2022-2023学年浙江省杭州市西湖区学军中学高二(上)期末英语试卷(含答案解析)

2022-2023学年浙江省杭州市西湖区学军中学高二（上）期末英
语试卷
A
Copenhagen has GREAT public transport.It is reliable，safe，and easily accessible.Of course，like everything in Copenhagen，it is not cheap.The system can be a little confusing，even for locals，but we're here to help simplify it all for you!And today our focus is Travelling with a Bike.
BIKES ON THE TRAIN
Bicycles can be taken on s-tog lines for free but you can't take bikes through Nørreport station during peak hours.To take your bike on a train，you need to put it on the first or last carriage，clearly marked with large signs of bicycles on the outside.
To take a bike on a regional train，which takes you to parts of Denmark outside Copenhagen，you must buy an extra ticket.The price depends on the distance and varies from 16 kr to 28 kr.
BIKES ON THE METRO
Bicycles can be taken on the metro for an extra 13 kr.You need to pay for the bike with its own ticket.You can't take your bike on the metro during peak hours.
BIKES ON THE BUS
You can bring a bike on a bus but each bus is limited to two bikes，even if there is much space.Generally，people do not travel with their bikes on buses in Copenhagen.
BIKES ON THE FERRY（渡轮）
Charges for bicycles depend on the company and the destination.You will need to check with the ferry companies.When you book the ticket，you must state that you have a cycle，even if it's free of charge.
1. Who is this text probably intended for？______
A. Tourist guides.
B. Bike travelers.
C. Local citizens.
D. Ticket inspectors.
2. On which public transport can you take a bike for free？______
A. A peak time s-tog train.
B. A weekday regional train.
C. An off-peak metro train.
D. A weekend ferry.
3. What is the disadvantage of bringing a bike on a bus？______
A. Buses are too crowded.
B. It's against the local custom.
C. Availability is not guaranteed.
D. It's not welcomed by other passengers.
B
Whenever I ask to go to the movies，my mom's first response is always "No!" When I want to go dancing，she adds a firm "No!No!No!" for emphasis.She claims she is only trying to protect me from what she calls "bad elements".
On a sunny day，Mom rejected my request to go to West Indian Day Parade and insisted I accompany her as she worked cleaning a large house.I followed her to a grand dining room，watching her apply
lemon-scented polish to the furniture.I imagined my friends dressing up in fancy costumes，enjoying the celebratory time at the parade.I glared at my mother，hoping she could feel the anger I was directing her way.
But as I watched，my emotions began to change.I noticed how tenderly she rubbed her dusting cloth along a large piano in the corner. "Is this like your piano in Guyana，Mom？" I asked. "Yes.This baby grand piano is exactly like the one my Dad bought me when I was your age." Her sigh was full of longing.
I knew that my mother had been a talented pianist.I vaguely recalled dancing under the piano when she practiced for hours every day.Now she could barely play for our church choir because her fingers were from so many days spent cleaning other people's homes.
"Stop!" Mrs.Smithers，the homeowner，yelled，"That's a very valuable instrument!"
"I am well aware of that." she said slowly，"I play for my church."
"But that's not a church-music piano.We play classical music on that piano."
I watched as my mother's eyes narrowed and her face tightened.I felt the same tightening in my chest. "You don't know anything about us …or pianos!" I screamed.Immediately I worried I had done something wrong，but I also felt the tightening in my chest loosened.
I waited for my mother to blame me，but instead she glanced my way，smiling proudly. "That's all I have time for today.My daughter and I are going to the e on，love."
"But Veronica，you will return next week，right？"
"No!" said my mother，"No!No!No!"
4. The underlined word "gnarled" in paragraph 4 probably means ______ .
A. rough and twisted
B. clean and swift
C. painful but sensitive
D. bent but flexible
5. What do you know about the mother according to the article？______
A. She regretted being a cleaning woman.
B. She quit her hobby to support the family.
C. She refused the daughter's request due to the tight budget.
D. She wished her daughter to become a well-respected pianist.
6. How did the writer's attitude toward her mother change on the day？______
A. From critical to ashamed.
B. From fearful to respectful.
C. From pitiful to understanding.
D. From angry to sympathetic.
7. What does the story mainly want to express？______
A. Don't look down upon those inferior to you.
B. Reaching out for those in trouble can be rewarding.
C. Understanding others' experiences helps identify with them.
D. Don't abandon your idea even if one shows strong disagreement.
C
Workers，and possibly all people，can be divided into two groups.Those who like to be involved in everything and can be labeled "FOMOs" because they suffer from a "fear of missing out".Then there are those who would simply want to be left to get on with their own particular work，without distraction—the "JOMOs" （joy of missing out）.
If the boss announces a new project，do you immediately volunteer，thinking this will be a great chance to prove your skills？If so，you are a FOMO.Or do you foresee the trouble involved，the likely failure of the project，and the weekend emails from all the FOMOs wanting to spend less time with their families？Then you are a certified JOMO.Another test is technology.FOMOs are early users，picking up the latest devices and sending documents to colleagues through the latest file-sharing programme.JOMOs tend to believe that any technology upgrade will be troublesome in the beginning and wonder why on earth their colleagues can't send the document everyone has been familiar with.
Networking events are the kind of thing that gets FOMOs excited as a chance to exchange ideas and make contacts.When JOMOs hear the word "networking"，they reach for their noise-cancelling earphones.For them，being made to attend an industry cocktail party is rather like being forced to attend the wedding of someone they hardly know---a social suffering.Similarly，when it comes to business travel，FOMOs can't wait to experience the delight of overseas conferences and visiting new places.It will all look good on their CV.JOMOs know that such travel involves lots of discomforts like crowded airline seats.The final destination turns out to be nothing more than a common conference centre or hotel that they forget five minutes after they have left.While they recognize that they have to attend some meetings and go on trips to get their work done，JOMOs regard such things as a self-punishment instead of a privilege.Something useful may come out of it，but best not to get their hopes up.
It might seem obvious that employers should look to hire FOMOs，not their opposites.After all，in a company full of JOMOs，sales might suffer and there would be little innovation.But while FOMOs are racing from meeting to networking events，employers need a few JOMOs to be doing actual work.The other reason why depending on FOMOs is dangerous is that they are naturally restless.JOMOs will be loyal，for fear of ending up with a worse employer.But FOMOs may think that working for one company means they are missing out on better conditions at another.That is the point of most networking，after all.
8. Which of the following best describe FOMOs？______
A. Excited about the networking events.
B. Finding it annoyed to use latest devices.
C. Hesitating to get involved in a new project.
D. Showing no interest in building up social relationship.
9. When it comes to business travel，what do JOMOs tend to do？______
A. Enjoy the conferences and the overseas trip
B. Believe it will enrich their working experience
C. Finish their work without too much expectations
D. Complain about something uncomfortable during the trip.
10. According to the author，why is it dangerous to depend on FOMOs？______
A. They don't do any actual work at all.
B. They usually end up with a worse employer.
C. They don't improve sales and have little innovation.
D. They may leave for better job chances in other company.
11. What is author's attitude towards JOMOs？______
A. Indifferent
B. Positive
C. Doubtful
D. Critical
D
Sleeper trains occupy a romantic corner of any traveler's soul.One of Hercule Poirot's most fascinating adventures takes place on the Simplon Orient Express，which used to run from Paris to Istanbul.A famous scene in Alfred Hitchcock's "North by Northwest" features a night train entering a tunnel.James Bond，meanwhile，detects a spy on a sleeper train after noticing him behave suspiciously in the dining car.
In some parts of the world，the nostalgia（怀旧）lives on.The Caledonian Sleeper，complete with smartly dressed waiters，neeps and tatties （白萝卜泥和土豆泥）and a selection of whiskies，is the best way to travel between London and Scotland. Flights across Europe have become so cheap that fewer and fewer travelers bother with sleeper trains.Sensing that the end is approaching.Andrew Martin，a British writer，has written a book about the sleeper.
"Night Trains" is a brief history of the mode，combined with accounts of journeys Mr.Martin has taken on sleeper routes across Europe.The reader joins him on a train Munich，where he eats a tuna sandwich on board.Travelling from Paris to Venice，he thinks he has been robbed of ﹩105.The service to Nice is cancelled，yet such is his love for sleeping aboard that he spends the night on the train as it sits on the platform.
These stories make clear that the golden age of the sleeper train is long past.How different things were in the 19th century，when a passenger on the Orient Express could dine on delicacies and good wines.The only modern-day sleeper train which comes up to the Mr.Martin's exacting standards is the Nordland，
which travels towards northern Norway.
Those who have no experience of the sleeper trains often ask sleeper enthusiasts："Do you sleep？" After a read of Mr.Martin's book，the answer would seem to be a definite "no"：the noise of the train wake him up time and again.Still，it is hard not to be won over by his enthusiasm.Catch the sleeper train，before it's too late.
12. What can we learn from the underlined sentence in paragraph two？______
A. Sleeper trains are the last means of transportation for travelers.
B. Travelers tend to fall asleep toward the end of their trip.
C. Travelers are too exhausted to walk any longer.
D. Sleeper trains are becoming out of fashion.
13. What might readers get after reading the book Night Trains？______
A. They may enjoy the scenery on their journey from London to Scotland.
B. They can have the opportunity to travel on the best train in Europe.
C. They may have a basic understanding of the history of sleeper trains.
D. They may get all the answers to their questions about the sleeper trains.
14. What can be inferred from the last paragraph？______
A. The noise of the train makes it impossible for travelers to sleep well.
B. Readers may be discouraged from riding on sleeper trains.
C. The writer of the passages suggests not spending nights aboard.
D. For enthusiasts，the love for sleepers outweighs the inconvenience caused.
15. What is the author's purpose of writing the passage？______
A. To introduce readers to a new book about sleeper trains.
B. To compare the advantages of sleeper trains in different periods.
C. To inform the readers of the rise and fall of sleeper trains.
D. To recall readers' memory of an old-fashioned means of transportation.
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Have you ever complained that there just aren't enough hours in a day？Do you usually find yourself falling short on time in completing assigned tasks？(1) No matter how hard I tried，tasks just kept piling up towards the end every day and it became extremely difficult to stay productive.In spite of trying all kinds of free and paid to-do apps，nothing helped.
That didn't change until I discovered the time management technique called Time Blocking.Since then，I have been able to transform my daily schedule for the better with the help of Time Blocking. (2)
It is a simple time management technique where you schedule your day such that it is divided into time blocks that are dedicated to specific tasks or groups of tasks. (3) Imagine that you have a dozen or so tasks
that you want to finish working on tomorrow.You open your to-do app of choice and neatly list down everything that you plan to do，and then plot some important meetings and reminders in your calendar app.
(4) The more specific you are about the task，the more focused and productive you will be and thus，more productive.
(5) It not only makes your to-do list more manageable，but also it gives you more control over your day and helps you prioritize your tasks.It also improves your focus and helps get rid of procrastination（拖延症），as it allows you to focus on one project at a time.
A.So what is it exactly？
B.Is everyone interested in it？
C.I used to be in the same boat.
D.The benefits of Time Blocking are considerable.
E.Let's further explain the concept in another way.
F.You'll encounter countless questions like these in your life.
G.You'll need to be very specific about the time and what you're planning to do.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
F. F
G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
F. F
G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
F. F
G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
F. F
G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
F. F
G. G
Five years ago，a friend asked me to look after his cat while he went on holiday，and I realized the idea had potential on a bigger scale.So I moved to London and decided to(21) cat sitting.
For me，cat sitting is about(22) two groups of people who need what the other can offer.I get to stay in people's(23) without rent while they're on holiday.The owners get(24) cat sitting.It also means that there is someone to keep an eye on their homes while they are away.It seems a fairer(25) than just watering plants or walking dogs — I'm more of a cat person.
I have always loved cats，and their gentle temper makes them ideal(26) for someone working from home.Cats have such different personalities，so it's not surprising that I(27) more with some than others.An owner once told me not to(28) her cat to sit on me，as it had happened only once.But just four days later，the cat came over and sat on my lap.I sent her a photo!
Cat sitting helps me with my(29) anxiety disorder，too.I want to be around people，but sometimes I
can't.Sometimes，this anxiety even(30) me from leaving the house.But since becoming a cat sitter my mental health has(31) .Having my own(32) gives me the power to plan my day.I can recharge when I need to and can go out and meet people when I want.The cats have(33) helped.
Now I have stayed in 25 houses，(34) 30 cats and saved more than 10，000 pounds that would have gone on(35) .One day I want to save up for a flat so I can have a cat of my own.
21. A. study B. start C. observe D. train
22. A. connecting B. judging C. comparing D. teaching
23. A. offices B. hearts C. lives D. homes
24. A. free B. tough C. serious D. possible
25. A. test B. game C. dream D. exchange
26. A. employers B. assistants C. instructors D. companions
27. A. hate B. bond C. mind D. trust
28. A. guide B. order C. expect D. scare
29. A. musical B. cultural C. social D. personal
30. A. saves B. discourages C. protects D. tells
31. A. improved B. suffered C. worsened D. formed
32. A. cat B. job C. flat D. space
33. A. hardly B. nearly C. really D. narrowly
34. A. attended to B. given away C. brought up D. left out
35. A. holiday B. rent C. sale D. credit
36. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

About the same time as modern humans pushed into Europe，some of the same group that had paused in the Middle East spread east into Central Asia，where they (1) （eventual）reached as far as Siberia，the Korean peninsula（半岛），and Japan.Here begins one of the last chapters in the human story—the peopling of the Americas.
Most scientists believe that today's Native Americans descend （是…的后裔）from ancient Asians
(2) crossed from Siberia to Alaska in the last ice age，when low sea levels would have exposed a land
bridge (3) the continents.They probably traveled along the coast—perhaps a few hundred people moving from one piece of land to the next，between a (4) （freeze）ocean and a wall of ice. "A (5) （coast）route would have been the easiest way in，" says Wells." But it still would have been a hell of a trip." Once across，they (6) （follow）the immense herds of animals into the mainland and spread to the tip of South America in as little as a thousand years.
Genetic researchers can only tell us the basic outlines of a story of human migration that is richer and
more complex than any ever (7) （write）.Most of the details of the movements of our ancestors and their countless individual lives in different times and places can only (8) （imagine）. (9) thanks to genetic researchers，themselves descendants of mt DNA Eve and Y-chromosome Adam，we have begun to (10) （lock）important secrets about the origins and movements of our ancient ancestors.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
37. 假定你是李华，是学校中国国学社团的社长。

伦敦孔子学院的学生来你校参加国学夏令营，请你在开营式上发言，内容包括：
（1）表示欢迎；
（2）介绍活动安排（比如诵读国学经典、参观孔子故里）；
（3）表达祝愿。

注意：
（1）词数80左右，开头已写好，不计字数。

（2）可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯
参考词汇：孔子学院Confucius Institute
Dear teachers，students and friends，________
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

As Christmas decorations appeared in town, our parents called my two younger brothers and me together. At first, I thought someone had died, because I had never seen my parents look so sad. My brothers and I stood waiting for the awful news.
Mom hugged me as she murmured, "Christmas is going to be different this year. We won't be having a tree or presents. We can barely afford food." Dad, resting on the couch, beckoned(招手示意) the boys into his arms. "Things will change when I get back to work."
My family was poorer than dirt. Dad, the only bread-earner in our family, worked in a coal mine. However, soon after returning to work at the end of a long strike, Dad was hurt in a rock fall that broke bones in his foot. Lying on the couch with the swollen foot high on pillows, he didn't talk or smile much. There was little to smile about. No work, no income.
At nine years old, I mothered my younger brothers: Rodney, aged six, and Stevie, three. We shared
a small bedroom. That night, after our parents' announcement, we talked.
Rodney began. "Em, did you see how sad Mommy and Daddy looked? I thought Mommy was gonna cry."
"Me, too. Daddy's foot's...this big" whispered Stevie, holding out his arms.
"Yeah... We're in hard times," I said. "It makes Mommy and Daddy sad."
"But we don't have to be sad," I added, hoping to brighten the mood.
"Since there are still several weeks to go, maybe we can do something to cheer them up," I said with overdone enthusiasm. The boys proposed, "We can take the money from our piggy bank..earn some more...and surprise them with gifts!"
"I can run errands(跑腿) for Aunt Em and neighbors to earn money," I offered.
"Yeah," Rodney added, "I and Stevie can return bottles and save the deposit money...instead of buying candy!" He pushed Stevie gently with his elbow.
"Yeah!" Stevie clutched his hands together.
We had a plan!
Until they nodded off, I coached my little brothers (especially Stevie) in ways to guard our secret. "Don't talk about it during the day."
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

We awoke in the morning, transforming from sad children to the secret agents on an important mission!
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
On Christmas morning, we hurried into the living room and handed the gifts to Mommy and Daddy.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。

根据第一段And today our focus is Travelling with a Bike.（今天我们的重点是骑自行车旅行。

）可知这篇文章可能是给自行车旅行者看的。

故选B。

（2）细节理解题。

根据BIKES ON THE TRAIN中的
Bicycles can be taken on s-tog lines for free but you can't take bikes through Nørreport station during pe ak hours. （自行车可以免费乘坐s-tog线，但在高峰时段不能通过Nørreport站。

）可知，高峰时
间s-tog列车上可以免费携带自行车。

故选A。

（3）细节理解题。

根据BIKES ON THE BUS中的
You can bring a bike on a bus but each bus is limited to two bikes，even if there is much space.Generally，people do not travel with their bikes on buses in Copenhagen. （你可以带一辆自行车上公共汽车，但
每辆公共汽车仅限于两辆自行车，即使有很大的空间。

一般来说，在哥本哈根人们不携带自行车乘公共汽车。

）可知，在公共汽车上携带自行车不能得到保证。

故选C。

本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了在哥本哈根的自行车旅行。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。

考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

4~7.【答案】A、B、D、C
【解析】（1）猜测词句题。

根据文章第三段
I noticed how tenderly she rubbed her dusting cloth along a large piano in the corner（我注意到她在角
落里的一架大钢琴上轻轻地擦着抹布）和第四段
Now she could barely play for our church choir because her fingers were from so many days spent cleaning other people's homes.（现在她几乎不能为我们的教堂唱诗班演奏了，因为她花了太多的时间打扫别人的房子，手指变得粗糙。

）可知gnarled的意思是"粗糙和扭曲的"。

A.rough and twisted 粗糙和扭曲的；B.clean and swift干净利落的；C.painful but sensitive痛苦但敏感的；
D.bent but flexible弯曲但灵活的。

故选A。

（2）推理判断题。

根据文章第四
段I knew that my mother had been a talented pianist.I vaguely recalled dancing under the piano when s he practiced for hours every day.Now she could barely play for our church choir because her fingers wer
e from so many days spent cleaning other people's homes.（我知道我的母亲曾经是一位才华横溢的钢琴家。

我依稀记得她每天练几个小时的时候在钢琴下跳舞。

现在她几乎不能为我们的教堂唱诗班演奏了，因为她花了太多的时间打扫别人的房子，手指变得粗糙。

）可知母亲为了赡养整个
家庭放弃了自己弹钢琴的爱好。

因此B.She quit her hobby to support the family.（为了养家，她放弃了自己的爱好。

）符合题意。

故选B。

（3）观点态度题。

根据文章第二段I glared at my mother，
hoping she could feel the anger I was directing her way.（我怒视着我的母亲，希望她能感受到我对她的愤怒。

）和倒数第三段I waited for my mother to blame me，but instead she glanced my way，smiling proudly. "That's all I have time for today.My daughter and I are going to the e on，love."（我等着妈妈责备我，但她却瞥了我一眼，骄傲地微笑着。

"这就是我今天的全部时间。

我女儿和我要去游行。

加油，亲爱的。

"）可知作者对她妈妈的态度从生气转向了同情。

A.From critical to ashamed.从批判到惭愧的；
B.From fearful to respectful.从恐惧到尊重的；
C.From pitiful to understanding.从可怜到理解的；
D.From angry to sympathetic.从愤怒到同情的。

故选D。

（4）主旨大意题。

根据文章第二段I glared at my mother，
hoping she could feel the anger I was directing her way.（我怒视着我的母亲，希望她能感受到我对她的愤怒。

）和倒数第三段I waited for my mother to blame me，but instead she glanced my way，smiling proudly. "That's all I have time for today.My daughter and I are going to the e on，love."（我等着妈妈责备我，但她却瞥了我一眼，骄傲地微笑着。

"这就是我今天的全部时间。

我女儿和我要去游行。

加油，亲爱的。

"）可知本文讲述了作者从对母亲的不理解，到同情母亲赡养家庭而放弃自己的爱好的态度的转变。

因此
C.Understanding others' experiences helps identify with them.（理解他人的经历有助于认同他们）符合题意。

故选C。

本文是一篇记叙文。

讲述了作者从对母亲的不理解，到同情母亲赡养家庭而放弃自己的爱好的态度的转变。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。

阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。

其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。

此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。

要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖
掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。

推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。

它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。

我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

8~11.【答案】A、C、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。

根据第一段中Those who like to be involved in everything and can be labeled "FOMOs" because they suffer from a "fear of missing out".（那些喜欢参与所有事情的人可以被贴上"FOMOs"的标签，因为他们患有一种"害怕错过的恐惧"。

）和第三段Networking events are the kind of thing that gets FOMOs excited as a chance to exchange ideas and make contacts.（社交活动是一种让FOMOs感到兴奋的事情，因为这是一个交流思想和建立联系的机会。

）可知，FOMOs喜欢参与各种活动，对社交活动感到兴奋。

故选A。

（2）细节理解题。

根据第三段中Similarly，when it comes to business travel...JOMOs know that such travel involves lots of discomforts like crowded airline seats.The final destination turns out to be nothing more than a common conference centre or hotel that they forget five minutes after they have left.While they recognize that they have to attend some meetings and go on trips to get their work done，JOMOs regard such things as a self-punishment instead of a privilege.Something useful may come out of it，but best not to get their hopes up.（同样，当谈到商务旅行时......JOMOs知道这种旅行会带来很多不适，比如拥挤的座位。

最终的目的地只不过是一个普通的会议中心或酒店，他们离开五分钟后就忘记了。

虽然他们认识到他们必须参加一些会议和旅行来完成他们的工作，但JOMOs认为这是一种自我惩罚，而不是一种特权。

可能会有一些有用的东西，但最好不要让他们抱太大希望。

）可知，JOMOs认为这是一种自我惩罚，由此判断，他们不会享受会议和海外旅行，排除A项；他们认为可能会有一些有用的东西，但最好不要让他们抱太大希望，因此不会相信这会丰富他们的工作经验，排除B项；JOMOs知道这种旅行会带来很多不适，但未涉及是否有抱怨情绪，排除D项；他们认识到他们必须参加一些会议和旅行来完成他们的工作，所以他们会在没有太多期望的情况下完成工作，C项符合文意，故选C。

（3）细节理解题。

根据最后一段中The other reason why depending on FOMOs is dangerous is that they are naturally restless...But FOMOs may think that working for one company means they are missing out on better conditions at another.That is the point of most networking，after all.（依赖FOMOs是危险的另一个原因是他们天生躁动不安......但FOMOs可能认为，为一家公司工作意味着他们错过了另一家公司更好的条件。

毕竟，这是大多数社交活动的目的。

）可知，作者认为依赖FOMO是危险的原因是他们可能会离开，去其他公司寻找更好的工作机会。

故选D。

（4）观点态度题。

根据最后一段中It might seem obvious that employers should look to hire FOMOs，not their opposites.After all，in a company full of JOMOs，sales might suffer and there would be little innovation.But while FOMOs are racing from meeting to networking events，employers need a few JOMOs to be doing actual work.The other reason why depending on FOMOs is dangerous is that they are naturally restless.JOMOs will be loyal，for fear of ending up with a worse employer.（很明显，雇主应该雇佣FOMOs，而不是他们的对立面。

毕竟，在一个全是JOMOs的公司里，销售可能会受到影响，也不会有什么创新。

但是，当FOMOs们忙于参加各种会议和社交活动时，雇主们需要一些JOMOs来做实际工作。

依赖FOMOs是危险的另一个原因是他们天生躁动不安。

JOMOs会很忠诚，因为他害怕最后会遇到一个更糟糕的雇主。

）可知，作者认为在一个全是JOMOs的公司里，销售可能会受到影响，也不会有什么创新。

但是JOMOs可以做实际工作且会对公司很忠诚，由此判断作者对JOMOs的态度并不明朗。

A.Indifferent漠不关心的；B.Positive表示赞同的；C.Doubtful不确定，不明朗；D.Critical 批评的。

故选C。

本文是一篇议论文。

文章主要论述了FOMOs和JOMOs这两类人的不同特点和表现。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。

考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

12~15.【答案】D、C、D、A
【解析】（1）语句猜测题。

作者在第二段段第一句 In some parts of the world，the nostalgia（怀旧）lives on.The Caledonian Sleeper，complete with smartly dressed waiters，neeps and tatties （白萝卜泥和土豆泥）and a selection of whiskies，is the best way to travel between London and Scotland.Elsewhere，however，sleepers are on their last legs（在世界的某些地方，怀旧之情依然存在。

喀里多尼亚的卧
铺车厢里有穿着时髦的侍者、勤杂工和衣衫褴褛的人，这是在伦敦和苏格兰之间旅行的最佳方式。

然而，在其他地方，卧铺火车已经过时。

）可知划线句子是意思是：卧铺火车正在过时。

A.Sleeper trains are the last means of transportation for travelers.卧铺列车是旅行者的最后一种交通工具；
B.Travelers tend to fall asleep toward the end of their trip.旅行者往往在旅行结束时睡着；
C.Travelers are too exhausted to walk any longer.旅行者们太累了，再也走不动了；
D.Sleeper trains are becoming out of fashion.卧铺列车正在过时。

故D项正确。

（2）推理判断题。

根据第三段第一句"Night Trains"is a brief history of the mode，combined with accounts of journeys Mr.Martin has taken on sleeper routes across Europe.（"Night Trains"是一本简史，结合马丁先生在欧洲各地的卧铺路线上的旅行记录。

）所以这本书涉及了卧铺火车的历史并介绍了Mr.Martin乘坐卧铺火车游历欧洲的经历。

由此判断出在阅读了Night Trains一书之后，读者可能对卧铺列车的历史有了基本的了解。

故C项正确。

（3）推理判断题。

根据文章最后一段Those who have no experience of the sleeper trains often ask。