太阳能实验

Characteristic curves of a solar cell4.1.09-01
What you can learn about
Semiconductor 【电】半导体
p-n junction P-N结
Energy-band diagram 能级图
Fermi characteristic energy level 费米能级特性Diffusion potential 扩散电位
Internal resistance 内部电阻
Efficiency 效率
Photo-conductive effect 光电导效应
Acceptors 受体
Donors 捐助者
Valence band 价带
Conduction band传导带
Principle:
The current-voltage characteristics of a solar cell are measured at different light intensities, the distance between the light source and the solar cell being varied. The depencence of no-load voltage and short-circuit current on temperature is determined.
原则：
太阳能电池的电流-电压特性的测量在不同的光照强度，距离之间的光源和太阳能电池的不同。

依赖的空载电压和短路电流对温度的确定
What you need:
Solar battery, 4 cells, 2.5 x 5 cm
06752.04 1
Thermopile, Moll type
08479.00 1
Universal measuring amplifier
13626.93 1
Rheostats, 330 ?, 1.0 A
06116.02 1 Ceramic lamp socket E27 with reflector, switch, safety plug 06751.01 1
Filament lamp with reflector, 230 V/120 W
06759.93 1
Hot/cold air blower, 1700 W
04030.93 1
Meter Scale, l = 1000 x 27 mm
03001.00 1
Tripod base -PASS-
02002.55 2
Barrel base -PASS-
02006.55 2
你需要什么：
太阳能电池，4细胞
热电堆，摩尔式
万能测量放大器
变阻器，
陶瓷灯座头与反射，开关，安全插头
白炽灯的反射镜，230/ 120瓦特
热/冷空气鼓风机，1700瓦特
仪表的刻度，=1000×27毫米
鼎基通—
桶基通—
Support rod -PASS-, square, l = 250 mm
02025.55 1
Right angle clamp -PASS-
02040.55 2
Plate holder, opening width 0...10 mm
02062.00 1
Universal clamp
37718.00 1
G-clamp
02014.00 2
Glass pane, 150 x 100 x 4 mm, 2 off
35010.10 1
Digital multimeter 2010
07128.00 2
Laboratory thermometers, -10...+100!aC
38056.00 1
Connecting cable, 4 mm plug, 32 A, red, l = 50 cm
07361.01 3
Connecting cable, 4 mm plug, 32 A, blue, l = 50 cm
07361.04 2
Complete Equipment Set, Manual on CD-ROM included
Characteristic curves of a solar cell
P2410901
棒的支持--，正方形，长250毫米
直角钳通—
板架的开口宽度10毫米，0……
通用钳
克钳
玻璃窗，150×100×4毫米，2
数字万用表2010
实验室温度计，- 10+ 100…！交流
连接电缆插头，4毫米，32，红色，长50厘米
连接电缆插头，4毫米，32，蓝色，长50厘米
成套设备，包括手册光盘
太阳能电池特性曲线
1.To determine the light intensity with the thermopile at various distances from the light source.
2.To measure the short-circuit current and no-load voltage at various distances from the light source.
3.To estimate the dependence ofno-load voltage, and short-circuitcurrent on temperature.
4.To plot the current-voltage char-acteristic at different light intensities.
5.To plot the current-votlage characteristic under different operating conditions: cooling the equip- ment with a blower, no cooling, shining the light through a glass plate.
6.To determine the characteristic curve when illuminating by sunlight.
1。

以确定光的强度与热电堆在不同的距离从光源。

2。

测量短路电流和空载电压在不同距离的光源。

3。

估计依赖ofno-load电压，温度和short-circuitcurrent。

4 阴谋的电流电压特性。

在不同的光照强度。

5。

图current-votlage特性在不同的操作条件：冷却设备与风机，冷却，闪亮的光线通过玻璃板。

6.确定的特征曲线时，照明的阳光。

Related topics
Semi-conductor, p-n junction, energy-band diagram, Fermi characteristic energy level, diffusion potential, internal resistance, efficiency, photo-conductive effect, acceptors, donors, valence band, conduction band.
相关主题
半导体PN结的能带图，，，费米能级特征，扩散的潜力，内阻，效率，光电导效应，捐助者，接受者，价带，传导带。

Set-up and procedure
Measure the light intensity with the thermopile and amplifier with the equipment at different distances from the light source. (Note: the maximum output voltage of the amplifier is 10 V). The inlet aperture marks the position of the thermopile. The distance between the lamp and the thermopile should be at least 50 cm, since the angular aperture of the thermopile is only 20°,
装置和程序
测量光的强度与热电和放大器的设备在不同的距离从光源。

（注意：最大输出电压的放大器10伏）。

入口孔径标记位置的热电堆。

之间的距离和热电堆至少应为50厘米，由于角孔径只有20°热电堆，
The solar cell measures the diffused light as well as the direct light from the lamp. As the lamp has a slim light cone of approx. 30°,, the diffused light chiefly arises as a result of reflection from the bench top, and can be suppressed by covering the bench with a black cloth or piece of black card.
太阳能电池的措施的漫射光，以及直接从光灯。

当灯有一个细长的光锥约30°，散射光，主要产生的结果从板凳顶端，并可以抑制覆盖台用黑布或一块黑卡。

The no-load voltage and the short-circuit current of the solar cell depend on temperature. To record the characteristics in Tasks 2 and 5, the solar cell is therefore kept at room temperature with the aid of a cold air blower.
空载电压和短路电流的太阳能电池的温度依赖。

记录特性的任务2和5，太阳能电池是在室温下保存的帮助下，冷风机。

To demonstrate the temperature effect, blow hot air over the solar cell and measure the temperature directly in front of it with a thermometer. Do not touch the cell as its thin p-layer can easily be damaged.
显示温度的影响，吹热风在太阳能电池和测量温度直接在它前面的温度计。

不要触摸细胞层薄容易损坏。

If the distance between lamp and solar cell exceeds 50 cm, the temperature rise caused by radiation can be disregarded in comparison with that caused by the hot air. Measure the no-load voltage and the short-circuit current. The characteristics of the solar cell should be measured in sunlight also if possible; in this case both direct and diffused light are involved. 如果灯和太阳能电池之间的距离超过50厘米，温度上升造成的辐射可以忽略不计相比，所造成的热空气。

测量空载电压及短路电流。

特点的太阳能电池的衡量标准应该是在阳光下也可能的话；在这种情况下直接和散射光的参与。

The thermophile is used again to determine the relationship between the short-circuit current and the light intensity, although it measures only direct light because of its small angular aperture. For comparative purposes, therefore, we must support a black cardboard tube about 20 cm long in front of the solar cell to screen it from the diffused light. It is important that the thermopile and the solar cell are pointing directly into the sun.
热再次使用，以确定之间的关系，短路电流和光强，虽然它只有直接光因其小孔径角。

为便于比较，因此，我们必须支持黑卡纸管约20厘米长在前面的太阳能电池屏幕从漫射光。

重要的是，热电和太阳能电池直接指向到太阳。