GPRS基础理论知识6

GPRSSYSNokia GPRS Architecture Training Document错误！使用“开始”选项卡将 Title 应用于要在此处显示的文字。

The information in this document is subject to change without notice and describes only the product defined in the introduction of this documentation. This document is intended for the use of Nokia Networks' customers only for the purposes of the agreement under which the document is submitted, and no part of it may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or means without the prior written permission of Nokia Networks. The document has been prepared to be used by professional and properly trained personnel, and the customer assumes full responsibility when using it. Nokia Networks welcomes customer comments as part of the process of continuous development and improvement of the documentation.The information or statements given in this document concerning the suitability, capacity, or performance of the mentioned hardware or software products cannot be considered binding but shall be defined in the agreement made between Nokia Networks and the customer. However, Nokia Networks has made all reasonable efforts to ensure that the instructions contained in the document are adequate and free of material errors and omissions. Nokia Networks will, if necessary, explain issues which may not be covered by the document. Nokia Networks' liability for any errors in the document is limited to the documentary correction of errors. Nokia Networks WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE IN ANY EVENT FOR ERRORS IN THIS DOCUMENT OR FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL (INCLUDING MONETARY LOSSES), that might arise from the use of this document or the information in it.This document and the product it describes are considered protected by copyright according to the applicable laws.NOKIA logo is a registered trademark of Nokia Corporation.Other product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks of their respective companies, and they are mentioned for identification purposes only.Copyright © Nokia Networks Oy 2013. All rights reserved.错误！使用“开始”选项卡将 Heading 9 应用于要在此处显示的文字。

Contents1 Objectives (5)2 Nokia GPRS Release 1 functionality (6)2.1 GPRS point-to-point IP service (6)2.2 SGSN to MSC/VLR Interface (Gs) (6)2.3 Cell reselection (6)2.4 SMS through GPRS (7)2.5 Charging (7)2.6 Roaming (7)2.7 Quality of Service (8)2.8 Access to Internet (8)2.9 Corporate access solutions (9)3 Base Station Subsystem - BSS (11)3.1 BTS (11)3.2 BSC (11)4 Core Network Subsystem - CNS (15)4.1 MSC/VLR (15)4.2 HLR and EIR (15)5 GPRS backbone – SGSN (16)5.1 SGSN architecture (17)5.1.1 Packet Processing Unit (PAPU) (19)5.1.2 Signalling and Mobility Management Unit (SMMU) (20)5.1.3 SGSN interfaces (20)5.2 SGSN capacity (22)5.3 Charging in SGSN (23)6 GPRS backbone - GGSN (25)6.1 GGSN (25)6.2 Hardware platform (25)6.2.1 GGSN Interfaces (26)6.3 Software platform (27)6.3.1 The operating system (27)6.3.2 Routing protocols (27)6.3.3 Optional software modules (27)6.3.4 The filtering and routing process (27)6.3.5 GGSN interworking services (28)6.3.6 GGSN access points (29)6.3.7 GGSN redundancy (30)6.3.8 GGSN management (30)6.4 GGSN capacity (30)6.5 Charging in GGSN (31)错误！使用“开始”选项卡将 Title 应用于要在此处显示的文字。

7 GPRS backbone – Charging Gateway (32)7.1 CG and CDRs (32)7.2 CG functionality (34)7.3 CG architecture (36)7.4 CG and roaming (39)8 Network Management System (40)8.1 GPRS NMS platform (41)8.2 GPRS NMS functionalities (44)9 Service management (53)10 Benefits of the Nokia GPRS solution (54)11 Key points (55)12 Summary Q&A (56)Appendix A - Plug-in units in SGSN (59)Appendix B – CG output CDR information (60)References (61)Abbreviations (62)错误！使用“开始”选项卡将 Heading 1 应用于要在此处显示的文字。

1 ObjectivesAt the end of this module, the participant will be able to:∙describe the Nokia GPRS Release 1 functionality∙name the components of the Nokia GPRS solution∙list the capacities of the Nokia SGSN∙name the components in the Nokia GPRS backbone basic solution∙list the capacities and functions of the Nokia GGSN∙list the components of the GPRS NMS solution∙list the functions that the NMS performs over the IP network∙explain the architecture and list the functions of the Nokia CG∙name the advantages of the Nokia GPRS solutionwithout reference to notes.错误！使用“开始”选项卡将 Title 应用于要在此处显示的文字。

2 Nokia GPRS Release 1 functionality2.1 GPRS point-to-point IP serviceNokia GPRS Release 1 supports Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) point-to-point connections. Each user can activate up to two PDP contextssimultaneously. Both static and dynamic IP addressing are supported (definedper subscriber in the HLR).Nokia GPRS Release 1 does not include network initiated PDP contextactivation, anonymous access, point-to-multipoint services or X.25 networkinterface functions. These will be considered for later releases.2.2 SGSN to MSC/VLR Interface (Gs)The Nokia solution includes the SGSN to MSC/VLR Interface (Gs). For class Aand class B mobile terminals, an association is made in the VLR and SGSN toindicate that they refer to the same physical mobile. This will give the followingfunctions:∙Class B GPRS mobiles can receive paging for circuit switched calls viaGPRS channels. The GPRS is then suspended and the mobile moves tocircuit switched mode to start the call.∙Combined routing area and location area attaches and updates.∙Combined detaches from GPRS and circuit switched services.2.3 Cell reselectionThere are no handovers as such in GPRS. Instead there is cell reselection, whichis made autonomously by the mobile. The parameters used by the mobile forcell reselection are sent from the network and can be different for each cell.There is an option in the GPRS specifications to enable network controlled cellreselection. This requires GPRS terminals to send measurement results to theBSS. This is not implemented in Nokia GPRS Release 1. Sending measurementreports could add a considerable extra load to the network.错误！使用“开始”选项卡将 Heading 1 应用于要在此处显示的文字。