计算机专业英语二Computer Program

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计算机专业英语教程参考答案标准版

data flow数据流
dataformatting数据格式化
Ethernet cables以太网电缆
fiber optic光纤
flow control流控制
Frame Relay帧中继
layered architecture分层结构
leased line租用线
meshnetwork网状网络
monolithicarchitecture单片电路结构
Dot-matix printer点阵式打印机
Drum plotter鼓式绘图仪
Electron gun电子枪
Electrostatic charge静电荷
Electrostatic printer静电打印机
Flatbed plotter平板式打印机
Ink-jet printer喷墨式打印机
Laser printer激光打印机
Unit 2
Computer component计算机部件
in terms of以…..的名义
mainframe computer主计算机
output device输出设备
personal computer个人计算机
processing capability处理能力
storage device存储设备
Unit 2
1.In order to save dataportable
2.Before you canaccessany data
3.A computer can’t execute amain memory
4.A computer with a large memorysophisticatedprograms
4.If a computer is to function withoutinstructions

计算机专业英语(第二版)参考答案

写在前面的话各位老师：您们好。

欢迎使用劳动版专业英语教材。

如果您在使用中发现问题，或者有任何建议和意见，可与我们联系：联系人：赵硕联系电话：64962011电子邮箱：zhaos@计算机专业英语（第二版）参考答案Unit 1Lesson1Look and LearnA 1 Monitor 显示器 2 Modem 调制解调器 3 System Unit 系统单元，主机4 Mouse 鼠标 5 Speaker音箱 6 Printer 打印机7 Keyboard 键盘B 1.麦克风可以用来刻录声音。

2.操纵杆是为玩游戏而设计的。

3.多数的扫描仪可以既扫描图片又扫描文本。

4.绘图板被用于图形设计。

DialogueA 略B 1. Mary is good at computer.2. Because it hasn’t the computer software system, Mike’s computer can’t work.3. Mike is a computer outsider.Reading179A Input Device: keyboard, mouse, microphone, scanner, graphics tabletOutput Device: monitor, speaker, printerB Input device (输入设备) convert into(把….转变为) output device(输出设备) translate into (翻译成)Lesson 2Look and Learn1 BIOS-ROM 芯片2 Flash memory 闪存3 memory bank内存条4 CMOS setup CMOS 设置DialogueA Install configuration error utility invalidB1.Mary works at PC Support Center.2.Bill should run the CMOS setup utility to solve the problem.ReadingA 1 b 2 a 3 d 4 c 5 eB 1. Random access memory (RAM); RAM is volatile storage because everything in most types of RAM is lost as soon as the computer is turned off.2. Cache memory; Cache memory improves processing by acting as a temporary high-speed holding area between the memory and the CPU.3. Flash RAM; Flash RAM can retain data even if power is disrupted.1804. Read only memory (ROM); ROM chips are not volatile and cannot be changed by the user.1 Floppy disk 软盘2 CD-ROM 光驱3 Hard disk 硬盘4 Flash Disk 闪存盘；u盘 5 mobile hard disk 移动硬盘DialogueB１. Yes 2. Yes 3. No 4. YesReadingA 1 A 2 Bseries prevent unrecoverable comprise dustB concentric181Lesson 4Look and Learn1. CPU slot (CPU插槽)2. Memory slots （内存插槽）3.AGP slot（AGP 插槽）4.PCI slots（PCI插槽）5. Power connector （电源接口）6.Input/Output ports（输入输出端口）DialogueA interface socket battery slot processorB 1.Because the battery of the motherboard is getting low.2. The socket types of both the processor and the motherboard have to be the same for them to work with each other. The motherboard must have updated BIOS in order for the certain CPUs to work right.ReadingA tower medium component expansion serial specializeB 1 No 2 Yes 3 NoUnit 2Lesson1Look and Learn1. desktop2. Pop-up Menu3. Folder4. Screen saverDialogue182B1.His card is an external sound card.2.Windows will look for and install a driver automatically.ReadingA 1. b 2. d 3. c 4. aB1. Operating system recognizes input from the keyboard and sends output to the display screen.2. Operating system keeps track of files and directories on the disk.3. Operating system controls peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers.Lesson2Look and LearnA Word Access Excel PowerPointB 1.Title bar 2.Menu bar 3. Toolbar 4.Row 5. Column 6. Cell 7.Statusbar DialogueA1. word2. icon3. dialog boxB1. NO2. Yes3. YesReadingA command grid software interface interact formulaB 1. a 2. b 3. cLesson3Look and LearnA. PhotoshopB. FlashC. 3DS MAXD. After EffectsDialogue1. web pages2. Flah Player3. Plug-in4. browser183ReadingA visual audio technology interactivity navigationalB 1. B 2.C 3. BLesson4Look and Learn1. carbon copy2. subject3. attachment4.salutationDialogueA 1. Yes 2. NO 3. Yes 4. NoB 1. set up 2. log 3. Outlook ExpressReadingA filter intention instruction confidentialB 1. D 2.C 3. A 4. BUnit 3Lesson1Look and Learnwork interface card2.Hub3. Switch4.Wireless Router5.CableDialogueB 1. NO 2. Yes 3. Yes 4. NOReadingA 1. b 2. d 3. a 4. cB 1. a 2.c 3. bLesson2Look and Learn1841. Domain name2. Browser3. Website4. ProtocolDialogueA 1.ADSL 2. ISP 3. IP and DNS addressReadingA cable upload motorway permanentB 1. c 2. a 3. d 4. bLesson3Look and Learn1. bus2. star3. ring4. treeDialogueA 1.Toplogy 2. star 3. dynamicB 1. Yes 2. NO 3. Yes 4. NOReadingA format device protocol destinationB 1. c 2. a 3. bLesson4Look and Learn1. firewall2. antivirus3. spam4. virusDialogueA 1.Control panel 2. antivirus 3. securityB 1. NO 2. Yes 3. NO 4. YesReadingA hack management maintenance attackB 1. a 2. b185Unit 4Lesson1Look and learn（1）销售副总（2）营销经理（3）销售代表（4）销售助理（5）采买部经理（6）采购员DialogueAB 1. ABC Company and Huaxia Commercial Company2.products design3. configuration and priceReadingA 1.No 2. Yes 3. Yes 4. YesB 1.B 2.B 3.DLesson 2Look and learn1. discount stores2. catalogue3. promotion4. market share Dialogue186187B1. Not at all.a.你怎么啦？有什么问题吗？ 2. What ’s wrong with you?b.期待再次相见。

计算机专业英语(2)

Computer HardwareContentsz Careers in ITz TEXT A The Organization of Computer System Unit z TEXT B Input and Output z Writing Training z Translation Tips zLegendary Stories in ITTASK I Careers in ITCareers: Computer TechnicianComputer technicians repair and install computer components. They may work on everything from personal computers and mainframe servers to printers. Some computer technicians are responsible for setting up and maintaining computer networks. Experienced computer technicians may work with computer engineers to diagnose problems and run routine maintenance on complex systems. Job growth is expected in this field as computer equipment becomes more complicated and technology expands.Employers look for those with certification in computer repair or associate degrees from vocational schools. Employment usually begins with training, but most employers expect applicants to have prior technical experience. Computer technicians also can expect to continue their education to keep up with technological changes. Good communication skills are important in this field. Dialogue: Practice with Your PartnerTom: Hi, Jerry. You look so upset. What’s up?Jerry:I think computers are supposed to make our lives more convenient. But it seems like I spend half my time waiting for it to do something.Unit 2计算机专业英语·18·Tom:Why is it so slow? How much RAM do you have? Jerry:I think I have 128 Megs.Tom:That’s your problem.If you want Windows 7 to run smoothly, you need at least 256 Megs. Jerry:I have 512 Megs now. and most things work better, but I can't get my mouse to work properly. First it moves and then, all of a sudden, it jerks all the way across the screen. What can I do?Tom:Here, let me see. You should open the mouse and take out the ball.Do you see these contacts here?Jerry:Yes, they look pretty dirty.Tom: That's right. Let me clean those for you, and you'll be back to normal in no time. Jerry: Wow, you are so professional.Thank you. Tom:It’s my pleasure.TASK II TEXT AThe Organization of Computer System UnitFigure 2.1 The Organization of Computer Componentssequentially[si5kwZnFEli ] adj . 从而，循序地readily[5redili ] adv . 容易地，乐意地component[kEm5pEunEnt ] n . 部件，组件 A computer is a programmable machine designed to sequentially and automatically carry out a sequence of arithmetic or logical operations. The particular sequence of operations can be changed readily, allowing the computer to solve more than one kind of problem. A general-purpose computer has four main components : the arithmetic logic unit (ALU), the control unit, the memory, and the input and output devices. These parts areUnit 2 Computer Hardware·19·bus [bQs ] n . 总线ArithmeticLogic Unit 运算器，运算逻辑部件circuit[5sE:kit ] n . 电路，环形fundamental[7fQndE5mentEl ] adj . 基本的，重要的maintain[men5tein ] vt . 保持，坚持accommodate[E5kCmEdeit ] vt . 容纳，顺应classification[7klAsifi5keiFEn ]n . 分类，类别distinct[dis5tiNkt ] adj . 截然不同的，明显的architecture[5B:kitektFE ] n .体系结构，建筑学address[E5dres ] n . 住址，地址binary[5bainEri ] n . 二进制register[5redVistE ] n . 寄存器interconnected by buses , often made of groups of wires (See Figure 2.1).Arithmetic Logic UnitIn computing, an arithmetic logic unit is a digital circuit that performs arithmetic and logical operations. The ALU is a fundamental building block of the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer, and even the simplest microprocessors contain one for purposes such as maintaining timers. The processors found inside modern CPUs and graphics processing units (GPUs) accommodate very powerful and very complex ALUs; a single component may contain a number of ALUs.Mathematician John von Neumann proposed the ALU concept in 1945, when he wrote a report on the foundations for a new computer called the EDVAC. Research into ALUs remains an important part of computer science, falling under arithmetic and logic structures in the ACM Computing Classification System.Control UnitThe control unit (often called a control system or central controller) manages the computer's various components; it reads and interprets the program instructions, transforming them into a series of control signals which activate other parts of the computer. Control systems in advanced computers may change the order of some instructions so as to improve performance. In computers, the control unit was historically defined as one distinct part of the 1946 reference model of Von Neumann architecture . In modern computer designs, the control unit is typically an internal part of the CPU with its overall role and operation unchanged.MemoryA computer's memory can be viewed as a list of cells into which numbers can be placed or read. Each cell has a numbered “address” and can store a single number. The information storedin memory may represent practically anything. Letters, numbers, even computer instructions can be placed into memory with equal ease. In almost all modern computers, each memory cell is set up to store binary numbers in groups of eight bits (called a byte).The CPU contains a special set of memory cells called registers that can be read and written to much more rapidly than计算机专业英语·20·random-access memory 随机存取存储器read-only memory 只读存储器start-up 启动 indefinitely[in defEnEtli ] adv . 无限期地blur[blE :] vt .&vi . (使)变模糊 be restricted to 仅限于……，限制在……sophisticated[sE5fistikeitid ] adj .精密的，复杂的peripheral[pE5rifErEl ] n . 外围设备，周边设备perspective[pE5spektiv ] n . 远景，透视monitor[5mCnitE ] n . 监视器，显示器representation[7reprizen5teiFE n ] n . 表示，表达interaction[7intEr5AkFEn ] n .交互作用，互动 the main memory area. Registers are used for the most frequently needed data items to avoid having to access main memory every time data is needed. As data is constantly being worked on, reducing the need to access main memory greatly increases the computer's speed.Computer main memory comes in two principal varieties: random -access memory or RAM and read -only memory or ROM. RAM can be read and written to anytime the CPU commands it, but ROM is pre-loaded with data and software that never changes, so the CPU can only read from it. ROM is typically used to store the computer's initial start -up instructions. In general, the contents of RAM are erased when the power to the computer is turned off, but ROM retains its data indefinitely . Flash memory blurs thedistinction between ROM and RAM, as it retains its data when turned off but is also rewritable. It is typically much slower than conventional ROM and RAM however, so its use is restricted to applications where high speed is unnecessary.In more sophisticated computers there may be one or more RAM cache memories which are slower than registers but faster than main memory. Generally computers with this sort of cache are designed to move frequently needed data into the cache automatically, often without the need for any intervention on the programmer's part.Input/OutputI/O is the means by which a computer exchanges information with the outside world. Inputs are the signals or data received by the computer, and outputs are the signals or data sent from it. Devices that provide input or output to the computer are called peripherals . Note that the designation of a device as either input or output depends on the perspective . Mouse and keyboards take as input physical movement that the human user outputs and converts it into signals that a computer can understand. The output from these devices is input for the computer. Similarly, printers and monitors take as input signals that a computer outputs. They then convert these signals into representations that human users can see or read. For a human user the process of reading or seeing these representations is receiving input. These interactions between computers and humans are studied in a field called human–computer interaction.Unit 2 Computer Hardware·21·ExercisesI. March each of the following terms to its equivalent(s).II.Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text.1. In computing, __________ __________ __________ __________ (ALU) is a digital __________ that performs arithmetic and logical operations.2. Computer main memory comes in two principal varieties: __________ __________ or RAM and __________ __________ or ROM.3. Inputs are the signals or data __________ by the computer, and outputs are the signals or data __________ __________ it.4. In computers, the control unit was historically defined as one __________ part of the 1946 reference model of Von Neumann __________.5.Note that the designation of a device as either input or output depends on the __________. III. Mark the following sentences with true or false according to the passage.1. A computer has four main components: the arithmetic logic unit (ALU), the control unit, the memory, and the input and output devices;and they are interconnected by business. ( )2. I/O(Input and Output Devices) is the means by which a computer exchanges information with the outside world.( ) 3. Mouse and keyboards take as output physical movement that the human user inputs and converts it into signals that a computer can understand. ( ) 4. RAM is pre-loaded with data and software that never changes, so the CPU can only read from it.( ) 5. Control systems in advanced computers may change the order of some instructions so as to improve performance.( )IV. Translate the following passage from English into Chinese.Flash memory is a non-volatile computer storage chip that can be electrically erased andreprogrammed. It is primarily used in memory cards, USB flash drives, MP3 players and solid-state计算机专业英语·22·drives for general storage and transfer of data between computers and other digital products. It is a specific type of EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory) that is erased and programmed in large blocks; in early flash the entire chip had to be erased at once.TASK III TEXT BInput andOutputFigure 2.2 Input and Output Devicesattach to 使依附 layout[5leiaut ] n . 布局combination[7kCmbi5neiFEn ] n . 结合，组合A computer is only useful when it is able to communicate with the external environment. When you work with the computer you feed your data and instructions through some devices to the computer. These devices are called input devices (See Figure 2.2). Similarly computer after processing, gives output through other devices called output devices (See Figure 2.2).Input DeviceInput devices are necessary to convert our information or data in to a form which can be understood by the computer.Keyboard: This is the standard input device attached to all computers. The layout of keyboard is just like the traditional typewriter of the type QWERTY. It also contains some extra command keys and function keys. It contains a total of 101 to 104 keys. You have to press correct combination of keys to input data. The computer can recognise the electrical signals corresponding to the correct keys combination and processing is done accordingly.Unit 2 Computer Hardware·23·rolls on 滚滚向前censor[5sensE ] vt . 检查 cursor[5kE:sE ] n . 光标monochrome[5mCnEkrEum ] adj . 单色的，黑白的dumb terminal 哑终端 intelligent terminal 智能终端hammering[5hAmEriN ] n .捶打，捶打的声音ribbon[5ribEn ] n .（打印机的）色带Mouse ：Mouse is an input device that is used with personal computer. It rolls on a small ball and has two or three buttons on the top. When you roll the mouse across a flat surface, the screen censors the mouse in the direction of mouse movement. The cursor moves very fast with mouse giving you more freedom to work in any direction. It is easier and faster to move through a mouse.Scanner ：Scanner is an optical device that can input any graphical matter and display it back. The common optical scanner devices are Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR), Optical Mark Reader (OMR) and Optical Character Reader (OCR).Output DeviceAn output device is any piece of computer hardware equipm- ent used to communicate the results of data processing carried out by a computer to the outside world.Visual Display Unit ：The most popular output device is the Visual Display Unit (VDU). It is also called the monitor. A keyboard is used to input data and monitor is used to display the input data and to receive massages from the computer. A monitor has its own box which is separated from the main computer system and is connected to the computer by cable. In some systems it is compact with the system unit. It can be color or monochrome .Terminals ：It is a very popular interactive input/output unit. It can be divided into two types:hard copy terminals and soft copy terminals. A hard copy terminal provides a printout on paper whereas soft copy terminals provides visual copy on monitor. A terminal when connected to a CPU sends instructions directly to the computer. Terminals are also classified as dumb terminals or intelligent terminals depending upon the work situation.Printer ：It is an important output device which can be used to get a printed copy of the processed text or result on paper. There are different types of printers that are designed for different types of applications. Depending on their speed and approach of printing, printers are classified as impact and non-impact printers. Impact printers use the familiar typewriter approach of hammering a typeface against the paper and inked ribbon . Dot-matrix printers are of this type. Non-impact printers do not hit or impact a ribbon to print. They use electro-static chemicals and ink-jet technologies.计算机专业英语·24·dot-matrix 点矩阵 ink-jet 喷墨式elaborate[I5lAbEreit ] vt . 详细设计Laser printers and ink-jet printers are of this type. This type of printers can produce color printing and elaborate graphics.ExercisesI. March each of the following terms to its equivalent(s).II. Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text.1. Terminals can be divided into two types: __________ terminals and __________ _________ terminals.2. Laser printers and __________ printers can produce __________ printing and __________graphics.3. A monitor has its own box which is __________ the main computer system and is __________ to the computer by __________.4. The __________ of keyboard is just like the__________ typewriter of the type QWERTY.5.Mouse __________ __________ a small ball and has two or three buttons on the top. III. Mark the following sentences with true or false according to the passage.1. Input devices are necessary to convert our information or data into a form which can be understood by the computer. ( )2. Visual Display Unit (VDU) is the most popular input/output device of computer , it is also called the monitor .( ) 3. Scanner is an important inputer device,it is a kind of optical device that can output any graphical matter and display it back. ( ) 4. Mouse is an input device that is used with your personal computer, and it rolls on a small ball and has two or three buttons on the top. ( ) 5. A keyboard contains some extra command keys and function keys. When you press correctcombination of keys, you can input special data.( )Unit 2 Computer Hardware·25·IV. Translate the following passage from English into Chinese.A laser printer is a common type of computer printer that rapidly produces high quality text and graphics on plain paper. As with digital photocopiers and multifunction printers (MFPs), laser printers employ a xerographic printing process but differ from analog photocopiers in that the image is produced by the direct scanning of a laser beam across the printer's photo receptor.TASK IV Writing TrainingBusiness Card名片，又称卡片，是标示姓名及其所属组织、公司单位和联系方法的纸片。

计算机的专业英语选择

Multiple 11. The keyboard, mouse, monitor, and system unit are:hardware output devices storage devices software2. Programs that coordinate computer resources, provide an interface, and run applications are known as:application programs operating systemsstorage systems utility programs3. A browser is an example of a:basic application specialized programsystem application utility program4. Although not as powerful as a supercomputer, this type of computer is capable of great processing speeds and data storage.mainframe media center midrange netbook5. The smallest type of microcomputer:netbook handheld midrange tablet PC6. RAM is a type of:computer memory network secondary storage7. Unlike memory, this type of storage holds data and programs even after electrical power to the computer system has been turned off.primary RAM ROM secondary8. The type of file created by word processors to save, for example, memos, term papers, and letters.database document presentation worksheet9. The change in connectivity that uses the Internet and the Web to shift many computer activities from a user’s computer to computers on the Internet.cloud computing high definition network USB10. The largest network in the world is [the]:Facbeook Internet Web USBMultiple 21. The network that connects computers all over the world.CERN Internet LAN Web2. The rules for exchanging data between computers.DSL protocols Web WWW3. Client-based e-mail accounts require this special program to be installed on your computer.e-mail client hyperlink Java utility4. Communities of individuals who share a common interest typically create Facebook:clients groups pages profiles5. E-mail that does not require an e-mail program installed on a user's computer is known as:blog podcast Webmail utility6. A very well-known microblog.LinkedIn MySpace Twitter Wikipedia7. These programs continually look for new information and update search services’ database programs.filters IM spiders wikis8. A type of search engine that submits requests to other search engines, organizes their responses, eliminates duplicate responses, orders hits, and then provides an edited list.directory search ISPmetasearch engine specialized search engine9. This is the Internet’s equivalent to traditional cash.digital cash e-commerce icash Internetdollars10. Using file transfer utility software, you can copy files to your computer from specially configured servers on the Internet. This is called:downloading filtering blogging uploadingMultiple 31. This type of software works with end users, application software, and computer hardware to handle the majority of technical details.application general purpose system utility2. A rectangular area that can contain a document, program, or message.dialog box form frame window3. Programs that create text-based documents.DBMS suites spreadsheets word processors4. Programs that organize, analyze, and graph numeric data such as budgets and financial reports.DBMS suites spreadsheets word processors5. In a spreadsheet, the intersection of a row and column creates a:cell formula function label6. A collection of related data that is the electronic equivalent of a file cabinet.cell database document table7. A database tool that will quickly rearrange a table’s records according toa selected field.filter sort spreadsheet word processor8. Programs that combine a variety of visual objects to create attractive, visually interesting presentations.DBMS presentation graphics spreadsheet word processor9. The primary disadvantage of this type of package is that the capabilities of each function are not as extensive as in individual programs.integrated office software utility10. A type of suite stored at a server on the Internet and available anywhere through Internet access.cloud integrated office utilityMultiple 41. These specialized graphics programs combine text and graphics to create publications of professional quality.desktop publishing programs image editorsimage galleries illustration programs2. Also known as drawing programs.desktop publishing programs image editorsimage galleries illustration programs3. Graphics programs used to create and edit vector images.desktop publishing programs image editorsimage galleries illustration programs4. An essential multimedia feature that allows user participation.Flash interactivity immersion raster5. Special programs used to create multimedia presentations.desktop publishing programs Flash editorsimage editors multimedia authoring programs6. A widely used interactive animation application from Adobe.ACTION Flash Fuzzy WYSIWYG7. Programs for Web site design and HTML coding are called Web page editors orapps HTML editors VR programs Web editors8. This area of artificial intelligence is also known as expert systems.acoustics knowledge-based systems robotics virtual reality9. A type of artificial intelligence that uses a database to provide assistance to users.acoustics expert systems robotics virtual reality10. Another name for the database used in expert systems that contains specific facts and rules.access table expert table knowledge base rule baseMultiple 51. What type of software works with users, application software, and computer hardware to handle the majority of technical details?dapplication desktop Linux system2. The programs that convert programming instructions written by programmers into a language that computers understand and process are language:converters linguists managers translators3. The ability to switch between different applications stored in memory is called:diversion multitasking operational interferenceprogramming4. Graphic representations for a program, type of file, or function:app icon image software5. This operating system feature is controlled by a mouse and changes shape depending on its current function.dialog box menu mouse pointer6. The operating system based on Linux, designed for Netbook computers, and focused on Internet connectivity through cloud computing:Chrome Mac Unix Windows7. The mobile operating system developed by Apple and originally called iPhone OS:Android BlackBerry OS IOS Mac OS8. A utility program that makes copies of files to be used in case the originals are lost or damaged:Backup and Restore Disk Cleanup Disk Defragmenter Compactor9. A troubleshooting utility that identifies and eliminates nonessential files, frees up valuable disk space, and improves system performance:Backup and Restore Disk Cleanup Disk Defragmenter Compactor 10. Windows makes it easy to update drivers with Windows:Backup Restore Driver UpdateMultiple 61. This container houses most of the electrical components for a computer system.carrier package system board system unit TV tuner2. Similar to notebooks, this system unit specializes in on-the-go Web browsing and e-mail access.chassis desktop media center netbook3. Computers can only recognize this type of electronic signal.analog bus digital maximum4. The main or motherboard is also known as the:computer board processor mobile system system board5. How many bytes can a 32-bit-word computer access at one time?1 48 166. In a microcomputer system, the central processing unit is contained on a single:bus chip module RAM7. This type of memory divides large programs into parts and stores the parts on a secondary storage device.direct expanded random-access virtual8. Also known as NIC, this adapter card is used to connect a computer to a:AIA expansion graphics network9. This provides a pathway to connect parts of the CPU to each other.bus Plug and Play wired wireless10. Older ports that have largely been replaced by faster, more flexible ports are called:buses expandable legacy renderedMultiple 71. Most keyboards use an arrangement of keys known as:Alpha Daisy OptiKey QWERTY2. The device that controls a pointer displayed on the monitor.cord mouse printer scanner3. Also known as a roller ball, this device controls the pointer by rotatinga ball with your thumb.trackball joystick cordless mouse stylus4. The type of screen that can be touched with more than one finger and supports zooming in and out by pinching and stretching your fingers.digital dynamic multitouch OLED5. Flatbed and document are types of:headsets HDTVs monitors scanners6. Device used by banks to automatically read those unusual numbers on the bottom of checks and deposit slips.MICR FDIC OMR UPC7. The most widely used audio-input device.mouse VR microphone TFT8. The monitor feature that specifies how often a displayed image is updated.aspect ratio dot pitch refresh rateresolution rate9. Handheld, book-sized devices that display text and graphics.e-book readers HDTV lasers whiteboards10. This technology allows television stations to broadcast their programming directly to smartphones, computers, and digital media players.CRT HDTV LED Mobile DTVMultiple 81. RAM is sometimes referred to as:primary storage ratio active memoryread only memory secondary storage2. The actual physical material that holds the data and programs.primary storage media disk access3. Measures how tightly these charges can be packed next to one another on the disk.density cylinders tracks sectors4. When a read/write head makes contact with the hard disk’s surface, it causesa head:crash land pit scratch5. This hard-disk performance enhancement anticipates data needs.disk caching file compression file decompression RAID6. This type of storage uses pits and lands to represent 1s and 0s.cloud hard disk optical solid state7. DVD stands for:digital versatile disc digital video datadynamic versatile disc dynamic video disc8. USB drives are also known as:flash drives optical drives ports universal state bus9. An organizational strategy to promote efficient and safe use of data across the networks.cloud dynamic data mission statemententerprise storage system RAID10. A mass storage device that provides access to data archived on tapes.file system NAS RAID system tape libraryMultiple 91. The concept related to using computer networks to link people and resources.connectivity GPS TCP/IP Wi-Fi2. A high-frequency transmission cable that delivers television signals as well as connects computers in a network.coaxial hi def 3-D twisted pair3. A short-range radio communication standard that transmits data over short distances of up to approximately 30 feet.Bluetooth broadband DSL TCP/IP4. The speed with which a modem transmits data is called its:digital velocity dynamic rate modular rating transfer rate5. The bandwidth typically used for DSL, cable, and satellite connections to the Internet.baseband broadband medium band voiceband6. Every computer on the Internet has a unique numeric address called a(n):IP address DNS broadcast packet7. Sometimes referred to as a LAN adapter, these expansion cards connect a computer to a network.PCMCIA NIC server VPN8. A device that allows one LAN to be linked to other LANs or to larger networks.IDS network gateway PAN switch9. Typically using Wi-Fi technology, these wireless access points are typically available from public places such as coffee shops, libraries, bookstores, colleges, and universities.hotspots extranets PANs LANs10. Star, tree, and mesh are three types of network:topologies protocols strategies devicesMultiple 101. The three primary privacy issues are accuracy, property, and:access ethics ownership security2. To easily get names, addresses, and other details about a person using only his or her telephone number, government authorities and others use a(n):adware cookie keystroke logger reverse directory worm3. Browsers store the locations of sites visited in a:history menu tool bar firewall4. The browser mode that eliminates history files and blocks most cookies.detect insert privacy sleep5. The information that people voluntarily post in social networking sites, blogs, and photo- and video-sharing sites is used to create their:access approval firewall online identity phish6. Computer criminals who specialize in stealing, trading, and using stolen credit cards over the Internet are known as:carders card scammers cyber traders identity thieves7. Programs that come into a computer system disguised as something else are called:Trojan horses viruses Web bugs zombies8. The use of the Internet, cell phones, or other devices to send or post content intended to hurt or embarrass another person is known as:cyber-bullying online harassmentsocial media discrimination unethical communication9. Special hardware and software used to control access to a corporation’s private network is known as a(n):antivirus program communication gatefirewall spyware removal program10. To prevent copyright violations, corporations often use:ACT DRM VPN WPAMultiple 111. Which of the basic organizational functions records all financial activity from billing customers to paying employees?accounting marketing production research2. What managerial level has information flow that is vertical, horizontal, and external?top supervisory middle foreman3. Which computer-based information system uses data from TPS and analytical tools to support middle managers?ESS MIS DSS TPS4. Accounts payable refers to money the company owes its suppliers for materials and services it has:created exported inventoried received5. What accounting activity keeps track of all summaries of all transactions?balance sheet general ledgerincome statement inventory control6. What accounting statement lists the overall financial condition of an organization?balance sheet general ledgerincome statement inventory control7. What type of report is produced at regular intervals?demand exception inventory periodic8. A DSS consists of four parts: user, system software, decision models, and:application software data operating systemspreadsheets9. What type of worker is involved with the distribution, communication, and creation of information?executive foreman information knowledge10. What type of program is designed to schedule, plan, and control project resources?auditing dtp project managers schedulersMultiple 121. Facts or observations about people, places, things, and events are:data occurrences records tables2. The most basic logical data element such as a single letter, number, or special character is known as a:character element phrase record3. Each record in a database has at least one distinctive field, called the:key field structure type view4. One element of database security is to provide only authorized users with:classes nodes passwords relations5. The bridge between the logical and physical views of the data is provided by:DBMS records SQL tables6. Highly trained computer specialists who interact with the data administration subsystem are known as:DBMS data modelers database administrators relational specialists7. In a network database, each child node may have more than one parent node; this is known as a:hierarchy many-to-many relationshipparent relationship relational relationship8. Connections between parent nodes and child nodes are provided by:characters DBA objects pointers9. Two of the most significant advantages of multidimensional databases over relational databases are processing speed and:conceptualization control format objectification10. Object-oriented databases organize data by classes, attributes, methods, and:objects relations space timeMultiple 131. An information system is a collection of hardware, software, people, procedures, and:data DBMS specialists system analysts2. What is the first phase in the systems life cycle?needs analysis preliminary investigationsystems analysis systems design3. Which phase in the systems life cycle involves installing the new system and training people?preliminary investigation systems analysissystem design systems implementation4. This phase in the systems life cycle is concerned about determining system requirements not in design.preliminary investigation systems analysissystem design systems implementation5. Which systems analysis tool shows the relationship between input and output documents?checklist data flow decision table grid chart6. These tools relieve the systems analysts of many repetitive tasks, develop clear documentation, and, for larger projects, coordinate team member activities.automated systems life cycle CASEdata flow analyzers flow charts7. Which systems life cycle phase is concerned with economic, technical, and operational feasibility?preliminary investigation systems analysissystems design systems implementation8. What type of feasibility evaluates whether the people within the organization will embrace or resist a new system?behavioral economic operational techinical9. Which approach to conversion begins by trying out a new system in only one part of an organization?direct pilot parallel phased10. An alternative to the systems life cycle approach using powerful development software, small specialized teams, and highly trained personnel.AAD CASE prototyping RADMultiple 141. A program is a list of instructions for the computer to follow to process:data direct logic hardware software2. The major processing steps identified in a top-down program design are called:assembly instructions modules logic3. The programming logic structure in which one program statement follows another.concatenation loop repetition selection4. One of the best ways to code effective programs is to use the three basic logic structures to create:content-markup programs modular languagespseudocode structured programs5. Which step in the six-step programming procedure involves desk checking and searching for syntax and logic errors?program design program documentationprogram maintenance program test6. Which step in the six-step programming procedure is the final step?program design program documentationprogram test program maintenance7. Unlike traditional systems development, this software development approach focuses less on the procedures and more on defining the relationships between previously defined procedures.2GL context-markup module object-oriented8. Natural languages are considered to be a:high-level language low-level languagemid-level language procedural language9. A compiler converts the programmer’s procedural language program, called the source code, into a machine language code, called the:interpreter code object codestructured code top-down code10. The 4GL languages that enable nonprogrammers to use certain easily understood commands to search and generate reports from a database.query application generator C11 COBOLMultiple 151. People who react to technology by thinking computers are magic boxes capable of solving all kinds of problems that computers really can’t handle are:cynics frustrated naïve proactive2. The type of person that looks at technology in a positive realistic way is:cynical proactive naïve frustrated3. Books, journals, and trade associations are the best sources to help you:develop personal contacts develop specialtieslook for innovative opportunities maintain your computer competency 4. If your career is in marketing, it makes sense to develop a specialty in:database desktop publishingprogramming systems analysis and design5. What computer professional repairs and installs computer components and systems?computer technician data entry workerdesktop publisher software engineer6. What computer professional designs, tests, and researches encryption procedures?cryptographer network administratorprogrammer software engineer7. What computer professional uses database management software to determine the most efficient ways to organize and access data?cryptographer database administratorprogrammer software engineer8. What computer professional oversees the work of programmers, computer specialists, systems analysts, and other computer professionals?information systems manager network managersoftware engineer technical writer9. What computer professional creates, tests, and troubleshoots computer programs?network manager programmersoftware engineer technical writer10. What computer professional plans and designs information systems?network manager programmersoftware engineer systems analyst。

(完整版)计算机专业英语unit2ComputerArchitecture

这些程序通常被存储起来，并由计算机硬件调入和调出中央处理器。
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1. Introduction
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Software also governs how the hardware is utilized; for example, how information is retrieved from a storage device.
计算机硬件是计算机所需要的设备，由可被物理操纵的部件组成。
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1. Introduction
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The function of these components is typically divided into three main categories: in理器同时具有硬件与软件的特征，它们因此经常被称作固件。
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2. Input Hardware
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Input hardware consist of external devices –that is, components outside of the computer’s CPU– that provide information and instructions to the computer.
1. Introduction
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Computer hardware is the equipment involved in the function of a computer and consist of the components that can be physically handled.

《计算机专业英语》霍宏涛Chapter2

Notes

If an application does not make good use of the TLB， increasing the size of the page can be beneficial for performance, allowing for a bigger part of the address space to be mapped into the TLB. 如果应用程序没有充分利用TLB, 增加页面尺寸可以提高性能，因为它允许更大的地址空间映射到TLB。
Professional English in Computer Field
Chapter Two Computer Architecture
内容

正文

Computer Motherboard Memory Hierarchy in Cache-based Systems

阅读材料

Multi-core (computing) I2C

bottleneck fetch amortize consecutively latency metric uniform hierarchy rule of thumb
n.瓶颈 v.标准 adj.不变 n.分层结构单凭经验的方法

And the larger, more complex, and more important any program is, the better are its chances that that it'll be one of
these old 32-bit programs.
全关联缓存的设计解决了由于直接映射缓存所导致的潜在的颠簸的问题。

计算机专业英语试题及答案

计算机专业英语试题Ⅰ. Vocabulary（词汇）（30分）(一）．Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese(写出下列词组的汉语。

）（共10分，每题1分)1． operating system2．requirements analysis3． network security4． data structure5．decision support system6．relational database7．software crisis8． computer virus9．email attachment10．central processing unit ( CPU )(二）．Fill in the blanks with the corresponding English abbreviations.（根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。

) (共10分，每题1分）1．数据库管理系统 2．传输控制协议3．多文档界面 4．面向对象编程5．只读存储器 6．数字视频光盘7．计算机辅助设计 8．结构化查询语言9．通用串行总线 10．企业之间的电子商务交易方式（三）Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in the right column。

(将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配。

）（10分,每空1分)1。

multimedia a。

字处理器2. software life cycle b。

交换机3. structured programming c. 多媒体4。

functional testing d。

局域网5。

word processor e. 结构化程序设计6。

code windows f。

计算机专业英语课后答案

Lesson1Text AII. Translate the following terms and phrases into Chinese.1. external devices 1. 外部设备2. output device 2. 输出设备3. parallel device 3. 并行设备4. assembly language 4. 汇编语言5. block device 5. 块设备6. floating point 6. 浮点7. data stream 7. 数据流8. input device 8. 输入设备9. integrated circuit 9. 集成电路10. main storage 10. 主存III. Translate the following terms and phrases into English.缩写完整形式中文意义1. ALU Arithmetic/Logic Unit 运算器2. CPU Central Processing Unit或CentralProcessor Unit中央处理器3. CISC Complex Instruction Set Computer 复杂指令集计算机4. DSP Digital Signal Processing 数字信号处理5. EPROM Erasable Programmable Read OnlyMemory 可擦可编程只读存储器6. LED light-emitting diode 发光二级管7. MODEM MOdulator, DEModulator 调制解调器8. RAM Random Access Memory 随机访问存储器9. ROM Read Only Memory 只读存储器10. RISC Reduced Instruction Set Computer 精简指令集计算机IV. Fill in the gaps with the words or phrases chosen from the box. Change the forms where necessary.1. instructions2. devices3. concept4. consuming5. integrated circuits6. space7. fit into8. Information Age9. embedded computer 10.controlV. Translate the following passage into Chinese.计算机能够储存和执行被叫做程序的许多指令，这使其非常通用并不同于计算器。

计算机专业英语第二版课后翻译答案

Unite 1Section A: 1、artificial intelligence 人工智能2、paper-tape reader 纸带阅读器3、Optical computer 光学计算机4、Neural network 神经网络5、Instruction set 指令集6、Parallel processing 并行处理器7、Difference engine差分机8、Versatile logical element 多用途逻辑元件9、Silicon substrate 硅衬底10、Vaccum tube 真空管11、数据的存储与管理the storage and management of data12、超大规模集成电路large-scale integrated circuit13、中央处理器central processing unit14、个人计算机personal computer15、模拟计算机analog computer16、数字计算机digital computer17、通用计算机general purpose computer18、处理器芯片processor chip19、操作指令operating instructions20、输入设备input devicesSection B1、artificial neural network 人工智能神经网络2、Computer architecture 计算机体系结构3、Robust computer program 健壮的计算机程序4、Human-computer interface 人机接口5、Knowledge representation 知识代表6、数值分析numerical analysis7、程序设计环境programming environment8、数据结构data structure9、存储和检索信息store and retrieve information10、虚拟现实virtual realityUnit 2Section A：1、function key 功能键2、V oice recognition module 声音识别调制器3、Touch-sensitive region 触敏扫描仪4、Address bus 地址总线5、Flatbed scanner 平板扫描仪6、Dot-matrix printer 矩阵式打印机7、Parallel connection 并行连接8、Cathode ray tube 阴极射线管9、Video game 电子游戏10、Audio signal 音频信号11、操作系统operating system12、液晶显示liquid crystal display13、喷墨打印机inkjet printer14、数据总线data bus15、串行连接serial connection16、易失性存储器volatile memory17、激光打印机laser printer18、磁盘存储器floppy disc19、基本输入输出系统basic input/output system20、视频显示器video displaySection B:1、interrupt handler 中断处理程序2、Virtual memory 虚拟内存3、Context switch 上下文转换4、Main memory 主存5、Bit pattern 位模式6、外围设备peripheral device7、进程表process table8、时间片time slice9、图形用户界面graphics user interface10、海量存储器mass storageUnit 3Section A:1、storage register 存储寄存器2、Function statement 函数语句3、Program statement 程序语句4、Object-oriented language 面向对象语言5、Assembly language 汇编语言6、Intermediate language 中间语言7、Relational language 关系语言8、Artificial language 人工语言9、Data declaration 数据声明10、SQL 结构化查询语言11、可执行程序executable program12、程序模块program module13、条件语句conditional statement14、赋值语句assignment statement15、逻辑语言logic statement16、机器语言machine language17、函数式语言functional language18、程序设计语言programming language19、运行计算机程序run a omputer program20、计算机程序员computer programmerSection B1、native code 本机代码2、Header file 头文件3、Multithreaded program 多线程程序4、Java-enabled browser 支持Java的浏览器5、Mallicious code6、机器码machine code7、汇编码assembly code8、特洛伊木马程序trojan9、软件包software package10、类层次class hierarchyUnit 4Section A1、inference engine 推理机2、System call 系统调用3、Compiled language 编译执行的语言4、Parellel computing 并行计算5、Pattern matching 模式匹配6、Memory location 存储单元7、Interpreter program 解释程序8、Library routine 库程序9、Intermediate program 中间程序10、Source file 源文件11、解释执行的语言interpreted language12、设备驱动程序device driver13、源程序source program14、调试程序debugger15、目标代码object code16、应用程序application program17、实用程序utility program18、逻辑程序logic program19、黑盒ink cartridge20、程序的存储与执行storage and execution of program Section B1、Messaging model 通信模式2、Common language runtime 通用语言运行时刻（环境）3、Hierarchical namespace 分层的名称空间4、Development community 开发社区5、CORBA 公共对象请求代理体系结构6、基本组件basic components7、元数据标记metadata token8、虚拟机VM virtual machine9、集成开发环境IDE（intergrated development environment）10、简单对象访问协议SOAP(simple object access protocol) Unit 5Section A1、system specification 系统规范2、Unit testing 单元测试3、Software life cycle 软件的生命周期4、System validation process 系统验证过程5、Evolutionary development process 进化发展过程6、Simple linear model 简单线性模型7、Program unit 程序单元8、Throwaway prototype 一次性使用原型9、Text formatting 文本格式10、System evolution 系统演变11、系统设计范例paradigm for system design12、需求分析与定义Requirements analysis and definition13、探索式编程方法exploratory programming approach14、系统文件编制system documentation15、瀑布模型waterfall model16、系统集成system integration17、商用现成软件commercial off-the-shelf software18、基于组件的软件工程component-based software engineering19、软件维护工具software maintenance tool20、软件复用software reuseSection B1、check box 复选框2、Structured design 结构化设计3、Building block 构建模块4、Database schema 数据库模式5、Radio button 单选按钮6、系统建模技术system modeling techniques7、模型驱动开发MDD(model-driven development)8、数据流程图data flow diagram9、下拉式菜单drop-down10、滚动条scroll barUnit 6Section A1、end user 终端用户2、Atomic operation 原子操作3、Database administrator 数据库管理员4、Relational database model 关系数据库模型5、Local data 本地数据6、Object-oriented database 面向对象的数据库7、Database management system 数据库管理系统8、Entity-relationship model 实体关系模型9、Distributed database 分布式数据库10、Flat file 展开文件11、二维表two-dimensional table12、数据属性data attributes13、数据库对象database object14、存储设备storage device15、数据类型data type16、数据插入与删除insertion and deletion17、层次数据库模型hierarchical18、数据库体系结构database architecture19、关系数据库管理系统ralational database management system20、全局控制总线global control busSection B1、nonvolatile storage system 易失性存储系统2、Equitment malfunction 设备故障3、Wound-wait protocol 损伤等待协议4、Exclusive lock 排它锁5、Database integrity 数据库完整性6、共享锁shared lock7、数据库实现database implementation8、级联回滚cascading rollback9、数据项data item10、分时操作系统time sharing operating system ;Unit 7Section A1、microwave radio 微波无线电2、digital television 数字电视3、DSL 数字用户线路4、analog transmission 模拟传输5、on-screen pointer 屏幕上的指针6、computer terminal 计算机终端7、radio telephone 无线电话8、cellular telephone 蜂窝电话，移动电话，手机9、decentralized network 分散型网络10、wire-based internal network 基于导线的内部网络，有线内部网11、光缆fiber-optic cable12、传真机fax machine13、线通信wireless communications14、点对点通信point-to-point communications15、调制电脉冲modulated electrical impulse16、通信卫星communication(s) satellite17、电报电键telegraph key18、传输媒体transmission medium (或media)19、无绳电话cordless telephone20、金属导体metal conductorSection B1、bit map 位图2、parallel port 并行端口3、direct memory access (DMA) 直接存储器存取4、universal serial bus 通用串行总线5、general-purpose register 通用寄存器6、电路板circuit board7、串行通信serial communication8、数码照相机digital camera9、存储映射输入/输出memory-mapped I/O10、有线电视cable televisionUnit 8Section A1、file server 文件服务器2、carrier sense 载波检测3、Protocol suite 协议族4、Peer-to-peer model 点对点模型5、bus topology network 总线拓扑网络6、inter-machine cooperation 计算机间合作7、Ethernet protocol collection 以太网协作集8、Proprietary network 专有网络9、utility package 实用软件包10、star network 星形网络11、局域网local area network (LAN)12、令牌环token ring13、无线网络wireless network14、封闭式网络closed network15、环形拓扑网络ring topology16、客户/服务机模型client/server model17、网络应用程序network application18、进程间通信interprocess communication19、打印服务机printer server20、广域网wide area networkSection B1、routing path 路由选择通路2、dual-ring topology 双环形拓扑结构3、extended star topology 扩展星形拓扑结构4、backbone network 基干网，骨干网5、mesh topology网络拓扑结构6、同轴电缆coaxial cable7、逻辑拓扑结构logical topology8、无冲突连网环境collision-free networking environment9、树形拓扑结构tree topology10、目的地节点destination nodeUnit 9Section A1、cell phone 蜂窝电话，移动电话，手机2、IP address 网际协议地址，IP地址3、autonomous system 自主系统4、dial-up connection 拨号连接5、network identifier 网络标识符6、binary notation 二进制记数法7、mnemonic name 助记名，缩写名8、Internet-wide directory system 因特网范围的目录系统9、name server 名称服务器10、Internet infrastructure 因特网基础结构11、助记地址mnemonic address12、网吧cyber cafe13、宽带因特网访问broadband Internet access14、顶级域名top-level domain (TLD)15、因特网编址Internet addressing16、点分十进制记数法dotted decimal notation17、因特网服务提供商Internet service provider (ISP)18、专用因特网连接dedicated Internet connection19、主机地址host address20、硬件与软件支持hardware and software support Section B1、incoming message 来报，到来的报文2、application layer 应用层3、utility software 实用软件4、sequence number （顺）序号，序列号5、remote login capabilities 远程登录能力6、端口号port number7、软件例程software routine8、传输层transport layer9、文件传送协议FTP（File Transfer Protocol）10、万维网浏览器Web browserUnit 10Section A1、mailing list 邮件发送清单，邮件列表2、proprietary software 专有软件3、cc line 抄送行4、bcc line 密送行5、forwarded e-mail messages 转发的电子邮件6、e-mail convention 电子邮件常规7、click on an icon 点击图标8、confidential document 密件，秘密文件9、classified information 密级信息10、recovered e-mail message 恢复的电子邮件11、常用情感符commonly used emoticon12、已删除电子邮件deleted e-mail13、电子系统electronic system14、附件行Attachments line15、版权法copyright law16、电子邮件网规e-mail netiquette17、信息高速公路information superhighway18、签名文件signature file19、电子数据表程序spreadsheet program20、文字处理软件word processorSection B1、web-authoring software 网络写作软件2、template generator 模版生成程序3、navigation page 导航页面4、corporate logo 公司标识5、splash page 醒目页面，过渡页6、导航条navigation bar7、节点页面node page8、网站地图site map9、可用性测试usability testing10、图形交换格式gif（Graphics Interchange Format）Unit 11Section A1、customized marketing strategy 定制的营销策略2、B2G transaction 企业对政府交易3、mobile telephone 移动电话4、dot-com bust 网络不景气5、smart card 智能卡，灵巧卡6、digital piracy 数字盗版7、dot-com boom 网络繁荣8、C2C transaction 消费者对消费者交易9、Web auction site 拍卖网站10、fingerprint reader 指纹读取器11、射频识别装置radio-frequency identification (RFID) device12、电子数据交换electronic data interchange (EDI)13、库存管理技术inventory management technology14、知识产权intellectual property15、条形码bar code16、货币兑换currency conversion17、电子图书electronic book18、视网膜扫描仪retina scanner19、个人数字助理personal digital assistant (PDA)20、企业对企业电子商务B2B electronic commerceSection B1、software suite 软件套件2、text box 文本框3、virtual checkout counter 虚拟付款台4、static catalog 静态目录5、browser session 浏览器会话期6、动态目录dynamic catalog7、购物车软件shopping cart software8、供应链supply chain9、企业资源计划软件enterprise resource planning (ERP) software10、税率tax rateUnit 12Section A1、encryption program 加密程序2、deletion command 删除命令3、authorized user 授权的用户4、backup copy 备份5、voltage surge 电压浪涌6、circuit breaker 断路器7、electronic component 电子元件（或部件）8、data-entry error 数据输入错误9、electronic break-in 电子入侵10、power line 电力线，输电线11、检测程序detection program12、电源power source13、破坏性计算机程序destructive computer program14、计算机病毒computer virus15、软件侵权software piracy16、硬盘驱动器hard-disk drive17、病毒检查程序virus checker18、主存储器primary storage19、电子公告板electronic bulletin board20、浪涌电压保护器surge protectorSection B1、phishing attack 网络钓鱼攻击2、graphics card 显（示）卡3、heuristic analysis 试探性分析4、infected file 被感染文件5、virus dictionary 病毒字典6、数据捕获data capture7、恶意软件malicious software8、病毒特征代码virus signature9、防病毒软件antivirus software10、内存驻留程序memory-resident program。

《计算机专业英语》(中英文对照)

vacuum tubes 真空管
Census Bureau 人口普查局
thousands of 成千上万的
known as 通常所说的，以……著称
Abbreviations:
ENIAC(Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) 电子数字积分计算机，ENIAC计算机 EDSAC (Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Computer) 延迟存储电子自动计算机 BINAC (Binary Automatic Computer) 二进制自动计算机
计算机专业英语
1-2
Chapter 1 The History and Future of Computers
Requirements:
1. The trends of computer hardware and software 2. Basic characteristics of modern computers 3. Major characteristics of the four generations of modern computers
很难确切地说现代计算机是什么时候发明的。从20世纪30年代到40年代，制造了许多类似计算机的机器。但是这些机器大部分没有今天我们所说的计算机的所有特征。这些特性是：机器是电子的，具有储存的程序, 而且是通用的。
计算机专业英语
1-5
Chapter 1 The History and Future of Computers
4. 了解科技英语的特点，掌握科技英语翻译要点
计算机专业英语
1-3
Chapter 1 The History and Future of Computers

《计算机专业英语教程(第2版)》教学大纲

课程教学大纲课程名称（中文）：信息技术基础（全英文）课程名称（英文）： Fundamentals of Information Technology 课程性质：（通识必修、通识选修、学科基础、专业必修、专业选修、教师教育）学分：2+2学时：72，其中理论学时：36，实践（实验）学时：36授课对象：中法工商管理创新实验班授课语言：英文开课院系：计算中心课程网址：大夏学堂https:///webapps/blackboard/execute/m odulepage/view?course_id=_360_1&cmp_tab_id=_706_1&editMode =true&mode=cpview撰写人：江红一、课程简介（英文）DescriptionThis Course is designed to enable students to use Information Technology (IT) systems and applications independently to support a range of information processing activities. It is designed to develop a broad knowledge of the theoretical concepts, principles, boundaries and scope of IT applications. These activities will be centred on using software applications packages (Windows, Word, Excel, PowerPoint, HTML, Access) tomeet complex information requirements while paying attention to security and the needs of other users.二、课程目标ObjectivesOn completion of the Course the students should be able to:1. Operate a range of IT equipment independently, giving attention to security and to other users.2. Use a range of software application packages to meet complex information requirements.三、教学内容、学时分配和作业要求Weekly Teaching GuideTeaching Schedule:四、教材、参考书目或其他学习材料⚫计算机专业英语教程（第2版），江红主编，清华大学出版社，2017.8. ISBN：9787302473190⚫计算机专业英语教程，江红主编，清华大学出版社，2012.1.ISBN: 9787302255321⚫信息技术基础（IT Fundamentals）双语教程. 江红主编，清华大学出版社，2008.11. ISBN: 9787302184232⚫（美）Timothy J. O'Leary, Linda I. O'Leary 著，计算机专业英语(Computing Essentials)，北京：高等教育出版社，2012. ISBN：9787040115451五、考核办法与评价结构比例六、教学和实践环境要求：Lecturing and Practicing Requirements:⚫Computer + Data projector⚫Speaker + microphone, etc., multimedia devices⚫Local Area Network⚫Windows 7 (English Version)⚫Office 2013 (Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Access) (English Version)⚫WINRAR⚫Authoring Tools: Dreamweaver, FrontPage, etc.。

计算机专业英语第二版

• Personal Digital Assistants: much smaller than even the subnotebooks. Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) weypical PDA combines pen input, writing recognition, personal organizational tools, and communication capabilities in a very small package. Figure 1.2 shows an example of a PDA.
• Supercomputers are special, high-capacity computers used by very large organizations principally for research purposes. Among their uses are oil exploration and worldwide weather forecasting. An example of a supercomputer is shown in Figure 1.3.
••分析小理型速：计度句算和中机数T，据h也存ey被储指称能的为力是中介小型于机微型，型计是机算像和机书大；桌型大机短小之语的间fa机。ll器中in。型b它公et们司we的或en处大意思型是公“司的介部于门两一者般之把它间们”用，于i特n t殊he用ir途p。ro例ce如ss，in可g s以pe使e用ds它an们d做 data研-s究to或rin监g视ca某p一ac个iti生es产是过介程词。短小型语公作司状一语般。使用小型机进行一般
分析：in exchange for less weight 是介词短语作目的状语，意思是“为了换取较轻的重量”。

李云平版计算机专业英语——学习情景2：计算机编程

double-precision
qualifier compiler n. n.
双精度
限定符编译器
appropriate
restriction bit
adj.
n. n.
适当的
限制位（二进制位）
6
Words & Expressions - 3
positive adj. 正的
negative
modulo obey law arithmetic instance signed unsigned variable
12
Text A: Milestones of Programming Languages
Para 5. Another milestone in the late 1950s was the publication,
by a committee of American and EuropБайду номын сангаасan computer scientists, of "a new language for algorithms"; the ALGOL 60 Report (the "ALGOrithmic Language"). This report consolidated many ideas circulating at the time and featured two key language innovations: nested block structure: code sequences and associated declarations could be grouped into blocks without having to be turned into separate, explicitly named procedures; lexical scoping: a block could have its own private variables, procedures and functions, invisible to code outside that block, i.e. information hiding. Another innovation, related to this, was in how the language was described: a mathematically exact notation, Backus-Naur Form (BNF), was used to describe the language's syntax. Nearly all subsequent programming languages have used a variant of BNF to describe the context-free portion of their syntax. 13

计算机专业英语课程总结

计算机专业英语课程总结计算机专业英语课程总结随着计算机技术的不断发展,计算机专业英语(Computer English)变得越来越重要。

计算机专业英语课程旨在帮助学生掌握英语语言技能,以及计算机领域的专业知识和技能,以便更好地理解和应用计算机技术。

在本文中,我将总结我的计算机专业英语课程,并讨论我学到的知识和收获。

一、课程概述我的计算机专业英语课程由一名英语教师和一名计算机专家共同授课。

课程主要包括计算机术语和词汇、计算机编程语言、计算机体系结构、计算机网络、数据库管理系统、软件工程等课程。

我们还进行了多次小组讨论和项目实践,以帮助学生更好地理解和应用所学知识。

二、课程内容在计算机专业英语课程中,我们学习了以下内容:1. 计算机术语和词汇我们学习了计算机领域的专业术语和词汇,包括计算机硬件、操作系统、软件、网络、数据库等。

我们还学习了常用的缩写和术语解释,以便更好地理解和使用计算机技术。

2. 计算机编程语言我们学习了多种计算机编程语言,包括C、Java、Python、SQL等。

我们学习了编程的基本概念、语法和流程控制语句,并进行了一些简单的编程练习。

3. 计算机体系结构我们学习了计算机体系结构的基本概念和分类,包括中央处理器(CPU)、内存、输入输出设备等。

我们还学习了计算机硬件和软件之间的关系,以及如何设计和优化计算机系统。

4. 计算机网络我们学习了计算机网络的基本概念和分类,包括网络拓扑、协议、网络安全等。

我们学习了如何使用网络设备、传输数据、建立网络连接等。

5. 数据库管理系统我们学习了数据库管理系统的基本概念和分类,包括关系型数据库和非关系型数据库。

我们学习了如何使用SQL语言查询和管理数据,以及如何进行数据备份和恢复。

6. 软件工程我们学习了软件工程的基本概念和流程,包括需求分析、设计、开发、测试等。

我们学习了如何编写高质量的软件代码,如何进行版本控制和代码审查等。

三、收获通过参加计算机专业英语课程,我学到了许多关于计算机技术的知识,以及如何应用这些知识。