pulse, pump, immune system, factor, emotion, treatment, cure, ________ [rI'kʌvə(r)]32,rescue, have an operation/operate on, get over, die of/from, examine, nurse, emergency, care for, take care of, first aid, ________ [rI'liːf]25,ambulance, chemist, clinic, ward, prescription, bandage, X­ray, medical guidance, surgery, drug, medicine，capsule, pill, tablet, herb, ________ [skwiːz]3
energetic; contain; survive; suffer; severe; diet; recover; relief; squeeze
contain
①(2019·天津高考)Each contains five bedrooms, toilet facilities, and a shared kitchen with a fridge and cupboard.
②Hearing the amusing story, John couldn't contain his amusement any more.
(1)根据汉语提示填空
①They ________ (含有) a harmful chemical that caused my liver to fail.
②I was so furious I just couldn't ________ (抑制) myself.
答案：①contain ②contain
(2)选词填空：include/contain
①The city ________ schools of art, law, medicine and science.
②The meal ________ steak.
答案：①contains ②includes
(3)单句语法填空
①She was unable ________ (contain) her excitement.
②I received a letter ________ (contain) some important information about the project.
③Tractors and ________ (contain) lorries have distracted the road.
④I see that the basket ________ (contain) fruits.
答案：①to contain ②containing ③container ④contains
(1)vt. 包含；含有；容纳 if sth. contains sth. else, it has that thing inside it or as part of it
(2)vt. 控制，克制，抑制(感情) to keep your feelings under control
contain为“包含；容纳”之意时，不用于进行时。

contain：多指包含所含之物的全部，还指某种物质含有某种成分或其他物质。

侧重含的量与成分；
include：多指包含所含之物的一部分。

强调整体与部分的关系。

container n. 容器；集装箱
vital
(2019·天津高考)We're taught to read because it's necessary for much of human
understanding. Reading is a vital part of my life.
(1)根据首字母或汉语提示填空
①It was ________ (至关重要的) to show that he was not afraid.
②Interest is as v________ to learning as the ability to understand, even more so.
答案：①vital ②vital
(2)单句语法填空
①(2019·天津高考)Understanding history is vital to ________ (understand) ourselves as a people and as a nation.
②As far as we all are concerned, consideration for other people is vital ________ all of us.
③As for the work, it is vital ________ (keep) accurate records.
答案：①understanding ②to/for ③to keep
(3)单句写作
①______________________ (至关重要的是) we should never lower safety standards as life is the most important in the world.
②Consideration for other people ____________________ (对……极其重要) all of us.
③As far as I'm concerned, ________________ (重要的是) keep accurate records.
答案：①It's vital that ②is vital to ③it is vital to
adj. 对……极重要的；必不可少的 necessary or essential in order for sth. to succeed or exist
be of vital importance ……至关重要的
be vital for/to sth. 对……极为重要
It_is_vital to do sth. 做某事很重要
It is vital that ... (should)_do sth. ……是十分重要的
在句型“It is vital/important that ...”中，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即“(should＋)动词原形”。

survive
①Having survived that night, we were confident that everything else would be all right.
②It's said that the woman survived her husband by 10 years.
③It's fortunate that all of the family survived the terrible earthquake.
(1)根据句意写出加黑词的最佳释义
①Several of th ose who survived the accident have been taken to hospital.________
②Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony of nature.________
③Most women will survive their spouses.________
答案：①幸免于难；幸存②生存；存活；继续存在③比……活得长
(2)单句语法填空
①________ (survive) of the accident were rushed to the nearest hospital in no time.
②(2017·江苏高考)Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our ________ (survive)．
答案：①Survivors ②survival
(3)单句写作
①一些奇怪的风俗是从更早些时候流传下来的。

_________________________________________________________________
②在过去那些日子，没有药能帮助人们治疗好心脏病而生存下来。

_________________________________________________________________
答案：①Some strange customs have survived from earlier times. ②In the old days, there were no drugs that could help people survive heart diseases.
(1)vi. 生存；存活；继续存在 to continue to live or exist
(2)vt. 比……活(或存在)的时间长 to live or exist longer than sb./sth.
(3)vt. 幸免于难；幸存；艰难度过 to continue to live or exist despite a dangerous event or time
diet
①(2017·天津高考)Worried about my health, I tried many different kinds of diets but nothing worked.
②(2019·天津高考)I eat what I consider a fairly healthy diet.
③She's always dieting but she never seems to lose any weight.
(1)根据首字母或汉语提示填空
①You ought to d________ and take more exercise.
②She has been going on a d________ with the help of her doctor.
③(2019·天津高考)It is necessary to change our ________ (日常饮食) regularly.
答案：①diet ②diet ③diet
(2)单句语法填空
①He is on ________ diet to reduce some weight.
②I am a little overweight. I should go ________ a diet.
答案：①a ②on
(3)单句写作
It's the same in China—many people, some of whom are not overweight at all, are always ________________ (节食) or taking weight­loss pills, which are often dangerous.
答案：going on a diet
(1)n. 规定饮食(为健康或减肥等目的)；规定饮食的时期 a limited variety or amount of food that you eat for medical reasons or because you want to lose weight; a time
when you only eat this limited variety or amount
(2)n. 日常饮食；日常食物 the food that you eat and drink regularly
(3)vi. 节食；进规定饮食 to eat less food or only food of a particular type in order to lose weight
be on a diet 在节食(强调状态)
go on a diet 节食(强调动作)
put_sb._on a diet 限制某人饮食
recover
①He's still recovering from his operation.
②(2019·天津高考)And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare, the switch allows the original prey to recover.
③The police have recovered the stolen car.
④It took her a few minutes to recover consciousness.
(1)根据句意写出加黑词的最佳释义
①In 2012, I had just recovered from a serious illness when I received an invitation to a writer's conference in Orlando, Florida.________
②She seemed upset but quickly recovered herself.________
③We worked hard to recover the lost time.________
答案：①恢复健康②恢复③找回
(2)单句语法填空
①The patient is still recovering ________ his operation.
②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)In these places patients can go to be near nature during their ________ (recover)．
③The doctor says he is ________ faster than expected and that sunshine, fresh air and proper rest will do good to his ________. (recover)
④It took him minutes ________ (recover) from his breath after a long running.
⑤Three days later, Jane ________ (recover) her lost wallet.
答案：①from ②recovery ③recovering; recovery ④to recover ⑤recovered
(1)vi. 恢复健康；康复；痊愈 to get well again after being ill/sick, hurt, etc.
(2)vi. 复原；恢复常态 to return to a normal state after an unpleasant or unusual experience or a period of difficulty
(3)vt. 找回；寻回；找到 to get back or find sth. that was lost, stolen or missing
(4)vt. 恢复；重新控制 to get back the use of your senses, control of your emotions, etc.
recover sth. 找回某物；恢复(能力、健康等)
recover from ... 从……中得到恢复
recovery n. 恢复；回升，复苏
squeeze
①Just take hold of the tube and squeeze.
②Cut the lemon in half and squeeze the juice out into the bowl.
(1)根据句意写出加黑词的最佳释义
①He squeezed her hand and smiled at her.________
②He took off his wet clothes and squeezed the water out.________
答案：①挤压；捏②(从某物中)榨出，挤出，拧出
(2)介词填空
①The bus was full, but I managed to squeeze ________.
②You should squeeze ________ some time to visit your old friends.
③The dog squeezed ________ the small hole in the wall.
④I squeezed myself ________ a crowded bus with great difficulty.
答案：①in ②out ③through ④into/in
(1)vt. 挤压；捏 to press sth. firmly, especially with your fingers
(2)vt. (从某物中)榨出，挤出，拧出 to get liquid out of sth. by pressing or twisting it hard
Ⅰ.七选五
(2020·石家庄市重点高中高三毕业班摸底考试)Many people believe that there is some truth in the saying “Laughter is the best medicine.\” __1__ Laughter helps relieve pain, strengthen the immune system and reduce stress. Laughter stimulates (激发) hormones which make us feel happy. Laughter also increases the flow of blood throughout the body and has benefits which are similar to the ones you get by doing exercise.
__2__ Children exposed to funny films and cartoons before major medical procedures are able to cope better with pain and anxiety. __3__ These are professional clowns who are sent to hospitals and wards to entertain and distract sick children.
Laughter therapy has become very popular in recent years and as a result, more and more laughter clubs are starting to open up in cities and towns all over the world. At a laughter session, a trained therapist instructs the group to perform a series of exercises which are designed to produce laughter. __4__ And it takes them some time to get rid of their inhibitions (拘谨). They might even start off with fake laughter, but this doesn't matter because our bodies can't tell the difference, and the results are the same. Moreover, laughter is contagious (有感染力的)．__5__ So next time you feel ill, stressed out or depressed, try watching a funny film or try remembering an amusing incident in your life. You will soon feel better.
A．If one person starts giggling, it is unavoidable that everyone else will be drawn in.
B．Laughter helps you focus.
C．This finding has led to so－called clown doctors.
D．In fact, research done by scientists has shown that laughter has a lot of health benefits.
E. Laughter makes the world a better and more colorful place.
F．Some people may find the idea embarrassing at first.
G．Using laughter therapy in children's hospitals has proven to be invaluable.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。

笑对人体健康有诸多好处。

笑疗法已被证明是非常有效的，全世界各地专业的笑疗法治疗机构越来越多。

笑不但可以传达人的积极情绪，而且对人体健康有诸多好处(there are many benefits to human health)，所以，生活中多笑一笑，没有什么大不了！
1．D'根据设空前的“Laughter is the best medicine.”和设空后的内容可知，笑对人体健康有诸多好处，故D项“实际上，由科学家做出的研究表明笑对健康有很多益处”符合语境，承上启下。

2．G'根据设空后一句可知，孩子在进行重大手术之前，看滑稽的电影和卡通片能够更好地应付痛苦和焦虑，故G项“在儿童医院使用笑疗法被证明是极有用的”符合语境，且该项中的“children's hospitals”与设空后的“Children”呼应。

3．C'根据设空后一句可知，这些都是专业的小丑，他们被派往医院和病房以逗乐生病的孩子，分散他们的注意力；故可推知，C项“这一调查结果导致了所谓的小丑医生的诞生”符合语境。

4．F'根据设空后的“their inhibitions (拘谨)”可知，F项“这个主意刚开始可能会让一些人难为情”符合语境，衔接下文。

5．A'根据设空前一句可知，笑声是有感染力的，故A项“如果一个人开始咯咯地笑，其他人也会无法避免地跟着笑”符合语境，承接上文。

①im mune adj. 有免疫力的②throughout prep. 自始至终；贯穿整个时期③session n. 会议④expose to 暴露于；使处于……的影响之下
(第二段第二句)Children exposed to funny films and cartoons before major medical procedures are able to cope better with pain and anxiety.
译文：在主要的医疗程序之前，接触有趣的电影和动画片的儿童能够更好地应付疼痛和焦虑。

分析：本句中，exposed to funny films and cartoons before major medical procedures 为过去分词短语作定语。

Ⅱ.完形填空
(2019·北大附中高考英语模拟试卷(3月份))
Rediscovery
I used to be a happy child with a loving family and many friends. I had a __1__ that could brighten a cold winter day and I had a special love for life.
At twelve, my life had a huge breakdown. It was then that I __2__ OCD (强迫症).
I started to wash my hands ten times an hour, and I constantly checked my kitchen oven to make sure that it was off. This way of life continued for four painful years, and by then, my OCD had led to depression (抑郁). I was no longer the __3__ little girl I had been.
In the tenth grade I finally __4__ to my mother that I was suffering from depression along with my OCD. My mom took me to a doctor and I started taking __5__. Over a few months, the medicine did help the OCD, but I still was struggling with depression.
One autumn evening, I hit rock bottom. I thought suicide (自杀) was the only __6__ to my depression problem, so I decided to write a suicide note. As I was finishing it, my eyes fell on a photo. It was a __7__ of an adorable little girl, wearing her red soccer uniform and holding a bike helmet. She had a bright smile that showed she was full of life.
It took me a few minutes to __8__ who the girl in the photo was. The photo had been taken when I was seven years old. I almost couldn't believe that smiling child was me. I felt a chill go down my spine (脊柱). It was like my younger self had sent me a __9__. Right then and there I knew I couldn't kill myself. Once I had been a strong little girl, and I had to become strong like that again.
I tore up my suicide note and __10__ that I would not rely only on my medicine.
I would have to fight the depression with my mind, too. I could make myself happy again.
It has been two years since I __11__ myself. The real reason I am healed is that I took action and refused to let depression __12__ my life. I learned a lifelong lesson: Never give up. Everyone has challenges in life, but everyone can __13__. I am living proof of that.
Now I am prepared for whatever challenges life may bring. I have a role model to __14__ up to for strength, and who is guiding me __15__ life. My hero is a seven­year­old girl, smiling back at me from a photo on my desk.
篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。

作者曾经患有强迫症和抑郁症，一度想自杀，但小时候自己面带微笑的照片给了自己同病魔作斗争的勇气。

同时作者也得出人生感悟：每个人一生中都面临着各种挑战，只要有信心和勇气，就能战胜它们。

1．A．dream B．thought
C．hope D．smile
答案：D 根据下文作者七岁时拍的照片，一个面带微笑的女孩，可知答案为D。

2．A．prevented B．treated
C．developed D．discovered
答案：C 句意：那时候作者患有强迫症，一小时洗十次手。

develop “发展，患有”，符合文意，故答案为C。

3．A．pretty B．happy
C．popular D．lovely
答案：B 根据上下文，作者的强迫症导致抑郁症，不再是曾经的那个快乐的(happy)女孩。

可知答案为B。

4．A．admitted B．suggested
C．showed D．replied
答案：A 根据后文，作者的妈妈带她去看医生，可知作者向妈妈承认了患有抑郁症和强迫症。

admit “承认”，符合文意，故答案为A。

5．A．classes B．medicine
C．exercise D．notes
答案：B 根据下文，几个月期间，药确实对强迫症有帮助，可知此处是开始吃药(medicine)。

答案为B。

6．A．response B．door
C．entrance D．solution
答案：D 作者认为自杀是解决抑郁问题的唯一途径，solution “方法，方案”，符合文意，故答案为D。

7．A．picture B．figure
C．model D．shadow
答案：A 根据上文的“photo”可知应选picture。

故答案为A。

8．A．explain B．realize
C．question D．describe
答案：B 句意：作者花了几分钟的时间才意识到照片上的女孩是谁。

realize “意识到”，符合文意，故答案为B。

9．A．gift B．card
C．message D．letter
答案：C 根据上文，小时候的面带微笑的照片给了自己一个启示：曾经自己是一个坚强的女孩，必须再次变成那样。

message “启示，信息”，符合文意，故答案为C。

10．A．advised B．doubted
C．promised D．imagined
答案：C 句意：作者撕碎自杀遗书，并且承诺不仅要依靠药物同抑郁作斗争。

promise “承诺，答应”，符合文意，故答案为C。

11．A．rejected B．replaced
C．recalled D．rediscovered
答案：D reject “拒绝，摒弃”；recall “回忆”；replace “替代”；rediscover “再次发现”。

句意：自从再次发现自我已经两年了。

可知答案为D。

12．A．risk B．abandon
C．ruin D．waste
答案：C 作者痊愈的原因是采取行动并且拒绝让抑郁毁掉自己的生活。

ruin “毁掉”，符合文意，故答案为C。

13．A．escape B．quit
C．recover D．survive
答案：D escape “逃跑”；quit “停止，放弃”；recover “恢复”；survive “熬过，挺过”，根据下文，“我”就是活的证据，可知作者要表达：每个人一生中都会遇到挑战，但是每个人都能挺过来的。

可知答案为D。

14．A．come B．look
C．make D．add
答案：B come up to “达到；符合；将近”；look up to “尊敬”；make up “编造，弥补”；add up to “总计达”。

作者有一个令人尊敬的榜样带给她力量。

可知答案为B。

15．A．through B．over
C．across D．from
答案：A over “在期间”，而through是“度过”。

语境为，作者的“榜样”引导她度过一生。

故答案为A。

Ⅲ.语法填空
(2019·安徽省合肥市高三第一次教学质量检测)Some people are great at remembering faces. Once they meet you, they never forget how you look, while for other people, remembering a face is __1__ (simple) impossible. Such people have a condition of the brain called “face blindness”， __2__ actual name is developmental prosopagnosia (人面失认症), or DP for short.
There was a time when face blindness __3__ (think) to be rare. But recent __4__ (study) have shown that it might be more common than experts had thought. The latest study on face blindness came from Duchaine, __5__ professor of psychological and brain sciences at Dartmouth College. He wanted to find out __6__ the testees could re－cognize pictures of famous people or not. So he used fMRI to measure activities in their brains. An fMRI can identify chemical and other changes __7__ (result) from blood flow.
Results showed that when __8__ (show) famous faces, the testees drew a blank with them. But they could identify the actor who has one specific feature, such as his special chin or moustache. Duchaine said this study __9__ (it) would not directly lead to any treatments. However, he said it could lead to a much __10__ (deep) understanding of how we remember the world around us.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了有关脸盲症的信息和最新研究，该研究有助于我们就如何记住周围的世界有一个更深的了解。

1．simply'考查词性转换。

修饰形容词impossible应用副词，所以答案是simply。

2．whose'考查定语从句的引导词。

分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，作actual name的定语，所以答案是whose。

3．was thought'考查动词的时态和语态。

根据该句中的“There was a time”可知，应用一般过去时；分析句子结构可知，此处是sth. be thought to be为被动结构，意为“某物被认为……”。

所以答案是was thought。

4．studies'考查名词。

根据空前的recent以及空后的have shown可知，此处应用名词的复数形式，所以答案是studies。

5．a'考查冠词。

分析句子结构可知，“__5__ professor of psychological and brain sciences”是Duchaine的同位语，此处泛指一位教授，故用不定冠词；且professor的发音以辅音音素开头，所以答案是a。

6．whether/if'考查宾语从句的连接词。

分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，同时结合句意及句末的or not可知，连接词应是whether或if。

所以答案是whether/if。

7．resulting'考查非谓语动词。

分析句子结构可知，本句已经有谓语can identify，故此处应用现在分词短语作后置定语，所以答案是resulting。

8．shown'考查非谓语动词。

分析句子结构可知，when引导状语从句，空处为the testees were shown的省略形式，所以答案是shown。

9．itself'考查代词。

根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处作this study的同位语，应用反身代词，指“这项研究本身”，所以答案是itself。

10．deeper'考查形容词的比较级。

根据空前的a much以及空后的understanding可知，空处应用形容词的比较级，表示“对于如何记住我们周围的世界有一个更深的了解”，所以答案是deeper。

【重点语法】
Ⅳ.写作新题型——概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Online Pharmacy (药店): A Foreseeable Trend
Online pharmacies may replace corner drugstores in the future, which would be of benefit to all of us. Sadly, current Federal Drug Admi－nistration (FDA) restrictions prevent many Americans from gaining access to the medicines they require online. Fortunately, online pharmacies offer these drugs and provide patients with more treatment options at lower prices. Those calling for the restrictions are wrong. Online pharmacies are crucial to numerous people.
While some drugs sold online aren't FDA－approved, customers shouldn't be prevented from buying them. Many of the herbal remedy (草药) online pharmacies offer have been used for hundreds of years, especially in Asian countries, and they have strong safety records. Other medicines may come from foreign countries, but they aren't harming the people who use them in their own countries. Take depression pills as an example. It has been used safely for many years in France and other European countries, yet it's just now being tested in the US.
Nowadays, just getting in to see a doctor seems to take forever, not to mention
the time and money to get tests done and await the results. Thanks to the Internet, customers now know more about available medicines than ever before and are therefore able to take them without having to consult a doctor. The Internet, after all, is filled with information about all kinds of drugs. Much of it has even been written by doctors and pharmaceutical companies themselves.
Another issue to consider is money. Health care costs in America are rising every year, and pharmaceutical companies are making billions. Online pharmacies typically sell their drugs at lower prices than hospital pharmacies and corner drugstores. Consumers shouldn't be blamed for seeking cheaper alternatives and refusing to line the pockets of already wealthy companies and stores.
写前导读：本文是一篇议论文。

作者认为网上药店很重要，并分析了网上药店很重要的原因。

[精彩范文]
Despite the current FDA restrictions, online pharmacies are important. (要点1) They shouldn't be banned because medicines are tested safe in real life or other countries. (要点2) People have better access to online medical information to treat themselves, saving the trouble of seeing a doctor. (要点3) They turn to online pharmacies because of the lower prices. (要点4)。