(江苏专用)高考英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Helping people around the world练习(含解析)牛津译林版选修6

选修六 Unit 4 Helping people around the world
检测评价A卷
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．The story shows that ________ knowledge of ________ first aid can make ________ real difference.
A．the; the; / B．a; /; a
C．/; the; a D．a; /; /
解析：选B 句意：这个故事表明掌握急救知识确实能起很大的作用。

knowledge是不可数名词，一般前面不能加不定冠词，但a knowledge of sth.“掌握某方面的知识”，前面需加a；first aid前面不用加冠词；make a difference“有影响，有关系”，是固定短语，故选B项。

2．—May I try the jacket on?
—________， but I think it will be too large for you.
A．That all depends B．By all means
C．With pleasure D．You're welcome
解析：选B 考查情景交际。

句意：“我能试一下这个夹克吗？”“当然可以，但是我觉得你穿着太大了。

”That all depends“视情况而定”；By all means“一定，当然可以”；With pleasure“乐意效劳”；You're welcome“不客气”。

根据句意可知选B。

3．The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without ________ his notes.
A．bringing up B．referring to
C．looking for D．trying on
解析：选B 句意：总裁在这次商务会议上发表了近一个小时的讲话，而没有查阅他的笔记。

bring up“养育，抚养；提出；呕吐”；refer to“谈及，涉及；查阅，参考”；look for“寻找”；try on“试穿”。

根据句意可知选B。

4．How many times have you found yourself arriving at school to start your day, only ________ that you left your homework at home?
A．having discovered B．discovering
C．to discover D．discover
解析：选C 句意：有多少次你到达学校开始一天的学习时，却发现把作业忘在家里了？only to do sth.表示出乎意料的结果。

5．Frank's ability to learn from observation and experience ________ greatly to his success in public life.
A．owed B．contributed
C．attached D．related
解析：选B 考查动词辨析。

句意：弗兰克从观察和经验中学习的能力对他在社交生活中的成功起到了极大的促进作用。

contribute to表示“有助于；是……的原因之一”。

owe to“归功于；欠(债、情等)”；attach to“附上”；relate to“涉及；了解”。

6．________ your timely help, I wouldn't have finished the task on time.
A．But for B．Except for
C．As for D．For
解析：选A 句意：要不是你的及时帮助，我就不会按时完成这项任务。

根据后半句中wouldn't have finished可知是对过去发生的事情的假设，能表示假设的只有but for，意思是“要不是”，相当于if it hadn't been for ...。

故答案为A。

7．(2019·苏北四市模拟)—Andrey really brightens up when he sees his girl. She looks so cute.
—Yeah. The girl is ________. Fortunately, the girl resembles her mother!
A．the apple of his eye B．the salt of the earth
C．a dark horse D．feet of clay
解析：选A 句意：“安德烈看到女儿的时候面露喜色。

他女儿看起来特别可爱。

”“是的，女儿是他的掌上明珠。

幸运的是，女儿像妈妈！”the apple of one's eye “掌上明珠”；the salt of the earth “高尚的人，社会中坚”；a dark house “出人意料的获胜者”；feet of clay “内在缺陷，致命的弱点”。

8．Without the friction (摩擦力) between feet and the ground, people would ________ be able to walk.
A．in no time B．by all means
C．on any account D．in no way
解析：选D 句意：没有脚和地面的摩擦，人们就不能行走。

in no time“立刻，马上”；by all means“当然可以，一定，务必”；on any account“在任何情况下”；in no way“绝不”。

根据句意可知选D。

9．Only when you take great delight in reading and begin reading good books ________ the pleasure of reading.
A．do you taste B．you taste
C．you will taste D．will you taste
解析：选D 考查倒装。

当“only＋状语”位于句首时，其后句子要用部分倒装，故排除B、C两项。

此处是when引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用将来时，故D项正确。

10．In order to make contributions to the protection of the environment, the company encourages its workforce to make the switch to ________ means of transportation such as carpooling or biking to reduce air pollution.
A．primitive B．systematic
C．potential D．alternative
解析：选D 考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：为了给环保作贡献，公司鼓励全体员工改变交通方式以减少空气污染，如拼车或骑自行车。

alternative“两者择一的，可替代的”，符合句意。

primitive“原始的”；systematic“有系统的，有条理的”；potential“潜在的，可能的”。

11．According to the report, the government will hold a meeting ________ people can voice their opinions on today's global economy.
A．which B．where
C．when D．whose
解析：选B 句意：据报道，政府将举行一次会议，在会议上，人们可以说出他们对当今全球经济的看法。

本句为定语从句，先行词是a meeting，定语从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导定语从句，此处where相当于in which。

故选B。

12．________ he is enthusiastic and qualified for the job, I see no reason to remove him from office.
A．Even though B．Provided that
C．Unless D．As if
解析：选B 句意：如果他很热衷于工作，又能胜任工作，我认为没有理由解除他的职务。

provided that意为“如果”，符合句意。

even though意为“即使”；unless意为“除非”；as if意为“似乎”。

13．(2014·江苏高考)Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to ________ the soul of Qu Yuan.
A．remember B．remind
C．recover D．recall
解析：选D 考查动词辨析。

句意：传说端午节是为了召回屈原的灵魂。

recall“召回”，符合句意。

14．(2019·苏锡常镇模拟)We must be in a place of peace and faith, so internal conflict and disbelief do not hold back ________ it is possible for us to achieve.
A．how B．what
C．why D．where
解析：选B 句意：我们必须心平气和，心存信仰，这样内心的冲突和怀疑才不会阻碍
我们实现自己的目标。

在hold back后面的宾语从句中achieve缺少宾语，并且指物，故用what。

15．—I didn't see you at the concert last week.What a pity!
—If only I ________ the time.
A．afford B．afforded
C．had afforded D．would afford
解析：选C 考查虚拟语气。

句意：“很遗憾！上周的音乐会上没有看到你。

”“如果我能抽得出时间就好了。

”从第一句话看出答话者没有去听音乐会，再根据答语可知，此处是对过去情况的虚拟，因此选C。

Ⅱ.完形填空
There was nobody on the park bench as I sat down to read under the long branches of an old willow tree. I was __1__ with life, for the world always let me down.
At that time, a young boy out of breath walked __2__ me, tired of play. He stood right before me and said __3__，“Look what I found！”
In his hand was a flower, and what a __4__ sight, with its petals (花瓣) all falling. Wanting him to take his __5__ flower and go off to play, I gave him a small smile and then __6__ away.
However, instead of going away, he sat next to my side and placed the flower to his __7__ and said with surprise, “It sure smells pretty and it's beautiful, too. That's __8__ I picked it; here, it's for you.”
The weed before me was dying or dead. But I knew I must take it, or he might never leave. So I __9__ the flower, and replied, “Just what I need.”
But instead of placing the flower in my __10__，he held it mid­air without reason or plan. It was then that I __11__ for the very first time, that boy could not see: he was__12__.
I heard my __13__ quiver (颤抖), and tears shone like the sun as I thanked him for picking the very __14__ one. “You're welcome, ” he smiled, and then ran off to play, unaware of the influence he'd had __15__ me.
I sat there and wondered how he __16__ to see a self­pitying woman under an old willow tree. How did he know of my difficult situation? Perhaps from his heart, he'd had __17__ sight.
Through the __18__ of a blind child, at last I could see, the problem was not with the __19__； the problem was me. And for all of those times I myself had been blind, but now I was going to see beauty, and __20__ every second that's mine.
语篇解读：本文作者告诉我们：要发现生活中的美好，好好享受自己的每分每秒。

1．A.content B．disappointed
C．satisfied D．angry
解析：选B 根据下文“for the world always let me down”可知作者对人生很“失望(disappointed)”。

2．A.around B．away from
C．after D．towards
解析：选 D 根据下文“He stood right before me”可知小男孩是向我跑来。

walk towards“朝……走来”。

3．A.excitedly B．unhappily
C．angrily D．painfully
解析：选 A 男孩所说的“Look what I found！”透露出了兴奋之情，故此处选excitedly。

4．A.beautiful B．interesting
C．colorful D．pitiful
解析：选D 由下半句“with its petals (花瓣) all falling”可知此处选pitiful，意为“可怜的，令人同情的”。

5．A.dead B．lively
C．beautiful D．brightly
解析：选A 此处选dead，与上文“with its petals (花瓣) all falling ”和第五段首句“The weed before me was dying or dead.”呼应。

6．A.went B．turned
C．walked D．put
解析：选B 作者想打发小男孩离开，向他微微笑了笑，然后转过脸去不想再搭理他。

turn away意为“转过脸去”，符合文意。

由下文“he sat next to my side”可知，作者并没有起身离开，故可排除went和walked。

7．A.mouth B．ear
C．nose D．eye
解析：选C 由下文男孩所说的“It sure smells pretty”可知他是把花凑近鼻子来闻，故此题选nose。

8．A.what B．where
C．when D．why
解析：选D 此句中的That指代上文“It sure smells pretty and it's beautiful，too”这句话，这句话所表达的内容构成摘这朵花的原因，故此题选why。

9．A.accepted B．destroyed
C．received D．refused
解析：选 A 根据上文“But I knew I must take it, or he might never leave.”可知，作者应该是“接受”了这朵花，故此题选accepted。

10．A.leg B．bench
C．hand D．side
解析：选C 送人花应该是把花放到对方手里，故此题选hand。

place ... in one's hand 意为“把……放到某人手里”。

11．A.spoke B．noticed
C．listened D．said
解析：选B 这里表达的意思是“就在那时，我第一次‘注意到(noticed)’那个男孩看不见东西”。

该句是强调句，强调的部分是时间状语then。

12．A.clever B．happy
C．blind D．sad
解析：选C 由上文“that boy could not see”可知，应该选blind，下文最后一段也反复出现了这个词。

13．A.sound B．tune
C．noise D．voice
解析：选 D 由下文“I thanked him for ...”可知我向男孩表达了感激之情，听到的应该是自己说话时颤抖的声音，故本题选voice。

14．A.best B．first
C．strange D．bad
解析：选A 此题选best，这里用副词very修饰最高级，起强调作用。

15．A.to B．in
C．on D．with
解析：选C 此处考查固定短语have influence on ...“对……有影响”。

此句中包含一个定语从句，influence被前置充当先行词，作从句谓语动词had的宾语。

16．A.want B．managed
C．failed D．thought
解析：选B 由上文可知这个男孩是个盲人，所以作者惊讶的应该是男孩是如何发现她这个在柳树下自怨自艾的女人的。

manage to do sth.表示“设法成功做某事”，符合语境，故本题选managed。

17．A.true B．kind
C．happy D．sure
解析：选A 此句是对上句的自问自答，或许，在他内心里有真正的光明。

18．A.ears B．mouth
C．nose D．eyes
解析：选D 句意：通过那个盲人小孩的眼睛，我最后看清了，问题不在这个世界，而在于我自身。

由下文“at last I could see”可知此处选eyes。

19．A.tear B．people
C．world D．flower
解析：选C 根据第一段“for the world always let me down”可知这里应选world，与其形成首尾呼应。

20．A.hate B．enjoy
C．waste D．play
解析：选B 句意：通过这件事，我发誓要发现生活中的美好，好好享受自己的每分每秒。

根据上文“see beauty”可知此处选B项。

Ⅲ.任务型阅读
What have we become? A society in which someone can have hundreds of online friends and yet go for days without human contact. We scan; we click; we text people in the next room instead of speaking to them; we even check our library books out by ourselves when once we might have chatted to a friendly person with an ink pad and a date stamp.
Loneliness can be dangerous. Recent research suggests that it may shorten people's lives and make them more vulnerable to serious illness. It can distort (扭曲) senses of reality and even become an element that drives a few desperate young men to open fire on a cinema audience or a classroom full of children. Electronic voices on various devices can be the only ones some people hear. And what those voices say is not always true.
No man is an island, we are frequently reminded. There are those who choose to lead solitary (孤独的) lives, and live them well, but on the whole we are sociable beings and we suffer if we are on our own too much. Human contact makes us happier, although virtual relationships can be very positive.
So what could lonely people do to make real friends? An answer, among many, is to read more books. Reading begins alone but becomes a shared activity when a reader, for example, joins a book group, attends a literary festival or signs up for a continuing education course on an aspect of literature that interests them. There's
no shame in turning up to any of these alone, and fellowship is guaranteed. Fellow readers may well turn out be like­minded; it's a basis for new friendships and sustained relationships. Sharing an understanding of a book is a good way of sharing feelings safely. Literary characters can be useful as personas.
But there is another important reason why everyone should read more books, and in particular fiction. The responsibility to fight loneliness lies with those who do not suffer from it. Lonely people often feel that there is no one who understands them or can share their point of view. They need to know that actually there are. That requires everybody else to make the imaginative leap of feeling that connection, and reading fiction helps. It makes people more empathic (移情) — sympathy for fictitious (虚构的) characters can translate into compassion (同情) in real life.
The stories of strangers reach us through many means: news bulletins, interviews, biography and memoir (回忆录), but also drama and fiction. Walking a mile in their shoes might help turn some of those strangers into real friends.
3．confuse 4.truth 5.happiness 6.literary 7.involved
8．similar/common 9.understand 10.places/positions/shoes
检测评价B卷
阅读理解
A
(2019·江苏省名校模拟试题)Every year, Time magazine picks out what it calls “The 25 Best Inventions” of the year. Here, Teens has chosen some of the most interesting ones.
Ember Mug
It's hard to always keep coffee at the right temperature, especially in winter. It's too hot to drink at first, but before we know it, it gets too cold and loses all its taste. The perfect level of warmth for a cup of coffee only lasts for 37 seconds, which makes the Ember Mug a great invention. It keeps your coffee or tea at a certain temperature, a nywhere between 45 ℃ and 62 ℃， once you set it through a smartphone app.
Tasty One Top
TV cooking shows make cooking look so easy, but it's almost impossible to get the recipes to cook the same as how the professionals cook. However, the Tasty One Top DIY cooking companion is here to help. Developed by BuzzFeed, the cooker can be connected to a smartphone app, which has more than 1,700 recipes and videos. You choose a recipe and the app will let the cooker know what to do. For example, it'll tell you when to turn your steak or when to add certain ingredients.
Jibo
Smart speakers from companies like Amazon and Xiaomi have added a lot of fun to our lives, but they're still just faceless speakers. However, Jibo, developed by MIT professor Cynthia Breazeal, has brought smart technology to life. Said to be “the world's first social robot for the home”， Jibo looks like a cartoon character. Inside its “head”， there are various sensors and cameras, which allow it to recognize faces and speech. It can also set alarms, remind you of important things, tell you the weather and read news or messages from your friends and family.
A．By teaching people how to cook.
B．By offering people different recipes.
C．By saving energy while cooking.
D．By offering different kinds of cooking apps.
解析：选A 细节理解题。

根据第二个发明介绍中的“For example, it'll tell you when to turn your steak or when to add certain ingredients”可知，Tasty One Top可以教人们做饭，故选A项。

2．What can Jibo probably be?
A．A cartoon character. B．A faceless robot.
C．A family assistant. D．A smart alarm.
解析：选C 推理判断题。

根据第三个发明介绍中的“the world's first social robot for the home” “It can also set alarms, remind you of important things, tell you the weather and read news or me ssages from your friends and family”可推断，Jibo 可以充当家庭助手。

故选C项。

B
A new study says one part of the human brain may become smaller as a result of a condition known as jet lag. Jet lag results from flying long distances in an airplane. Jet lag interferes with a person's normal times for sleeping and waking. People with jet lag may feel extremely tired for several days. They also may have problems thinking clearly and remembering.
Kwangwook Cho is a researcher at the University of Bristol in Britain. He reported the findings of his jet lag study in the publication Nature Neuroscience.
The study involved twenty young women who worked for international airlines. The women had served passengers on airplanes for five years. These flight attendants flew across many countries and at least seven time zones. In the study, the flight attendants had different amounts of time to recover from jet lag. Half the women spent five days or fewer in their home areas between long flights. The other half spent more than fourteen days in their home areas.
Mister Cho took some fluid from the women's mouths to measure levels of a hormone that increases during stress. He tested them to see if they could remember where black spots appeared on a computer screen. And he took pictures of their brains using
magnetic resonance imaging. This is a way to measure the size of the brain's temporal lobes.
It was found that the women who had less time between flights had smaller right temporal lobes. This area of the brain deals with recognizing and remembering what
is seen. The same group performed worse and had slower reaction times on the visual memory test. And their saliva samples showed higher levels of stress hormones.
Mister Cho says he believes the brain needs at least ten days to recover after
a long trip. He says airline workers told him their ability to remember got worse after working on planes for about four years. Other studies have shown that increased feelings of stress can cause a loss of cells in the part of the brain that controls memory.
Scientists say more tests are needed to study the effects of jet lag on the brain. They want to find out if too much jet lag could permanently affect memory.
语篇解读：本文是一篇科普文章，介绍了科学家对于飞行时差对人脑的影响所做的实验。

3．According to the text, jet lag ________.
A．can cause difficulties in speaking
B．can make people feel tired for a few weeks
C．is the illness only found in people who work on the airplanes
D．can be caused by flying over several time zones in an airplane
解析：选D 细节理解题。

根据第一段中“Jet lag results fro m flying long distances
in an airplane.”及“People with jet lag may feel extremely tired for several days.”
可知时差是由于长时间乘坐飞机造成的。

4．It is inferred that more tests need to be done because ________.
A．the conclusion was questioned by many scientists
B．scientists fear that his research is not done properly
C．every scientific conclusion needs the support from many tests
D．the woman who were studied in the research were not healthy
解析：选C 细节理解题。

根据最后一段中“Scientists say more tests are needed
to study the effects of jet la g on the brain.”可知每个科学的结论都需要很多实验
来证明。

5．What is the subject discussed in the test?
A．The cause of jet lag.
B．A story of a group of flight attendance.
C．A research about the effects of jet lag on the brain.
D．The importance of having enough rest after long flights.
解析：选C 主旨大意题。

根据第一段第一句可知这篇文章讲的是飞行时差对大脑的影响，故选C项。

C
(2019·江苏名校预测押题卷)It's hard to believe that there are people in this world who have no idea about the Internet or cellphones. There are tribes (部落) that are completely cut off from global civilization and do not welcome any kind of contact from the outside world.
North Sentinel Island, a part of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands between Myanmar and Indonesia, is home to one such tribe. The Sentinelese are so aggressive toward outside contact that the islan d has been named the “hardest place to visit” in the world.
The Sentinelese are thought to be children of the first humans who escaped from Africa. They have probably lived on the tiny island for 60,000 years. Their exact population is unknown; it could be as low as 40 or as high as 500.
It doesn't matter whether you are friend or enemy, whether you arrive at the island shores on purpose or by accident, the locals will greet you the same way —with spears and arrows. Gifts of food and clothing are of no importance to them.
Not much is known about their tribal folk; their language is different and their habits are unknown. Their settlements are hidden in the thick jungle, so we have no clue about how they live. All we know is that the Sentinelese are hunter­g atherers; they do not farm. They live on fruits, fish, wild pigs, lizards and honey.
India has complete power to govern North Sentinel. After several failed attempts to make friendly contact with them, all visits to the island are banned by the Indian gove rnment. The Indian Navy has established a 3­mile exclusion zone (禁区) to keep tourists, explorers and other busy bodies away. Accidental meetings still do occur, and none of them end well.
There are several horror stories of how the Sentinelese have treated their guests. People either return from the island terrified and injured, or not_at_all. In 1896, an escaped prisoner from the British prisons of the Andamans drifted on to the shores of North Sentinel by accident. A few days later, a search party found his body on a beach, shot by arrows, with his throat cut. In 1974, a group went there to make a documentary, and the film's director took an arrow in the leg.
The Sentinelese are among the last of the uncontacted people —communities who
live without contact with globalized civilization —left in the world. Perhaps it's best to leave them alone; bringing them out into civilization might not be the best thing for them. They might not be immune (有免疫力的) to several diseases and adapting themselves to the modern world could be extremely difficult.
A．The locals are very unfriendly to visitors.
B．The Indian government issued a ban on visiting.
C．People cannot adapt to the living conditions there.
D．Modern technology cannot help people to reach there.
解析：选A 细节理解题。

根据第二段第二句可知，森蒂纳尔人对外界的接触怀有敌意，这使得其很难被接近。

故选A。

7．What does the author say about the Sentinelese?
A．They are desperate for food and clothing.
B．They are communities living by fishing.
C．They want to break away from India.
D．They may have their roots in Africa.
解析：选D 细节理解题。

根据第三段第一句可知，森蒂纳尔人被认为是第一批从非洲逃离的人的后代。

由此可知，森蒂纳尔人可能有非洲血统。

故选D。

8．What does the underlined part “not at all” in the last but one paragraph mean?
A．People leave the island safe and sound.
B．People suffer a violent death at the island.
C．People can hardly get access to the island.
D．People are attracted by the beauty of the island.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。

根据倒数第二段中的“A few days later, a search party found his body on a beach, shot b y arrows, with his throat cut” “the film's director took an arrow in the leg”可知，画线部分所在句的含义为“从该岛返回的人们要么很害怕并受伤了，要么根本就没有返回”。

由此可知，画线部分的含义是“根本没有返回”，即在岛上惨死。

故选B。

9．Which is the best title for this passage?
A．The Sentinelese — a mysterious tribe
B．The Sentinelese —the last hunter­gatherers
C．North Sentinel Island — an ideal land of peace
D．North Sentinel Island — the world's hardest place to visit
解析：选D 标题归纳题。

纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了世界上最难接近的岛屿——北森蒂纳尔岛的相关内容，故D项作本文标题最佳。

D
I stood on tiptoe and handed the card from my school's help­wanted board to the man behind the counter of Mort's Deli at the Farmers Market in Los Angeles. Even before I opened my mouth, he was frowning and shaking his head.
It was September 1957, and my family had just arrived in California. My father, a sh eet­metal worker, only got work two or three days a week. Our meager savings were gone, and as the eldest boy of the family, I was the only one able to help. I'd applied at retail stores, but without local references shopkeepers were reluctant to let me handle cash.
“Tell you what，” I said, “let me work the rest of the week, and if you don't like the way I do the job, don't pay me.” The tall man stared at me, then nodded, “I'm Mort Rubin. What's your name？”
At Mort's, I worked very hard. As closing time approached on Saturday, I was in agony. I also had no idea whether Mort would pay me. Near the end of the day he called me up to him. “How much did that card at school say this job paid？” he asked. “One dollar an hour，” I murmured, “the minimum wage.” Actuall y I was willing to take less.
“That's not enough for someone who works as hard as you，” Mort said. “You start at ＄1.25.” Over the next few weeks I learned a lot about Mort. Our store was closed on Sundays, so every Saturday evening Mort urged me to take home the leftover soup in a huge jar. It was a meal in itself, a treat for my struggling family.
One Saturday after work, as I glanced inside, I almost dropped the jar. In my father's chair was a large bald man. He was cursing my father. My_brothers_and_sisters_sat_like_statues;_Dad's_face_was_like_stone;_Mom_wept.
I crept into the kitchen, set the soup on a counter and listened through the door. The man wanted to take our car. Dad offered to make the three payments that were in arrears (到期未付), but the man demanded the entire sum —＄325 — or the car. I had been in Los Angeles just long enough to understand how essential a car is. I slipped out of the door, got on the car, started the engine and circled the neighborhood, thinking furiously. Who might have ＄325? Who would even consider
lending me such a large sum?
The only person I could think of was Mort. I drove back to his deli, knocked on the rear door, and then waited until the window shade went up. I found myself staring down the barrel (枪管) of an army 0.45. “What do you want？” Mort growled, lowering the gun.
I stammered out my tale. “So, could you possibly loan my father ＄325？” I finished, realizing how absurd it sounded.
Mort's eves bored holes in my face. His cheeks began purpling, and his lips quivered. Realizing he was still clutching the gun, I took a step backward.
“This is ＄325，” he said. “When school is out, you'll work full­time. I'll take back half your wages until it's repaid.”
That night I was a hero to my family. But the real hero was Mort Rubin, who not only saved us from certain penury,_but also quietly raised my salary every month. By summer, I was earning double the original wage. I worked for Mort until I graduated two years later and joined the Army. We stayed in touch for many decades, but I lost track of him several years ago and don't even know if he's still alive now.
But this is what I do know: Mort Rubin made the world a better place.
A．To show his strong desire for a job.
B．To reflect his poor living conditions.
C．To stress the heavy burden to his father.
D．To prove the high living expenses in California.
解析：选A 推理判断题。

根据上下文提及的作者求职的经历以及第二段中的“as the eldest boy of the family, I was the only one able to help”可知，作者作为家中年龄最大的孩子，是唯一一个可以减轻家庭经济负担的，故描述自己求职时的家庭情况是为了说明自己多么渴望能得到一份工作。

故选A。

11．What made Mort Rubin employ the author with a salary of ＄1.25 at last?
A．The author's constant requests for help.
B．The author's poor family background.
C．The author's previous work experience.
D．The author's excellent work performance.
解析：选D 细节理解题。

根据第四段中的“At Mort's，I worked very hard.”和第
五段中的“That's not enough for someone who works as hard as you”可知，正是作者出色的工作表现才让Mort Rubin以每小时1.25美元的薪酬雇用了作者。

故选D。

12．What can be inferred from the underlined sentence about the author's family in Paragraph 6?
A．They had gave up hopes of living on.
B．They had no ability to settle a debt.
C．They were scared to death by a robbery.
D．They were indifferent to the man's scolding.
解析：选B 句意理解题。

根据第二段提及的作者的家庭情况和第七段第二句可知，作者这样描述自己家庭成员的状态其实暗示了作者家庭经济拮据，无力偿还到期未付的款项。

settle a debt“还债”为固定搭配，故选B。

13．Why does the author mention “＄325” so many times?
A．To prove the truth of the story.
B．To attract readers' attention to the story.
C．To help the development of the story.
D．To make clear the background of the story.
解析：选C 推理判断题。

结合文章的行文线索可知，第七段中的“the man demanded the entire sum —＄325 —or the car”是作者第一次引出＄325，说明了下文自己借钱的起因；“Who might have＄325”是作者第二次提到＄325，表明了作者筹集这笔钱的苦恼；倒数第五段中的“So, could you possibly loan my father ＄325？”是作者第三次提及＄325，说明了作者向Mort Rubin借钱的经过；倒数第三段的“This is＄325”是作者最后一次提及＄325，引出了作者借钱的结果。

由此可知，作者在文中多次提及＄325是为了帮助故事情节的发展，故选C。

14．Which word is closest in meaning to the underlined word “penury” in Paragraph 12?
A．Punishment. B．Danger.
C．Poverty. D．Mistake.
解析：选C 词义猜测题。

根据上文的内容可知，Mort Rubin在作者家庭经济困难时，慷慨解囊，帮助作者一家渡过了这次经济难关，故选C。

15．Which of the following can best describe Mort Rubin?
A．Sympathetic and generous.
B．Determined and considerate.
C．Responsible and devoted.
D．Aggressive and sensitive.
解析：选A 推理判断题。

根据第五段中的“so every Saturday evening ... It was a meal in itself, a treat for my struggling family”和下文提及的Mort Rubin在作者家庭经济困难时，慷慨解囊的故事可知，Mort Rubin不仅有同情心，而且很慷慨。

故选A。