2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东交通大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：33

2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东交通大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖
析AB卷（带答案）
一.综合题(共15题)
1.
单选题
The athlete has been accused of（）his performance with illegal drugs, but he firmly denies the charges.
问题1选项
A.enhancing
B.tendering
C.diluting
D.dispensing
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

A选项enhancing“提高”；B选项tendering“提议”；C选项diluting“稀释”；D选项dispensing“配发”。

句意：这位运动员被指控使用违禁药物提高成绩，但他坚决否认这些指控。

本句表示提高成绩。

因此A选项正确。

2.
单选题
It was a bold idea to build a power station in the deep valley, but it（）as well as we had hoped.
问题1选项
A.came off
B.went off
C.brought out
D.made out
【答案】A
【解析】考查词组辨析。

A选项come off“成功，实现”；B选项go off“离开，变质”；C选项bring out“出版，生产”；D选项make out“辨认出，理解”。

根据句意：在深谷里建发电站是个大胆的想法，但结果与我们原来所希望的一样。

也就说，这个想法得到实现，所以选项A符合语境。

3.
单选题
Many young people involved in forced marriages have to face a（）, that is, they love their parents but they also want to pursue true love.
问题1选项
A.dilemma
B.confrontation
C.doctrine
D.conflict
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。

A选项dilemma“进退两难”，B选项confrontation “争执，对抗”，C选项doctrine“教义，学说，信条”，D选项conflict“争执，分歧”，句意:许多卷入逼婚的年轻人不得不面对一个两难的境地，即他们爱父母，但也想追求真爱。

因此，A选项符合句意。

4.
单选题
In today’s competitive job market, people, especially young men are required to be aggressive and industrious.
问题1选项
A.invasive
B.belligerent
C.progressive
D.enterprising
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。

A选项invasive “侵入的”；B选项belligerent“好战的”；C选项progressive“进步的”；D选项enterprising“有进取心的”。

句意：在当今竞争激烈的就业市场上，人们，尤其是年轻人需要有进取心和勤奋。

划线部分aggressive是有进取心的意思。

因此D选项正确。

5.
单选题
It’s time you（）some reading or the other students will leave you behind.
问题1选项
A.got down to
B.adapted to
C.held on to
D.attended to
【答案】A
【解析】考查词组辨析。

A选项got down to“开始认真”；B选项adapted to“适应于”；C选项held on to“坚持”；D选项attended to“注意”。

句意：你该认真读书了，否则其他学生就会把你甩在后面。

本句表示开始认真读书。

因此A选项正确。

6.
单选题
The（）point of view presents ideas and facts that both supporters and opponents can agree. 问题1选项
A.main
B.controversial
C.subjective
D.neutral
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词辨析。

A选项main“主要的，最大的”，B选项controversial“引起争论的，有争议的”，C选项subjective“主观的，个人的”，D选项neutral“中立的，中性的”，中立的观点代表了支持者和反对者都能认同的观点和事实。

因此，D选项符合句意。

7.
单选题
Immigration officials have to be very careful in deciding whether to（）all or only some of those illegal immigrants.
问题1选项
A.dissolve
B.deport
C.distract
D.detect
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。

A选项dissolve“解散，使溶解”，B选项deport，“驱逐出境，放逐”，C选项“转移，分散”，D选项detect“察觉，发现”。

句意：移民官员在决定是将全部非法移民驱逐出境还
是仅将部分非法移民驱逐出境时必须非常谨慎。

因此, B选项符合句意。

8.
单选题
The professor can hardly find sufficient grounds（）his argument in favor of the new theory. 问题1选项
A.which to base on
B.on which to base
C.to base on which
D.which to be based on
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。

根据句意：教授很难找到充分的理由来支撑自己支持新理论的论据。

由此可知，要把his argument建立在grounds 的基础上，即“base his arguments on the grounds”，变成定语从句需要将介词on提到关系代词which的前面，即“on which to base his arguments”，所以选项B 正确。

9.
单选题
There is virtually no limit to how one can serve community interests, from sending a few hours a week with some charitable organization to practically full-time work for a social agency. Just as there are opportunities for Voluntary Service Overseas (VSO) for young people before they take up full-time employment,（1）there are opportunities for overseas service for qualified technicians in developing countries. Some people, （2）those who retire early, offer their technical and business skills in countries（3）there is a special need.
So in considering voluntary or paid community service, there are more opportunities than there（4）were when one first began work. Most voluntary organizations have only a small full-time staff, and depend very much on volunteers and part-timers. This means that working relationships are different from those in commercial organizations, and values may be different. In some ways they may seem more（5）and less efficient, but one should not judge them by commercial（6）.The people who work with them do so for different reasons and with different objectives, both personal and organizational. One should not join them（7）to arm them with professional expertise; they must be joined with commitment to the cause, not business（8）Because salaries are small or non-existent many voluntary bodies offer modest expenses. But many retired people take part in community service for（9）， simply because they enjoy the work.
Many community activities possible in retirement were also possible during one's working life but they are to be undertaken no less seriously for that. Retired people who are just looking for something different or unusual to do should not consider（10）community service.
问题1选项
A.as
B.so
C.then
D.that
问题2选项
A.passionately
B.partially
C.particularly
D.peculiarly
问题3选项
A.which
B.where
C.as
D.that
问题4选项
A.ever
B.before
C.never
tely
问题5选项
A.casual
B.forma
C.active
ual
问题6选项
A.value
B.norm
C.criteria
D.perspective
问题7选项
A.expecting
B.to expect
C.being expected
D.expected
问题8选项
A.effect
B.sufficiency
C.deficiency
D.efficiency
问题9选项
A.free
B.freedom
C.health
D.salary
问题10选项
A.to be taken
B.to take
C.being taken
D.taking
【答案】第1题:B 第2题:C
第3题:B
第4题:D
第5题:A
第6题:C
第7题:A
第8题:D
第9题:A
第10题:C
【解析】1.本题考查连词的用法。

本句意为:“正如年轻人在参加全职工作前有机会参加海外志愿服务一样,发展中国家的合格技术人员也有机会参加海外服务。

”just as…so”意为……也，因此，B选项为正确答案。

2.本题考查副词的用法。

根据句意，“一些人，尤其是那些退休早的人”，空格所在句子的前后均是逗号，并且紧跟在主语的后面，因此后面的应该加上表示更进一步的副词， A选项passionately“热情地，强烈地”，B选项partially“部分地，偏袒地”，C选项particularly“特别地，尤其地”，D选项peculiarly“特殊地，奇怪地”，因此，C选项为正确答案。

3.本题考查关系副词的用法。

countries ,表示地点, where用于表示地点，放在地点之后,意为“在那;该处”,句意：在有特殊需要的国家提供他们的技术和商业技能。

根据空格前的countries，可知此处缺少一个表示地点的副词，引导一个定语从句，因此，B 选项为正确答案。

4.本题考查副词辨析。

此处是一个more than的比较结构,现在和以前做比较，因此此句缺少的是一个表示过去状况的时间副词。

A选项ever“曾经”，B选项before“以前”，C选项never“决不“，D选项lately“近来”，before作副词需要放在动词后，lately和never都不符合与过去时态之间的逻辑关系，本句意为“所以在考虑义务或付费的社区服务时,现在比一个人刚开始工作时有更多的机会。

”
5.本题考查形容词的用法。

A选项casual“随便的，疏忽的”， B选项forma“植物型，变型”，C选项active“忙碌的，活跃的”， D选项usual“通常的，惯例的”,此空的后面有个less efficient，并列成分，因此应该是more casual，来表达同一个意思，与之相对应，句意：在某些方面，他们可能看起来更随意，效率更低。

因此，A选项为正确答案。

6.本题考查名词用法。

根据judge可以得出，后面应该是有一个评判的标准，才可以去根据这个标准做出判断，A选项value“价值，益处”，B选项norm“准则，惯例” ，C选项criteria“标准”，D选项perspective“态度，观点”，因此，C选项为正确答案。

7.本题考查动词+ ing作宾语补足语的用法。

此句中them和they指代的都是志愿者组织的全职员工，join them后面所跟的部分为伴随状语，故应使用动词的现在分词形式。

因此，A选项为正确答案。

8.本题考查名词用法。

A选项effect“影响，结果，效应”，B选项sufficiency“足量，充足”，C选项deficiency“缺点，缺陷”，D选项efficiency“效率，功效”，该空前面一句话说的是人们不应该加入他们——指望用专业知识武装他们;之后有提到必须结合对事业的承诺，而不是什么，那么也就是前文所提到的用专业知识所获取的商业的效率。

因此，D选项为正确答案。

9.本题考查词汇的固定搭配。

A选项free“自由的，免费的”，B选项freedom“自由”，C选项health“健康”，D选项salary“薪资”，由上下文可知，他们选择做这项工作只是因为他们喜欢，因此可以推断他们不要求报酬，无偿参加社区服务的工作，for free表示“无偿的”。

因此，A选项为正确答案。

10.本题考查非谓语动词。

consider要求后面动词用ing形式,作宾语。

句意：那些只是想在退休之后寻找一些新鲜事情做的人并不应该考虑做社区服务。

因此，C选项为正确答案。

10.
单选题
The statistics I’ve cited and the living examples are all too familiar to you. But what may not be so familiar will be the increasing number of women who are looking actively for advancement of for a new job in your offices. This woman may be equipped with professional skills and perhaps valuable experience. She will not be content to be Executive Assistant to Mr. Seldom Seen of the Assistant Vice President’s Girl Friday, who is the only one who comes in on Saturday.
She is the symbol of what I call the Second Wave of Feminism. She is the modern woman who is determined to be.
Her forerunner was the radical feminist who interpreted her trapped position as a female as oppression by the master class of men. Men, she believed, had created a domestic, servile role for women in order that men could have the career and the opportunity to participate in making the great decisions of society. Thus the radical feminist held that women through history had been oppressed and dehumanized, mainly because man chose to exploit his wife and the mother of his children. Sometimes it was deliberate exploitation and sometimes it was the innocence of never looking beneath the pretensions of life.
The radical feminists found strength in banding together. Coming to recognize each other for the first time, they could explore their own identities, realize their own power, and view the male and his system as the common enemy. The first phases of feminism in the last five years often took on this militant, class-warfare tone. Betty Friedan, Gloria Steinem, Germaine Greer, and many others hammered home their ideas with a persistence that aroused and intrigued many of the brightest and most able women in the country. Consciousness-raising groups allowed women to explore both their identities and their dreams—and the two were often found in direct conflict.
What is the stereotyped role of American women? Marriage. A son. Two daughters. Breakfast. Ironing. Lunch. Bowling, maybe a garden club of for the very daring, non-credit courses in ceramics. Perhaps an occasional cocktail party. Dinner. Football or baseball on TV. Each day the same. Never any growth in expectations — unless it is growth because the husband has succeeded. The inevitable question: “Is that all there is to life?” The rapid gro wth of many feminist organizations attests to the fact that these radical feminists had touched some vital nerves. The magazine “Ms.” was born in the year of the death of the magazine “Life.” But too often the consciousness-raising sessions became ends in themselves. Too often sexism reversed itself and man-hating was encouraged. Many had been with the male chauvinist.
It is not difficult, therefore, to detect a trend toward moderation. Consciousness-raising increasingly is regarded as a means to independence and fulfillment, rather than a ceremony of fulfillment itself. Genuine independence can be realized through competence, through finding a career, through the use of education. Remember that for many decades the education of women was not supposed to be useful.
1. What was the main idea of this passage?
2.What was the author’s attitude toward the radical?
3.What does the word “militant” mean?
4.What was the radical feminist’s view point about the male?
问题1选项
A.The Second Wave of Feminist.
B.Women’s I ndependent Spirits.
C.The Unity of Women.
D.The Action of Union.
问题2选项
A.He supported it wholeheartedly.
B.He opposed it strongly.
C.He disapproved to some extent.
D.He ignored it completely.
问题3选项
A.Aggressive.
B.Ambitions.
C.Progressive.
D.Independent.
问题4选项
A.Women were exploited by the male.
B.Women were independent of the male.
C.Women’s lives were deprived by the male.
D.The male were their common enemy. 【答案】第1题:A
第2题:C
第3题:A
第4题:D
【解析】1.主旨大意题。

第一段举了一个具体的例子，第二段指明She is the symbol of what I call the Second Wave of Feminism. She is the modern woman who is determined to be.（她是我所说的第二次女权主义浪潮的象征。

她就是现代女性的代表。

），接下来全文围绕女权运动展开论述。

因此A选项“第二次女权主义浪潮。

”最符合文章主旨。

B选项“女性的独立精神”和C选项“女性的团结”只是文章的一个方面，不能概括文章主旨，所以B，C错误。

D选项“工会的行动”在文中没有提及，所以D错误。

2.观点态度题。

由题干可以定位到文章倒数第二段中The rapid growth of many feminist organizations attests to the fact that these radical feminists had touched some vital nerves. The magazine “Ms.” was born in the year of the death of the magazine “Life.” But too often the consciousness-raising sessions became ends in themselves. Too often sexism reversed itself and man-hating was encouraged. Many had been with the male chauvinist.（许多女权主义组织的迅速发展证明了这样一个事实，即这些激进的女权主义者已经触动了一些重要的神经。

《女士》杂志就在《生活》杂志停刊那年诞生。

可是唤起觉醒的会议常常成为这些活动的目的。

性别歧视常常颠倒过来，鼓励憎恨男人。

许多人都曾是大男子主义者。

），表明了作者对激进分子有点批评、不满的态度。

接下来最后一段又说到It is not difficult, therefore, to detect a trend toward moderation. Consciousness-raising increasingly is regarded as a means to independence and fulfillment, rather than a ceremony of fulfillment itself. Genuine independence can be realized through competence, through finding a career, through the use of education.（因此，不难发现一种温和的趋势。

提高觉悟越来越被认为是独立和实现的手段，而不是实现本身的仪式。

真正的独立可以通过能力，通过寻找事业，通过教育来实现。

），说明了作者的观点：独立是靠踏实工作，提高妇女自身的能力来实现的。

因此C 选项“在某种程度上不赞成。

”最能说明作者对激进分子的态度。

A选项“全心全意地支持”，B选项“强烈反对”，D选项“完全忽视”的说法都过于绝对，所以A，B，D错误。

3.词义推测题。

由题干关键词“militant”可以定位到文章第四段第三句The first phases of feminism in the last five years often took on this militant, class-warfare tone.（在过去的五年里，女权主义的首要方面经常以这种激进的、阶级斗争的调子出现。

），说明过去五年的女权运动斗争性很强。

因此A选项“好斗的”符合题意。

B选项“雄心壮志的”，C选项“进步的”，D选项“独立的”在文中均没有提及，所以B，C，D错误。

4.客观细节题。

由题干关键词“radical feminist”可以定位到第四段第一、二句The radical feminists found strength in banding together. Coming to recognize each other for the first time, they could explore their own identities, realize their own power, and view the male and his system as the common enemy.（激进的女权主义者在紧密团结中找到了力量。

第一次她们认识了自己，她们可以探索自我，意识到她们的力量，把男人及其制度视为她们共同的敌人。

），说明激进女权主义者对男性的看法是把他们视作共同的敌人。

因此D选项“男性是她们共同的敌人。

”正确。

A选项“女性被男性剥削”，B选项“女性独立于男性”，C选项“女性的生活被男性剥夺”在文中均没有提及，所以A，B，C错误。

11.
单选题
Please（）yourself from smoking and spitting in public places, since the law forbids them.
问题1选项
A.restrain
B.hinder
C.restrict
D.prohibit
【答案】A
【解析】考查近义词辨析。

A选项restrain“控制，约束”；B选项hinder“阻碍，打扰”；C选项restrict“限制，约束”；D选项prohibit“阻止，禁止”。

根据句意可知，这里是说控制自己不要抽烟，对自身的控制和管理应使用restrain，而restrict多指限制在一定的范围内。

所以选项A最为恰当。

12.
单选题
With price（）so much, it’s hard for the company to plan a budget.
问题1选项
A.vibrating
B.waving
C.swinging
D.fluctuating
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。

A选项vibrate“震动，颤动”；B选项wave“挥舞，飘扬”；C选项swing“摇摆”；D选项fluctuate“波动，起伏”。

根据句意：由于价格波动很大，公司很难制定出预算。

表示价格的起伏波动应该用fluctuate，所以选项D正确。

13.
单选题
We are sorry to inform you that the shipment is not（）the standard in the contract.
问题1选项
A.due to
B.according to
C.prior to
D.up to
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。

A选项due to“由于，归功于”，B选项a ccording to “根据按照”，C选项prior to“在...之前，先于”，D选项up to“直到，胜任”。

句意：我们很抱歉地通知你方所装运的货物不符合合同规定的标准。

D选项符合句意。

14.
单选题
（）native to North America, corn has now spread all over the world.
问题1选项
A.In spite of
B.That it is
C.It was
D.Although
【答案】D
【解析】考查让步状语从句。

A选项In spite of“尽管”，后应接名词；B选项That it is“那是”；
C选项It was“这是”；D选项Although“尽管”。

句意：虽然玉米原产于北美，但现在已遍布世界各地。

如果状语从句中的主语和主句中的主语一致，就可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词，从而使句子更加简洁明了。

在这句话中，从句中的主语也是corn，因此其主语corn和is可以省略。

因此D选项正确。

15.
翻译题
剪纸是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。

中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期特别流行。

形式多样的剪纸手法可以说是很绝妙的，但剪纸艺术之独特、栩栩如生的美的表现还要靠每一个艺术家的艺术造诣。

【答案】【参考译文】Paper-cutting is one of the most popular traditional folk art forms in China. Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than 1,500 years and was particularly popular during the Ming and Qing dynasties. The diverse forms of paper-cutting techniques can be described as wonderful, but the unique, lifelike beauty of the art of paper-cutting depends on the artistic attainment of each artist.。