MRSE-2-6CUPC中文资料
ACCUSPIN系统-Histopaque 1077产品说明书
Technical BulletinACCUSPIN™ System – Histopaque ® 1077Catalog Numbers A6929, A7054, and A0561Product DescriptionACCUSPIN System-Histopaque -1077products are intended for use in the isolation of lymphocytes and other mononuclear cells. The separation medium, Histopaque-1077, is a sterile-filtered, endotoxin tested solution of polysucrose and sodium diatrizoate, adjusted to a density of 1.077 g/mL. The ACCUSPIN tube is specially designed with two chambers separated by a porous high density polyethylene barrier (frit).Separation of lymphocytes and other mononuclear cells from whole blood and bone marrow using density gradientseparation media is based on a published method.1 Histopaque-1077 is suitable for human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) typing 2 and as the initial isolation step prior toenumeration of T, B, and ‘null’ lymphocytes.3 It may also be employed in the preparation of pure lymphocyte suspensions for cell culture and cytotoxicity assays.4ACCUSPIN System-Histopaque-1077 products consist of radiation sterilized polypropylene tubes fitted with a highdensity polyethylene frit and aseptically filled with Histopaque-1077.Histopaque-1077 is a sterile-filtered solution of polysucrose, 57 g/L, and sodium diatrizoate, 90 g/L.Density: 1.076–1.078 g/mL Endotoxin: 0.3 EU/mL pH: 8.8–9.0ACCUSPIN System-Histopaque-1077Catalog No. A692940 × 3 mLEach tube contains 3 mL ofHistopaque 1077-1 and will separate 3-6 mL of anticoagulated blood Catalog No. A7054 12 × 15 mLCatalog No. A0561100 × 15 mLEach tube contains 15 mL ofHistopaque 1077-1 and will separate 15-30 mL of anticoagulated bloodReagents and Equipment Required but Not ProvidedCentrifuge (swinging bucket rotor)capable of generating 100 to 1,000 g Centrifuge tubes for washing mononuclear cellsIsotonic phosphate buffered saline solution or appropriate cell culture mediumPrecautions and DisclaimerFor R&D use only. Not for drug, household, or other uses. Please consult the Safety Data Sheet for information regarding hazards and safe handling practices.Preparation InstructionsSpecimen Collection - Collect blood in preservative-free anticoagulant (EDTA or heparin) or use defibrinated blood. For best results, blood should be processed within 2 hours.On occasion, it may be necessary to dilute the blood sample 3 to 5-fold, depending on absolute cell numbers. A similar volume of prediluted blood may be used or the blood sample may be diluted directly in upper chamber of the ACCUSPIN tube (seeProcedure, step 3). This is appropriate for specimens with hematocrits above normal.Storage/StabilityStore the products at 2–8 C.Histopaque-1077 has an expiration period of 3 years. Reagent label bears expiration date.ProcedureAnticoagulated blood can be added to the top chamber of the tube without risk of mixing with the Histopaque-1077 in the lowerchamber under the frit. On centrifugation the whole blood migrates through the frit to contact with the Histopaque-1077. The elements of greater density displace a volume of Histopaque-1077 above the frit giving a clear separation of the bloodcomponents. The erythrocytes aggregate and the granulocytes become slightly hypertonic, increasing their sedimentation rate, resulting in pelleting at the bottom of the ACCUSPIN Tube. Lymphocytes and other mononuclear cells, e.g., monocytes, remain at the plasma/Histopaque-1077 interface. This dense band of mononuclear cells may be collected by pouring off the contents of the upper chamber or by means of a pipette. Erythrocyte contamination is avoided due to the barrier between the chambers.Most extraneous platelets are removed by low speed centrifugation during the washing steps.1. Bring desired number of tubes to roomtemperature. If Histopaque-1077 isabove the frit prior to use, centrifuge at 1,000 g for 30 seconds at room temperature.Note: Failure to bring ACCUSPIN System-Histopaque-1077 to room temperature may cause limited recovery of mononuclear cells. 2. Label tube(s).3. Freely pour the blood sample into theupper chamber of each ACCUSPIN System-Histopaque-1077 tube.a. Use 3–6 mL of whole blood withACCUSPIN System-Histopaque-1077 tubes, Catalog No. A6929. b. Use 15–30 mL of whole blood withACCUSPIN System-Histopaque-1077 tubes, Catalog Nos. A7054 or A0561. Note: Use of volumes of prediluted or whole blood other than those recommended may result in decreased recovery.4. Centrifuge at 1,000 g for 10 minutes atroom temperature or centrifuge at 800 g for 15 minutes at roomtemperature. Centrifugation at lower temperatures, such as 4 C, may result in cell clumping and poor recovery.Note: If platelet contamination is a concern, add the mononuclear cells to a 4-20% sucrose gradient that has been layered over Histopaque-1077.Centrifuge at 1,000 × g for 10 minutes at room temperature. The platelets will pellet at the bottom, while themononuclear cells will migrate to the Histopaque-1077 layer.5. After centrifugation, carefully aspiratethe plasma layer with a Pasteur pipette to within 0.5 cm of the opaque interface containing mononuclear cells. Properly dispose of the plasma layer.Note: Failure to remove the excesssupernatant may result in contamination of the mononuclear band with plasma proteins.6. Carefully transfer the opaque interfacewith a Pasteur pipette into a clean conical centrifuge tube.Note: Removal of Histopaque-1077 with the mononuclear band increasesgranulocyte contamination from residual granulocytes, which may remain at the mononuclear interface.7. Wash the cells by adding 10 mL ofisotonic phosphate buffered saline solution or appropriate cell culture medium and mix by gently drawing in and out of a Pasteur pipette. 8. Centrifuge at 250 g for 10 minutes. 9. Aspirate the supernatant and discard. 10. Resuspend cell pellet with 5 mL ofisotonic phosphate buffered saline solution or appropriate cell culture medium and mix by gently drawing in and out of a Pasteur pipette.11. Centrifuge at 250 g for 10 minutes. 12. Repeat steps 9, 10, and 11, discardsupernatant and resuspend cell pellet in 0.5 mL of isotonic phosphate buffered saline solution or appropriate cell culture medium. Erythrocytes and granulocytes should pellet to the bottom of the ACCUSPIN tube. Mononuclear cells should band at the interface between the Histopaque-1077 and the plasma. If observed results vary from expected results, please contact Sigma-Aldrich Technical Service for assistance.References1. Boyum, A., Separation of leukocytesfrom blood and bone marrow. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest ., 21 (Suppl 97), 77 (1968).2. Amos, D.B., and Pool, P., “HLA typing” inManual of Clinical Immunology, Rose, N.R., and Friedman, H., eds., American Society for Microbiology, (Washington, DC: 1976) pp. 797-804.3. Winchester, R.J., and Ross, G., “Methodsfor enumerating lymphocyte populations” in Manual of Clinical Immunology, Rose, N.R., and Friedman, H. eds., American Society for Microbiology, (Washington, DC: 1976) pp. 64-76.4. Thorsby, E., and Bratlie, A., “A rapidmethod for preparation of pure lymphocyte suspensions.”Histocompatibility Testing, Terasaki, P.I., ed., 665-666 (1970).The life science business of Merck operates as MilliporeSigma in the U.S. and Canada.Merck, Sigma-Aldrich, ACCUSPIN, and Histopaque are trademarks of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany or its affiliates. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Detailed information on trademarks is available via publicly accessible resources.© 2022 Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany and/or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.NoticeWe provide information and advice to our customers on application technologies and regulatory matters to the best of our knowledge and ability, but without obligation or liability. Existing laws and regulations are to be observed in all cases by our customers. This also applies in respect to any rights of third parties. Our information and advice do not relieve our customers of their own responsibility for checking the suitability of our products for the envisaged purpose.The information in this document is subject to change without notice and should not be construed as a commitment by the manufacturing or selling entity, or an affiliate. We assume no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document.Contact InformationFor the location of the office nearest you, go to /offices .Technical ServiceVisit the tech service page on our web site at /techservice .Standard WarrantyThe applicable warranty for the products listed in this publication may be found at /terms .A0561 Technical Bulletin Rev 06/2022。
罗克斯(Racor)燃油过滤器产品目录说明书
HydrocarbonFiltration Products■Fuel Filtration Vessels and Systems■API/EI (IP) Qualified Cartridges■Filtration Cartridges■Fuel Dispensing Filtration■Fuel Condition MonitoringRefineryAirport2Multi-Product PipelineDedicated PipelineRoad TransportRefuelerDispenserACM 20Sea CargoAircraftHelicopterFuel DrumsFuel StorageFloating SuctionUnderground Storage Industrial & Marine Fuel Applications MF Racor offers 2 types of Microfilters:FP Cellulose cartridges offer 95%filtration efficiency and are available inmicron ratings of 1, 5, 10, 25, & 40,suitable for fuel and hydrocarbonapplications. FS Synthetic high efficiencymicrofilter cartridges feature a waterresistant, all synthetic media providing 99.7%+ efficiency at the stated 1, 5, 10, & 25 micron ratings complyingto API/EI (IP) 1590 2nd Edition (1 and 5 micron). Requirements may differ depending on location and contamination history.FWS Racor Hydrocarbon FWS seriesvessels use a 2 stage separationsystem. The first stage coalesces thefuel/water emulsion by means ofhigh efficiency filter media combinedwith a resin impregnated fiberglasscoalescing shell. The second stage uses a hydrophobic separator as a water drop barrier, allowing the cleandry fuel to pass. The coalesced water droplets are repelled by the hydrophobic barrier and are collected in the sump of the housing. A full range of standard and API/EI (IP) 1581 5th Edition qualified combinations are available. NOTE:A full range of industrial vessels are available for other hydrocarbon products.RHFM Racor Horizontal FuelMonitor Vessels with EI 1583cartridges will absorb free water from fuels to <15 ppm as well as providing high filtration efficiency. Monitor cartridges are qualified to EI 1583.RVFS This innovative filter vessel will accepta wide range of Microfilters, Coalescers and Separator cartridges. The vessel is particularly targeted at high volume diesel fuel deliveryterminals and fueling stations.FBO Offering a similar level of versatility asthe RVFS, these filter vessels will accept a widerange of Microfilters, Coalescers/Separatorsand Monitor cartridges. The vessel is particularly targeted at medium volume fuel delivery systems,and offers an economical solution to fuel delivery.ACM 20Parker’s renowned particle counter has been engineered and calibrated for use in fuels and allows quick, easy economical fuel condition checks for aviation and diesel fuels. A quick 2 minute testwill allow you to check contaminationlevels, trends and integrity in a far more consistent, reliable and repeatable waythan traditional clear and bright methods.Terminal PetrolStation3456789HYDROCARBON FILTER VESSELS 10FBO FILTER VESSELSMaximum Flow RatesMicrofilter 5-50 gpm 204050**20 PSID Filter Sep 5-30 gpm 122530**15 PSID Absorber5-45 gpm183545**30 PSIDMicrofilter 10-75 gpm 306075**20 PSID Filter Sep 10-40 gpm 153040**15 PSID Absorber10-70 gpm265570**30 PSID** varies with fluid,temperature,free water content and flow rate.The same flow rates apply to the FBO-10-MA and FBO-14-MA.Flow Range DieselKeroseneGasolineDelta PDelta PFBO-10Clean DryChange Flow Range DieselKeroseneGasolineDelta PDelta PFBO-14Performance SpecificationsFBO Filter AssemblyRacors’ FBO-10 and FBO-14 filter assemblies are designed to meet the toughest hydrocarbon refueling conditions and provide for ease of cartridge change outs.The FBO assembly can be used onmobile refuelers or installed in refueling cabinets. The unit can also be used for diesel fuel dispensing pumps or as a primary fuel filter/water separator for large diesel engines.The assembly features a locking ring collar, which attaches the filter housing to the aluminum die-cast filter head with four bolts. The slotted locking ring collar allows maintenance personnel to hand-loosen the four collar bolts, rotate and lower the bowl assembly for cartridge change outs. With new cartridge installed, simply raise the bowl and rotate into position on the locking ring and hand tighten evenly.The closure hardware consists of stainless steel nuts, bolts and washers with metal hand knobs for ease of maintenance – one person can easily change the filter element. No wrenches or other special tools are required. 100 LB-IN torque is highly recommended.Standard Design Features• Die-cast aluminum head • Steel filter bowl assembly •Powder-coated components •Locking ring collar, no V clamps •1 1/2" NPT Inlet and Outlet•10 bar @ 240°F max design pressure •Manual drain valve •Manual vent valveOptions• Mounting bracket • Sight glass• Pressure diff. indicator • Water ProbeApplications• Diesel fuel, aviation gas, gasoline and keroseneInstallations•Diesel fuel dispensing system •Marine fuel docks •Fuel systems on large diesel enginesUL listed versions are available as part numbers FBO-10-MA and FBO-14-MA. See bulletin 7694.1151"RVFS-2 12131415Features•Carbon steel construction; other materials available • ASME Code, Section VIII construction, stamped and certified • Zinc plated swing bolt closure • Buna-N o-ring cover seal • Hydraulic jack cover lift• Inlet and outlet permanently marked • Interior: epoxy-coated MIL-C-4556 E • Exterior: prime coated• Knife-edge cartridge mounting sealsOptional Accessories•Automatic air eliminator •Pressure relief valve•Differential pressure gauge •Sampling probes•Manual or automatic water drain valves•Sump drain line heaters •Liquid level sight glass •Water slug control valve •Pilot control valve•Rate of flow control valveIndustrial Filter/Water Separator VesselsThe RVFS Series Filter/Water Separator Vessels are for use with Racor Hydrocarbon ACP, RAC and CP Series Coalescers and SP, SS, ST, RSS and RST Series Separator Cartridges. Racor hydrocarbon RVFS Series two-stage vertical coalescer/separator housings are designed to filter solids and separate water from fuel. Using the correct combination of Racor hydrocarbon coalescer cartridges and second stage separator cartridges will provide the highest degree of water and solids removal.Applications • Diesel Fuel • Kerosene • Gasoline • Bio-Diesel Installations •Refineries •Terminals •Loading racks •Marine fuel sites •Fuel storage •Fuel pipelines Connections•Inlet and Outlet: 150# RF (ANSI) flanged •Main Drain: NPT•Vent and pressure relief connection: NPT •Differential pressure gauge/sample ports: NPTFeatures•Carbon steel construction;other materials available •ASME Code, Section VIII construction, stamped and certified •Zinc-plated swing bolt closure •Buna-N o-ring cover seal• Hydraulic jack cover lift• Inlet and outlet permanently marked •Interior: epoxy-coated MIL-C-4556E • Exterior: prime coated• Knife-edge cartridge mounting seals API/EI (IP) 1581 5th Edition Vertical and Horizontal Filter/Water Separator VesselsThe RVFS/5 Series Filter Water Separator Vessels are for use with Racor Hydrocarbon ACP and RAC Series Coalescers and SS, ST, RSS and RST Series Separator Cartridges. Racor hydrocarbon RVFS/5 Series two-stage vertical and horizontal coalescer/separator housings are designed to filter solids and separate free water from jet fuel. Using the correct combination of Racor hydrocarbon coalescer cartridges and second stage separator cartridges will provide the highest degree of water and solids removal.Applications• Jet A, Jet A1• JP4, JP5, JP8• KeroseneInstallations•Refineries•Terminals•Loading racks•Hydrant carts and refuelersConnections•Inlet and Outlet: 150# RF (ANSI) flanged•Main Drain: NPT•Vent and pressure relief connection: NPT•Differential pressure gauge/sample ports: NPTOptional Accessories•Automatic air eliminator•Pressure relief valve•Differential pressure gauge•Sampling probes•Manual or automatic waterdrain valves•Sump drain line heaters•Liquid level sight glass•Water slug control valve•Pilot control valve•Rate of flow control valveAPI/EI (IP) 5th EditionVertical Coalescer Separators (FWS)API/EI (IP) 5th EditionHorizontal Coalescer Separators (FWS)1617Standard Housing Data and Flow Rates18crankcaseventilation, marinefilter/silencers, cabin air filtersand replacement filters.Engine CrankcaseRacor’s tried and trustedrange of Spin-On fuelfilter/water separators andthe legendary Turbine Seriesrepresent, to customers,OEMs and end users alike,the very best in fuelfiltration solutions.1920high technology markets, achieving profitableDesigns, manufactures and markets system-filtration and clarification products, providingcustomers with the best value, quality, techni-Designs, manufactures and markets rigid and21Brochure No. 7537 USA01/07 5MParker Hannifin CorporationRacor Division P .O. Box 3208Modesto, CA 95353 USA 800/344-3286209/521-7860Fax 209/529-3278/racor e-mail: racor @Argentina •+54 (3327) 44-4129Australia •+61 (2) 9 634 7777Austria •+43-2622-23501-0Belgium •+32 (67) 280900Brazil •+55-12-3955-1000Canada •1-800-272-7537Central & South America/Caribbean •1-305-470-8800Chile •+56 (2) 623-1216China •+86 (21) 6445 9339Czech Republic •+42-0-2-830-85-221Denmark •+45-0-43-56-04-00Finland •+358 (0)3 54100France •+33-0-254-740304Germany •+49-0-2131-4016-0Hong Kong •+852 (2) 428 8008Hungary •+36 (1) 252 8137India •+91-22-5613 7081 /82/83/84/85Italy •+39-02-451921Japan •+81-3-6408-3900Jordan •+(962) (6) 810679Korea Choongnam •+82-41-583-1410Korea Kyoungnam •+82-55-389-0100Korea Seoul •+82-2-559-0420Mexico •1-800-272-7537Netherlands •+31-0-541-585000New Zealand •+64 (9) 573 1523Norway •+47-64-91-1000Poland •+48-22-863-4942Singapore •+65 6261 5233South Africa •+27 (11) 9610700Spain •+34 (91) 675 7300Sweden •+46-8-5979-5000Switzerland •+41-0-22-307-7111Taiwan •+886 (2) 2298 8987Thailand •+66 2717 8140United Arab Emirates •+971-2-6788587United Kingdom •+44 (0) 1924-487000USA •1-800-272-7537Venezuela •+58-212-238-54-22Filtration Group Headquarters6035 Parkland Blvd.Cleveland,Ohio,44124-4141 USA Tel:(216) 896-3000Fax:(216) /filtrationFiltration and Separation Division Balston Products242 Neck RoadHaverhill,MA 01835-0723 USA Tel:(978) 858-0505Fax:(978) /balstonFiltration and Separation Division Finite Filter Products500 Glaspie Street P .O.Box 599Oxford,MI 48371-5132 USA Tel:(248) 628-6400Fax:(248) /finitefilterHydraulic Filter Division16810 Fulton County Road #2Metamora,OH 43540-9714 USA Tel:(419) 644-4311Fax:(419) 644-6205/hydraulicfilterProcess Advanced Filtration Division2340 Eastman Avenue Oxnard,CA 93030 USA Toll Free:(877) 784-2234Tel:(805) 604-3400Fax:(805) 604-3401/processfiltrationParker Hannifin GmbH & Co KGInselstrasse 5D-70327 Stuttgart-Wangen Germany Tel:+49 (0) 711 7071 290-10Fax:+49 (0) 711 7071 /racorRacor Division Global Headquaters3400 Finch Road P .O.Box 3208Modesto,CA 95353 USA Toll Free:(800) 344-3286Tel:(209) 521-7860Fax:(209) /racor Beaufort,SC,USA Tel:(843) 846-3200Holly Springs,MS,USA Tel:(662) 252-2656Parker Hannifin Industria e Comercio Ltda.Filtration DivisionEstrada Municipal Joel de Paula,900Eugenio de Melo,São Josédos Campos CEP 12225-390 SP Brazil Tel:+55 (12) 4009 3500Fax:+55 (12) 4009 /brParker Hannifin Shanghai Co.Ltd.280 YunQiao RoadJinQiao Export Processing Zone Shanghai 201206 China Tel:+86 21 5031 2525Fax:+86 21 5834 /chinaParker Hannifin Thailand Co.Ltd.1023 3rd Floor,TPS Building Pattanakarn RoadSuanluang,Bangkok 10250 Thailand Tel:+66 2717 8140Fax:+66 2717 /thailandParker Hannifin Corporation IndiaPlot EL 26,MIDC,TTC Industrial Area Mahape,Navi Mumbai 400709 India Tel:+91 22 5613 7081/82/83/84/85Fax:+91 22 2768 6618//indiaParker WorldwideSales OfficesContact Parker’s worldwide service and distribution network by calling:Parker Filtration GroupEngineering, Manufacturing & Service LocationsParker Hannifin UK Ltd.Filter Division EuropeShaw Cross Business Park Churwell ValeDewsbury,WF12 7RD EnglandTel:+44 (0) 1924 487000Fax:+44 (0) 1924 487038/eurofiltParker Hannifin Oy Filtration Division Salmentìe 260FI-31700 Urjala as.FinlandTel:+358 20 753 2500Fax:+358 20 753 2501/fidomnick hunter Filter Division Durham Road,Birtley Co.Durham,DH3 2SF EnglandTel:+44 (0) 191 410 5121Fax:+44 (0) 191 410 2532Parker Korea Ltd .777 Jung-Ri Dongtan-Myeon,Hwaseong-City Kyunggi-Do,445-813 KoreaTel:+82 31 379 2200Fax:+82 31 377 9710/koreaParker Hannifin Africa Pty Ltd.Parker Place,10 Berne Avenue,Aeroport Kempton Park,1620 South AfricaTel:+27 11 9610700Fax:+27 11 3927213/euParker Hannifin Japan Ltd 626,Totsuka- cho,Totsuka-ku Yokohama-shi,244-0003 Japan Tel:+81 45 870 1522Fax:+81 45 864 5305/japan。
埃斯科特202系列吸筒过滤器产品参数及订购信息说明书
6.2 bar 10.3 bar
Primary Pressure - PSIG
35 PSIG
90 PSIG 150 PSIG
7
Pressure Drop - bar Pressure Drop - PSIG
.4
6
5
.3 4
.2
3
2
.1
1
Flow Characteristics F602-032A*
3/8 Inch Ports
02 1/4 Inch 03 3/8 Inch 04 1/2 Inch
Bowl Options
Polycarbonate Bowl
2 Metal Bowl Guard / Twist Drain
6 Metal Bowl Guard / Auto Float Drain
Metal Bowl 3 Twist Drain 4 Sight Gauge / Twist Drain 7 Auto Float Drain
Twist Drain
Poly Bowl‡ / Metal Guard
1/4"
F602-022A*
3/8"
F602-032A*
1/2"
F602-042A*
Metal Bowl / Sight Gauge
1/4"
F602-024A*
3/8"
F602-034A*
1/2"
F602-044A*
NPT Automatic Float Drain
Bowl Kits – Poly Bowl –
Automatic Float Drain ......................................................PS722 Twist Drain.........................................................................PS732
symbia intevo6ct参数
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IEC62321-8：2017中文版
电子产品中限用物质的测定第8 部分：气相色谱-质谱法测定聚合物中的邻苯二甲酸酯(GC-MS)，(PY/TD-GC-MS)这个标准基于以下文件：CDV Report on voting111/416/CDV 111/430/RVC1 范围1.1 IEC 62321 的这一部分给出了两个标准和两个信息型技术来测定电子产品中聚合物的DIBP、DBP、BBP、DEHP、DNOP、DINP、DIDP 含量；1.2 GC-MS 和PY/TD-GC-MS 技术在本文的标准中作了详细说明；1.3 GC-MS 测试DIBP、DBP、BBP、DEHP、DNOP、DINP、DIDP 的定量限值范围为50mg/kg-2000mg/kg；1.4 TD-GC-MS 测试DIBP、DBP、BBP、DEHP、DNOP、DINP、DIDP 的筛选和半定量限值范围为100mg/kg-2000mg/kg；1.5 IAMS 适用于DIBP、DBP、BBP、DEHP、DNOP、DINP、DIDP 的筛选和半定量，但由于峰值和分辨率的限制，DBP、DIBP、DEHP、DNOP 还没能建立IAMS 的方法；1.6 LC-MS 技术仅限于测定BBP、DEHP、DNOP、DINP 和DIDP，由于峰值和分辨率的限制，DBP、DIBP 还没有合适的LC-MS 方法；1.7 本文档提供了一个标准的PY/TD-GC-MS 和GC-MS、可参考的直接进样的IAMS 和LC-MS的流程图；1.8 本文档的标准已经用含有个别浓度在450mg/kg~30000mg/kg 邻苯二甲酸盐的PE 和PVC材料评估了这4 种测试方法，本文档对上述的其他聚合物，其他邻苯二甲酸化合物以及其他浓度范围未做具体研究。
2 引用标准下列的整个或部分文件对这个文档的参考不可或缺，它表明了标准的日期，引用的版本，对未标明的标准，标准文件的最终版本（包括修订版）可用。
IEC62321-1:2013 电子产品的限用物质的测定第一部分3 术语、定义和缩写词3.1 术语和定义对于这个文档，使用下列术语和定义，ISO 和IEC 官网有维护。
有机产品日本标准——中文版
藏、包装及其它收获后工序的
害动植物防治标准、一般管理标准、育苗管理标准(以下称农田或采集区
相关管理
项目标准)生产的农产品混入。
2. 有害动植物的防治及品质的保持改善只能使用物理及生物方法(转基因产
品除外)。但是当物理及生物方法效果不充分的情况下，可以使用下列物
品：
（1）有害动植物防治目的：附表 2 所列农药及日本有机加工食
10 月 27 日农林水产省颁布的第 1607 号公告）条款 4 生产方
法的标准。
（3）符合标准（2）a 生产过程中产生的废旧木材应持续利用并加强自
然循环功能。
农田有害动植物的防治
只能使用栽培管理（作物种类及品种的选择、耕作时期的调整及其他作为栽
培管理的一环所进行的抑制病虫草害发生的措施）、物理防治（充分利用光、
北京爱爱科赛尔认证心有限公司 100091
电话：010-62827070, 62827171, 62818363 传真：010-62827958 电子邮件：info@ 网址：
ECOCERT CHINA/中国
题名：日本有机农业标准
(目的) 第 1 条 本标准用以规范有机农产品的生产方法。
物防治标准及一般管理标准进行管理。
1. 满足本表中农田或采集区条件的农田或采集区土壤。
2. 取自没有从周边飘移及流入且没有使用过禁用物质的区域、并且收获前
后至少 3 年未使用过禁用物质的土壤。
3. 只使用附表 1 所列的肥料及土壤改良剂。
运输、分选、加工、清洗、储 1. 防止不符合本表农田或采集区标准、没有按照农田的培肥管理标准、有
农田的培肥管理
持和增加土地生产力和土壤肥力，如果上述田地或周围生活的生物活动
不能维持和增加田地的土壤肥力和生产力时，可以使用附表 1 所列肥料
MS260-13(中文)
作用车种技术 标准ENGINEERING STANDARD页码全车种1/8作成处材 料 规 格规格编号非金属材料研究组MS 260-13题目: SPONGE 橡胶目 次1. 作用范围2. 种类 和 记号3. 品 质4. 实验范围5. 图面表示方法6. 其 他EMS30125 要求项目 追加 (环境有害物质) 和RETYPINGALL03.01.14 손병천 EMSV0150内容确认 和 SI 单位化 2/8, 4/8∼8/897.10.31 양경모 - ESF-120 新 规 作 成 ALL 85.10.14 - 部号EO 编号变 更 内 要 关联 PAGE改正日期 作成者 制订日期1985.10.14. 参考资料 报告书 No : RECY10216-021226区分 作成 检讨承认职责 研究员乙 先任乙 首席研究员 原件 保管处IPIS(ES/MS 管理系统)决 裁 손병천 SIGNED ‘03/01/14양경모 SIGNED ‘03/01/14 황태원 SIGNED ‘03/01/14A A a A b1. 作用范围此规格作用于 汽车的 PACKING PAD 等 防水,防动,防音 等的用途而使用的 SPONGE 橡胶 (以下简称 “SPONGE 橡胶”).2. 种类 和 记号SPONGE 橡胶的 种类 和 记号如表 1, 表 2, 表 3.表 1. 大区分 (SPONGE 的 区分)种类 记 号 连续 气泡 (连泡) O 独立 气泡 (单泡)E表 2. 小区分 (橡胶的 种类) 种类 记 号 使用下的 橡胶 POLYMER 材质(1) 作用部分例 耐油性差的 SPONGE 橡胶(但是, 对于植物油良好) RNR, SBR, EPDM 等及其他 混合物 HUENDA PACKING, LAMP GASKET,RESORBER HOSE(BRAKE) 用 PAD耐油性好的 SPONGE 橡胶 SB NBR, U 等 及 其他 混合物 耐油PACKING GASKET 等 耐油性中等的 SPONGE 橡胶SCCR, CSM 等 及 其他 混合物CLUTCH,HAND BRAKE, CABLE PAD 等注(1) 橡胶 POLYMER 材质 NR : 天然橡胶SBR : Styrene Butadiene 橡胶EPDM : Ethylene Propylene Diene 橡胶NBR : Acrylo Nitrile Butadiene 橡胶 (Nitrile 橡胶) U : Urethane 橡胶CR : Chloroprene (商品名 : Neoprene)CSM : Chlorosulfonate Polyethyrene 橡胶 (商品名 : Hypalon)Aa表 3. 小区分 (追加要求事项)记号摘要B 耐压缩永久出音性CO 耐臭氧性(大)C1 耐臭氧性(中)C2 耐臭氧性(小)F1 耐低温臭化性P 耐污染性Z1, Z2 记述外特殊追加事项3. 品质3.1 一般要求事项SPONGE 橡胶利用良好原料，使其均匀地发泡加黄,无分裂, 异物混入等.3.2 详细要求事项SPONGE 橡胶见与表4显示的基本要求事项一起小区分记号的附加情况依据4项规定下的实验范围进行实验以满足此要求事项.表 1项目记号基本要求事项 小分类记号 附加要求事项 B C0 C1 C2 F1 P环 境 有 害 物 质硬 度 老化性 吸收性 耐 压 缩 永 久 出 音 率 (最大) % 耐压 缩永 久出 音 率 (最大)% 耐 臭 氧 性 (大) 耐 臭 氧 性 (中) 耐臭 氧性(小) 耐 低 温 臭 化 性 耐 污 染 性 硬度 变化(最大) % 吸收率 (最大) % OR 图 面 预 期 材+20 -3010旋 转 值← ← ←污 染 值满足 MS 201-02的 要求事项OSB OSC ER 55030ESB ESCA b A a4. 实验方法4.1 一般条件(1) 实验的 一般条件依据MS 200-41的 3项. (2) 实验片实验片 不管采取制品哪一部分都要在与制品同一条件制造的情况下使用. 4.2 硬度实验 为了SPONGE 橡胶空气容易排出 在平平的底座上打出直径6㎜, 距离中心19㎜的多数的孔, 直径200㎜的圆形加压盘在SPONGE 橡胶的面 施加全荷重 4.9N ｛0.5 kg ｝的情况下测定厚度 这个是最初厚度.其次 用圆形加压盘以10 ㎜/sec 的速度压缩初次厚度的25%距离 停止后 经过20秒后 读取荷重，这个是硬度(N ｛kg ｝).但是, 实验片的面积 规定的圆形加压盘面积情况如下所示 求得 全荷重 和 硬度 (N ｛kg ｝).1.6 ×A W =1000这里 W : 全荷重 (N ｛kg ｝) A : 实验片的面积 (㎠)314 W1 = P × A这里 W1 : 硬度 (N ｛kg ｝)A : 实验片的 面积 (㎠)P : 压缩后的 刻度 (N ｛kg ｝)Aa4.3 老化实验 实验片 按4.2项的方法测定硬度后 这个依据 MS 200-41的 4.3.(3)项的方法 按表5的条件老化后拉出实验片室温中放置60分钟重新按4.2项的方法测定硬度 依下式计算硬度变化率.h1 - h0H = ×100 h0这里 H : 老化后的 硬度变化率 (%) h0 : 老化前的 硬度 (N ｛kg ｝) h1 : 老化后的 硬度 (N ｛kg ｝)表 5 4.4 吸收实验 SPONGE 橡胶制造时使用的金型面 无锅部分 锐利边带刀制造平滑面 这个内含蒸馏水的容器的水面下水平25 ㎜ 24小时 室温下沉积吸收.24小时后 抽出实验片 出气 用抹布擦周围, 即时 实验片的尾部分起约5㎜程度 切断 除去. 此作业要注意切断面无水分附着. 切断面 平滑 利用100 MESH 精度的耐水纸, 上项实验片的 测定重量(W1) 和 体积(V).以下70 ±5℃重量不变时为止干燥 坩埚中冷却后测定重量(W2). 吸收率按下式计算.W1 - W2Wa = ×100 V ×P这里 Wa : 吸收率 (%) P : 水的比重为1. 项目记号 温度 ℃ 时间 hR 70 ±1 70 SB 100 ±1 70 SC 100 ±1 70 Aa Aa4.5 压缩永久出音率实验正确测定SPONGE 橡胶的厚度后, 两面이 平行한 알루미늄제 压缩盘에 实验片的厚度压缩固定50% 并按表6的条件加热后抽出 除去实验片压缩盘在室温中放置30分钟后, 测定此时厚度. 压缩永久出音率 按下式算出.t0 - t1C = ×100t0 这里 C : 压缩永久出音率 (%)t0 : 初期 实验片的 厚度 (㎜) t1 : 实验后 实验片的 厚度 (㎜) 表 64.6 臭氧老化实验依据MS 200-41的 4.7项. 但是, 实验条件依据表7.表 74.7 低温臭化实验依据MS 200-41的 4.8项.但是, 实验温度为 –40 ±5℃.4.8 耐污染实验(1) 长度 约 60 ㎜, 宽 10 ㎜, 厚度 2 ㎜的 长方形的实验片 被污染材料(白色 涂装板) 2张 关系如图1 施加4.9 N ｛0.5kg ｝的荷重 调整80 ±2℃ 恒温所放置.项目 记号 温度 ℃ 时间 hR 70 ±1 22 SB 70 ±1 22 SC 70 ±1 22 记号 项目 C0 C1 C2温存浓度 pphm 50 ±5 温度 ℃ 40 ±1 伸率 % 20 时间 h 72 30 8技 术 标 准ENGINEERING STANDARD规格编号(SPEC NO) MS 260-13 页码(SHT/SHTS) 8/8图 1.(2) 恒温罩内16小时 放置后, 即时抽出被污染材料用水洗涤表面后 调查有无污染.(3) 调查有无污染后, 被污染材料 红外线 CARBON WEATHER-O-METER 另外, SUNSHINE CARBON WEATHER-O-METER 暴露24小时. (4) 暴露后用水洗涤被污染材料的表面后调查 有无污染. (5) 污染判定(a) 依据图面的有无污染判定BLANK 实验 与共通的图面比较进行. (b) 判定基准的详细处依据与HMC 的协定.5. 图面表示方法SPONGE 橡胶的 图面表示按照表1 ∼表3 中的记号如下标记. 但是, 特殊附加事项(Z)情况 如下表 注意必要.例) SPONGE 橡胶 E R C0 P Z1 (EPDM) (MS 260-13)规格编号 使用 橡胶 POLYMER 图面指定情况记载.注意 Z1 : 老化性的 实验温度为 120 ±2℃. 6. 其 他对于此规格的全部事项由现代·起亚 研究开发本部 非金属材料研究组文议.特殊附加要求事项附加要求事项 (表3 参照)橡胶的种类 表示的 记号 (表2 参考)SPONGE 的 种类 表示 记号 (表 1 参考)A a 2.2 ttt。
基于响应面法优化贝莱斯芽孢杆菌C44_发酵参数
山西农业科学 2023，51（9）：1088-1097Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences基于响应面法优化贝莱斯芽孢杆菌C44发酵参数马红珍 1，闫敏 2，李磊 3，杨治平 2，张家星 2，蒙秋霞 2，史向远4（1.山西农业大学 资源环境学院，山西 太原 030031；2.山西农业大学 生态环境产业技术研究院，山西 太原 030031；3.山西农业大学 园艺学院，山西 太谷 030801；4.山西农业大学 山西有机旱作农业研究院，山西 太原 030031）摘要：对贝莱斯芽孢杆菌C44发酵条件进行优化，可提高其菌落数和抗菌活性，为该菌株工业化生产提供理论依据。
以贝莱斯芽孢杆菌C44为供试菌株，对培养基、氮源、碳源、无机盐、pH 、温度、转速、装液量、接种量等因素进行单因素试验，研究其对C44菌落数和抗菌活性的影响；并以此为基础，以菌落数为考察指标，通过Plackett -Burman 试验、最陡爬坡试验和响应面试验等方法对其进行优化，选出菌落数生长最优发酵条件。
单因素试验结果显示，LB 培养基上贝莱斯芽孢杆菌C44的菌落数和抑菌圈直径均最高，且明显高于其他培养基；C44菌落数和抑菌圈直径在以10 g/L 胰蛋白胨为碳源、10 g/L 酵母提取物为氮源、10 g/L 磷酸氢二钠为无机盐、pH 值为7.1~7.4、温度为30 ℃、转速为180 r/min 、装液量为100 mL 、接种量为5%的条件下达到最高。
Plackett -Burman 试验从8个影响因素中筛选出对菌落数生长影响极显著的因素为磷酸氢二钠、温度、转速，采用最陡爬坡设计和Box -Behnken 中心组合设计3因素3水平试验，得到对菌落数生长和繁殖影响最大的是磷酸氢二钠，其次是转速，温度影响最小。
贝莱斯芽孢杆菌C44发酵的最佳条件为：胰蛋白胨10 g/L 、酵母提取物10 g/L 、磷酸氢二钠5.6 g/L 、pH 值7.3、温度28.7 ℃、转速172 r/min 、装液量100 mL 、接种量5%，在此条件下菌落数为1.28×1011 cfu/mL ，较优化前提高了10.1倍，同时还增强了抗病活性。
usp62中文
<62>非无菌产品的微生物学检查：指定微生物检查导言以下描述的这些检测将使确定特定微生物不存在或数量在限度内的测定得以进行，这些微生物可以在描述的条件下进行检测。
这些测试主要设计用于测定某种物质或制备品是否符合已确立的微生物质量标准。
当用于此目的时，遵循以下所给的说明，包括待取样品的数量，并按照以下所述来解释结果。
可以使用替代的微生物规程，包括自动化方法，只要它们与药典方法的同等性得到论证。
通用规程按照在非无菌产品微生物学检查：微生物计数检查法<61>中的描述进行样品制备。
如果供试品具有抗菌活性，则按照非无菌产品微生物学检查：微生物计数检查法<61>中的描述尽可能将其去除或中和。
如果表面活性物质被用于样品制备，则必须按照在非无菌产品微生物学检查：微生物计数检查法<61>中的描述来论证其对微生物不具毒性以及其与所使用的任何灭活剂的兼容性，。
培养基的生长促进和抑菌性能以及测试的适用性在存在供试品的情况下，此项测试检测微生物的能力必须得到确立。
如果在测试性能或产品中作了变更且这些变更可能影响测试的结果，则其适用性必须得到确认。
供试菌株的制备按下面所述，使用标准化的稳定供试菌株悬浮液。
使用菌种保存技术（种子批系统），以便用于接种的可萌发微生物从最初的主种子批开始不超过5代。
好氧微生物将每个供试细菌菌株单独置于装有大豆酪蛋白消化物肉汤培养基或者大豆酪蛋白消化物琼脂培养基中容器内，在温度30o至35 o之间培养18至24小时。
将白色念珠菌的供试菌株单独置于（沙氏）葡萄糖琼脂培养基或者（沙氏）葡萄糖肉汤中，在温度20o至25 o之间培养2至3天。
金黄色葡萄球菌如ATCC 6538, NCIMB 9518, CIP 4.83,或 NBRC 13276绿脓杆菌如ATCC 9027, NCIMB 8626, CIP82.118, 或NBRC 13275Esherichia coli 大肠杆菌如ATCC 8739, NCIMB 8545, CIP53.126, 或NBRC 3972沙门氏肠道菌，肠道血清型为鼠伤寒沙门氏菌，作为替代品如ATCC 14028沙门氏肠道菌，肠道血清型为阿邦尼沙门氏菌如NBRC 100797, NCTC 6017, 或 CIP 80.39白色念珠菌如ATCC 10231, NCPF 3197, IP 48.72,或NBRC 1594使用pH值7.0的缓冲氯化钠—蛋白胨溶液或pH值7.2的磷酸盐缓冲液来制备检测供试悬浮液。
硝苯地平缓释片(II)CTD资料
注册分类第1 页共126 页上海玉瑞生物科技（安阳）药业有限公司硝苯平缓释片（Ⅱ）申报生产资料 模块 --3.2.P.5 制剂质量控制CTD第 2 页 共 126页表 3.2.P.5.3.2-2 鉴别（二）保留时间统计表表 3.2.P.5.3.3.3.1-2 中国药典流动相（甲醇 - 水（ 60：40））实验结果注：峰纯度合格标准：纯度角度＜纯度阈值。
结论：中国药典流动相中酸破坏样品杂质Ⅰ峰、杂质Ⅱ峰纯度不合格，且杂质Ⅰ峰与前杂质峰分离度不合格。
碱破坏样品杂质Ⅰ峰纯度不合格表 3.2.P.5.3.3.3.1-3美国药典流动相（乙腈 - 甲醇 - 水（ 50：25：25））实验结果上海玉瑞生物科技（安阳）药业有限公司硝苯平缓释片（Ⅱ）申报生产资料CTD 模块--3.2.P.5 制剂质量控制注：峰纯度合格标准：纯度角度＜纯度阈值。
结论：美国药典流动相中光照破坏样品杂质Ⅰ峰纯度不合格，酸破坏样品杂质Ⅰ峰纯度不合格，且杂质Ⅰ峰与前杂质峰分离度不合格。
碱破坏样品杂质Ⅱ峰纯度不合格。
; 表3.2.P.5.3.3.3.1-4英国药典流动相（乙腈- 甲醇- 水（9：36：55））实验结果第3 页共126页上海玉瑞生物科技（安阳）药业有限公司硝苯平缓释片（Ⅱ）申报生产资料 模块 --3.2.P.5 制剂质量控制CTD第 4 页 共 126页注：峰纯度合格标准：纯度角度＜纯度阈值。
结论：各破坏样品溶液中，主峰、杂质Ⅰ、Ⅱ与前后峰分离度均符合规定，峰纯度均符合要求，但主峰保留时间达到 时间可能过长。
45分钟, 后续可能杂质洗脱上海玉瑞生物科技（安阳）药业有限公司硝苯平缓释片（Ⅱ）申报生产资料 模块 --3.2.P.5 制剂质量控制第 5 页 共 126 页CTD① 中国药典流动相改进 总流速 :1.0ml/min 流动相：甲醇 - 水（45：55）表 3.2.P.5.3.3.3.2-2中国药典流动相改进（甲醇：水 -45 ：55）注：峰纯度合格标准：纯度角度＜纯度阈值。
CommScope 双极化器 CBC61921X-DS-2X 产品说明书
Page of 14Twin Triplexer 555–894 / PCS / AWS 1 & 3 with DC senseOBSOLETEThis product was discontinued on: March 19, 2019Replaced By:CBC61923T-DS-43E14F10P58Twin Triplexer, 555-894/PCS/AWS+WCS, dc Sense,4.3-10Product ClassificationProduct TypeTriplexerGeneral SpecificationsProduct Family CBC61921X Color Gray Modularity2-TwinMounting Pipe Hardware Band clamps (2)RF Connector Interface7-16 DIN Female RF Connector Interface Body StyleLong neckDimensionsHeight 210 mm | 8.268 in Width 194 mm | 7.638 in Depth139 mm | 5.472 in Ground Screw Diameter 6.35 mm | 0.25 in Mounting Pipe Diameter Range40–160 mmPage of 24Outline DrawingElectrical SpecificationsImpedance50 ohmLicense Band, Band PassAWS 1700 | CEL 850 | EDD 800 | PCS 1900 | USA 600 | USA 700 | USA 750Electrical Specifications, Common PortComposite Power, RMS500 WElectrical Specifications, dc Power/Alarmdc/AISG Pass-through Method Auto sensing dc/AISG Pass-through Path See logic table Lightning Surge Current10 kA8/20 waveformLightning Surge Current Waveform8/20 waveformElectrical SpecificationsSub-module 1 | 2 1 | 2 1 | 2 Branch123 Port Designation555-894AWS PCS AISG 2.0 Device Subunit AISG 2.0License Band CEL 850, Band PassEDD 800, Band PassUSA 700, Band PassUSA 750, Band PassUSA 600, Band Pass AWS 1700, BandPassPCS 1900, Band PassElectrical Specifications, Band PassFrequency Range, MHz555–8941710–17802110–21801850–1990Insertion Loss, typical, dB0.150.250.25Total Group Delay, maximum, ns42020Return Loss, minimum, dB222424Return Loss, typical, dB232525Isolation, minimum, dB555550Isolation, typical, dB606055Input Power, RMS, maximum, W500500500Input Power, PEP, maximum, W5000500050003rd Order PIM, typical, dBc-153-153-1533rd Order PIM Test Method 2 x 20 W CW tones 1 x 20 W AWS CW tone1 x 20 W PCS CW tone2 x 20 W CW tonesBlock DiagramPage of34Environmental SpecificationsOperating Temperature-40 °C to +65 °C (-40 °F to +149 °F)Relative Humidity5%–100%Ingress Protection Test Method IEC 60529:2001, IP67Packaging and WeightsIncluded Mounting hardwareMounting Hardware Weight0.4 kg | 0.882 lbVolume 5.6 LWeight, without mounting hardware7 kg | 15.432 lbRegulatory Compliance/CertificationsAgency ClassificationDesigned, manufactured and/or distributed under this quality management systemISO 9001:201544Page of。
c62.41.2-2002
c62.41.2-2002C62.41.2-2002 is a standard for electrical measurement and control devices. It specifies the requirements for digital interface for programmable instruments to ensure compatibility and interoperability between instruments and systems. The standard covers communication protocols, data formats, and electrical characteristics for digital interfaces. It is important for manufacturers, designers, and users of measurement and control devices to comply with this standard to ensure seamless integration and communication between different devices.From the perspective of manufacturers, complying with the C62.41.2-2002 standard is crucial for ensuring the quality and reliability of their products. By adhering to the standard's requirements for digital interfaces, manufacturers can guarantee that their measurement and control devices will be compatible with a wide range of other instruments and systems. This can increase the marketability of their products and provide a competitiveedge in the industry. Additionally, compliance with the standard can also lead to greater customer satisfaction, as users can be confident that the devices they purchase will seamlessly integrate with their existing equipment.For designers of measurement and control devices, the C62.41.2-2002 standard provides a framework for developing digital interfaces that are consistent and reliable. By following the specifications outlined in the standard, designers can ensure that their devices will be able to communicate effectively with other instruments and systems, regardless of the manufacturer. This can streamline the design process and reduce the likelihood of compatibility issues, ultimately leading to more efficient and cost-effective product development.From the perspective of users of measurement andcontrol devices, compliance with the C62.41.2-2002 standard is essential for ensuring that their equipment will work seamlessly within their existing systems. By utilizing devices that adhere to the standard, users can avoid compatibility issues and integration challenges that canarise when using non-compliant equipment. This canultimately lead to increased productivity, reduced downtime, and cost savings for users in various industries.In addition to the technical benefits, compliance with the C62.41.2-2002 standard also has broader implicationsfor the industry as a whole. By establishing a common setof requirements for digital interfaces, the standard promotes interoperability and compatibility betweendifferent manufacturers and systems. This can lead togreater innovation and collaboration within the industry,as manufacturers and designers are able to focus on developing new technologies and solutions, rather than addressing compatibility issues.Overall, the C62.41.2-2002 standard plays a criticalrole in the development and use of measurement and control devices. It provides a framework for ensuring compatibility and interoperability between different instruments and systems, benefiting manufacturers, designers, and users alike. Compliance with the standard not only ensures technical reliability and efficiency, but also promotesinnovation and collaboration within the industry. As technology continues to advance, the importance of standards like C62.41.2-2002 will only continue to grow, shaping the future of measurement and control devices.。
usepa 8260c 标准
主题：usepa 8260c 标准及其在环境监测中的应用1. 介绍usepa 8260c标准usepa 8260c标准是美国环境保护局（United States Environmental Protection Agency）制定的一个环境监测方法。
该标准用于测定土壤、废水、空气等样品中有机污染物的含量，是环境监测中常用的一个标准方法。
8260c标准主要适用于挥发性有机化合物（volatile organicpounds，VOCs）的检测，包括苯、甲苯、乙苯、氯仿、氯化甲烷等。
该标准方法的制定经过长期的研究和实践，具有较高的准确性和可靠性，被广泛应用于环境监测、环境保护和环境治理领域。
2. usepa 8260c标准的原理和操作流程usepa 8260c标准是通过气相色谱-质谱联用（Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometry，GC-MS）进行样品的分析和检测。
该标准方法通过将样品中的有机污染物挥发出来，并用GC分离和MS检测，确定样品中各种有机污染物的种类和含量。
操作流程包括样品的提取、富集和制备，仪器的参数设置和样品的分析检测。
通过严格按照标准方法的要求进行操作，可以得到准确和可靠的检测结果。
3. usepa 8260c标准在环境监测中的应用usepa 8260c标准在环境监测中具有重要的应用价值。
该标准方法可以对土壤、废水、空气等环境样品中的有机污染物进行精准和全面的检测，为环境质量的评估提供了重要的数据支持。
该标准方法可以用于环境污染源的监测和溯源，对于环境保护和治理具有重要的指导意义。
该标准方法还可以用于对环境风险和健康风险的评估，为环境监测和管理决策提供科学依据。
4. usepa 8260c标准的发展和未来随着环境监测技术和方法的不断发展，usepa 8260c标准也在不断更新和完善。
未来，该标准方法将进一步提高检测的灵敏度和准确性，拓展适用的环境样品范围，应用于更多的环境污染物的检测和监测。
BNS 260 产品说明书
DataOrdering dataProduct type descriptionBNS 260-11Z-L Article number (order number)101184387EAN (European Article Number)4030661321875eCl@ss number, Version 9.027-27-24-02CertificationsCertificates DGUVTÜVcULus EACGeneral dataProduct nameBNS 260StandardsIEC 60947-5-3 BG-GS-ET-14 Installation conditions(mechanical)quasi-flush Enclosure materialGlass-fibre, reinforced thermoplastic Gross weight 55 g General data - FeaturesCodingYes Number of openers 1BNS260-11Z-LLong lifeSmall bodyPre-wired cableno mechanical wear26 mm x 36 mm x 13 mmInsensitive to soilingThermoplastic enclosure Concealed mounting possible Insensitive to transverse misalignmentNumber of shutters1Number of safety contacts2Number of cable wires4Safety appraisalStandards ISO 13849-1Mission Time20 Year(s)Safety appraisal - Safety outputsB10d- Value Normally-closed25,000,000 Operationscontact/Normally open contact(NC/NO)Mechanical dataActuating element MagnetDoor hinge LeftEnsured switch distance "ON" S5 mmaoEnsured switch distance "OFF" S15 mmarAxial misalignment, a horizontal and vertical misalignment of the safetysensor and the actuator are tolerated. The possible misalignment dependson the distance of the active surfaces of the sensor and the actuator. Thesensor remains active within the tolerance range.Direction of motion Head-on to the active surfaceMechanical data - Connection techniqueTerminal Connector CableLength of cable 1 mWire cross-section0.25 mm2Material of the Cable mantle PVCMechanical data - DimensionsHeight of sensor36 mmLength of sensor13 mmWidth of sensor26 mmAmbient conditionsProtection class IP67Ambient temperature, minimum-25 °CAmbient temperature, maximum+70 °CStorage and transport-25 °Ctemperature, minimumStorage and transporttemperature, maximum+70 °CResistance to vibrations to EN60068-2-610 … 55 Hz, amplitude 1 mm Restistance to shock30 g / 11 msElectrical dataVoltage type DC (direct current)Switching voltage, maximum75 VDCSwitching current, maximum0.4 ASwitching capacity, maximum10 VASwitching frequency, maximum 5 HzScope of deliveryIncluded in delivery Actuators must be ordered separately. AccessoryRecommendation (actuator)BPS 260SRB-E-301STSRB-E-201LCNotesNote (General)Contact symbols shown for the closed condition of the guard device. The contact configuration for versions with or without LED is identical.Circuit exampleNote (Wiring diagram)Contact S21-S22; S13-S14 must be integrated in the safety circuit. Ordering codeProduct type description:BNS 260-(1)(2)Z(3)-(4)-(5)(1)11 1 NO contacts/1 NC contact02 2 NC contact(2)without with diagnostic output/01 1 NC contact(3)without without LED switching conditions displayG with LED switching conditions display(4)without Pre-wired cableST with connector(5)L Door hinge on left-hand sideR Door hinge on right-hand sidePicturesProduct picture (catalogue individual photo)ID: kbns2f07| 23,0 kB | .png | 74.083 x 49.389 mm - 210 x 140Pixel - 72 dpi| 291,7 kB | .jpg | 352.778 x 234.95 mm - 1000 x 666Pixel - 72 dpi| 37,2 kB | .jpg | 27.093 x 18.034 mm - 320 x 213 Pixel- 300 dpiDimensional drawing basic componentID: 1bns2g08| 36,4 kB | .cdr || 21,0 kB | .jpg | 112.889 x 79.022 mm - 320 x 224Pixel - 72 dpi| 6,8 kB | .png | 74.083 x 51.858 mm - 210 x 147 Pixel- 72 dpi| 76,0 kB | .jpg | 352.778 x 247.297 mm - 1000 x 701Pixel - 72 dpiDiagramID: kbns2k27| 60,3 kB | .jpg | 352.778 x 70.203 mm - 1000 x 199Pixel - 72 dpiCharacteristic curveID: kbns2d03| 36,8 kB | .cdr || 40,4 kB | .jpg | 112.889 x 74.789 mm - 320 x 212Pixel - 72 dpi| 18,5 kB | .png | 74.083 x 49.036 mm - 210 x 139Pixel - 72 dpiCharacteristic curveID: kbns2d02| 19,2 kB | .png | 74.083 x 49.389 mm - 210 x 140Pixel - 72 dpi| 40,8 kB | .jpg | 112.889 x 75.142 mm - 320 x 213Pixel - 72 dpi| 36,3 kB | .cdr |ClipartID: kbns2c02| 1,8 kB | .png | 74.083 x 52.211 mm - 210 x 148 Pixel- 72 dpi| 19,6 kB | .cdr |K.A. Schmersal GmbH & Co. KG, Möddinghofe 3, D-42279 WuppertalThe details and data referred to have been carefully checked. Images may diverge from original. Further technical data can be found in the manual. Technical amendments and errors possible.Generated on 08.07.2020 19:18:06。
pIRES2-EGFP
United States/Canada 800.662.2566Asia Pacific+1.650.919.7300Europe+33.(0)1.3904.6880Japan+81.(0)77.543.6116Clontech Laboratories, Inc.A T akara Bio Company 1290 T erra Bella Ave.Mountain View, CA 94043Technical Support (US)E-mail: tech@ V e c t o r I n f o r m a t i o npIRES2-EGFP Vector Information PT3267-5Catalog #6029-1(PR29951; published 03 October 2002)Restriction Map and Multiple Cloning Site (MCS) of pIRES2-EGFP Vector. Unique restriction sites are in bold. Note that the Eco 47 III site has not been confirmed in the final construct.Description:pIRES2-EGFP contains the internal ribosome entry site (IRES; 1, 2) of the encephalomyocarditis virus (ECMV) between the MCS and the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) coding region.This permits both the gene of interest (cloned into the MCS) and the EGFP gene to be translated from a single bicistronic mRNA. pIRES2-EGFP is designed for the efficient selection (by flow cytometry or other methods) of transiently transfected mammalian cells expressing EGFP and the protein of interest. This vector can also be used to express EGFP alone or to obtain stably transfected cell lines without time-consuming drug and clonal selection.EGFP is a red-shifted variant of wild-type GFP (3–5) which has been optimized for brighter fluorescence and higher expression in mammalian cells. (Excitation maximum = 488 nm; emission maximum = 507 nm.) EGFP encodes the GFPmut1 variant (6) which contains the double-amino-acid substitution of Phe-64 to Leu and Ser-65 to Thr. The coding sequence of the EGFP gene contains more than 190 silent base changes which correspond to human codon-usage preferences (7).Sequences flanking EGFP have been converted to a Kozak consensus translation initiation site (8)to further increase the translation efficiency in eukaryotic cells. The MCS in pIRES2-EGFP is between the immediate early promoter of cytomegalovirus (P CMV IE ) and the IRES sequence.SV40polyadenylation signals downstream of the EGFP gene direct proper processing of the 3' end of the bicistronic mRNA. The vector backbone also contains an SV40 origin for replication in mammalian cells expressing the SV40 T antigen. A neomycin-resistance cassette (Neo r ), consisting of the SV40early promoter, the neomycin/kanamycin resistance gene of Tn5, and polyadenylation signals from the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV TK) gene, allows stably transfected eukaryotic cells to be selected using G418. A bacterial promoter upstream of this cassette expresses kanamycin resistance in E. coli . The pIRES2-EGFP backbone also provides a pUC origin of replication for propagation in E. coli and an f1 origin for single-stranded DNA production.pIRES2-EGFP replaces (but is not derived from) the pIRES-EGFP Vector previously sold by BD Biosciences Clontech. pIRES2-EGFP is functionally similarly to pIRES-EGFP; however, pIRES2-EGFP gives brighter EGFP fluorescence than the older vector. Note that the Xba I site at positionGCTAGCGCTACCGGACTCAGATCTCGAGCTCAAGCTTCGAATTCTGCAGTCGACGGTACCGCGGGCCCGGGATCC 591•611•601•621•631•641•661•651•Hin d III Xho I Apa I Bsp 120 I Kpn I Asp 718 I Bam H I ISma III Sal I Acc I Sac I Ecl136 II Eco R I Pst I Eco 47 IIIBgl II Nhe I...IRES1987 is methylated in the DNA provided by BD Biosciences Clontech. If you wish to digest the vector with this enzyme,you will need to transform the vector into a dam – host and make fresh DNA.Use:Genes inserted into the MCS should include the initiating ATG codon. pIRES2-EGFP and its derivatives can be introduced into mammalian cells using any standard transfection method. If required, stable transformants can be selected using G418 (9).Location of features:•Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) immediate early promoter: 1–589Enhancer region: 59–465; TATA box: 554–560; Transcription start point: 583C →G mutation to remove Sac I site: 569•MCS: 591–665•IRES sequence: 666–1250•Enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) geneKozak consensus translation initiation site: 1247–1257Start codon (ATG): 1254–1256; Stop codon: 1971–1973Insertion of Val at position 2: 1257–1259GFPmut1 chromophore mutations (Phe-64 to Leu; Ser-65 to Thr): 1446–1451His-231 to Leu mutation (A →T): 1948•SV40 early mRNA polyadenylation signalPolyadenylation signals: 2127–2132 & 2156–2161; mRNA 3' ends: 2165 & 2177•f1 single-strand DNA origin: 2224–2679 (Packages the noncoding strand of EGFP.)•Bacterial promoter for expression of Kan r gene:–35 region: 2741–2746; –10 region: 2764–2769Transcription start point: 2776•SV40 origin of replication: 3020–3155•SV40 early promoter/enhancer72-bp tandem repeats: 2853–2996; 21-bp repeats (3): 3000–3063Early promoter element: 3076–3082•Kanamycin/neomycin resistance gene: 3204–3998G →A mutation to remove Pst I site: 3386; C →A (Arg to Ser) mutation to remove Bss H II site: 3732•Herpes simplex virus (HSV) thymidine kinase (TK) polyadenylation signals: 4234–4252•pUC plasmid replication origin: 4583–5226Propagation in E. coli•Suitable host strains: DH5α, HB101, and other general purpose strains. Single-stranded DNA production requires a host containing an F plasmid such as JM101 or XL1-Blue.•Selectable marker: plasmid confers resistance to kanamycin (30 µg/ml) to E. coli hosts.• E. coli replication origin: pUC •Copy number: ~500•Plasmid incompatibility group: pMB1/ColE1References:1.Jackson, R. J., et al . (1990) Trends Biochem. Sci. 15:477–483.2.Jang, S. K., et al . (1990) J. Virol. 62:2636–2643.3.Cormack, B., et al. (1996) Gene 173:33–38.4.Yang, T. T., et al . (1996) Nucleic Acids Res . 24:4592–4593.5.Haas, J., et al. (1996) Curr. Biol. 6:315–324.6.Jackson, R. J., et al. (1990) Trends Biochem. 15:477–483.7.Jang, S. K., et al. (1988) J. Virol. 62:2636–2643.8.Huang, M. T. F. & Gorman, C. M. (1990) Nucleic Acids Res. 18(4):937–947.9.Gorman, C. (1985). In DNA cloning: A practical approach, vol. II. Ed. D.M. Glover. (IRL Press, Oxford, U.K.) pp. 143–190.BD Biosciences Clontech Protocol # PT3267-52Version # PR29951Note: The attached sequence file has been compiled from information in the sequence databases, published literature, and other sources, together with partial sequences obtained by BD Biosciences Clontech. This vector has not been completely sequenced.Notice to PurchaserUse of BD Biosciences Clontech’s Living Colors™ products containing DNA sequences coding for mutant Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein (GFP) variants or proteins thereof requires a license from Amersham Biosciences under U.S. Patent Nos. 5,625,048; 5,777,079; 6,054,321 and other pending U.S. and foreign patent applications. In addition, certain BD Biosciences Clontech products are made under U.S. Patent No. 5,804,387 licensed from Stanford University.Not-For-Profit research institutes or entities are granted an automatic license with the purchase of this product for use in non-commercial internal research purposes, the terms of which are disclosed in detail in the license that accompanies the shipment of this product. Such license specifi-cally excludes the right to sell or otherwise transfer this product or its components to third parties.For-Profit research institutes or entities must obtain a license from Amersham Biosciences. E-mail: gfp@Please contact BD Biosciences Clontech directly for any other assistance, including purchasing and technical support. All companies and institutions purchasing Living Colors™ products will be included in a quarterly report to Aurora Biosciences, as required by the BD Biosciences Clontech/Aurora Biosciences license agreement.Use of the IRES sequence is covered by U.S. Patent #4,937,190 and is limited to use solely for research purposes. Any other use of the IRES sequence requires a license from Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation.This product is intended to be used for research purposes only. It is not to be used for drug or diagnostic purposes nor is it intended for human use. BD Biosciences Clontech products may not be resold, modified for resale, or used to manufacture commercial products without written approval of BD Biosciences Clontech.© 2002, Becton, Dickinson and CompanyProtocol # BD Biosciences Clontech Version # PR299513。
SEMIF20-0706E
SEMI SPECIFICATIONSEMI F20-0706E 规格应用于半导体制造业GP系统,HP系统及UHP 系统元件的SS316L棒料,锻件,挤压件,板材及管道的化学组成及加工规范目录目录 (1)1目的 (2)2应用范围 (2)3参考标准及文件 (2)3.1ASTM标准 (2)4相关术语 (2)4.1定义 (2)5定购信息 (3)6要求 (3)6.1一般要求 (3)6.2制造要求 (3)6.3化学组成要求 (3)6.4冶金学要求 (4)7认证信息 (4)8产品标识 (5)附录1硫对316L不锈钢钨极气体保护电弧(GTA)焊接的影响 (6)A1-1硫对材料加工的影响 (6)A1-2硫对焊接的影响 (6)附录2 铜对316L不锈钢钨极气体保护电弧(GTA)焊接的影响 (8)A2-1不锈钢中的铜元素 (8)A2-2铜对焊接的影响 (8)附录3晶粒度对UHP级组件性能的影响 (10)A3-1相关背景 (10)A3-2影响晶粒度的因素 (10)A3-3晶粒度对组件加工的影响 (10)A3-4晶粒度对组件安装的影响 (11)A3-5总结 (11)1目的规范冶金工业加工并规定用于半导体组件制造的316L不锈钢的化学组成,以得到满足通用,高纯度应用,超高纯度应用的化学分配系统.2应用范围2.1 在该规格中规定了316L不锈钢棒料,锻件的加工要求, ASTM A276规定了挤压材料的加工要求.ASTM A240中规定了板材的加工要求,ASTM A 269和ASTM A632中规定了管件的加工要求,这些加工材料均用于半导体组件制造, 满足通用,高纯度,超高纯度的不同应用.注: 该标准中的规定并不包含安全事项,若有需求,可根据实际应用来规定.该标准的用户有责任制定相关的安全操作规范控制实际操作.3参考标准及文件3.1 ASTM标准A182/A 182M---有关为满足高温应用需求,对锻造或轧制后的合金钢管,锻件,阀门和零件的加工规定.A 240/A 240M---有关压力型管道制造中, 对耐热铬和铬-镍合金不锈钢板材,棒料,带材的加工规定.A262---有关奥氏体不锈钢中晶间碰撞的灵敏度测试的规定.A269---有关为满足通用,对奥氏体不锈钢管材无裂缝焊接的标准.A276---有关耐热不锈钢棒料和管材的加工规定A479/A 479M---有关用于锅炉和其它压力管道制造的耐热不锈钢棒料和管材的加工规定.A480/A 480M---有关为满足通用, 对平轧后的耐热不锈钢板材,带材的加工规定.A484/A 484M---有关为满足通用, 对耐热不锈钢锻件产品的加工规定.A632---有关为满足通用,对奥氏体不锈钢管材(小尺寸)无裂缝焊接的加工规定.A751---有关钢产品化学分析的测试方法,实际操作和相关术语.E45----有关确定钢材化合物组成的建议及操作.E112---有关确定平均晶粒度的测试方法.注: 除非有其他规定, 该规格中引用的所有文件都是最新版本.4相关术语4.1定义4.1.1 内含物---金属内原有的或者外来的物质, 一般认为非金属化合物如氧化物,硫化物或硅酸盐. 4.1.2 等级4.1.2.1 通用级-(GP)—组件用于半导体制造业中无需严谨的清洗要求的化学分配系统,.如干燥剂和真空清洗线.4.1.2.2 高纯度级(HP)—组件用于半导体制造业中需高性能的化学分配系统.4.1.2.3 超高纯度级(UHP)--组件用于半导体制造业中高级的化学分配系统,要求在关键的加工中化合物具有最优的耐腐蚀性.5定购信息5.1 该规格中要求的棒材,锻件,挤压材料,板料或管状的产品,其定购信息应该包括:5.1.1 级别—GP, HP, UHP5.1.2 相关量词---重量(Kg, Lb),尺寸(m, inch, feet)等.5.1.3 横截面说明---圆,方,六角等或详细的图纸说明.5.1.4 尺寸(形式尺寸,无需在图纸中定义)5.1.5壁厚(针对管道)5.1.6长度(规定或随机)5.1.7参考该规格编号和其他信息.5.1.8 任何特别的或需提供的要求.i.e.熔融加工和精炼加工.6要求6.1一般要求6.1.1该规格中要求的棒材,锻件,挤压材料,板料或管状的配料要与材料ASTM A 182/A182M, ASTMA 276, ASTM A 479/A479M, 或ASTM A 484/A 484M 和该规格中的其他要求一致.6.1.2 该规格中提供的板料要与文件ASTM A 240 或A 480/A 480M和该规定中的其他要求一致. 6.1.3 该规格中提供的管材要与文件ASTM A 269 或A632和该规定中的其他要求一致.6.1.4 针对该规格中的要求与参考文件中的要求存在冲突的地方,以该规格中的要求为准.6.2制造要求6.2.1 用于生产的不锈钢坯料,其加工过程如熔融,铸造和精炼等要满足该规格中化学组成要求,并按冶金工业加工要求去操作.6.2.2 为达到晶粒度要求(参考6.4.1)其退火温度应为Min.982℃6.3化学组成要求6.3.1在文件ASTM A 182/A 182M, ASTM A 240, ASTM A269, ASTM A 276,ASTM A 479/A 479M, 或ASTM A 632的表格1中规定加工材料为316L不锈钢,.(除非这里有其他规定).6.3.2 GP级材料在文件ASTM A269和ASTM A632中有相关的化学组成规定,并且对硫(S)含量限制为max.0.012%6.3.3对其他HP和UHP级材料,其化学成分规定可参考如下表1表1 其他材料的化学组成注:#1表示可通过供应商和客户协商确定一个较高的铜含量.6.3.4 材料中硫含量对其焊接有重要的影响,参考附录1中分析.6.3.5 材料中铜含量对焊接的影响可参考附录2.6.3.6 在ASTM文件和该规格中对材料化学组成从最小值到最大值的规定没有得到采购商的同意不能有误差.6.4冶金学要求6.4.1 ASTM E112中规定,对于热加工或冷加工的产品及形式尺寸要求3inches或更小的管材,其晶粒度为5或更好,而对于大于3inches的材料,其晶粒度为3或更好.供应商和客户可通过协商来变更这些要求.对于平板和方料的晶粒度必须通过供应商和客户的协商得到确认.6.4.2 根据ASTM E45 Method A,材料的夹杂物成分由该批材料具有代表性的样品来决定,其额定值参考Plate III.在钢坯料阶段,最大允许的JK夹杂物额定值如下表2所示.表2 不同材料物JK夹杂物额定值6.4.3 材料要通过ASTM A 262 Practice E中规定的晶间腐蚀能力测试.7认证信息7.1 在出货时要提供一份经过确认的材料测试报告复本.该材料测试报告要包括以下几点:7.1.1 根据ASTM A751制作材料化学组成分析,包括该规格中要求的所有元素.7.1.2晶粒度7.1.3 夹杂物中JK值.7.1.4 机械性能.8产品标识8.1标识包含信息:8.1.1 制造商名称,8.1.2 采购商名称和定单号;8.1.3 ASTM 规格文件编号.8.1.4 该规格文件编号.8.1.5 热指数等8.1.6 材料类型(如,316L)附录1硫对316L不锈钢钨极气体保护电弧(GTA)焊接的影响注:该附录中所引用的材料是SEMI F20的专用零件,已完全通过确认.A1-1硫对材料加工的影响A1-1.1 AISI 型316L奥氏体不锈钢是用于半导体设备制造业中气体供应系统组件制造的优质材料.在文件ASTM A 182/A 182M, ASTM A 240, ASTM A269, ASTM A 276,ASTM A 479/A 479M, 或ASTM A 632中表1规定316L的组成成分硫含量Max.0.030%;然而当硫含量大于0.03%时,对316L不锈钢加工及应用有影响的一些性能会发生很大的变化.因此在SEMI F20 中6.3.2及6.3.3的表I 规定了一个较低的硫含量最大值.A1-1.2 硫在奥氏体不锈钢中不易溶解.因此在这些合金中以硫化锰的状态存在,硫化锰跟铬及涉及到的其他元素一样具有可溶性. 这些夹杂物会导致电解抛光后表面产生麻点和其他不良外观,这些不良外观会随着硫含量的增加而增加.A1-1.3 硫化锰能提高不锈钢的加工能力;用于加工的材料其化学组成中硫含量要在Max0.03%左右,硫含量很低的材料在加工过程中要求较少的进给量及速度,这样会缩短刀具的寿命.A1-1.4 硫对焊接也有重要的影响;在约一到两个相似的焊接参数控制下,对硫取从低到允许的最大值的不同值都会增加焊缝深度.A1-1.5在表A1-1中总结了硫对材料加工的影响.A 1-2硫对焊接的影响A1-2.1对不同硫含量的材料进行焊接得到以下结果:A1-2.1.1随硫含量减少,要达到满焊道需输入的热量会增加.A1-2.1.2硫含量减少到低于0.005%,焊接熔池的活动会发生变化,使熔池变得更宽,更浅.表A1-1硫含量对不锈钢加工的影响A1-2.1.3 上表中后面的影响主要是由于对硫含量约0.005%的材料焊接时,在焊接熔池中产生反向的对流电流引起.当硫含量>0.005%时,对流电流沿弧线向下流动,产生如图A1-1所示很深的熔池,而当硫含量<0.005%时,对流电流沿弧线向外流动,产生如图A1-2所示更宽更浅的熔池.A1-2.1.4 当需焊接的两块不锈钢材料的硫含量明显不同时,就会发生严重的问题,造成焊接熔池不对称,偏向低硫含量那端,并且焊缝根部会偏离接合处,如图A1-3所示.A1-2.1.5 为使硫含量对焊接产生的影响最小化,要将需焊接的组件中硫含量控制在+/-0.007%.对于硫含量差异更大的焊接件,要求更为细致的焊接设置以确保焊接深度到达接合处底部.A1-1.1.6针对这些影响,有以下建议以确保焊接时得到最佳的焊接质量.A1-2.1.6.1 审核被焊接件的化学组成.确保硫含量在+/-0.007%之内.A1-2.1.6.2 针对低硫含量(约<0.003%)的焊接件,可能要求对焊接进行适当的设置.另外建议对壁厚>0.100inch的产品要限制其硫含量>0.003%.A1-2.1.6.3 对将焊接的材料进行焊接设置,无论何时改变材料批次都得重审焊接设置.附录2 铜对316L不锈钢钨极气体保护电弧(GTA)焊接的影响注:该附录中所引用的材料是SEMI F20的专用零件,已完全通过确认.A2-1不锈钢中的铜元素A2-1.1铜作为一种残留物或规定范围外的元素存在AISI 316L中,并不是一种意料之外的新增元素,而是属于加工时炉内加料的组成部分,为了达到所期望的材料化学组成,这些炉内加料是主要的最终报废料.在AMS 25248E文件中规定像铜这样的规定范围之外的化学元素最多可含0.50%.铜含量只能通过熔融时减少.如果加工时间过长,更多的报废成分会被循环利用,而残留在AIAI 316L中的铜含量也会增加.A2-1.1 铜是一种奥氏体稳定剂,也能提高奥氏体不锈钢对氯化物溶解液的耐腐蚀性.A2-2铜对焊接的影响A2-2.1 在焊接方面,铜是一种表面活性元素,就如S,O和Se一样,它会影响焊缝弯曲量.像锰元素,在焊接过程中会挥发,再沉积沿着焊缝往下流,它的存在会降低材料的耐腐蚀性,是造成被腐蚀的因素.一些终端用户会因铜作为焊接污物或材料被腐蚀的潜在来源而限制其含量.A2-2.2在晶片形成过程,铜含量的增加和焊缝弯曲量之间存在着相关性,对5个0.25 in.的管道进行评估, 铜在其中一个含0.47%铜,0.011%硫的材料HAZ中起主要作用,对该材料焊接时出现焊缝弯曲现象.对另一个含相同硫量, 而铜只含0.03%的材料焊接时并不会出现焊缝弯曲,对含铜0.31%,硫0.010%的材料焊接后会出现氧化层.所有的焊接都是在氩气中进行.A2-2.3 对28个从0.25到2.0in不同尺寸,铜含量0.05%到0.41%的管道进行研究测试,其中10个铜含量>0.25%,9个尺寸为 2.0 in.,铜含量都>0.22%,4个铜含量>0.25%,焊接后出现外观不良的材料中:0.26%Cu,0.005%S; 0.28%Cu,0.009%S;和0.41%Cu,0.005%S.相反,外观可接受的材料中:0.3%Cu, 0.011%S.所有的焊接都是在氩气中进行.A2-2.4 两个关于AISI 316L管道,2.5in.尺寸,铜含量>0.3%的例子说明了增加氢气与氩气一起作屏蔽气体明显会影响焊接能力(见图A2-1).而当铜含量<0.3%时,并不会出现相同的效果.另外,当焊接含铜>0.3%用Ar/H2 作屏蔽气体的管件时,焊接电极会降级.(见图A2-2)A2-2.5基于以上信息,得出以下结论:A2-2.5.1 针对铜对焊料可焊接能力的影响,目前在SEMI F20中对铜含量限制在0.30%.A2-2.5.2铜和硫含量对焊接的影响出现反差,当硫含量<0.010%时,铜对焊接的影响更明显.A2-2.5.3 直径2.0in.的商业实用型管道都要求残留铜的含量>0.2%.A2-2.5.4 Cohen数据显示对含0.31%铜,0.010%硫的材料在氩气中焊接之后会发生氧化反应;Collins数据则显示了一个可行的焊接操作条件,即氩气中,含0.30%铜,0.011%硫的材料.A2-2.5.5研究发现,当铜含量为0.41%和0.47%时,焊接后出现外观不良,焊缝弯曲,在HAZ中有铜沉积. A2-2.5.6 铜含量>0.30%时在氩气中焊接会得到很好的效果,但可能会呈现出焊缝弯曲,电极在Ar/H2会发生碰撞以下两个图(图略)的注释:图A: 2.5in.的管道,铜含量0.37%.当H2作屏蔽气体时,会出现很明显的焊缝弯曲.图BA: 2.5in.的管道,铜含量0.34%..当H2作屏蔽气体时,会出现很明显的焊缝弯曲,而且越来越明显. A2-2.5.7 以下是焊接2.5in.的管道,铜含量0.34%,屏蔽气体Ar/H2之后焊接电极的电子显微照片(图略)附录3晶粒度对UHP级组件性能的影响注:该附录中所引用的材料是SEMI F20的专用零件,已完全通过确认.A3-1相关背景A3-1.1 在半导体制造业中,用于316不锈钢组件生产的原材料其晶粒度会影响组件的生产,如电解抛光,因此晶粒度对于用户来说是一个重要的因素,最初,在SEMI F20中列出特殊的晶粒度要求,该标准覆盖了一系列的原材料尺寸,型号,成品的应用范围及满足加工要求的其他特殊应用,最新版本的SEMI F20中保留了原有的特殊的晶粒度要求并将其作为供应商和用户之间协商的条目.该附录的目的旨在提供一份有关晶粒度对原材料性能和生产加工影响的相关资料.A3-2影响晶粒度的因素A3-2.1 晶粒形成A3-2.1.1 一个晶粒被指定为原子微观检晶区.最初晶粒度是在铸造阶段,熔融金属固化时形成.通常经过快速冷却表面使铸件固化后,其表面能比其内部形成更好的晶体结构,固化后,不经过热轧或锻造等变形工艺,晶粒会随着时间的延长,温度的增加而增长.A3-2.2钢加工参数对晶粒度增长和精炼的影响A3-2.2.1 半导体组件生产过程中,主要的大铸件必须加工到所需求的较小尺寸及形状,可以通过对铸件再加热,进行滚轧,锻造及挤压等热加工来得到所需尺寸, 这个变形加工过程中的变形程度,加工温度下的加工时间都会精炼影响晶粒结构,促使晶粒增长.假如该变形工艺是在低温逐步升高的环境下进行的,其材料中的晶粒会保留部分变形.残留的张力会导致加热过程中产生晶粒重排序,即复原,再结晶到晶粒增长.另外残留的张力,初始温度,变形过程中的温度变化,变形均匀度都会影响热加工后产品最终晶粒大小及均匀度,而内杂物,材料二相性,铸造过程中发生分离等多方面因素都可能影响最终晶粒结构.A3-2.2.2 经过热加工的零件常需要其他的辅助加工,包括退火软化,冷加工成形改变尺寸,形状和机械性能.退火温度,冷加工变形程度及均匀度,加工顺序都会影响成品的晶粒大小及均匀性.A3-2.3.3.晶粒度对组件性能的影响A3-2.3.1退火温度对冷加工后不锈钢晶粒结构的影响如下图表所示,晶粒结构在室温下对组件性能的影响如该图表的上半部分所示.随退火温度增加,产品会经历从复原到再结晶到晶粒增长的发展过程,复原即不改变晶粒度,去除冷加工中存在不良结构的晶粒,再结晶即核晶化,新的晶粒形成过程. 一些组件要求更高的机械强度及冷作业条件,所以用于半导体组件制造的不锈钢材料都须经过再结晶得到优质晶粒度,如下图表所示.(此处图表略)A3-3晶粒度对组件加工的影响A3-3.1 晶粒度对机械抛光的影响A3-3.1.1 较粗的晶粒比较细的晶粒要更长的机械抛光时间.随着表面越光滑,其效果越明显.在ASTM E-112文件中表明,通常这种效果不是很显著,除非晶粒度>4的不锈钢要求表面光洁度达到Ra3或更好.A3-3.2 晶粒度对EP的影响A3-3.2.1与较好晶粒度的不锈钢相比,含较粗晶粒度的不锈钢很难通过EP来达到满意的外观要求及Ra 5.A3-3.3晶粒度对化学钝化的影响A3-3.3.1良好的晶粒微观结构包含更多的晶界,晶界是化学物质较活跃和扩散率较高的区域,晶界影响不锈钢表面钝化层中主要成分氧化铬的形成,经调查显示钝化层的厚度与耐腐蚀性之间存在很小的关联,而经验表明对组件性能也没明显的影响.A3-4晶粒度对组件安装的影响A3-4.1晶粒度对组件弯曲后性能的影响A3-4.1.1 弯曲变形会引起表面更粗糙,称之为”桔皮”,较粗的晶体会产生更明显的桔皮现象,导致钝化层中氧化铬更易分解.因此经过最终的化学钝化后,弯曲变形会使表面沉积更多的颗粒或导致耐腐蚀性能力下降,调查表明钝化后对管道弯曲变形会有颗粒产生,防潮性能力下降,其防腐蚀性能力就相当于该管道被焊接截面所具有的防腐蚀性,尽管如此, 目前还没有公开的研究及信息表明管道弯曲与腐蚀速度,湿化时间,及颗粒沉积之间存在关联.A3-4.2晶粒度对焊接能力的影响A3-4.2.1 具有良好晶粒结构的不锈钢很少受到受热影响区(HAZ)裂缝的影响,HAZ裂缝是一种在焊接时由于不同的冷却速度引起的机械压力造成的开裂现象.所以用于半导体气体系统装置的含晶粒度5-10(参考文件ASTM E112)的不锈钢的自动焊接过程中不会存在这种现象,但是当将截面大小明显不同的零件焊接在一起时,由于一个零件的固化及与另一个零件的快速融合会导致这种情况的发生.假如发生开裂现象,很可能是因为晶粒度过粗造成的.A3-5总结A3-5.1 相比材料成本,实用性,组成,及生产和安装工艺过程中的其他控制因素而言,晶粒度对加工工艺和产品应用的影响不是很明显.注: SEMI对该标准对特殊应用的适用性并没做出承诺与保证.决定其适应性是用户的职责,用户需注意制造商的说明,产品标识,产品数据报表,及其他相关的材料和设备的文字说明.这些标准没有备注可通过协商得到更改.。
Endevco 2222C 微型铂矿加速度传感器说明书
The Endevco ® model 2222C is the world’s most popular miniature piezoelectric accelerometer for vibration measurement on mini-structures and small objects.Its light weight (0.5 gm without the low-noise replaceable cable) effectively minimizes mass loading. Theaccelerometer is a self-generating device that requires no external power source for operation.The model 2222C features Endevco’s Piezite ® type P-8 crystal element operating in the radial shear mode. This sensor exhibits excellent output sensitivity stability over time. Signal ground is isolated from the mounting surface of the unit by a hard anodized surface. A specially designed low noise coaxial cable is supplied for error-free operation. Unit and cable removal tools are included in the package to ensure proper removal in the field.Endevco signal conditioner models 133, 2775B, 2771, 6634C or Oasis 2000 (4990A-X with cards 428 and/or 433) computer- controlled system are recommended for use with this high impedance accelerometer.•NEW! 2222C-R available as replacement sensor•Industry standard •Light weight (0.5 gm)•Adhesive mounting •Ground isolated•Small structure vibration measurement-20-15-10-505101520FREQUENCY IN HERTZ-30-10103050TEMPERATURE o F (o C)(-73)(10)(93)(177)STANDARD TOLERANCE INCHES (MILLIMETERS).XX = +/- .02 (.X = +/- .5).XXX = +/- .010 (.XX = +/- .25)FeaturesDescriptionModel 2222CPiezoelectric accelerometerSpecificationsThe following performance specifications conform to ISA-RP-37.2 (1964) and are typical values, referenced at +75˚F (+24˚C), 4 mA and 100 Hz, unless otherwise noted. Calibration data, traceable to National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), is suppliedUnitspC/g 1.4pC/g 1.0See typical amplitude response kHz 32kHz 25Hz 1 to 8000Hz 1 to 10 000Dynamic characteristicsCharge sensitivity Typical MinimumFrequency responseResonance frequency (typical) MinimumAmplitude response [1]±10% ±1 dB (ref)Temperature response See typical curve -67°F (-55°C) max/min % -15 / 0+350°F (+177°C) max/min % +15 / 0Transverse sensitivity % ≤5Amplitude linearity %1Per 200g, 0 to 2000 gAcceleration applied in the direction of the arrow on the unit produces positive output Electrical characteristicsOutput polarityResistance (with 3093M10-12 cable)GΩ ≥10at +350°F (+177°C) (with 3093M10-12 cable) GΩ ≥0.5MΩ ≥1 at 100 Vdc pF470Signal return isolated from mounting surface-100˚F to +350˚F (-73˚C to +177˚C)Sealed by silicone compound g pk 1000g pk10 000equiv. g pk/μ strain 0.04equiv. g pk/°F (/°C)0.05 (0.09)See outline drawing gm (oz) 0.5 (0.018)gm (oz)3.7 (0.13)Aluminum, hard anodized 3093-12 cable assembly Adhesive% 20 Hz to 10 000 HzpC/g %pFModel 2222CPiezoelectric accelerometerAccessoriesIsolation Capacitance GroundingEnvironmental characteristicsTemperature range Humidity [2]Sinusoidal vibration limit [3] Shock limit [4]Base strain sensitivityThermal transient sensitivityPhysical characteristicsDimensions Weight (sensor)Weight (cable-12’’ long) Case material Connector Mounting [5]CalibrationSupplied:Charge frequency response Charge sensitivityMaximum transverse sensitivity CapacitanceNotes:1. Low-end response of the transducer is a function of its associated electronics.2. Removing cable exposes accelerometer interior to environment. See Piezoelectric Instruction Manual before replacing cable assembly.3. When exposed to high g and large displacement, the cable must be tied down as close to the accelerometer as possible to prevent cable whip and subsequent cable failure.4. Short duration shock pulses, such as those generated by metal-to-metal impacts, may excite transducer resonance and cause linearity errors. See TP290 for more details.5. Adhesives such as petro-wax, hot-melt glue, and cyanoacrylate epoxy (super glue) may be used to mount the accelerometer temporarily to the test structure. To remove an epoxy-mounted accelerometer, first soften the epoxy with an appropriate solvent and then twist the unit off with the supplied removal wrench. Damage to sensors caused by inappropriate removal procedures are not covered by Endevco’s warranty.6. Maintain high levels of precision and accuracy using Endevco’s factory calibrationservices. Call Endevco’s inside sales force at 800-982-6732 for recommended intervals, pricing and turn-around time for these services as well as for quotations on ourstandard products.Continued product improvement necessitates that Endevco reserve the right to modify these specifications without notice. Endevco maintains a program of constant surveillance over all products to ensure a high level of reliability. This program includes attention to reliability factors during product design, the support of stringent Quality Control requirements, and compulsory corrective action procedures. These measures, together with conservative specifications have made the name Endevco synonymous with reliability.©Endevco (San Juan Capistrano), Inc. All Rights Reserved 30700 Rancho Viejo Road, San Juan Capistrano, CA 92675 USA (800)982-6732•(949)493-8181fax(949)661-7231••Email:************************100812。