巴库商用变压器油的完善运行性能

~,
Base
oil 0 05%
Base o i l + i o n o l o,1%
0.2%
Base o i l + AzNII-11 0.1% o,o5%
0,2%
x~ M
0
8
10 12
0,03 0,03 0,03
0,13 0,11 0, I1
0,040 0,012 0,008
0, 14 0,016 0,10 [ 0,010 0,10 [0,010
0,I0 0,05 0,06
0,009 0,008 0,009
0,01 0,01 0,01
0,03 0,03 0,02
0,08
0,07 0,04
0,03 0,02 0,02
0,04 0, 05 0,04
0,03 0,015 0,02
0,04 0,04 0,04
T A B L E 3. Results of Prolonged Oxidation of Transformer Oils of Different Degrees of Purification
Oil
I Timebefore[Water solan acid r e - l u b l e acids, action ap- I oears, h Img KOH 168 168 216 288 168 192 312 312 192
288
Acid No., mg KOH
1Color according [
[to NPA, mark
I
Tangent of the angle of dielectric loss, % at 70"C at IO0~
Purified with 8% ionol: without additive . . . . . . . . with addition of ionoh 0.1% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2% . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29,2 17,3 17,8 12,1 18,0 16,8 9,0 8,5 11,6 8,8 16,4 13,6 12,0
100 57,8 64,0 46,0 56,0 71,0
34,7 29,3 32,0 32,5
0.3%.
with 0.2% AzNII-II . . . . . . Purified with 10% acid: without additive . . . . . . . with addition of iono1: 0.1% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2~ . . . .Байду номын сангаас. . . . . . . . . .
0,037 0,02 0,022 0,024 0,065 0,027 0,01 0,008 0,027 0,029 0,025 0,022 0,041
0,14 0,08 0,08 0,07 0,13 0,13 0,06 0,05 0,09 0,07 0,11 0,08 0,08
Opaque Faintly translu.
with 0.2~ AzNII-I1 . . . . .
312 312 312
>8+ 7+ 3+
78,0 24,4 27,0
Table 2 gives the stabilities of transformer oils of different degrees of purification, containing the antioxidizing agents ionol and AzNII-11. It will be seen that the additon of 0.05% ionol to oil purified with 8% acid has little effect on the stability. However, addition of the same amount of ionol to oils purified with 10 and 12% acid reduces the content of the deposit in oxidized oil. Addition of 0.1% ionol to oils purified with 10 and 12% acid has an even more marked effect on the oil stability. An increase in the ionol concentration to 0.2% leads to a further increase in stability. Addition of 0.05-0.2% of AzNII-11 has little effect on the amount of the deposit in oil purified with 8% acid, but reduces the oil's acid number. Addition of the same amount of additive to oils purified with 10 and 12% acids greatly reduces the amount of deposit and reduces the acid number. Table 3 gives the resutts of prolonged (300 h) oxidation of the oils at 105~ It will be seen that the aqueous extract of commercial oil purified with 8% acid gives an acid reaction after oxidation for 168 h. The time before the aqueous extract displays an acid reaction increases with the degree of purification and reaches 812 h for oils purified with 12% acid; it is accompanied by a reduction in the tangent of the angle of the dielectric losses and of the content of water-soluble acids in the oxidized oil. Assessment of oil stability by this method reveals the greater effectiveness of ionol and the greater susceptibility to additives of oils subjected to stronger acid treatment than in the case of COST 981-55. We also observe a dearer difference between oils purified with 10 and 12% acid. The oil obtained by treatment with 10% acid and containing ionol has rather better antioxidizing properties than the oil containing this additive but purified with 12% acid.
0.03 0. II
0. 03
0. II
INKhP AN Azerb. SSP~ TsVL Mosenergo. 23-27, July, 1967.
Translated from Khtmiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 7, pp.
487
TABLE 2. Stabilities of Transformer Oils of Different Degrees of Purification, Determined in Accordance with COST 981-55
The transformer oil presently obtained from Baku petroleum has a rather poor performance and does not meet
requirements. The i m p r o v e m e n t of this oil has been the subject of much research by INKhP of the Azerbaidzhan Academy of Sciences [1-7]. It has been shown that the deterioration in the oil's quality is due to a change in the range of p e troleums being refined, and that an improvement could be o b t a i n e d by the use of adsorption refining. However, the improvement of the transformer oil obtained by a c i d - a l k a l i treatment at the Baku Refinery (named for the 22nd Session of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union) cannot wait until the necessary adsorption refining plant has been erected and put into operation. We have studied the feasibility of improving the performance of transformer oils ( c o m m e r c i a l grade and that obtained by intensified acid treatment) by the use of the antioxidants ionol and AzNII-11 (the latter was synthesized in INKhP of the Azerbaidzhan Academy of Sciences). As base oils we tried out distillates purified in an industrial installation at acid consumption 8, 10, and 12~ Table 1 gives the physicochemical characteristics of the base oils of different degrees of purification. It will be seen that they differ little from one another, both as regards physicochemical indices and antioxidizing stability, determined by GOST 981-55. It should be noted, however, that the tangent of the angle of dielectric losses at 70~ decreases with increasing degree of purification. TABLE 1. Physicochemical Indices of Transformer Oils from Buzovny Petroleum Sulfuric acid consumption Indices Density pJo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Viscosity, cs: at 50~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . at 20~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acid number, mg KOH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alkali test, points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water-soluble acids and alkalis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flash point in closed crucible, ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pour point, ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tangent of angle of d i e l e c t r i c losses, %o: at 20~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . at 70~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .