2020版高考英语一轮复习Unit4Civilization教案(含解析)重庆大学版选修7

Unit 4 Civilization
一、单词——在语境中默写，在联想中积累
写得准用得活(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.acquire vt.学习，习得；获得
2.superior adj.更好的；占优势的；更胜一筹的
3.alternative n. 选择
adj. 替代的
4.approach vt.接近；动手处理
n. 途径，方法，接近
5.print vt.印刷；冲洗(照片)
n. 字体；印刷
6.practical adj.实用的；(切合)实际的，有实用价值的→practice n．实践
7.existence n．存在，生存→exist vi.存在，生存
8.violent adj.暴力的，粗暴的；强烈的→violently adv.猛烈地→violence n．暴力；暴行；猛烈
9.succeed vi.成功；接着发生；继承→succeeding adj.后继的，随后的→success n．成功；成功的人或事→successful adj.成功的
10.intelligent adj.聪明的，有头脑的→intelligence n．智力，理解力
pare vt.(to, with)比较；(to)把……比作vi.相比→comparable adj.可比较的；适合相比的12.option n．选择权；可选物；选课→optional adj.可以任选的，非强制的
13.disadvantage n．不利(条件)；损失；缺点；劣势→disadvantageous adj.不利的→advantage n．优点；优势
14.evaluate vt.评估，评价→evaluation n．估价，1.Success in almost any field depends more on energy and drive than it does on intelligence (intelligent)．
2.Practical experience is often very important and practice is the direct way to get experience.(practice)
3.He succeeded his father as manager of the company.Soon their business became very successful.(succeed)
4.The advantage of cycling to work is that we can live a low­carbon life while the disadvantage is that it wastes time.(advantage)
st night we had a discussion, which became more and more violent.Finally we reached an agreement that we will never use violence whatever happens.(violent)
6.As people are curious about the existence of the Alien, the discussion of whether the UFO exists or not never has a stop.(exist)
评价
15.resulting adj.结果的→result n．结果；成绩，比分vi.导致；起因于7.This course is optional,_which means you have an option to decide whether to choose it or not.(option)
1.acquire同义词一览
①get 得到
②gain 赢得，获得
③obtain 获得
④win 取得，赢得
⑤earn 获得，赚得2．“选择”家族
①alternative 选择
②choice 选择；选择权
③option 选择权；可选物
④selection 选择，挑选3.“聪明”有几何？
①intelligent adj.聪明的
②clever adj.聪明的
③smart adj.机灵的
④bright adj.聪明的
⑤wise adj.英明的
4．后缀­age名词集锦
①advantage 优势
②percentage 百分比
③postage 邮资
④message信息
⑤usage 使用
5．­ence结尾名词知多
少
①existence存在
②dependence 依靠
③innocence 无罪，天
真
④intelligence 智力
⑤diligence 勤奋，勤
勉
⑥violence 暴力
二、短语——在应用中记牢，在归纳中记多
写得准用得活(选用左栏短语填
空)
1.apart_from_... 除……以外(还)
2.no_doubt 毫无疑问
3.in_this_respect 就这方面而言
4.side_by_side 肩并肩地
5.in_the_end 最后，最终
6.become_accustomed_to 习惯于
7.mean_to_... 打算；意指 8.in_general 大体上；通常
9.provide_...with 为某人提供……
10.in_particular 尤其；特别是
11.be_exposed_to 使遭受；接触，经历
12.cope_with 应付；处理1.I’m sure she’ll cope_with the changes very well —she’s very adaptable.
2.I am interested in stories in_general,_and in detective stories in particular.
3.This means that after a while your body
becomes_accustomed_to having nicotine in it.
13.cut_into 把……切成……
14.be_necessary_for
对……是必需的，对……是必不可少的
15.be_used_for 用于
16.so_far 迄今为止，到目前为止
17.in_the_development_of 在……的发展中
18.the_number_of_... ……的数量(是)
19.neither_of_... (两者)都不
20.have_the_confidence_to 有信心做……
21.fail_to_do_sth. 没能够做；做……不成功
22.a_range_of 各种各样的；一系列4.Apart_from a couple of spelling mistakes, this is an excellent piece of work.
5.Children, when they are_exposed_to an English­speaking atmosphere, will pick up the language much more easily.
6.The_number_of homeless people has increased dramatically.
1.“no＋n.”短语小结
①no doubt毫无疑问
②no problem 没问题
③no wonder 难怪
④no way 决不
⑤no comment 无可奉告
⑥no trouble 不麻烦2.“n.＋prep.＋n.”短语荟萃
①side by side肩并肩地
②step by step 逐步地
③face to face 面对面地
④heart to heart 心连心地
⑤shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地
⑥hand in hand 手拉手地
⑦arm in arm 手挽手地
三、句式——在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通
背原句明句式学仿写
1.Our ancestors did manage to write without paper. 我们的祖先在没有纸的情况下确实能书写。

do/does/did用于
动词原形之前，起
强调作用。

事实上，他年轻的时候确实喜欢读小
说。

As a matter of fact,
he_did_like_reading_novels when
he was young.
2.You can imagine how hard
it must have been to carve characters on wood and bamboo strips ...
你可以想象在这些木条或竹must have done 表
示对过去发生的事
情的肯定推测。

格林先生一定因为昨天在会上鲁莽
的行为被处罚了，是吗？
Mr Green must_have_been_punished
for his being rude at the meeting
yesterday, didn’t he？
条上刻字有多么的困难……
第一板块核心单词归纳集释
1．succeed vi.成功；继承；接着发生vt.接替；继任
[高考佳句] He said that if he quit the job, he would lose his drive to work and succeed.(2018·6月浙江高考)
他说如果他辞去这份工作，他就会失去工作和成功的动力。

(1)succeed in (doing) sth. 成功做某事
succeed to sth. 继承……
succeed sb.as 接替某人成为……
(2)successful adj.成功的
be successful in (doing) sth. 成功地做某事
(3)success n．[U]成功；成就；[C]成功的人或事
①Actually, we can’t succeed in
we should stick to it.
实际上，我们努力做的事情并不都会取得成功，重要的是我们应该坚持。

②As far as I know, John succeede d Tom as chairman of the Students’ Union.
据我所知，约翰接替汤姆成为学生会的主席。

③Finally, I wish this year’s English speech competition a great success.
最后我预祝今年的英语比赛取得圆满成功。

2．superior n．上级；上司adj.更好的；占优势的；更胜一筹的；上级的
[教材原句] The superior brain of man is apparently necessary for the mastering of speech.
显然，人类的高级大脑是掌握语言所必需的。

(1)feel superior about sth. 对某事感到优越
be superior to 比……优秀/好
(2)superiority n. 优势；优越
I felt superior about this matter until the other day I took my car to mail
a small parcel.
几天前我开车去寄一个小包裹，在这之前关于这件事我一直有优越感。

②Chances are that they’ll consider your competitors to be superior to ours.
可能性是他们将认为你们的选手比我们的更胜一筹。

[名师指津] superior本身含有比较的意义，因此它不能再用比较级或最高级；be superior to中的to不能换成than。

3．compare vt.比较；把……比作vi.相比
[高考佳句] Compared with adults, children are more eager to explore the world around them.(2018·天津高考)
与成年人相比，孩子们更渴望探索周围的世界。

with/to
children.
许多父母喜欢拿自己的孩子和他们朋友的孩子相比较。

②The tallest buildings in London are small in comparison (compare) with those in New York.
伦敦最高的建物与纽约的一比就矮了。

4．alternative adj.替代的；可供选择的；另类的n.选择；可供选择的事物
[教材原句]It also provides the students with an alternative to the pervasiveness of “television culture” with its immediacy and often its shallowness.
此外，在当今空泛的快餐式“电视文化”大行其道之际，文学还为学生们提供了另一选择。

could provide a more environmentally friendly alternative to plastic.
这种材料的发明者说它有许多可能的用途并且某一天可能成为更环保的塑料替代品。

②In order to succeed, we have no alternative but to_face (face) failure bravely and learn from it.
为了成功，我们不得不勇敢地直面失败并从中吸取教训。

③If you don’t like the school lunch, you have the alternative of bringing (bring) your own.
要是你不喜欢学校的午餐，你可以自己带饭。

[联想发散] “别无选择只好做某事”的表达还有：have no choice but to do sth., can’t help/choose but do sth.等。

[单词集成训练]
Ⅰ.基础点全练(单句语法填空)
1．The bus knocked into a truck loaded with stones, resulting (result) in 17 deaths.
2．Compared (compare) to the West, people in the East place much importance on family.
3．Meanwhile they were preparing to seize control by violence (violent)．4．It’s high time that we adopted different approaches to solving (solve) the social problem.
5．—This kind of mobile phone has come into the market.
—Really？It is said to be superior to any other model.I can’t wait to buy one.
6．She wanted to waste no time to acquire a good command of English.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1．succeed多棱镜
(1)介词填空
①Who will succeed to his wealth according to his will?
②Who s ucceeded him as President?
③They finally succeeded in finding a solution to the problem.
(2)根据提示用succeed的适当形式完成片段
在他成功地继承了父亲的公司并成为公司总裁之后，他带领公司在其领域内获得了更大的成功。

反过来，公司的成功也成就了他成功人士的地位。

After ④succeeding to his father’s company as president of it ⑤successfully,_he ⑥succeeded in making the company more ⑦successful in its field, which helped to make him a ⑧success in turn.
2．alternative点点练
(1)单句语法填空
①I had no alternative but to_report (report) him to the police.
②The agency will make travel arrangements for you.Alte rnatively (alternative), you can organize your own transport.
③You have the alternative of riding or walking.
(2)一句多译
因为没有钱，所以我除了待在家里别无选择。

④I had no money, so I had_no_alternative_but_to_stay at home.(alternative)
⑤I had no money, so I had_no_choice_but_to_stay at home.(choice)
⑥I had no money, so I couldn’t_choose/help_but_stay at home.(choose/help)
Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练
根据语境选出print的词性和词义
1．The print is too small for me to read without glasses.__E__
2．This modern machine can print 100 pages in a minute.__A__
3．The events printed themselves on her memory.__C__
4．How many copies do you want to be printed off？__B__
5．The pictures have to be developed and printed.__D__
第二板块短语句型归纳集释
1．be exposed to使遭受；接触，经历
[经典例句] It is generally believed that being exposed to radiation is rather dangerous.
普遍认为暴露在辐射环境里会很危险。

①Don’t expose your skin to
不要让你的皮肤直接暴晒于阳光下，否则你会被晒伤。

②You should expose yourself (you) more to English if you want to learn it well.
如果你想学好英语，就应该多接触英语。

③There is a direct relation between exposure (expose) to the sun and skin cancer.
皮肤暴露在太阳下与皮肤癌有直接关系。

2．become accustomed to习惯于
[经典例句] He quickly became accustomed to the strong academic atmosphere and
colorful activities in the college.
他很快适应了大学里浓厚的学术氛围和丰富多彩的活动。

to driving
众所周知，英国人习惯于靠左边开车。

②Accustomed (accustom) to living in the countryside, Mr King found it hard to live in the city.
习惯于生活在农村，金先生发现很难在城市生活。

③The students quickly accustomed themselves (they) to the new timetable.
学生们很快适应了新的时间表。

[联想发散] 短语be/get/become accustomed to中，to为介词，后跟名词、代词、动名词作宾语。

类似的短语还有：
①devote_oneself to 奉献；致力于
②get_down to 开始认真做
③see to 务必；一定
④give_way to 对……让步
⑤look_up to 尊敬
⑥lead to 导致；通向
⑦object/be_opposed to 反对
⑧stick to 坚持
(1)must have done“过去肯定做过某事”，表示对过去有把握的推测，只用于肯定句。

①It must_have_rained last night, for the ground is wet.
昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。

(2)其他“情态动词＋have done”结构的用法：
②I needn’t_have_bought so much wine
我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。

③—I stayed at a hotel while in New York.
—Oh，did you？You could_have_stayed with Barbara.
——在纽约时我住在一家旅馆里。

——噢，是吗？你本来能够和巴巴拉住在一起的。

④She might_have_achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances.
如果你给她更多机会，她可能会取得更大的进步。

[名师指津] 表示对已发生的事情进行推测，就表示的可能性程度而言，must最大，could其次，may更次之，might最小。

[短语句型集成训练]
Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空
①They produced two reports, neither of which was/were (be) of great value.
②The elder, in particular, who had just come down from the university, thought he was a bit of an expert.
③There is no doubt that the measures taken by the government will help the economy improve.
④They covered him with a blanket, only leaving his eyes exposed (expose)．
⑤I don’t take much exercise now, but I did play football a lot when I was young.
⑥He said mildly to me that he didn’t mean to_upset (upset) me.
2．运用所学短语完成片段
①So_far (到目前为止) I have learned four languages ②apart_from (除了) English.
③In_the_development_of (在……发展中) the society, English is widely used in the world. ④The_number_of (……的数量) people who are learning English is increasing rapidly.There is no doubt that English ⑤is_necessary_for (对……是必需的) everyone
in the future.⑥In_this_respect (就这方面而言), we should learn English well.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1．accustom全扫描
(1)同义句改写
He was accustomed to the custom and didn’t want to change it.
①Accustomed_to_the_custom,_he_didn’t_want_to_change_it. (过去分词短语作状语)
②Accustoming_himself_to_the_custom,_he_didn’t_want_to_change_it. (现在分词短语作状语)
(2)单句改错
③Growing up in the country, he is used to get up early.get→getting
2．“情态动词＋have done”结构多角度
补全句子
①He could_have_passed_the_exam (本来能够通过考试), but he was too careless.
②—Jenny, I have washed the clothes for you.
—Thanks.You needn’t_have_done (本没有必要那样做) it.I could manage it myself.
③There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party.You ought_to_have_come (原本该来), but why didn’t you?
④—Mummy, I climbed to get the teddy bear from the top of the shelf.
—My goodness! You might_have_hurt (可能会伤到) yourself.
⑤Tom, you are too lazy.The work should_have_been_finished (本应该完成) yesterday.
⑥Jack described his father, who must_have_been (一定是) a brave boy many years ago, as a strong­willed man.
[单元语基落实]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Adopting different approaches (approach) to dealing with the problem, I have been successful.
2．Take care not to keep your children exposed (expose) to the bad books, net and magazines.
3．The number of people who travel by plane in China is (be) larger than ever before.
4．More children in Beijing will reach school age next year, creating (create) a shortage of primary school teachers in the capital.
5．It cannot be questioned that the new method is superior to the old one.
6．“Long time no see! ” is sort of informal, but it is part of the language that Americans use daily.
7．I should have_helped (help) Peter with his work, but I had a lot of things to do myself.
8．Some social scientists suggest that Westerners should take advantage of the ancient Chinese wisdom to make up for the drawbacks of Western philosophy.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Compared the youth to the rising sun at 8 or 9 o’clock, he expressed his great hope for the young pared→Comparing
2．Our government do need to take some measures to reduce the housing price.do→does
3．This new machine is technically far superior than the previous type.than→to 4．—Tom got the highest mark in this exam.
—There’s no doubt if he was so happy.if→that
5．Because of too much homework, gone are the days that we can play day and night.that→when
6．Peter was seen crying when he was coming out of the office.He must have scolded by the manager.have后加been
7．I was accustomed to be the only child at a table full of adults.be→being 8．You have no alternative but stay here overnight.but后加to
Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练
(一)依据提示补全短文
Last month Tom and I settled in pared_to/with (与……相比) Tom, I have_the_confidence_to (有信心) adapt to the new surroundings.Up to now,I have coped_with (处理) different kinds of problems and got/become_accustomed_to (习惯于) the new life in America.However (When/After/However), Tom failed_to_adjust_to (没能适应) the new life.The biggest problem for him is that he can’t talk with t he local people freely.①English plays an important part in our everyday life.I’ll try my best to help him.I think the more he is_exposed_to (接触) the English­speaking environment, the better he will learn the language.
(二)按要求将词汇句式升级
1．用本单元高级词汇替换加黑部分
(1)Up to now→So_far
(2)different kinds of→a_range_of
2．用强调句型(强调谓语)改写句①
English_does_play_an_important_part_in_our_everyday_life.。