病理科活检工作流程

病理科活检工作流程
英文回答：
Pathology Biopsy Workflow.
The pathology biopsy workflow involves several key steps to ensure accurate and timely diagnosis of diseases. Here is a detailed overview of the general biopsy workflow:
1. Specimen Collection:
The biopsy procedure begins with the collection of tissue samples from the patient. This can be done through various techniques, such as needle biopsy, surgical biopsy, or endoscopic biopsy.
2. Fixation and Processing:
After collection, the tissue samples are immediately placed in a fixative solution to preserve their cellular
structure. Common fixatives include formalin or ethanol. The samples are then processed to prepare them for further analysis. This may involve dehydration, embedding in paraffin wax, and sectioning into thin slices.
3. Staining:
To visualize the cellular components of the tissue samples, they are stained with various dyes or stains. Histochemical and immunohistochemical staining techniques are commonly used to highlight specific cellular features or biomarkers.
4. Microscopic Examination:
The stained tissue sections are examined under a microscope by a pathologist to evaluate their morphology, architecture, and pathological changes. The pathologist analyzes the cellular and tissue patterns, looking for any abnormalities or deviations from normal.
5. Diagnosis and Reporting:
Based on the microscopic observations, the pathologist makes a diagnosis and generates a pathology report. The report typically includes a description of the tissue findings, diagnostic interpretation, and any relevant clinical implications.
6. Quality Control:
Throughout the workflow, strict quality control measures are implemented to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the results. This includes regular calibration of equipment, proficiency testing, and adherence to established protocols.
中文回答：
病理科活检工作流程。

病理科活检工作流程涉及多个关键步骤，以确保疾病的准确和及时诊断。

以下是活检工作流程的详细概述：
1. 标本采集：
活检程序从患者身上收集组织样本开始。

这可以通过多种技术
完成，例如穿刺活检、手术活检或内镜活检。

2. 固定和处理：
收集后，立即将组织样本置于固定液中以保存其细胞结构。

常
见的固定剂包括福尔马林或乙醇。

然后对样品进行处理，以使其准
备好进行进一步分析。

这可能包括脱水、包埋在石蜡中和切成薄片。

3. 染色：
为了可视化组织样本的细胞成分，使用各种染料或染色剂对其
进行染色。

组织化学和免疫组织化学染色技术通常用于突出特定的
细胞特征或生物标志物。

4. 显微镜检查：
病理学家在显微镜下检查染色的组织切片，以评估其形态、结
构和病理变化。

病理学家分析细胞和组织模式，寻找任何异常或偏
离正常的情况。

5. 诊断和报告：
根据显微镜观察结果，病理学家做出诊断并生成病理报告。

报
告通常包括对组织发现的描述、诊断解释以及任何相关的临床意义。

6. 质量控制：
在整个工作流程中，实施严格的质量控制措施以确保结果的准
确性和可靠性。

这包括设备的定期校准、能力测试以及遵守既定协议。