初中_现在完成时讲解练习及答案
初中_现在完成时讲解练习及答案
初中_现在完成时讲解练习及答案现在完成进行时一、现在完成进行时的构成构成：(1) 肯定句：主语 + have / has been + doing(2) 否定句：主语+have/has+not+been+doing(3) 一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+been+doing?现在完成进行时表达“某一动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，有可能还要持续下去”，现在完成进行时的句子中多用延续性动词。
如：live，learn，study，work等。
I have been learning English for ten years. 我学英语已经十年了。
She has been skating for four hours. 到现在为止她滑冰已经有四个小时了。
I have been collecting stamps since I was ten years old. 我从十岁起就一直在集邮。
在这几个句子中，have和has是助动词，疑问形式需把助动词提前，否定形式在have或has 后面加not，have not和has not可以分别缩写成haven’t和hasn’t，如：Have you been doing your homework since this morning?从今天早晨开始你就一直在写作业吗？Has he been writing the letters to his friend? 他是一直在给他的朋友写信吗？I haven’t been seeing films for a long time. 我有很长时间没有看电影了。
（表明没有看电影这个动作从过去一直持续到现在，还要继续持续下去。
）二、现在完成进行时的功能（一）表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去。
I have been learning English since ten years ago.自从十年前以来我一直在学英语。
初中现在完成时练习题及答案
初中现在完成时练习题及答案一、单项选择题1. I ____________ my homework yet.A. didn't doB. haven't doneC. doesn't doD. hasn't done答案：B. haven't done2. _______ you ever been to Japan?A. HaveB. HasC. AreD. Is答案：A. Have3. Sarah _________ books at the library.A. had readB. had been readingC. has readD. has been reading答案：C. has read4. We _________ each other since last week.A. didn't seeB. haven't seenC. haven't been seeingD. doesn't see答案：B. haven't seen5. _______ you ever _______ surfing?A. Did, goB. Have, wentC. Have, goneD. Did, gone答案：C. Have, gone二、完形填空题It has been a different world without our dear friend, Oscar. We __6__ him since we were eight-years-old. Oscar was a great friend and an amazing person. He __7__ us to be much better people.Last summer, Oscar fell terribly ill. He __8__ in the hospital for a few weeks, but unfortunately, he __9__ his battle with the illness and __10__ away.Since Oscar's death, we __11__ daily memories of our time with him. We __12__ how he always had something positive to say, no matter what. Oscar __13__ inspired us to be positive and kind, even in difficult times.We have been __14__ for several therapy sessions as a group, and it has really helped us __15__ with the loss of our friend. We __16__ that accepting the loss is a process, and it takestime to heal. But we are __17__ grateful for the time we had with Oscar and the memories we __18__ with him.Oscar's __19__ and laughter is greatly missed, but his __20__ will forever be in our hearts.6. A. knowB. have knownC. knewD. known答案：B. have known7. A. haveB. hasC. hadD. having答案：C. had8. A. wereB. has beenC. hasD. had been答案：D. had been9. A. losesB. lossC. loosesD. lost答案：D. lost10. A. passB. passedC. passingD. passes答案：B. passed11. A. rememberB. rememberedC. remembersD. have remembered答案：B. remembered12. A. alwaysB. usuallyC. sometimesD. never答案：A. always13. A. yetB. alreadyC. alsoD. always答案：D. always14. A. goB. goesC. goneD. going答案：A. go15. A. copeB. copingC. copedD. have coped 答案：B. coping16. A. knowB. knewC. knownD. knowing答案：C. known17. A. tooB. veryC. soD. really答案：D. really18. A. madeB. makeC. have madeD. making答案：C. have made19. A. joyfulB. happinessC. joyfulD. joy答案：D. joy20. A. friendshipB. friendC. friendsD. friendly答案：C. friends三、阅读理解题Emma has always been interested in photography. For her13th birthday, her parents bought her a camera and she has been taking photos ever since.In the past year, Emma has taken over 10,000 photos. She has traveled to different places and captured the beauty around her. She has photographed stunning landscapes, cute animals, and even her friends and family. Emma has discovered that the more she practices, the better her photos turn out.Emma has also created an online portfolio of her photos. She has received positive feedback from friends and strangers alike. Some people have even contacted her asking if they can purchase prints of her photos.Recently, Emma entered a photography contest. The theme was \。
人教新目标初中英语语法-现在完成时讲解以及练习题(含答案)
现在完成时1.构成现在完成时是由助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。
助动词have(has)表明事情发生于现在。
它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。
过去分词在句子中做谓语，说明句子的含义。
2.用法（1）动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在有某种影响和结果。
常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。
如：-Have you had lunch yet? -Yes,I have. I've just had it.你（已经）吃午饭了吗？我刚刚吃过。
（现在我不饿了）（2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。
常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。
如：He has taught here since 1981他自1981年就在这儿教书。
（可能还要继续教）I have't seen her for four years.我有四年没见到她了。
（3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice,ever,never,three times等时间状语。
如：I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。
3.现在完成时的时间状语（1）现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。
如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。
但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。
a. 用副词already和yet。
already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。
如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。
They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。
b.用ever 和never。
现在完成时讲解与练习题(含答案)
时态讲解：现在完成时（1）构成：现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有人称和数的变化。
第三人称单数用has，其余用have.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。
以study 为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：（2）用法：1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。
说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。
My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。
I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。
She has arrived. 她到了。
2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for…,since…,yet等。
如：I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。
We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。
They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。
She has been with us since Monday.★注意：1）since和for的区别since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got there。
for后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。
Exercise: 用since和for填空1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday.2. Jill has been in Ireland______ three days.3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days.4. Mary is in her office.She has been there ______ 7 o'clock.5. India has been an independent country ______1974.6. The bus is late.They've been waiting ______ 20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years. 8.Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October. 2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。
【英语】英语现在完成时解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析
【英语】英语现在完成时解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析一、初中英语现在完成时1．—Do you miss your parents far away?—Yes, very much. They the hometown for over two years.A. leftB. have leftC. were away fromD. have been away from【答案】 D【解析】【分析】根据句意“他们已经离家两年多了”可知用现在完成时，时间状语for over two years 表示时间段，动词要具有延续性，left是 leave的过去分词，是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用，故选D。
【点评】本题考查延续性动词和短暂性动词的转换。
2．—How do you like Beijing, Miss Read?—I've no idea. I _____ there.A. have goneB. have beenC. haven't beenD. haven't gone【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意：---你觉得北京怎么样，瑞得小姐？---我不知道，我没有去过那儿。
短语：have been to去过某地（已经返回）；have gone to去了某地（尚未返回），根据句意，故答案为C。
【点评】考查短语辨析，区分have been to与have gone to，理解句子，根据语境判断答案。
3．The volunteers ________ a lot of help to the old and the young since 2010．A. offeredB. have offeredC. are offeringD. will offer【答案】 B【解析】【分析】考查时态．句意"自2010以来，志愿者们向老人和青年提供了大量的帮助．"．A过去时．B现在完成时态．C现在进行时态．D一般将来时态．since+点时间通常用于现在完成时态，结构是have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是volunteers复数，用助动词have．offer的过去分词是offered．答案是B．4．—The drama series The Thunder （破冰行动） hits screens these days.—Oh. What a pity! I ____________ any of them yet,A. doesn't watchB. didn't watchC. won't watchD. haven't watched【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意：——连续剧《破冰行动》这些天正在霸屏。
初中英语语法之现在完成时讲解练习及答案
初中英语语法之现在完成时讲解练习及答案现在完成时是英语中常用的一种时态，用来描述过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响。
以下是一些现在完成时的讲解练及答案，希望对你的英语研究有所帮助。
一、选择题1. —Have you ever been to Paris?—No, I ___ been there yet.A. haven'tB. didn'tC. wasn'tD. aren't答案：A. haven't2. They ___ a party to celebrate the success.A. have heldB. heldC. will holdD. are holding答案：A. have heldA. worksB. workedC. will workD. has worked答案：D. has worked4. ___ you ___ your homework yet?A. Do, doB. Did, doC. Have, doneD. Are, doing 答案：C. Have, done5. We ___ the movie twice.A. seeB. sawC. have seenD. will see答案：C. have seen二、填空题1. I ___ (not finish) my homework yet.答案：haven't finished2. We ___ (live) in this city since 2015.答案：have lived3. ___ they ever ___ (visit) a zoo?答案：Have, visited4. He ___ (already eat) dinner.答案：has already eaten5. The teacher ___ (not arrive) yet.答案：has not arrived三、改错题将下列句子中的错误处改正，并将正确的答案写在括号内。
现在完成时讲解及练习(已用)
一．基本结构：助动词have/has+过去分词(done)二．句型：否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.三．用法（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果I have spent all of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)They have come here. (含义：他们现在在这儿)（2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作或状态，常与for 和since连用①for+时段②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）③since+时段+ago④since+从句（过去时）⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）Mary has been ill for 3 days. (since 3 days ago)I have been in the university since 2002.四．has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场)Where is your father？He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been (to) :去过（已不在去过的地方）My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.五．现在完成时的标志现在完成时的含义是过去已经完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义: ★以already, just和yet为标志He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。
现在完成时讲解及练习（答案）
现在完成时讲解及练习（答案）初中英语主要时态系列(六)——现在完成时讲解及练习1现在完成时的基本结构肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他⼀般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+⼀般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他）2现在完成时的⽤法1. 现在完成时⽤来表⽰过去已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。
也就是说，动作或状态发⽣在过去但它的影响现在还存在，强调的是现在。
I have already posted the photo.我已经邮寄出了照⽚。
与此种⽤法连⽤的时间状语时⼀些模糊的过去时间状语，如already（肯定句句中）, yet（否定句/疑问句句尾）, just, before, recently,still, lately,never 等。
2. 现在完成时也可⽤来表⽰动作或状态发⽣在过去某⼀时刻，持续到现在并且有可能会继续持续下去。
He has lived here since 1978.⾃从1978年以来，他⼀直住在这⼉。
(动作起始于1978年，⼀直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。
)此种⽤法常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句⼦）连⽤。
谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
有些瞬间动词可变为延续动词：go out----be out finish----be over open----be open die----be dead buy---have fall ill---be ill come back----be back catch a cold----have a cold3现在完成时常见考法对于现在完成时的考查，多以单选、句型转换或词语运⽤的形式考查学⽣在具体语境中灵活运⽤时态的能⼒。
在考试中，会让⼤家判断是否该⽤现在完成时，或者是考查“瞬间动词”不能与表⽰⼀段时间的状语连⽤”这⼀知识点。
现在完成时讲解和练习(有答案)
现在完成时讲解和练习1. 现在完成时的构成: have\has+过去分词(过去分词的构成有规则变化和不规则变化)2. 现在完成时的四个基本句型肯定句He has finished the work.一般疑问句Has he finished the work? 回答Yes ,he has. No, he hasn’t.否定句He has not finished the work.特殊疑问句What has he done?3.现在完成时的用法:A．表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调对现在造成的影想或结果）。
例如：The car has arrived. 车子来了。
（结果：车子已在门口）Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。
（结果：窗户仍破着）B. 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词how long等。
例如： My uncle has worked at this factory for five years. 我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。
Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002. 自从2002年Mr. Black 一直住在中国。
How long have you been here? 你来这里多久了？4. 在下列情形下用现在完成时(1)九词语①already已经肯定句中或句尾e.g.: I have already found my pen.= I have found my pen already.②yet已经否定句和疑问句句尾e.g.：I have not finished the work yet.Have you bought a computer yet?③ever曾经句中e.g.：Have you ever seen pandas?④never从不句中e.g.：I have never been to Beijing. ⑤just刚刚句中e.g.：I have just done my work.⑥before以前句尾e.g.：I have never been there before.⑦so far到目前为止e.g.：So far he has learnt 200 words.⑧how long多久e.g.：How long have you lived here?⑨how many times多少次e.g.：How many times has he been to Beijing?(3)三词组1.have<has>gone to去了某地表示“已经去了某地，在去那里的途中或到达那里还没有回来”e.g.：He has gone to Beijing (去了北京)2.have<has>been to去过某地表示“曾去过某地，已经从那里回来了”e.g.：He has been to Beijing. (去过北京)3.have<has>been in 表示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since, for, how longe.g.: Mr. Brown has been in Beijing for three days. 布朗先生来北京已经有三天了4.如果句子里面没有时间状语，汉语意思能够加“已经”，往往用现在完成时态。
现在完成时讲解(含讲解及习题)
现在完成时讲解一、构成:肯定式：主语+ 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词.疑问式：助动词Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词?否认式: 主语+ 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词.过去分词规那么变化：a)一般情况下，直接加ed, 〔work---worked，water---watered, finish---finished等;〕b)以“辅音字母+ y〞结尾的动词, 把y 变成i 再加ed, 〔carry-- -carried study---studied等;〕c)以辅+元+辅结尾且中读的动词，要双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。
〔stop---stopped，shop---shopped〕d)以不发音的e结尾的动词，只加d 〔过去分词不规那么变化表：二、用法：用法一：表示过去〔已经、曾经或从未〕发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
标志词：①already, ②never, ③ever, ④just, ⑤yet, ⑥before,⑦once/twice/数字+ times例：I have cleaned my room. 我已清扫了房间(房间现在是干净的，不需要清扫了)They have left. --他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里I have never had a car (我从未有过汽车。
)I have been there twice.a〕already 往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气；yet 用于否认句和疑问句。
•He has already left here. 他已经离开这里了。
•Has he already left here? 他〔真的〕已经离开这里了吗？〔表示加强语气〕•My teachers haven’t had breakfast yet. 我的老师们还没有吃早饭。
•Have you written to your parents yet? 你已经给你父母写过信了吗？b〕never 是否认词，表示“从来没有〞，而ever 表示“曾经〞•We have never been to the Great Wall. 我们从来没有去过长城。
（完整）初中现在完成时讲解练习及答案
（完整）初中现在完成时讲解练习及答案A．表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
现在完成时跨在两个时间之上，一是过去，一是现在。
它的动作发生在过去，但对现在有影响（或结果），而这种影响（或结果）却往往是说话人的兴趣所在，所以常常后面不用时间状语。
现在完成时所表的动作离说话人的说话时刻可近可远，表近距离的。
eg. The car has arrived.车子来了。
（结果：车子已在门口）Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。
（结果：窗户仍破着）现在完成时句子通常有recently，lately，since，for，in the past few months/years等词做时间状语。
肯定形式：have/has + done否定形式：have/has + not +done一般疑问句：have或has放于句首。
B．现在完成时的用法1）现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成，而对现在有影响。
所以常常后面不用时间状语。
现在完成时所表的动作离说话人的说话时刻可近可远。
eg. He has gone to London.He has been to London.2）现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也许还会持续下去。
常用for 和since表示一段时间的状语或so far，now，today，this week (month，year)等表示包括现在时间在内的状语。
eg. He has studied English for 5 years.He has studied English since 2001.Now I have finished the work.注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成时不能与for，since等表示一段时间的词连用。
用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如live，study，be，wait等，常和since（自从）或for（经历）引导的词语连用。
(英语)初中英语现在完成时解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)
（英语）初中英语现在完成时解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)一、初中英语现在完成时1．All the students _______ very hard over the last three years.A. worksB. has workedC. have workedD. worked【答案】 C【解析】【分析】Over the last three years, 用于现在完成时，又由于主语是复数，故选C。
【点评】现在完成时的时间状语要掌握。
2．My father ____ in a panda protection center for 10 years, so he knows a lot about panda.A. was workingB. is workingC. has workedD. will work【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意：我父亲在熊猫保护中心工作了10年，所以他对熊猫很了解。
由句中的语句for 10 years 提示可知，此句要用现在完成时，主语my father，助动词要用has，故选C。
【点评】考查现在完成时的基本结构及用法，注意根据句子的时间状语判断时态。
3．—The drama series The Thunder （破冰行动） hits screens these days.—Oh. What a pity! I ____________ any of them yet,A. doesn't watchB. didn't watchC. won't watchD. haven't watched【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意：——连续剧《破冰行动》这些天正在霸屏。
——哦。
真遗憾！我任何一集也没有看过。
根据Oh. What a pity!可知我没有看过。
过去的动作对现在造成的影响和 yet也，常和现在完成时的否定结构连用，可知此处用现在完成时。
初中现在完成时精讲+精练(附答案)
现在完成时The Present Perfect tense定义：1.现在完成时表示过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响；I have already had breakfast.（我已吃过早餐，我不饿了）2.现在完成时态还表示过去某一时间已经开始并一直持续到现在（还有持续下去的可能）的动作或状态，可以和表示延续的时间状语连用表示持续的动作或状态的动词多是延续性动词。
We have lived here for ten years.我们已经在这里住了10年了。
（从过去一直到现在都住在这里，并且还会一直持续）主语+ have/ has + 过去分词（pp）1) 表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。
eg1：Now we have planted all the trees.我们现在刚把所有的树种好。
eg2: He has just come back.他刚刚回来。
eg3:They have built many buildings in this city.在这个城市里，他们已经建造了很多建筑物。
2) 表示过去发生的动作,强调结果或对现在的影响。
常与just、already、yet连用。
eg1：Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的)eg2: I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙)eg3: I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解书的内容)eg4: I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的)※常与already(已经), yet(已经), just(刚刚),ever(曾经),never,for+时间段，since+时间点等词或短语连用.※already: 常用于肯定句中.yet: 常用于否定句,疑问句尾.3) 表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态，常与for和since 等表示一段时间的状语连用。
初中现在完成时讲解练习及答案
精品资料欢迎下载现在完成时1 结构式：肯定形式：have/has + done否定形式：have/has + not +done一般疑问句：have或has放于句首。
2 用法：A 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调对现在造成的影想或结果）。
The car has arrived.车子来了。
（结果：车子已在门口）Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。
（结果：窗户仍破着）Have you had lunch yet? -Yes,I have. I've just had it. 你（已经）吃午饭了吗？我刚刚吃过。
（现在我不饿了B 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词how long等。
例如：My uncle has worked at this factory for five years. 我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。
Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002. 自从20XX年Mr. Black 一直住在中国。
How long have you been here? 你来这里多久了？注意：此种用法中表示持续动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词例如： (1)这本书我已经买了三个月了。
错误：I have bought the book for three months.正确：I have had the book for three months.(2)你哥哥参军多长时间了？错误：How long has your brother joined the army?正确：How long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier?3 标志词：recently ever, never, so farsince，for，in the past/last few yearsalready（肯定句）,yet（否定，疑问句）,justbefore说明：already与yet都有“已经”的意思，但already常用于肯定句，并用于句中。
初中英现在完成时讲解-练习及答案
初中英现在完成时讲解-练习及答案1现在完成时一、考点、热点回顾【词汇辨析】1.b e famous for 和 be famous asbe famous for表示“因…而出名”， for后接表示出名的原因be famous as则表示“以…身份而着名”，as 后接职业、身份或地位，表示作为…职业、身份或地位是着名的eg. France is famous for its fine food andwine. 法国以其佳肴和美酒着名。
France is famous as a romantic country．法国作为一个浪漫的国家而出名。
2.h ard与 hardlyhard adv.“努力地，费力地，辛苦地”, 如： He works hard.他努力工作。
hard adj. “努力的，辛苦的” , 如：It＇s a hard work. 这是一项辛苦的工作。
hardly否定副词，意思为“几乎不”，表示否定含义,如：He works hardly. 他几乎不工作。
【固定搭配】加-ingbe good at doing sth擅长做某事 eg: He is good at playing the piano.mind doing sth介意做某事 eg: Do you mind my opening the door?practice doing sth练习做某事 eg: My sister practices playing the piano every day.stop doing sth停止做某事 eg: The teacher is coming, please stop talking.What/How about doing sth. 做某事怎样 eg: What about going to the park this weekend?【现在完成时】A.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
初中英语语法现在完成时练习题及答案
一、时态讲解：现在完成时(1)构成：现在完成时由助动词have +过去分词构成，助动词have有人称和数的变化。
第三人称单数用has,其余用have.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上n o t、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。
以1)现在完成时诵常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。
说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。
My daughter has just gone out.我女儿刚出去。
I ' m sure we ' ve met be我肯.定我们以前见过面。
She has arrived.她到了。
2) 表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，女口recently, already, just, lately, for …,sinceyet-等。
如：I haven ' t heard from her these days这些日子我没有收到她的信。
We haven ' t seen you recently最近我们没有见到你。
They have bee n away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。
She has bee n with us since Mon day.★注意：a) si nee和for的区别si nee 后接时间点，女口1993, last term, yesterday, the time I got therefor后接一段时间，表示长达多久”女口ten years, a while, two days等。
Exercise:用since 禾口for 填空1. Jim has bee n in Irela nd ____ Mon day.2. Jill has bee n in Irela nd ____ three days.3. His aunt has lived in Australia ____ 15 days.4. Mary is in her office. She has bee n there ___ 7 o'clock.5. In dia has bee n an in depe ndent country ___ 1974.6. The bus is late. They've bee n wait ing ____ 20 minu tes.7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have bee n empty _____ many years.8. Mike has bee n ill ____ a long time. He has bee n in hospital _____ October.2) 表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。
现在完成时态讲解练习及答案
现在完成时态1.含义：表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果。
2.标志词：recently,lately, since短语, for+时间段, up to now, so far,in the past/last few years, ever, never, yet, already, still3.构成: (1)肯定句：主语+ have / has+动词过去分词+其它.(2)否定句:主语+ have / has+not+动词过去分词+其它.(3)一般疑问句：Have / Has+ 主语+动词过去分词+其它？(4)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+动词过去分词+其它？4. 例句：He has lived in Shenzhen for4years.5. 动词过去分词的变化规则：（1）规则变化：直接+ed; 直接+d; 把y变为i+ed; 双写+ed（2）不规则变化：寻找规律，加强记忆. 如AAA; AAB ; ABA ; ABB 等cut-cut-cut; beat-beat-beaten; come-came-come; lose-lost-lost 6. have/has been to; have/has gone to; have/has been in（1）have/ has been to去过… (人已经回来了)我去过上海两次。
I have been to Shanghai twice.（2）have/ has gone to去… (人还没回来)—吉姆在哪？—他去英国了。
—Where is Jim？—He has gone to England．（3）have/ has been in在… (去了某地并一直待在那里)我在上海已经有三年了。
I have been in Shanghai for three years．*7. 延续性动词与非延续性动词（1）含义：英语动词根据动作的持续与否可分为两种,一种是延续性动词，另一种是非延续性动词。
现在完成时讲解及练习(含答案)
时态现在完成时一．基本结构：助动词have/has+过去分词(done) 。
表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。
二．句型：否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语: Yes, 主语+ have/has.(肯定)No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't.(否定)三．用法1.“已完成”用法 :表示一个过去发生并结束的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
这一类情况可以细致分为下述两种情况。
1）表示开始于过去的动作刚刚结束。
常和just，now，already，yet，not…yet等不确定的时间状语连用。
Li Ming has just turned off the light. 李明刚刚把灯关上。
（说明现在灯关上了）I've finished my homework now. 现在我已经做完作业了。
（说明可以交作业或做别的了）2）表示过去动作的结果，现在仍残留着。
一般不用时间状语。
I have lost my pen. 我把笔丢了。
（说明过去某时丢的，现在我还没找到这支笔）She has become a teacher. 她已经当了老师。
（说明她现在仍是老师）2.“未完成”用法。
表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示），常与for（+段时间）、since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用。
①for+时段（for a long time，for a month）②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来，如since 1991 、since yesterday）③since+时段+ago （since 2 days ago）④since+从句（过去时）●⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）⑥其它常见：today，this week（month），lately，recently，these days，in the past few days，during the last two weeks，，so far，up to now，till（until）now等。
中考英语语法丨现在完成时详解（附练习题及答案）
中考英语语法丨现在完成时详解（附练习题及答案）中考英语语法丨现在完成时详解（附练习题及答案）一.现在完成时的构成："have/ has+动词的过去分词”。
①肯定句主语+have/ has+动词的过去分词。
Though he has read the book three times, he hopes to read it again.尽管已经把这本书读了三遍，他仍希望再读一次。
②否定句:主语+have/ has+not+动词的过去分词。
You haven't been here for a long time.你已经很长时间没来这儿了。
③一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词? Have they finished the work yet?他们已经完成这项工作了吗?二.现在完成时的用法(1)表示发生在过去的动作对现在仍有影响My father has gone to Shanghai. (表示人不在这里了)我爸爸去上海了。
I have already had supper. (表示现在不饿了)我已经吃过晚饭了。
(2 )表示从过去开始一直延续到现在(可能延续下去)的动作或状态He has lived here since 1970.他自从1970年以来一直住在这里。
My brother has been a soldier for two years.我哥哥已经参军两年了。
提示：常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有alredy(已经),yet (还)，just (刚刚), never(从不),ever(曾经)，before (以前), recently（近来）, since then(从那时起)，since(自从),so far (到目前为止),for a long time（很长一段时间), in the past/last few years (在过/最近的几年里)等。
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现在完成进行时一、现在完成进行时的构成构成：(1) 肯定句：主语 + have / has been + doing(2) 否定句：主语+have/has+not+been+doing(3) 一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+been+doing?现在完成进行时表达“某一动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，有可能还要持续下去”，现在完成进行时的句子中多用延续性动词。
如：live，learn，study，work等。
I have been learning English for ten years. 我学英语已经十年了。
She has been skating for four hours. 到现在为止她滑冰已经有四个小时了。
I have been collecting stamps since I was ten years old. 我从十岁起就一直在集邮。
在这几个句子中，have和has是助动词，疑问形式需把助动词提前，否定形式在have或has 后面加not，have not和has not可以分别缩写成haven’t和hasn’t，如：Have you been doing your homework since this morning?从今天早晨开始你就一直在写作业吗？Has he been writing the letters to his friend? 他是一直在给他的朋友写信吗？I haven’t been seeing films for a long time. 我有很长时间没有看电影了。
（表明没有看电影这个动作从过去一直持续到现在，还要继续持续下去。
）二、现在完成进行时的功能（一）表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去。
I have been learning English since ten years ago.自从十年前以来我一直在学英语。
（动作还将继续下去）（二）表示在说话时刻之前刚刚结束的动作。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.我们已经等你半个钟头了。
（动作不再继续下去）（三）表示一个从过去开始延续到现在，可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内，重复发生的行动。
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.注意：（一）表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。
I have known him for years.我认识他已经好几年了。
（二）有些现在完成进行时的句子等同于现在完成时的句子。
I have been working here for five years.I have worked here for five years.我在这里已经工作两年了。
（三）大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。
I have been writing a book.（动作还将继续下去）我一直在写一本书。
I have written a book.（动作已经完成）我已经写了一本书。
三．标志词：以already, just和yet为标志already, just和yet 表示到现在为止动作或状态已经、刚刚或还没有发生。
以ever和never为标志ever和never 表示到现在为止动作或状态曾经或从来没有发生过。
以动作发生的次数为标志若某一动作到现在为止已经发生了若干次,则要使用现在完成时。
以so far为标志so far往往表示到目前为止动作或状态已经发生。
四现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别：(1) 现在完成时强调动作的完成，而现在完成进行时侧重的是动作的持续进行。
如：I have read a book about birds. （已经读完）I have been reading a book about birds.（一直都在读，现在还在读，有可能会继续读下去。
）(2) 两种时态都有延续性，但现在完成时往往只说明一个事实，一种影响或结果，无感情色彩；现在完成进行时表示一个动作的延续、重复，有时有一定的感情色彩。
如：She has been singing all the day. 她都唱了一整天了。
（抱怨、厌烦）其他（一）现在完成时分“已完成”和“未完成”两种用法：1．“已完成”指的是动作发生在过去，强调其对现在产生的影响。
I have seen this film.我看过这部电影。
(意思说我已经知道了电影的内容。
)注意：“已完成”这种用法一般不带时间状语，但可以和already, yet,before,ever,just,no等副词连用。
I have never said he is rich. 我从来不说他有钱。
2. “未完成”指的是动作从过去开始，且一直继续到现在。
因此不能用表示瞬间性的或称短暂性的动词。
“未完成”的现在完成时常与since结构或“for+一段时间”的状语连用。
I have lived here since I was born.我一出生就住在这里。
注意：“未完成”这种用法还常与until now, so far, in/during the past/ last...等连用。
In the past ten years, many new schools have been built up in our city.过去十年中我市已兴建了许多新学校。
（二）现在完成进行时与现在完成时的“未完成”用法类似。
它强调动作的延续，常常译做“一直在……”。
其基本用法有三个：1. 现在完成进行时表示从过去开始、现在仍在继续的动作。
其时间状语除了since结构和for 结构外，还有all this time, this week, this month, all night, all the morning, recently等状语。
I’ve been waiting for an hour and he still hasn’t turned up.我等了一个小时，可他还没来。
2. 现在完成进行时还用来表示从过去开始、现在刚刚结束的动作。
I’m sorry I’m late. Have you been waiting long?真对不起，我迟到了。
你等了很久了吧?3. 现在完成进行时还可以用来表示反复的、连续的动作。
She has been telephoning her husband, but there is no answer.她一直在给她丈夫打电话，但没有人接。
4. 现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响，而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身。
Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.四、 since，from和for的区别(1) from是介词，后接名词、动名词，表示事情的开始点，以from短语作状语时，句中的谓语动词可用一般现在、过去和将来时。
如：The movie is on from 8:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m.. 这个电影在晚上8点到10点上映。
They chatted at the meeting from beginning to end. 他们在会议上自始至终都在聊天(2) since则为介词或从属连接词，其后接名词、动名词或从句，表示从某一特定时间起直至现在或过去某一特定时间为止，依然继续着的事情的开始点，在以此为时间状语的句子中，谓语动词常用完成时。
如：Many things have happened since they came here.自从他们来这儿以后，发生了许多事情。
The teacher said that John had made great progress since last semester.老师说从上个学期以来约翰取得了很大的进步。
(3) for是介词，后接名词，可以用来计算持续的时间，表示事情从开始到结束所持续的时间，谓语动词常用过去时或完成时，for与一般现在时连用，表示时间一直持续到将来。
如： I've known her for five years. 我认识她已经五年了。
.1.Mother ____me a new coat yesterday. I _______ it on. It fits me well.A. had made…have triedB. made…have triedC. has made…triedD. made…tried.2 “He ____to draw horses already”. “When ______ he ?” “ Last year “A. learned...has B. learned...did C. has learned...has D. has learned (i)3.Tom _____up into the tree. Look, he ____ high up there !A. has got…isB. has climbed…wasC. got …wasD. climbed…is.4.____ you _____ the text yet ? Yes, we ____ it two hours ago.A. Did…copy…didB. Have…copied…haveC. Have…copied…didD. Did …copy…had.5. “Why ______ she _______ angry ?” “Because he _____ at her just now .”A. did…get…shoutedB. has…got…shoutedC. did…get…has shoutedD. has…got…has shouted.6. ______you __________ the film before ? Where _____ you ____ it ?A. Have …seen…did…seeB. Did …see…did…watchC. Have…seen…have…seenD. Did …see…have…seen.7.You ____ me waiting for two hours. I ____ for you since five.A. kept…waitedB. have kept…waitedC. kept…have waitedD. have kept…have waited .8.Where ______ John _______ ? To the library. He _________ there for an hour.A. has…been…has goneB. has…gone…has beenC. did…go…wentD. did…be…went.9.______ the baby still _____ ? No, it _______ crying.A. Has…cried…has stoppedB. Is…crying…stoppedC. Did …cry…stoppedD. Is…crying…has stopp ed.10. I _______ the way. I ________ here for quite many years.A. knew...have lived C. knew...live C. know...have lived D. know (iv).11. _____ you ever _____ America ? Yes, I have.A. Have…gone toB. Have…gone inC. Have…been toD. Have …been in.12. My brother ____college for over three years.A. has gone toB. has been toC. has been inD. has been at.13.He ________ the Army by the end of 1989. He ______ in the army since then.A. joined…isB. has joined…has beenC. had joined…isD. had joined …has been.14. By the time I _____ back they ____ up ten satellites.A. came…have sentB. came…had sentC. come…have sentD. had come…sent.15. Jack ____ over five lessons by seven o’clock. Then he ____ a rest.A. went…tookB. went…had takenC. had gone…tookD. had gone…had taken.16. We ____ out by that time that he ____ a spy for a long time.A. had found…had beenB. had found…wasC. found…had beenD. found…was.17. Before the news ____ him, he ____ to know about it.A. reaches…has gotB. reached…had gotC. reached…gotD. had reached…got.18. I _____ him a second letter before I ____ from him.A. wrote…heardB. wrote…had heardC. had written…heardD. have written…hear.19. People ____ that the soldiers _____ fighting.A. say…had stoppedB. said…has stoppedC. say…stoppedD. said…had stopped20. We ____ in a good harvest because we ____ enough rain.A. didn’t get…had hadB. got…had hadC. had got…had hadD. got…hadn’t had.21. They _______ for five hours when they ______ in New York.A. flew…arrivedB. had flown…had arrivedC. flew…had arrivedD. had flown…arrived .22. She ____ that it _____ for two days by that day.A. says…has rainedB. says…had rainedC. said…had rainedD. said…rained.23. John _____ there since the year before, so he _____ them.A. had worked…knewB. had worked…had knownC. worked…knewD. worked…had known .24. He _____ angry because he ____ for a long time.A.had got…had waitedB. got…waitedC. had got…waitedD. got…had waitedB.BDACA ADBDC CDDBC ABCDB DCAD。