AkzoNobe
Akzo Nobel Coatings Inc. Resicoat R4-ES HJF42R 防腐蚀
Functional Powder CoatingsProduct Datasheet20, Culvert Street T+1 855-294-8934Nashville, TN 37210F+1 615-564-4181USAResicoat ®R4-ESfor Electrostatic Spray Application on Preheated Surfaces Code: HJF42RProduct DescriptionResicoat ® R4 is a high quality thermosetting epoxy powder coating for the corrosion protection of valves and fittings, manufactured from cast iron or steel. The powder coating is available to be applied in one layer on a preheated surface by electrostatic spray application. Typical film thickness achieved is in the range of 250 – 500 µm. The resultant thermoset epoxy has a high mechanical resistance with excellent electrical insulation properties. Drinking water approvals are available to confirm the coatings suitability, as a hygienic and environmental friendly coating. The outstanding adhesion of Resicoat ® R4epoxy powders to the metal substrate provides long term protection of the coated component. It ensures a reliable conservation to the function and value of the parts for the common water and gasdistribution network. The applicator of Resicoat ®R4 benefits from a modern and environmentallyfriendly process. It is possible to overcoat Resicoat ®R4 with polyester powder and liquid coatings to achieve UV protection.Typical valueMethod Powder PropertiesBinder System Epoxy resinDensity1.45 – 1.55 g/cm³ASTM D5965Gel time at 392° F (200° C )25 – 40 sec.ASTM D4217Particle size distribution D10 = 10 – 15 µm D90 = 135 – 160 µm Malvern ISO 8130-1Storage stability 6 months at ≤ 74 °F (23 °C)Safety precautionsSee Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS)Application DataPreheating temperature object 392 – 428 °F (200 – 220 °C) object temperaturePost cure conditions objectThe coating is self curing, if the wall thickness of the steel/cast iron is greater than 8 mm. If the wall thickness of the steel/cast iron is less than 8 mm, additional curing of 3 to 8 minutes at 392 °F (200 °C) object temperature is required.1. Pre-cleaning The surface must be free of oil, grease, salt, and other impurities.2. BlastingMolding sand, rust and sharp edges must be removed with angular steel grit. The graphite from the cast iron must beremoved from the blasting material according NACE No.2/ SSPC-10/Sa 2.5. Recommended anchor profile of ≥60 µm should be stored max. 4 hours before pre-heating (dust-free and dry).3. Pre-heating This form of heating produces a uniform, defined temperature in the component. Any oxidation should be avoided.4. Coating applicationImmediately after preheating, the coating process starts without loosing any object temperature. The coating is done in the shortest possible time in a single pass with no interruptionFunctional Powder Coatings20, Culvert Street T+1 855-294-8934Nashville, TN 37210F+1 615-564-4181USATypical valueMethodCoating Process5. Coating cureCuring is achieved by the heat contained in the object. If the heating capacity of the work piece is sufficient. To confirm fully curing, MIBK is dropped for 30 sec. on the film surface with no visible change.Material PropertiesColorblueRecommended film thickness 10 – 14 mils (250 – 350 µm)Flowsmooth Gloss at 90° angle 70 – 90 units DIN 67530Cross cut test Gt 0DIN EN ISO 2409Impact resistance> 5 Joule > 2.26 Joule > 18 JouleDIN 30677-2ASTM D279420 inchpoundASTM G14 modified1/8 in (3.2 mm) steel plate Abrasion resistance < 40 mg ASTM D4060CS-17, 1000 g, 1000 cycles Dielectric strength≥ 30 kV/mm IEC 60243-1Volume resistivity (DC voltage) 1.1 x 1015ASTM D257Elongation> 5 %DIN 30671Indentation resistance 48 h, 158 °F (70 °C)24 h, 140 °F (60 °C)< 30 %< 10 %DIN 30677-2/DIN EN 14901ASTM G17Compressive strength > 100 MPa ASTM D695Shear adhesion> 35 MPa ASTM D1002Heat aging in air (90 d), water fulfilled DIN EN 14901Thermal stability under heat aging pass AS/NZS 4158:2003Weathering (Xenon test), 100 d pass ASTM D2596-99HardnessF Pencil Strain polarization pass WIS 4-52-01Cathodic disbonding 30 d, 74 °F (23 °C)≤ 10 mm DIN 30677-2, GSK Hot water immersion 90 d, 158 °F (70 °C)pass AWWA C550-05Adhesion> 20 MPa ASTM D4541Adhesion after 7 d,194 °F (90°C)water≥ 16 MPaISO 4624, GSK Tensile strength approx. 500 kg/cm³ASTM D2370Penetration< 5 %ASTM G17Functional Powder Coatings20, Culvert Street T+1 855-294-8934Nashville, TN 37210F+1 615-564-4181USATypical valueMethodMaterial PropertiesDisinfectant resistanceaccording DVGW work sheet W 291(chlorine dioxide, sodium hypochlorite)no change of surface,no chalkingafter 10 test stages à 15 h The following migration test with demineralised water showed no defects of the film. The concentration of the examined parameters in the tested water were below the limits of the epoxy guideline for ancillaries for pipes DN > 300 mm (in main trunks).Water condensation test (Cleveland test), 21 d no changeASTM D4585Salt spray resistance, 2000 h no blistering, no loss of adhesionBS 3900:F4Salt spray test, 4000 hno under-rusting on the cut DIN EN ISO 9227(steel substrate)Water absorption, 100 d, 74 °F (23 °C)pass AS/NZS 3862Chemical resistance (pH 3–13, 23° C)fulfilledEN 598Conformities ·AWWA C116·AWWA C550-05·EN 14901·ISO 12944-2, table 1(standard does not include powder coating systems)It is assumed that Resicoat ® R4 is suitable to meet the high atmospheric corrosivity category C4 (typically in industrial areas and coastal areas with moderate salinity) and the very high atmospheric- corrosivity -categories C5-I (industrial) and C5-M (marine) if applied as a holiday-free coating at a film thickness> 400 µm. A sufficient film thickness is highly required to ensure good edge coverage. For gloss and color stability a UV-resistant polyester topcoat has to be applied.Drinking Water ApprovalsUS: ANSI/NSF 61 Drinking Water System Components – Health Effects, NSF DE: UBA-Coatings Guideline, Approval no.: C-138801-06, Hygiene InstitutDE: DVGW directive work sheet W 270, Approval no. W-211795-11, Hygiene Institut UK: BS 6920, Approval No. 1112500, WRASDate of issue:July 10, 2015Authorized by:GK Revision No.:3Disclaimer: This Product Data Sheet is based on the present state of our knowledge and on current laws. The data referring to Powder Properties, Application Data and Physical Tests is based on lab based samples. Factors such as quality or condition of the substrate may have an effect on the use and application of the product. It remains the responsibility of the user to test thoroughly if the product is applicable for the intended use. The use of the product beyond our recommendation releases us from our responsibility, unless we have recommended the specific use in writing. It is always the responsibility of the user to take all necessary steps to fulfil the demands set out in the local rules and legislation. We are not liable for any application-technological advice. The Product Data Sheet shall be updated from time to time. Please ensure you have the latest version before using the product. All products and Product Data Sheets are subject to our standard terms and conditions of sale (GCS). You can receive the latest copy of GCS via internet or our post address. Brand names mentioned in this Product Data Sheet are trademarks of or are licensed to the AkzoNobel group.Resistance against chemical substances of Resicoat ®R4 at room temperature20, Culvert Street T+1 855-294-8934Nashville, TN 37210F+1 615-564-4181USA Chemical resistanceAugust 01, 2014Page 1 of 3Acetic acid 10 % 2 years no change Ammonia 10 % 2 years no change Ammonia 36 % 1.5 years no change Antifrogen L 50 % 1 year no change Antifrogen N 50 %1 year no change Benzol 1 month no change Bore oil 1 year no change Butanol6 months no change Carbon tetra chloride 1 yearno change Caustic soda solution 10 % 2 years no change Caustic soda solution50 %2 years no change Chlorine cleanser and disinfectant 1.5 years no change Citric acid2 years no change Deicer Safeway KF HOT 1 year no change Deicer Safeway SF (solid) 1 year no change Deicer Safewing MP II 1951 1 yearno change Dichromatic potassium 10 % 1 year no change Diesel2 years no change Engine oil SAE 20 1 year no change Ethanol 1 year no change Ethyleneglycole 1 yearno change Formaldehyde 37 % 6 months no change Formic acid 5 % 2 years no change Formic acid 10 %1.5 years no change Glycerol 1 year no change Glysantin 1 yearno change Hydrochloric acid concentrated1 week no change Hydrochloric acid 10 %2 years no change Hydrochloric acid 25 % 1.5 yearsno change Hydrofluoric acid 1 % 1 day no change Hydrogen peroxide 3 % 1 year no change Hydrogen peroxide10 %1 yearfadedLactic acid10 % 1 week no changeMethanol 1 week no changeMethyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE)100% 6 months softeningNitric acid10 % 1.5 years no changeNitric acid25 % 1 year no changeOxalic acid 5 % 6 months no changePalm oil at 90° C7 days no changePetrol 2 years no changePetroleum 1 year no changePhosphoric acid10 % 2 years no changePhosphoric acid50 % 2 years no changePotassium hydroxide10 % 1 year no changePotassium hydroxide25 % 1 year no changePotassium hydroxide50 % 1 year no changePropanol 1 year no changeSea water 2 years no changeSodium acetate10 % 1 year no changeSodium carbonate20 % 1 year no changeSodium hypochlorite (15 % Cl2)10 weeks no changeSodium chloride 2 % 1 year no changeSodium chloride20 % 1 year no changeSodium formiate10 % 1 year no changeSuds 1 % 1 year no changeSulphuric acid 2 % 2 years no changeSulphuric acid20 % 2 years no changeSulphuric acid50 % 2 years no changeTartaric acid 5 % 1 year no changeToluol 1 year no changeTurpentine oil 1 year no changeUrea10 % 1 year no changeUrine 1 year no changeXylol 1 year no change 20, Culvert Street T+1 855-294-8934Nashville, TN 37210F+1 615-564-4181USA Chemical resistance August 01, 2014Page 2 of 3Our printed literature and technical information Sheets as well as our advisory services are offered to facilitate andsupport decision-making processes. All specifications provided reflect the state of our knowledge at the time of print. Anytechnical data and measured values supplied have been tested for compliance with current applicable standards, ifavailable. The information provided is not legally binding upon the party supplying such information.20, Culvert Street T+1 855-294-8934Nashville, TN 37210F+1 615-564-4181USA Chemical resistance August 01, 2014Page 3 of 3。
阿克苏诺贝尔粉末涂料产品数据表 - Interpon ACE 2010 YN106G 黑色中光泽平滑
Akzo Nobel Powder Coatings BVProduct Data SheetAkzoNobel Powder CoatingsInterpon ACE 2010YN106G Black Medium Gloss SmoothProduct Description Interpon ACE 2010is a series of superior UV and weather resistant TGIC-free polyester powdercoatings designed for exterior exposure and for use as a decorative and/or functional coating foragricultural and construction equipment and components. These coatings also provide significantlyimproved gloss retention and resistance to color change and possess outstanding transfer efficiencyand faraday cage penetration.Powder Properties Chemical type Polyester super-durable (TGIC-free)Area of usage Exterior parts for agricultural machinery or construction equipmentParticle Size Custom manufacturedAppearance Smooth, Medium glossColour BlackGloss (60°)60 ± 5 GUDensity (g/cm3)1,25 ± 0,10Stoving schedue15-30 minutes at 180°C, 10-25 minutes at 190°C, 8-20 minutes at 200°C(time at object temperature)Recommended DFT DTM: 70μm min - 110μm max; On Primer: 50μm min - 90μm max;On e-coat 45μm min - 90μm maxFailure to observe the correct curing and DFT conditions may cause adifference in color, gloss and the deterioration of the coating propertiesApplication ElectrostaticStorage Stability Under dry, cool (<25°C) conditions, at least 12 months from productiondate.Test Conditions The results are based on mechanical and chemical tests which (unless otherwise indicated) have been carried out under laboratory conditions and are given for guidance only. Actual product performance willdepend upon the circumstances under which the product is used.Substrate Cold Rolled SteelPretreatment Iron phosphate pretreated panels (ACT BonderiteÒ1070 DIW Panels)Film Thickness76-90 µmCure Schedule15 minutes at 190°CMechanical Tests Elongation ASTM-D522(conical mandrel)No crack at max elongationAdhesion ASTM-D3359(2 mm crosscut)5BHardness ASTM D3363(Gouge)3HCorrosion and Chemical Tests Cyclic Corrosion SAE J233440 days corrosion creep ≤ 3,5 mm fromscribeChemical resistance Good resistance to DI water, diesel fueland engine oilDurability Tests Exterior durability SAE J25272000h, excellent color and glossretention performanceColor stability atelevated temperatureGoodAkzoNobel Powder Coatings B.V. T +31 (0)71 308 6981Rijksstraatweg 31 (building 24) F +31 (0)71 318 6924PO Box 2170BA SassenheimThe NetherlandsPretreatment Aluminum, steel or Zinc surfaces to be coated must be clean and free from grease. Iron phosphate andparticularly lightweight zinc phosphating of ferrous metals improves corrosion resistance.Aluminum substrates may require a chromate or non-chromate conversion coating.Application Interpon ACE 2010 YN106G powders can be applied by manual or automatic electrostatic sprayequipment.It is recommended that for consistent application and appearance product be fluidized duringapplication. Unused powder can be reclaimed using suitable equipment and recycled through the coating system.Safety Precautions This product is intended for use only by professional applicators in industrial environments and shouldnot be used without reference to the relevant health and safety data sheet which Akzo Nobel has provided to its customers.DisclaimerIMPORTANT NOTE: The information in this data sheet is not intended to be exhaustive and is based on thepresent state of our knowledge and on current laws: any person using the product for any purpose otherthan that specifically recommended in the technical data sheet without first obtaining written confirmationfrom us as to the suitability of the product for the intended purpose does so at his own risk. It is always theresponsibility of the user to take all necessary steps to fulfill the demands set out in the local rules andlegislation. Always read the Material Data Sheet and the Technical Data Sheet for this product if available. Alladvice we give or any statement made about the product by us (whether in this data sheet or otherwise) iscorrect to the best of our knowledge but we have no control over the quality or the condition of the substrateor the many factors affecting the use and application of the product.Therefore, unless we specifically agree in writing otherwise, we do not accept any liability whatsoever for theperformance of the product or for any loss or damage arising out of the use of the product. All productssupplied and technical advices given are subject to our standard terms and conditions of sale. You shouldrequest a copy of this document and review it carefully. The information contained in this data sheet issubject to modification from time to time in the light of experience and our policy of continuousdevelopment. It is the user's responsibility to verify that this data sheet is current prior to using the product.Brand names mentioned in this data sheet are trademarks of or are licensed to AkzoNobelAkzoNobel Powder Coatings B.V.T +31 (0)71 308 6981 Rijksstraatweg 31 (building 24) F +31 (0)71 318 6924 PO Box 2170BA SassenheimThe Netherlands。
光开关主要性能指标及各类光开关比较
光开关主要性能指标及各类光开关比较【内容摘要】：前面已经讲到光开关是光交换的关键器件，其主要任务是切换光路，是全光网中全光交换的核心器件。
本文讲述如何评价光开关质量优劣的主要性能参数并对现有光开关作一定的比较，希望帮助读者对光开关有一个更好的理解。
【关键字】：光开关 性能参数 质量比较【正文】：一、 光开关的主要性能参数1、开关时间：开关时间是光开关的主要指标。
不同的应用场合,对光开关的开关时间要求不同。
如下图是实现一些特定功能对光开关的时间需求：2、损耗：光信号通过光开关时，将伴随着能量损耗。
依据功率预算设计网络时，光开关及其级联损耗对网络性能的影响很大。
损耗和干扰将影响到功率预算。
光开关损耗产生的原因主要有两个：光纤和光开关端口耦合时的损耗和光开关自身材料对光信号产生的损耗。
在这里主要强调插入损耗。
插入损耗：光信号通过连接器之后，其输出光功率相对输入光功率的比率的分贝数。
其中Pin 为进入开关的光功率，Pout 为出开关的光功率。
一个好的光开关要求有较低的插入损耗。
10lg (dB)out inP IL P =-3、光路回波损耗：反射损耗，光纤连接处，后向反射光相对输入光的比率的分贝数：其中Pt 表示回射波的功率，Pl 表示入射波的功率。
光路回波损耗是源于光开关与电缆链路中由于阻抗不匹配而产生反射的而造成的损耗。
4、交换矩阵的大小：光开关交换矩阵的大小反映了光开关的交换能力。
光开关处于网络不同位置，对其交换矩阵大小要求也不同。
对于大交换容量的光开关，可以通过较多的小光开关叠加而成。
HP/Agilent Bubble 开关阵列5、交换速度：交换速度是衡量光开关性能的重要指标。
交换速度有两个重要的量级，当从一个端口到另一个端口的交换时间达到几个ms 时，对因故障而重新选择路由的时间已经够了。
如SDH/SONET 来说，因故障而重新选路时，50ms 的交换时间几乎可以使上层感觉不到。
当交换时间到达ns 量级时，可以支持光互联网的分组交换。
AkzoNobe
AkzoNobe
AkzoNobe——阿克苏诺贝尔是全球领先的工业企业，总部设于荷兰阿姆斯特丹，核心业务包括装饰漆、高性能涂料业务和专业化学品业务，是全球领先的油漆和涂料公司。
该品牌的油漆也用于一些高端汽车上，例如迈凯伦650s Spider，其使用目的是为了更好的控制车身自重。
阿克苏诺贝尔与中国的渊源可追溯到1898年。
20世纪70年代末，当中国对国际企业重新打开大门时，阿克苏诺贝尔便积极地投身于中国市场。
随着中国不断深化经济改革开放，阿克苏诺贝尔逐渐加大对中国市场的投入。
中国也已成为公司重要的战略增长地区。
截止至2012年底，阿克苏诺贝尔在中国已成立了29家生产基地，包括目前已累计投资4.1亿美元建成的宁波多元化生产基地，1个创新中心、1个服务中心及遍布全国的销售办事处。
阿克苏诺贝尔在中国的7700名员工与全球成员一起不断追求卓越，为包括中国在内的全球客户开发提供各种可持续发展的解决方案。
阿克苏诺贝尔包装涂料介绍
Packaging Coatings | Title
16
Epoxy Phenolic & Epoxy Amino
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600 500 400 300 200 100 0 ANPG Valspar PPG Grace Others 2010 Volume (kg) 2010 Value (€) Grace 3% PPG 15% Valsp ar 33% Other s 19%
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Epoxy ester
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色谱柱常用填料
保护柱填料一般与分析柱填料相同。
Hypersil 填料Hypersil填料是基于粒度为3um、5um和10um,孔径为120A的硅胶为基质的HPLC 填料其生产过程的质量控制标准非常严格全世界数千个实验室使用Hypersil色谱柱已长达20多年很多应用实例可以从多种文献及著名杂志上查到。
大量的试验测试已经证实Hypersil ODS2 填料是替代Waters Spherisorb ODS2的最佳填料无论是在酸性还是碱性样品的分析上选择性与峰型几乎与其保持一致。
|Hypersil BDS 填料尽管常规填料色谱柱具有优异的选择性和较长的色谱柱寿命且对于简单的两元流动相如甲醇/水当样品为酸性中性和弱碱性化合物时均可获得较佳的峰不对称度但当分析药物等样品中的强极性含氮的化合物时样品峰型就极差拖尾严重并导致定量分析精度下降时常会出现一些小峰埋没于前一拖尾峰的尾巴中造成该现象的原因是固定相上尚有残余的硅羟基尽管很多厂家对硅胶表面作了第二次反应即所谓的封尾以减小残余硅羟基的作用但往往都不能完全消除残余的硅羟基的影响Hypersil公司开发的将残余的硅羟基降至极限的Hypersil BDS （Base Deactived Silica碱钝化硅胶）系列产品并用现代衍生反应技术生产出特别适用于碱性化合物的真正均一反相填料。
Hypersil BDS填料的特征*对碱性化合物有更好的峰型*更长的柱寿命*更好的稳定性*同碱性化合物一样酸性和中性化合物也有非常优异的峰型真正的通用柱填料。
尽管常规填料色谱柱具有优异的选择性和较长的色谱柱寿命。
且对于简单的两元流动相（如甲醇/水），当样品为酸性、中性和弱碱性化合物时均可获得较佳的峰不对称度。
但当分析药物等样品中的强极性含氮的化合物时，样品峰型就极查，拖尾严重，并导致定量分析精度下降，时常会出现一些小峰埋没于前一拖尾峰的尾巴中，造成该现象的原因是固定相上尚有残余的硅羟基。
尽管很多厂家对硅胶表面作了第二次反应，即所谓的“封尾”，以减小残余硅羟基的作用，但往往都不能完全消除残余的硅羟基的影响。
麦可门推出Ecronova RA 180 Plus树脂产品,增强木器涂料的耐沾污和防褪色性能
日本太 洋 涂 料 株 式 会 社 （Ｔａｉｙｏ Ｔｏｒｙｏ）与喜 多俊 之 设 计 研 究 所 （Ｔｏｓｈｉｙｕｋｉ Ｋｉｔａ）的 设 计 师 Ｒｙｕｉｃｈｉ Ｋｏｚｅｋｉ合 作研 制 了一 款 创 新 的彩 色 水 性 可 剥 离涂 料 产 品 Ｍａｓｋｉｎｇ Ｃｏｌｏｒ￣ ，产 品具 有 不 透 明 和透 明 ２类 ， 共 ２Ｏ个颜 色 。
经剥 离 的 Ｍａｓｋｉｎｇ Ｃｏｌｏｒ￣ 可重 复 贴 在 墙 壁 或玻 璃 上 ，非 常适 合装 饰 房 间。此 外 ，该 产 品 的包 装 采 用 了笔 型设计 ，使 用非 常方 便 ，其 颜 色可 以互 相混 合 ，同 时也可使用毛笔、刷子 、滚筒等涂刷。
３．４７亿 美 元 ，同比增长 ８．１％，调 整后 的净 利 润 为 ３．５１亿 美元 。同 比增长 ７．３％。
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全新合作模 式 ：科思创与汽车涂料专 委会 携手搭建公共技术服务 平台
在传 统 的 中国汽 车修补 漆行 业 ，科 思 创联合 汽 车 涂 料专 委会 发起 了分 享 最 新 技 术 应 用 经 验 的创 新 平 台— —科 思 创华南 联 合实 验室 ，以此 帮助 本 土企业 对 接 国 际汽车 涂料 新 技 术 、缩 短 创新 产 品 商业 化 周 期 ， 为国内企业解决在创新 型修补漆产品生产和应用 中 的通用 性技 术难 题 ．并 分 享相关 的最新技 术 经验 。
Ｅｅｒｏｎｏｖａ ＲＡ １８０ Ｐｌｕｓ不 含 防腐 剂 。在 木 器 底 漆 应用 中能够极 其 有 效 地 阻 隔单 宁 酸 和 尼古 丁 。其 优 异 的耐 沾污 能力 和优异 的耐擦 洗 能力 ，使 之 可有 效应 用于二合一的墙体 涂料 配方 中。同时，Ｅｃｒｏｎｏｖａ ＲＡ １８０ Ｐｌｕｓ不含 溶剂 和表 面活 性剂 ，在 应 用 中不 需要 成 膜剂 ，因而使 得最 终涂 料配方 的 ＶＯＣ极 低 。此外 ，它 还 能提 供极 为 出色 的附着力 、防水 性能 和耐 碱性 能 。
玻璃钢常用树脂基本性能
常用树脂基本性能1邻苯型树脂（1）百良材P65-901简介百良材P65-901是通用型邻苯型不饱和聚酯树脂，具中等粘度和高反应活性。
具有良好的机械性。
百良材P65-901具有较高的断裂延伸率和冲击强度，适用于要求高机械性能的管道、贮罐、汽车部件等制品。
应用于手糊和缠绕等。
1.液态树脂性能指标（AKZO-Nobel）和1g NL49P（AKZO-Nobel，1%Co）2.浇铸体技术指标（典型值）(2) FL-F886食品级1、简介：富丽FL-F886是以邻苯二甲酸酐，顺丁烯二酸酐和标准二元醇为主要原料的不饱和聚酯树脂，已溶于苯乙烯中。
具有中等粘度和反应活性，适合于玻璃钢管道缠绕以及手糊玻璃钢工艺。
注：25℃水浴，110g树脂中加入2ml过氧化甲乙酮溶液4ml异辛酸钴溶液凝胶时间 11.6－21.6min。
3、树脂浇铸体性能：弯曲弹性模量MPa ≧3400 冲击强度KJ/m2 12.0（3）树脂型号：HR-192(N)HR-192(N) 是硬质、高反应活性，邻苯不饱和聚酯树脂，其中HR-192含蜡， HR-192N不含蜡。
该树脂具有强度高、韧性好、对玻璃纤维浸润性好等特点。
适用于纤维缠绕（夹砂）成型管道结构层。
注：1）固化系统：0.6%Co-Naph1%，50%MEKPO 1%；2）浇铸体：4mm厚，110℃/2h厚固化；3)浇铸体制样方法按GB-8237-87执行。
使用说明：1)固化剂可使用MEKP，用量为 1.0-2.0%。
促进剂为RCA，用量为1.0-1.5%；2)为了使产品达到更好的性能，可以对产品进行加热后固化处理。
2间苯树脂（1）百良材A400—976简介百良材A400—976是间苯型不饱和聚酯树脂，具中等粘度和高反应活性。
属于食品级树脂。
主要应用于要求高机械性能的管道、贮罐、汽车部件、船舶和对模及其他模塑制品。
应用于手糊和缠绕等。
2. 液态树脂性能指标（25℃）（AKZO-Nobel）和1g NL49P（AKZO-Nobe1%Co）3. 浇铸体技术指标（典型值）（2）FW-H-2028不饱和聚酯树脂1.简介：FW-H-2028不饱和聚酯树脂在是一种间苯不饱和聚酯树脂在苯乙烯中的溶液，具有中等粘度，对玻璃纤维浸润性好。
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akzonobel
akzonobelAkzoNobel: A Global Leader in Sustainable SolutionsIntroduction:AkzoNobel is a leading global company specializing in paints, coatings, and specialty chemicals. With a rich heritage spanning over 350 years, the company has established a strong presence in more than 150 countries. This document aims to provide an in-depth analysis of AkzoNobel's business operations, products, sustainability initiatives, and future prospects.Business Operations:AkzoNobel operates through three primary business divisions: Decorative Paints, Performance Coatings, and Specialty Chemicals. Each division focuses on unique market segments, offering a wide range of products and solutions.1. Decorative Paints:The Decorative Paints division targets the consumer market, providing a vast selection of interior and exterior decorative paints. AkzoNobel's renowned brands, such as Dulux, Sikkens, and Flexa, offer a wide range of colors, finishes, andinnovative formulations. The division also caters to professional painters, architects, and contractors, ensuring a broad customer base.2. Performance Coatings:The Performance Coatings division serves industries such as automotive, aerospace, marine, and packaging. AkzoNobel's innovative coatings enhance performance, protection, and aesthetics in various applications. The division continually invests in research and development to develop advanced coatings that meet evolving customer needs.3. Specialty Chemicals:AkzoNobel's Specialty Chemicals division provides essential chemicals for industrial processes, including ingredients for the production of plastics, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products. The division focuses on sustainable solutions, driving innovation in areas such as energy efficiency and waste reduction.Sustainability Initiatives:As a responsible global corporation, AkzoNobel is committed to sustainable development. The company has set ambitious sustainability targets under its \。
Analysis method(烷基铝介绍)
Introduction of Akzo Nobel Metal AlkylsAkzo Nobel Polymer Chemicals is a major, global supplier of metal alkyls. Using technology licensed by Nobel laureate Karl Ziegler, large-scale production of aluminum alkyls was pioneered by Akzo Nobel in 1959. The original manufacturing site in Deer Park, TX was formerly known as Texas Alkyls, Inc., but has been wholly owned by Akzo Nobel since 1992. Today, Akzo Nobel supplies more than 50 developmental and commercial products encompassing metal alkyl derivatives of aluminum, magnesium, boron and zinc.Recognizing increasing worldwide requirements, Akzo Nobel expanded capacity in 1996 with the construction of a major metal alkyl manufacturing facility near Rotterdam, The Netherlands. From the Deer Park and Rotterdam sites, as well as from smaller facilities in Tianjin, China and Paulinia, Brazil, Akzo Nobel supplies a broad range of metal alkyls to customers on six continents. These customers are primarily manufacturers of polymers, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and synthetic rubber, produced via Ziegler-Natta polymerization.As markets for polyolefins and elastomers grew, so too did Akzo Nobel, expanding scale of manufacture and diversifying product line to accommodate emerging technologies:• In 1971, Akzo Nobel was the first supplier to offer ultrapure trimethygallium (TMG*) for use in making compound semiconductors. In addition to TMG, Akzo Nobel now offers a range of high purity metal organics (HPMO). Such products, previously known as semiconductor grade metal organics (SGMO), have metallic purities in excess of 99.99%. In 2000, HPMO became a separate Akzo Nobel Polymer Chemicals business unit (for more information see ). Facilities for HPMO production were expanded in 1987, 1993 and 2002.• In 1975, Akzo Nobel became the first commercial producer of hydrocarbon-soluble dialkylmagnesium compounds for use in polyethylene manufacture. Akzo Nobel is now the global leader in manufacture of magnesium alkyls for the polyolefins industry.• In 1998, Akzo Nobel completed a major expansion in Deer Park to produce trimethylaluminum (TMAL). TMAL is required for the production of a variety of methylaluminoxanes used as activators (co-catalysts) for single-site catalysts (SSC). It is also a crucial raw material for HPMO products.Akzo Nobel is an industry leader in metal alkyls safety and environmental know-how. Akzo Nobel is committed to the ACC Responsible Care®Code of Management Practices. The Deer Park site has achieved ISO 9001 certification for design, development and manufacture of metal alkyls. Deer Park has also received ISO 14001 certification for environmental standards. The Rotterdam, Paulinia and Tianjin sites are ISO 9002 and ISO 14001 certified. Additionally, Deer Park is an OSHA VPP Star site and both Rotterdam and Paulinia have achieved OHSAS 18001 certification.A. Analysis of Metal AlkylsAnalysis of metal alkyls requires the controlled hydrolysis of the compounds to their respective metal ions, halide ions and alkanes. Generalized equations for these reactions are shown below.R n AIX3-n + 3 H2O n RH + (3-n) HX + AI(OH)3where 1 ≤ n ≤ 3, and X = F, CI, Br, I, H or OR2Mg + 2 H2O Mg(OH)2 + 2 RHR2Zn + H2O ZnO + 2 RHDifferent methods have been advanced to achieve the analysis of metal alkyls.Procedures most suitable for quality control are simple and provide the necessary degree of accuracy and precision. Methods used to determine metal and halide content and hydrolysis gas composition are summarized in the following sections. From a single hydrolysis of a metal alkyl sample, the metal (aluminum, magnesium or zinc) and halogen (chloride and iodide) contents can be determined. By using a different hydrolysis technique, gaseous hydrolysis products consisting of alkanes and hydrogen can be determined.These combined analyses then can be used to derive the composition of the sample.Unlike aluminum, magnesium and zinc alkyls, alkylboranes may be analyzed directly by GC*, i.e., without hydrolysis. (See references contained in the TB entitled Properties of Alkylboranes from Akzo Nobel). Akzo Nobel determines purity of alkylboranes using GC and/or NMR spectroscopy.Akzo Nobel continues to explore the use of new and improved techniques for the analysis of metal alkyls to improve safety, accuracy and precision of analytical methods.Other techniques include:• Laser Raman (LR) Spectroscopy• X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy• Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma (ICP) SpectroscopyB. Titrimetric Analysis for Metal and Halogen Content1. Summary – The metal alkyl sample (0.150± 0.015g metal) is weighed and hydrolyzed under controlled conditions. Aluminum and zinc content in an aliquot of aqueous hydrolysis solution are determined by complexometric titration by addition of an excess amount of a standard solution of the disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) followed by back titration with standardized ZnSO4. Magnesium content is determined by direct EDTA titration. Weight percent of the metal of interest is calculated from the milliequivalents of metal in the aliquot and the weight of the sample hydrolyzed. Halogen content in a second aliquot of the hydrolysis solution is found by direct potentiometric titration with standard AgNO3. As in the metal determination, weight percent halogen is calculated from the milliequivalents of the halide in the aliquot and the weight of the sample hydrolyzed.2. Hydrolysis of the Samplea. Reagent and Equipment•Sulfuric acid (0.5N): ACS, reagent grade.•n-Heptane (high purity).•Sample delivery syringe assembly: 2-, 5- or 10-mL Cornwall syringe fitted with a Perfektum spring clip, Luerlok® stopcock and a 1” long, regular point, 20-gauge hypodermic needle. A 2-mL syringe with metal syringe holder is recommended for transferring concentrated alkyl samples.•Hydrolysis bottle: 350-mL minimum capacity with neck to fit a crown cap. Hydrolysis bottles used at Akzo Nobel are specially designed heavy-walled borosilicate bottles.•Crown cap: Long-skirted metal beverage cap with two 1/8” holes or four holes (two 1/8”and two 1/16”).•Rubber liner: Buna-N to serve as a seal between bottle cap and bottle.•Heated Shaker Bath: Maintained at 60± 5°C.•Analytical balance: One that will weigh accurately to 0.0001g and has a capacity of at least 150g.b. Procedure for Hydrolysis of Sample – Weigh a sample of metal alkyl in a sample delivery syringe assembly. Sample should contain 0.150g ± 0.015g of metal. Deliver the syringe contents cautiously to an evacuated hydrolysis bottle that contains 100 mL of 0.5N H2SO4 and about 35mL of n-heptane. Place the hydrolysis bottle with contents in the heated shaker bath for at least 15 minutes or until contents are completely digested. Remove the hydrolysis bottle and cool to room temperature. Alternatively, samples can be hydrolyzed by stirring on a hot plate for 15 minutes at 60 °C.3. Complexometric Determination of Aluminum or Zinc Contenta. Reagents and Equipment•Disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (0.02N): ACS, reagent grade, standardized against pure aluminum.•trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane tetraacetic acid monohydrate (CDTA) can be used as an alternate (to EDTA) complexing agent: ACS, reagent grade.•Zinc sulfate (0.02N): ACS, reagent grade, standardized against standard EDTA.•Sodium acetate buffer: ACS, reagent grade. Prepare a pH 5 buffer by dissolving 27.3g of sodium acetate in 60 mL of 1N HCI and dilute to one liter with demineralized water.•High strength sodium acetate buffer and xylenol orange indicator solution: Prepare a pH5.5 buffer by dissolving 1000g of sodium acetate and 40 mL of 1N HCI in 15 Ldemineralized water. The solution is diluted to 18 L total solution. Dissolve 0.25g xylenol orange in the buffer solution.•Sodium fluoride (0.8N): ACS, reagent grade.•Berzelius tall form beaker: 300-mL capacity.•Aliquot syringe assembly: 10-mL BD Cornwall syringe with metal Luerlok® and 1”regular point, 20-gauge hypodermic needle. The syringe is fitted with a metal holder which can be locked to deliver a constant volume. The syringe must be calibrated to deliver exactly 10.0 mL.•Titration can be done manually using an endpoint indicator change from yellow to peach (the sample is over-titrated at a scarlet endpoint). Autotitration (Brinkmann 682 Titroprocessor or equivalent) using a photoprobe colorimeter equipped with a 550 nm filter (or equivalent) can also be utilized for the analysis.b. Procedure for Titration and Calculation of Aluminum Content – Transfer a 10-mL aliquot of the hydrolyzed solution to a clean 300-mL Berzelius beaker. Use multiple aliquots for lower concentration of aluminum. Deliver the appropriate increment of EDTA to complex the aluminum leaving an excess of approximately 5-10 mL EDTA. Add 20 mL of sodium acetate buffer to beaker. Heat the beaker until it boils for no more than two minutes. Cool the beaker to room temperature in the water bath. (Boiling the sample is not required if CDTA is used to complex the metal.) Add 50 mL demineralized water and 80 mL high strength sodium acetate solution. Back titrate with standard zinc sulfate. Back titer should be between 4 and 8 mL.Note: Calculation of weight percent aluminum is based on a 10-mL aliquot from 100-mL aqueous hydrolysis solution. Multiple aliquots (20, 30-mL, etc.) require division by the number of 10-mL aliquots used.[(V EDTA x N ZnSO4)] x 26.982Weight % Aluminum = ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Weight of Sample Hydrolyzed (g)c. Procedure for Titration and Calculation of Zinc Content – Aluminum interferes with the zinc analysis at pH 5. To determine zinc in the presence of aluminum, 10 mL of 0.8N NaF solution is added to an aliquot of the hydrolyzed solution to mask the aluminum. The sample is then titrated for zinc content in a manner similar to that described for aluminum. If both metals are present, an additional aliquot without the masking agent must be titrated. The difference between the unmasked titer and the masked titer is due to the amount of aluminum present.Note: Calculation of weight percent zinc is based on a 10 mL aliquot from 100 mL aliquot of aqueous hydrolysis solution. Multiple aliquots (20, 30 mL, etc.) require division by the number of 10-mL aliquots used.[(V EDTA x N EDTA) - (V ZnSO4 x N ZnSO4)] x 65.38Weight % Zinc = ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Weight of Sample Hydrolyzed (g)4. Procedure for Direct Titration of Magnesium with EDTAa. Reagents and Equipment•Disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (0.02N): ACS, reagent grade, standardized against pure aluminum.•Triethanolamine and Calmagite indicator solution: ACS, reagent grade, 20% solution by volume in demineralized water. Dissolve 200 mL triethanolamine and 0.25g Calmagite in demineralized water and dilute to 1000 mL.•Ammonium chloride/ammonium hydroxide buffer: ACS, reagent grade. Prepare a 10-11 pH buffer solution by dissolving 65.5g NH4CI in 570 mL NH4OH (reagent grade, 28-30% assay as NH3). Dilute to one liter with demineralized water.•Berzelius tall form beaker: 300-mL capacity.•Titration can be done manually using an endpoint indicator change from violet to blue.Autotitration (Brinkmann 682 Titroprocessor or equivalent) using a photoprobe colorimeter equipped with a 660 nm filter (or equivalent) can also be utilized for the analysis.b. Procedure for Titration and Calculation of Magnesium Content – Deliver a 10-mL aliquot of the aqueous phase of the hydrolysis solution to a 300-mL Berzelius beaker. Add 8 mL 20% triethanolamine/Calmagite indicator solution and 30 mL of ammonium chloride/ammonium hydroxide solution. Titrate to a blue endpoint with standard EDTA.NOTE: Calculation of weight percent magnesium is based on a 10-mL aliquot from 100-mL aqueous hydrolysis solution.(V EDTA x N EDTA) x 24.31Weight % Magnesium = ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Weight of Sample Hydrolyzed (g)5. Potentiometric Determination of Chloride and Iodide Contenta. Reagents and Equipment•Silver nitrate (0.05N): ACS, reagent grade, standardized against 1.5M potassium chloride.•Titration is conducted manually using a pH meter (or automatically using a Brinkmann 686 Titroprocessor or equivalent).•Electrode: Combination silver billet and calomel reference porous plug type.•Berzelius tall form beaker: 300-mL capacity.b. Procedure for Titration of Halogen Content – Deliver a 10-mL aliquot of the aqueous hydrolysis solution to a 300-mL Berzelius beaker. Add 0.1g of potassium nitrate and dissolve by gentle swirling. (Do not use KNO3 with alkylaluminum iodide samples.) Initiate stirring mechanism and lower electrodes into the solution Titrate solution with standardized AgNO3 to respective potentiometric endpoint(s).NOTE: The calculation is based on a single 10-mL aliquot of the 100-mL hydrolysis solution.V AgNO3 x N AgNO3 x 126.90Weight % Iodine = ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Weight of Sample Hydrolyzed (g)V AgNO3 x N AgNO3 x 35.453Weight % Chlorine = ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Weight of Sample Hydrolyzed (g)C. Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Hydrolysis GasExcept for alkylboranes, direct GC analysis of metal alkyls is impractical due to the high reactivity of most metal alkyls. Consequently, the conventional method for analyzing alkyl group composition has been to hydrolyze small samples to generate volatile hydrocarbon gases and hydrogen as shown in equations 9 through 11. The procedure is useful for analyzing aluminum alkyls containing hydride and C1 to C5 alkyl ligands. Aluminum alkyls containing less volatile ligands (≥ C6) must be analyzed using a liquid sampling procedure. Several methods for analysis of gas mixtures resulting from hydrolysis of metal alkyls have been published. In this method, hydride content of the sample can be determined simultaneously with the other components.The method used at Akzo Nobel involves the controlled hydrolysis of the metal alkyl sample in a small, crown-capped, borosilicate glass bottle. A small amount of (1 mL) of 20 alcohol % (C10 – C12) in dry mineral oil is charged to the bottle which is subsequently capped and evacuated. The alcohol/mineral oil serves as a diluent and moderates the vigorous hydrolysis reaction. The metal alkyl sample is syringed into the bottle and mixed thoroughly with alcohol/mineral oil for 3 – 5 minutes. A small quantity of demineralized water is then syringed slowly and cautiously into the bottle to complete the hydrolysis. Little or no alkene formation (resulting from “cracking” of the metal alkyl) occurs if proper technique is employed. The hydrolyzed sample is maintained in a drying oven at 85 ± 5 °C until injection. The hydrolysis gas is transferred into an evacuated sample loop of the gas chromatograph. The sample is introduced into three columns arranged in series using argon carrier gas and attached to thermal conductivity and flame ionization detectors (Figure 1). Volatile hydrocarbon (C1 – C2) and hydrogenseparation is achieved with column 2 while C3 – C5 components are separated using column 1 as shown in Figure 1. The partial pressure of each component is determined from the peak area andthe appropriate response factor. Using the partial pressures, a mole percent value is obtained for each hydrocarbon component and hydrogen. If the product is a trialkylaluminum compound, mole percent values are converted to weight percent R3AI components in the product.Several other methods have been employed for hydride determination. A nonroutine procedure used at Akzo Nobel involves proton NMR spectroscopy where the hydride signal is quantitatively determined using Fourier transform technology. Validation tests were conducted by comparative analysis of identical samples using the GC and NMR methods. Results show that the two procedures produce results that are comparable down to very low concentrations of hydride. Figure 1Schematic of Gas Chromatographic SystemValves and Detectors ColumnsA.Six-port gas sample injection valve (Valco, DCGWP) 1. 6 M x 1/8" OD SS packed with 80/100 mesh DurapakB.Six-port backflush valve for backflushing heavy components 2. 10' x 1/8" OD SS packed with 100/120 mesh Haysep®D from Column 1 to external vent (Valco, DCGWP)C.Six-port column series, bypass valve for excluding C and heavier hydrocarbons from entering Column 2 (Valco, DCGWP) 3. 5' x 1/8" OD SS packed with 100/120 mesh Chromasorb® G (surge column)D.Thermal conductivity detectorE. Flame ionization detectorAll information concerning these products and/or suggestions for handling and use contained herein are offered in good faith and are believed to be reliable. Akzo Nobel Polymer Chemicals, however, makes no warranty as to accuracy and/or sufficiency of such information and/or suggestions, as to the products’ merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose, or that any suggested use will not infringe any patent. Nothing contained herein shall be construed as granting or extending any license under any patent. Buyer must determine for himself, by preliminary tests or otherwise, the suitability of this product for his purposes. The information contained herein supersedes all previously issued bulletins on the subject matter covered.。
阿克苏诺贝尔公司的所有化学品
1I ntroductionI nitiators for high polymers Initiatorsf or High Polymersnitiators3A kzo Nobel,ContentsI ntroductionStorage temperaturesStorage & SafetyUN NumbersPackaging30171213141538394041856313743323435910111617182419202321334557223036425554254451484926294727284653525056324Initiators for High Polymers31chemical nameproduct nameTRIGONOX 187 Diisobutyryl peroxide TRIGONOX 99 Cumyl peroxyneodecanoateTRIGONOX 423 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl peroxyneodecanoate TRIGONOX 197 Cumyl peroxyneoheptanoateTRIGONOX 181 Di(3-methoxybutyl) peroxydicarbonate TRIGONOX 123 tert-Amyl peroxyneodecanoate TRIGONOX ADC Mixture of peroxydicarbonates TRIGONOX 23 tert-Butyl peroxyneodecanoate TRIGONOX SBP Di-sec-butyl peroxydicarbonate PERKADOX IPP Diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate TRIGONOX EHP Di(2-ethylhexyl) peroxydicarbonate PERKADOX 16 Di(4-tert-butylcyclohexyl) peroxydicarbonate PERKADOX 24 Dicetyl peroxydicarbonate PERKADOX 26 Dimyristyl peroxydicarbonateTRIGONOX 425 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl peroxypivalate TRIGONOX 257 tert-Butyl peroxyneoheptanoate TRIGONOX 125 tert-Amyl peroxypivalate TRIGONOX 25 tert-Butyl peroxypivalateTRIGONOX 36 Di(3,5,5-trimethylhexanoyl) peroxide LAUROXDilauroyl peroxide PERKADOX SE-10 Didecanoyl peroxide PERKADOX AIBN 2,2'-Azodi(isobutyronitrile)PERKADOX AMBN 2,2'-Azodi(2-methylbutyronitrile)TRIGONOX 141 2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di(2-ethylhexanoylperoxy)hexane TRIGONOX 421 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate PERKADOX L Dibenzoyl peroxideTRIGONOX 21 tert-Butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate TRIGONOX 121 tert-Amyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate TRIGONOX 27 tert-Butyl peroxydiethylacetate TRIGONOX 41 tert-Butyl peroxyisobutyrate PERKADOX ACCN 1,1'-Azodi(hexahydrobenzonitrile)TRIGONOX 29 1,1-Di(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane TRIGONOX 122 1,1-Di(tert-amylperoxy)cyclohexane TRIGONOX 22 1,1-Di(tert-butylperoxy)cyclohexane TRIGONOX 42 tert-Butyl peroxy-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate TRIGONOX 131 tert-Amylperoxy 2-ethylhexyl carbonate TRIGONOX 133 tert-Amyl peroxyacetate TRIGONOX D 2,2-Di(tert-butylperoxy)butane TRIGONOX BPIC tert-Butylperoxy isopropyl carbonate TRIGONOX 117 tert-Butylperoxy 2-ethylhexyl carbonate TRIGONOX 127 tert-Amyl peroxybenzoate TRIGONOX F tert-Butyl peroxyacetateTRIGONOX 17 Butyl 4,4-di(tert-butylperoxy)valerate TRIGONOX C tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate TRIGONOX 201 Di-tert-amyl peroxide PERKADOX BC Dicumyl peroxidePERKADOX 14 Di(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene TRIGONOX 101 2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane TRIGONOX T tert-Butyl cumyl peroxideTRIGONOX 145 2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexyne-3TRIGONOX B Di-tert-butyl peroxideTRIGONOX 301 3,6,9-Triethyl-3,6,9-trimethyl-1,4,7-triperoxonane TRIGONOX M Isopropylcumyl hydroperoxideTRIGONOX TMBH 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl hydoperoxide TRIGONOX K Cumyl hydroperoxide TRIGONOX TAHP TRIGONOX T tert-Amyl hydroperoxide TRIGONOX A tert-Butyl hydroperoxide PERKADOX 302,3-Dimethyl-2,3-diphenylbutane1100.120406030507090110130150170190210230250270290300801001201401601802002202402602801234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575858F or product inquiry and ordering information, please contact your Akzo Nobel sales manager or regional Akzo Nobel sales office.。
NEEDLE-LESS INJECTOR
专利名称：NEEDLE-LESS INJECTOR发明人：MEIJERING, Antonie, Hendrikus,JACOBS, Andreas, Johannes, Maria申请号：EP03738001.1申请日：20030605公开号：EP1515763A1公开日：20050323专利内容由知识产权出版社提供摘要：The invention relates to a needle-less injector having a housing comprising: a chamber defined within said injector for containing liquid to be injected; a liquid outlet for said chamber positioned at the front end of the injector; a dispensing member in contact with the liquid in said chamber and movable in a first direction to reduce the volume of said chamber to cause the liquid contained therein to be expelled through said liquid outlet; drive means for actuating said injector, wherein the dispensing member is a spring-loaded piston movable in said chamber by the spring in the first direction to a preferred position at which the volume of said chamber is at a minimum and the spring is nearly unloaded, and which piston is movable in a second direction opposite to the first direction by actuation of the drive means whilst counteracting a force from the spring and moving the piston to a non-preferred position at which the spring is loaded.申请人：Akzo Nobel N.V.地址：Velperweg 76 6824 BM Arnhem NL国籍：NL代理机构：Keus, Jacobus Albertus Ronald更多信息请下载全文后查看。
PIPD纤维的研究现状及发展趋势
2021年9期科技创新与应用Technology Innovation and Application研究视界PIPD 纤维的研究现状及发展趋势付兴伟1，2，许伟1，2，范新年1，2，黄治川1，2（1.中蓝晨光化工研究设计院有限公司，四川成都610041；2.高技术有机纤维四川省重点实验室，四川成都610041）聚[2，5-二羟基-1，4-苯撑吡啶并二咪唑]（PIPD ）纤维，是一种新型高性能有机纤维，由荷兰Akzo Nobel 研究所的Sikkema 团队首次开发成功。
PIPD 纤维研发的初衷，是为了改善聚对苯撑苯并二噁唑（PBO ）纤维的轴向压缩性能和粘接性能，PIPD 和PBO 的分子结构如式1所示。
[1-3]然而，随着研究的深入，研究人员发现PIPD 纤维不仅压缩性能和粘接性能优异，而且克服了耐光老化和湿热老化性差等大部分高性能有机纤维的缺陷，具有优异的综合性能，有着良好的发展前景。
[4-7]本文对PIPD 纤维的主要性能与应用和国内外发展现状进行了总结，并对未来发展趋势进行了讨论，希望对PIPD 纤维的研究提供参考。
1PIPD 纤维的性能PBO 纤维被誉为“21世纪的超级纤维”，具有高强、高膜、阻燃和耐热的特点，目前只有日本的东洋纺具备工业化生产能力，商品名为Zylon 。
由式1可知，PIPD 与PBO 在化学结构上有着相似性，都具有无构象流动的刚棒状芳杂环结构；都采用液晶纺丝法制备成高性能有机纤维。
但是，PIPD 的分子链上存在大量的-OH 和-NH-，容易在分子间和分子内形成三围氢键网络结构，赋予了PIPD 纤维优异的界面粘接性能和轴向压缩性能。
PIPD纤维与PBO 纤维的基本性能比较如表1所示。
摘要：聚[2，5-二羟基-1，4-苯撑吡啶并二咪唑]纤维（PIPD ），是首先由荷兰Akzo Nobel 研究所研制成功的一种高性能有机纤维。
PIPD 纤维具有高强高模、阻燃耐热、耐压缩、耐紫外和粘接性好等优异的综合性能，有着广泛的应用前景。
AKZO NOBEL SINO COATINGS B V企业信用报告-天眼查
考。
1.3 变更记录
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1.4 主要人员
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一、企业背景
1.1 工商信息
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1.2 分支机构
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二、股东信息
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热固性聚合物的固化剂
Our thorough understanding and knowledge of free radical chemistry and thermoset technology is the basis for the development of innovative and sustainable products, designed with you in mind.
We have operations in more than 80 countries, and employ around 55,000 people, who are committed to excellence and delivering Tomorrow’s Answers Today™.
In fact, we are the largest global paints and coatings company. As a major producer of specialty chemicals we supply industries worldwide with quality ingredients for life’s essentials. We think about the future, but act in the present. We’re passionate about introducing new ideas and developing sustainable answers for our customers.
At AkzoNobel we look beyond horizons. We believe that what is good for you today is not necessarily good enough for you tomorrow. We are committed to helping you further improve your curing systems. We offer you the technological answers you need.
AKZONOBEL木器漆培训教程
AKZONOBEL木器漆培训教程宗旨：调动涂饰工段治理层及职员的工作积极性和爱好进一步完善涂装质量。
工段长：为工段长提供培训资料来训练职员完成每一独立工作.例如: 假如每个职员明白他的工作在产品最终结果中所扮演的角色，他将会更加自豪, 且有可能更好的完成高质量的工作。
I.预备A.一定要与工艺、生产与质量操纵部门沟通使他们完全明白得市场上最终需要的性能和艺术价值外观。
B.注意任何工艺上的任何变动都会阻碍到涂装。
1.砂光操作的变化2.木材种类的变化C.留意从销售部门和客户方面反馈回来的关于前一批货或者样品的任何消息，要及时将此消息一直回馈到生产线上的具体职员。
D.培训组长完全清晰他们自身职责及他们手下职员需要达到的标准。
1.组长一定要能与职员融洽合作并训练职员做出产品所要求的最终成效。
2.组长应牢记A、B、C三节内容的重点。
E.通过给职员宣传涂饰在家具生产过程中的重要性及给家具增加的价值来激发职员的荣誉感F. 要做出一流产品必须配置必要工具，所需工具如下：1.正确的喷装设备2.足够的照明设备3.足够的喷涂站4.好的擦拭布（不要垃圾）5.刷子6.已认可的调色方案7.分层色板8.各喷涂站色板II.应用A.破坏处理目的：将新家具在外观上做仿古处理1.连续的破坏最容易，它可能不太会阻碍涂装与设计。
a.例如：田园风格的家具可能需要锉边并用石块划痕。
b.例如：一套正式的家具只需做小面积的散敲。
2.要严格参照色板样品对产品做破坏处理。
3.要注意破坏处理职员所做的破坏样式。
a.例如：一个梳妆台的台面上三、四道6英寸的划痕确实是一个错误, 且容易引起CULL.b.例如：SPOT CHECK（不在第一道面漆使用）将会有助于使涂装更加一致.4.边角的破坏处理在任何破坏处理中都专门重要，锉痕的柔和程度决定产品破坏处理的严峻程度。
5.所有破坏（虫孔、锉痕、散敲、石块敲击等）应平均分布在产品表面和同时从边缘向内做。
B.实木修色（修绿）目的：统一木材颜色1.由于木材价格和其它因素（如季节和干燥程度），木材质量有所下降。
乙烯基酯树脂的固化
适用于厚型层压板的固化剂
异丙苯过氧化氢
TRIGONOX K-90
CH3 COOH CH3
• 低活性 • 在厚型层压板中放热峰低 • 只用于乙烯基酯树脂
Akzo Nobel Polymer Chemicals
18
TRIGONOX 42PR
适用于需要高放热量的工艺条件下
• 高放热量 – 低苯乙烯残余 • 小于2 mm的薄层压板. • 强促进剂+加速剂
60 60 300 30
113 108 44 61
43 97
Akzo Nobel Polymer Chemicals
28
拉挤工艺
• 拉挤工艺固化系统（复合型）:
起始过氧化物 +
完成过氧化物
Akzo Nobel Polymer Chemicals
29
乙烯基酯树脂在拉挤工艺中采用的固化系统
• 起始过氧化物 过氧化二碳酸酯 - Perkadox 16
4 mm层压板
Derakane Momentum 411-350 100 100 100
Butanox M-50
2
Butanox LPT
2
Trigonox 239
2
Accelerator NL51P (6% Cobalt) 0.5 0.5 0.5
起泡 纯树脂凝胶时间（ min.）
有 轻微 无 24 15 25
凝胶时间 固化时间 放热峰温度
(min.)
(min.) (oC)
残留苯乙烯（%）
100
100
100
0.5
0.5
1.5
1.0
1.0
0.1
3.4
0.4
AkzoNobel公司推出符合美国EPA标准的新型表面活性剂
AkzoNobel公司推出符合美国EPA标准的新型表面活性剂佚名
【期刊名称】《中国洗涤用品工业》
【年(卷),期】2017(0)6
【摘要】AkzoNobel公司发布了一款用于户外清洗产品中的新型表面活性剂，该产品能够完全满足严苛的美国环境保护署的EPA环境标准。
由AkzoNobel公司表面化学部门开发的Berol DR-B1适用于日用与工业应用领域。
【总页数】1页(P90-90)
【关键词】新型表面活性剂;美国环境保护署;EPA标准;环境标准;工业应用;化学部;产品
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】TQ649.4
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AkzoNobe
AkzoNobe——阿克苏诺贝尔是全球领先的工业企业，总部设于荷兰阿姆斯特丹，核心业务包括装饰漆、高性能涂料业务和专业化学品业务，是全球领先的油漆和涂料公司。
该品牌的油漆也用于一些高端汽车上，例如迈凯伦650s Spider，其使用目的是为了更好的控制车身自重。
阿克苏诺贝尔与中国的渊源可追溯到1898年。
20世纪70年代末，当中国对国际企业重新打开大门时，阿克苏诺贝尔便积极地投身于中国市场。
随着中国不断深化经济改革开放，阿克苏诺贝尔逐渐加大对中国市场的投入。
中国也已成为公司重要的战略增长地区。
截止至2012年底，阿克苏诺贝尔在中国已成立了29家生产基地，包括目前已累计投资4.1亿美元建成的宁波多元化生产基地，1个创新中心、1个服务中心及遍布全国的销售办事处。
阿克苏诺贝尔在中国的7700名员工与全球成员一起不断追求卓越，为包括中国在内的全球客户开发提供各种可持续发展的解决方案。