考研英语词汇大全之2012年考研英语真题词汇讲解

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考研英语(一)高频重点单词详解—2012年翻译(上)

考研英语（一）高频重点单词详解—2012年翻译（上）这是一篇科普类文章，本文先指出科学界的普遍行为特征是探索万物的共性，然后从自然科学和社会科学的角度具体说明这种特征，接下来以语言学家研究的例子说明：各学科试图找到一个具有普遍指导意义的真理模式这种愿景自然好，但是寻求绝对的普遍性并不恰当，要正确对待事物的差异性。

以下是本文中出现的10个高频重点单词，就让我们一起来学习吧！1. 12universal [juːnɪ'vɜːs(ə)l]a. 普遍的;通用的;宇宙的;全世界的;全体的n. 一般概念;普通性【词根记忆】：uni-(前缀：一)+vers(词根：转)+al(形容词性后缀)→统一旋转的→宇宙的【短语搭配】：universal law 普遍规律;普遍法则【真题例句】：Since the days of Aristotle, a search for universal principles has characterized the scientific enterprise. 从亚里士多德时代开始，科学家探索的主要特点就是寻求普遍规律。

(2012年翻译)2. 7impulse ['ɪmpʌls]n. 冲动;[电子] 脉冲;刺激;神经冲动;推动力vt. 推动【词根记忆】：im(=into)+pulse(=pull/push拉/推)→内心推动你前进的力量→冲动;推动力【真题例句】In physics, one approach takes this impulse for unification to its extreme, and seeks a theory of everything—a single generative equation for all we see. 物理学中，有一种方法将这种追求万物归一的冲动发挥到了极致，它探寻一种万有理论——一个包括我们能看到的一切的生成性等式。

2012年考研英语-常用词组

2012年考研英语词汇第一部分考研英语核心词汇记单词时不要采用从A——Z的顺序，而是要灵活搭配，比如A和J，B和O ，C和N，D和L等，这样记起来既不觉得累又有成就感。

一定记住吴老师的建议：每天晚上看1-2页，把自己已经记住的暂时划出来，第二天早上无论多忙都要把前一天晚上看过的单词复习一遍，然后再分别过3天、7天、15天、30天各复习一遍，坚持下来，到考前一周看最后一遍时，你会觉得大部分单词都已经很熟悉了。

另外，务必要把自己做过的历年真题或模拟题中的词汇题集中整理起来，这样的对比记忆特别有助于我们对近义近形词汇的辨析。

这样坚持学习，双管齐下，一定会n取得良好学习效果！第二部分英语词汇扩充小结英语词汇浩瀚如海，如何记忆单词，扩大词汇量一直是英语学习者面对的一大难题。

本单元介绍的构词知识——词缀，是掌握记忆单词的一个重要环节。

牢记词根可以起到举一反三的效果。

英语中的词缀包括前缀和后缀。

一般而言，前缀只改变词义，不改变词类；后缀主要改变词类，而不改变词义。

英语词汇中由词根，前缀，后缀结合在一起的词很多，占有相当大的比重。

下面将英语中常见的前、后缀列出，供同学们参考。

因为在该资料的第四部分还有系统的词缀词根内容，所以本部分内容是每个同学时间再紧张也必须掌握的。

第三部分词汇与搭配集锦词汇搭配是英语词汇测试的重点，英语词汇中的一些常用词及其构成的短语更是重中之重。

理解与掌握这些词语的意义及其用法对英语学习及语言测试有着积极的作用。

2012年考研英语词汇，新东方在线编辑收集整理，为考研考生备考使用，预祝大家考研备考顺利，成功进入梦想的院校。

1．常用动词固定搭配abide by 遵守（法律、诺言、决定等），坚持（意见）abound in 富有abstain from 戒绝，避免accuse sb of 指责account for 占，说明，解释act for 代表act on 实行，其作用adapt to 适应adhere to 坚持admit to 承认agree on / with 同意（某事）/ （某人）allow for 考虑到answer to 符合，适合approve of 赞成arrive at / in 到达（某地）associate with 联合，联系assure sb of 使放心attend to 专心，留意back up 支持，倒退back down 放弃，退却benefit from 得益于blame sb for sth 因某事而责备某人belong to 属于break away (from) 脱离，逃脱break down 损坏，瓦解，崩溃break in (on) 强行进入，打断，插嘴break into 闯入break off 中止，中断break out 逃出，爆发break through 突围，突破break up 中止，结束，打碎，拆散bring about 带来，引起bring around 改变主意bring back 归还，带回bring down 击落，打倒，降低bring forth 产生，提出bring forward 提议bring out 出版，使显出bring to 使恢复知觉bring up 培养，抚养call at 访问，拜访（某处）call for 邀请，要求，需要call forth 唤起，引起，振作起，鼓起call off 放弃，取消call on / upon 访问，拜访（某人），号召，呼吁call up 召集，动员，打电话，使人想起carry away 激动（常用被动）carry back 唤起回忆carry off 致死，赢得carry on 继续carry out 实现，完成carry through 实现，完成，帮助某人渡过难关come across 偶然碰到，偶然发现come away 断裂，脱落come by 获得come down 传给，降价come in 进来，流行come off 发生，举行，脱落，停止表演come on 快点，出现，出场，开始，进展come out 出版，出现，结果是come round 苏醒，复原come through 经历，脱险come to 总计，苏醒come up 走进，上来，发生come up to 符合，达到come up with 提出，提供cut across 抄近路，走捷径cut back 消减，减少cut down (on) 消减，降低cut in 打断，插话cut off 切断，阻碍cut out 删除，停止drop by / in 顺便拜访drop off 减弱，减少drop out 退出fall back to 求助，转而依靠于fall behind 拖欠，落后fall in with 与-----一致fall out 争吵，解散fall through 落空，失败fall off 从-----上落下get across 解释清楚，使人明白get along / on with 进展，过的get at 够得着，理解get away 逃脱，离开get by 通过，经过get down 写下get down to 开始，着手get in 进入，收获，收回get into 进入，陷入get off 从-----下来，动身，起身get out of 逃避，改掉get over 克服，痊愈get rid of 除掉，摆脱get through 结束，完成，接通电话，度过（时间）get together 集合，聚集give away 泄漏，分送give back 送还，恢复give in 交上，投降，屈服give off 放出（蒸汽，光），释放give out 分发，放出（气味，热）give rise to 引起，使发生give up 停止，使放弃give way to 给-----让路，被-----代替go after 追求go ahead 开始，前进go along with 陪同前往go around 足够分配，流传go back on 违背go by （时间）过去，遵循，凭-----判断go down 下降，被载入go for 追求，喜爱，适用于go in for 从事，致力于，沉湎于go into 进入，研究，调查go off 爆炸，进行，动身，离开go out 熄灭，外出，过时go over 复习，检查go through 遭受，经历，仔细检查go with 伴随，与-----协调go without 没有-----而将就对付hand down 流传下来，往下传hand in 上交，递交hand on 传下来，依次传递hand out 分发，分给hand over 移交，让与hold back 抑制，阻止hold on 继续，握住不放hold out 维持，坚持，支持hold on to 紧紧抓住，坚持hold up 举起，阻挡，延迟，抢劫keep back 阻止，隐瞒，保留keep down 压制，镇压，压低（声音）keep off 不接近，避开keep on 继续，保持keep to 坚持，遵守keep up 保持，维持，继续进行keep up with 跟上，向-----看齐lay aside 放一边，储蓄lay down 放下，制定lay off （临时）解雇，停止工作（休息）lay out 摆开，布置，设计，制定let along 更不用说let down 放下，降低，使失望let go (of) 放开，松手let off 宽恕，免除let out 放掉，发出live by 靠-----生活，live on 以-----为主食live through 度过，经受住live up to 做到，不辜负look after 照料，照看，关心look at 看，看待look back 回头看，回顾look down on 请示，看不起look for 寻找，寻求look forward to 盼望，期望look in 顺便拜访look into 调查，窥视look on 旁观，观看look out 留神，注意，提防look over 把----看一边，察看look up 查阅，查考make for 走向，有利于make out 写出，辨出，理解make up 组成，构成，编造，化妆，补充，和好make up for 弥补，偿还pay back 偿还，回报pay for 支付，付出代价pay off 还清（债务），取得成功pick out 挑选，辨认pick up 拾起，搭车，学会pull down 拆毁，拉倒，拉下，降低pull in （车）停下，进站，（船）靠岸pull out 拔出，取出，（车）驶出pull up （使）停下put across / over 解释清楚，说明put aside 储存，保留put down 放下，记下，镇压，平定put forward 提出put in 驶进put off 推迟put on 穿上，上演，增加（体重）put up 建造，搭起，张贴，提供食宿，提价put up with 容忍，忍受run across 跑着穿过，偶然碰见run away 私奔，失去控制run away with 带（某人）私奔，轻易接受（意见）run down 跑下，人精疲力竭，撞倒，贬低run into 跑进，使撞，偶然碰见，使陷入run out 用完，伸向，流出run over 碾过，浏览run through 跑着穿过，贯穿，浏览run up to 跑到，（物价）高涨到----see off 给-----送行see through 看穿，识破，干完see to 负责，照料set about 开始，着手set aside 留出，把----搁置在一边，驳回set at 袭击set back 把（钟表）往回拨，延缓，阻碍set down 卸下，使着陆，记下set in 到来，开始，缝上set off 出发，动身，引起，使发生set out 出发，陈列，陈述，企图set up 建立，树立show in 领入show off 炫耀，卖弄show up 揭穿，露出，（口）出席，到场stand by 支持，站在一边，袖手旁观stand for 是----的缩写，代表，意味着stand out 清晰地显处，醒目stand up for 维护，支持take after （外貌）相像take back 收回，使回想起---take ---for 以为，误认为take from 减少，减损，降低take in 接待，吸收，领会，欺骗，包含，改小（尺寸）take off 把----带往，起飞，脱下，取笑（通过模仿）take on 雇佣，承担，呈现take over 接管，接受，接任take to 开始从事于，养成----的习惯，沉湎于take up 拿起，着手处理，吸收（水分），占据（时间）turn aside 避开，偏离，使转变方向turn away 离开，转过脸去，解雇，防止（灾祸）turn (away) from 对------感到厌恶turn back 停止前进，折回turn in 拐入，上缴，上床睡觉turn into 进入，变成，使成为turn off 关，避开（问题），解雇，生产turn on 开，把------指向，对----发怒turn out 结果是，证明是，制造，生产turn over 使打翻，交给，反复考虑turn up 出现，被找到，翘起，来到2．常考动词固定搭配care for / about 关心，担心，计较（用于否定或疑问句）check upon / up 检查，检验check out 办理付账及退房后手续clear up 整理，收拾，天气变清collide with 冲突，碰撞conform to 遵守（规则等）cope with 处理，应付cover up 掩盖（错误、非法自之事）cross out 取消，删去cut across / along / through 穿过（某地）destined to do sth / for sth 命定，注定做某事die down 逐渐消失，平息die out （习俗等）渐渐消失direct at 针对dispose of 处置，处理，舍弃double sb. Up 使躬身，使弯腰dwell on / upon 细想，详述dwell at / in 住，留居excuse from 使免除责任feed into 提供原料fill in (for sb. ) 临时替换，补缺flare up 突然发怒，突然烧起来give sb. sth. away 出卖，泄漏give oneself up (to sb. ) 投案，自首go along with 相处得----，赞同，同意go for 适用，喜欢，支持go under 下沉，失败hang back (from sth. ) 踌躇，犹豫head for 向------前进impose on 将-----强加于某人knock out 击倒，击晕let loose 释放，放开participate in 参加pass off （药效，疼痛等）停止preside over 主持，长官prey on 捕获，捕食result in 导致，结果run for 竞选run out 用完，耗尽see about sth. / doing sth. 办完，办理set out to do sth. 开始做某事smooth over 使（问题）缓解snap at 厉声斥责stand up to 经得起考验step in 介入，干预stick sth. out 坚持到底，忍受subject sth./sb. to 使服从，使遭受switch on 接通（电流），开（电器）talk into 说服talk over 商量，商讨touch up 修改，改进3．名词固定搭配absence from 缺席accent on 着重admission to 许可，准许application for 申请application to 应用到arouse sb.’s curiosity about sth. 激起某人的兴趣approach to 接近，来临attach importance to 重视be in (out of) contact with 与----接触（失去联系）be out of balance 不平衡be friend(s) with 与-----保持友好be in (out of) harmony with 与----一致（不一致）bear responsibility for 对----负责break a promise 违背诺言bring / put into operation 实施，使生效bring shame on oneself 给某人带来羞辱bring sth. to sb’s notice 使某人注意-----bring/call to mind 想起bring to a halt 使停止bring into action 采取行动catch one’s breath 喘息call down / lay a curse upon sb. 诅咒某人cast a shadow over 蒙上阴影catch at shadows 捕风捉影catch sb’s eye 引人注目catch fire 着火，烧着catch / get a glimpse of 对----瞥一眼catch sight of 看见come to sb’s knowledge 被某人知道come to sb’s notice 引起某人的注意come to a point 到紧要关头come /go into effect 实施，生效come into a fortune 继承一笔财产come into fashion 开始流行come to a halt 停止combination with 与------结合commander in chief 总司令communication with 与-----交流，与----通信commit a crime 犯罪commit / make an error 犯错误come into possession of sth. 占有某物come / go into operation 实行，生效come to one’s senses 恢复理性，苏醒过来come to / arrive at a decision 做出决定come to / arrive at an agreement with 与-------达成一致reach / make an agreement with 与-------达成一致come to sb.’s assistance 帮助某人complaint about/of 对------抱怨competition with / against sb. 与某人竞争do a threat to 对----有威胁do damage to 损害------do/try one’s best 尽力，努力do sb. harm, 伤害某人do one’s share for sth. 为----贡献自己的力量draw a clear distinction between 区分，分清draw/reach/come to/arrive at a conclusion 得出结论drive sb. to despair 使某人绝望entrance to -----的入口，进入enjoy privileges 享有特权express one’s satisfaction at / with 对-----表示满意express sympathy for/ with sb. 对某人表示慰问express one’s gratitude to sb. for sth. 为某事尔感谢某fall in love with 爱上fall into temptation 受诱惑farewell to 与-----永别，不会再feel sympathy for sb. 同情某人find fault (with) 找岔，抱怨follow the fashion 赶时髦follow / tread in sb.’s steps 踏着某人的足gain / have an advantage over 优于，胜过get command of 控制get hold of 抓住get into trouble 陷入困境get / go / fly into a temper 发脾气give / extend assistance to sb. 给某人帮助give a description of 描述give (accept) a challenge 挑（应）战give / show evidence{s) of 有-----的迹象give no evidence of 没有-----的迹give one’s regards to sb. 向某人致敬give way to 让步，让路go out of fashion 过时，不再流行go shares 分享，分担grant sb. the privilege of doing sth. 赋予某人做某事的特权have access to 有权使用，有权利用have a talk with sb. 与某人交谈have an influence on/upon 对---有影响have a preference for 偏爱-----have a preference of sth. to/over 喜爱某物胜过-----have a prejudice against sb. 对某人有偏见have / run a temperature 发烧have authority over 对----有权利have a terror of sth. 惧怕某事have a nodding acquaintance with 与某人有点头之交have confidence in sb. 信任某人have / make contact with 和-----接触have control over/of 控制----have / hold a conversation with 与----谈话have the determination to do sth 决心干某事. have / find difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难have faith in 信任-----have sth. in mind 记的，想到have mercy on/upon 同情-----，怜悯-----hunger for / after 渴望have resort to sb. 求助于某人have no reference to 与------无关have trouble with 与-----闹纠纷hold the position of (as) 担任---的职务keep an eye on 照看，留意keep / control one’s temper 忍住不发脾气keep one’s balance 保持平衡keep ( break ) one’s appointment 守（违）约keep company with 与-----结交，与-----亲热keep sb. company 陪伴某人keep competition between 在------之间进行竞争keep(break) faith 忠于（背弃）信仰keep one’s mind on 专注于keep/bear in mind 记住keep one’s head 保持镇定keep pace with 与-----并驾齐驱keep ( carry out) a promise 遵守(履行)诺言keep in touch with sb. 与某人保持联络keep track of 记录，保持与---联系keep one’s word 守信用keep to the point 紧扣主题lay a claim to 主张，要求，自以为是lay / put / place emphasis on / upon 着重于，强调lead the way 领路，带路learn by heart 记住，背过leave sth. out of consideration 不考虑某事lose control of 失去对------的控制lose one’s balance 失去平衡lose one’s head 慌乱，惊慌失措lose heart 失去信心lose contact with 与-----失去联系lose sight of 看不见lose one’s temper 发脾气lose faith in 失去对-----的信任lose track of 失去----的线索make an appeal to sb. (for sth. ) 向某人呼吁某事make an appointment with sb. 于某人约会make an attempt to do sth. 企图做某事make the acquaintance of sb. 结识某人(make) comments on/upon sth. 评论make a comparison between 把----进行比较make a complaint against 控告make / offer an apology to sb. 向某人道歉make the best of 充分利用make a decision 决定make a difference between 区别对待make a difference to 使-----产生变化make an exception of 把-----作为例外make no exception(s) 不容许有例外make one’s farewell (s) 告别，道别make fashion 做做样子make a fortune 发财make friends 交朋友make inquiries of sb. about sth. 向----某人询问某事make preparations against 为防止-----做准备make preparations for 为-----做准备make mention of 提及，谈到make up one’s mind 下决心make a point 立论，证明论点make a promise 许诺make a reduction 减少make references to 提到make a response to 对----做出答复make satisfaction for 补偿make /offer resistance to 抵御，抵抗make sense 讲得通，言之有理make talk 聊天，闲谈make way 让路，腾出地方make trouble 找麻烦，闹事make use of 利用obstacle to 是----的障碍pay regard to 重视pay attention to 注意place an order for sth. with 向------订购某物present a striking contrast between 使两者形成明显的比put / bring / carry into effect 实行，使起作用play a joke on sb. 开某人的玩笑play a role in 在-----中扮演角色，起作用play a trick on sb. 作弄某人play a part (in) 扮演----的角色put in / into practice 实施，实行put sb. to shame 羞辱某人put / place / lay stress on/upon 把重点放在----put to use 使用reaction to 对-----的反应recovery from 从-----中恢复resist temptation 抵制诱惑run / take a risk 冒险set up (remove) a barrier between 在------中设置拆除）障碍set up a claim to sth. 对-----提出要求set / give a good example to sb. 给某人树立榜样set the fashion 创立新式样set fire to 点燃set a trap 设陷阱substitute for sth. 代替物take into account 考虑take (no) account of （不）考虑take advantage of 利用，趁-----之机take care 注意，当心take care of 照料，照顾take a chance 冒险，投机take charge of 接管，管理take (seek) comfort in 在------中得到（寻求）安慰take command of 指挥take into consideration 考虑take ( a) delight in 以------为乐take one’s departure 动身，出发take effect 生效，起作用take one’s farewell of sb. 向某人道别take / give a glance at 对-----初略地看一下throw / cast light on/upon 使人了解某事take notice of 注意到take /make an objection to 反对-----take pains 努力，尽力take part in 参加take place 发生，进行take the place of 取代，代替take possession of 占有，占领take pride in 以-----自豪take the resolution to do sth. 决心做某事take the responsibility for ( of) 负起做某事的责任take / bear one’s share of 承担自己的一份take the firm stand 坚定立场take a stand for (against) sth. 赞成（反对）某事take one’s temperature 量体温take one’s time 不着急take turns 依次，轮流thanks to 由于throw a scare into sb. 吓坏某人throw / cast / put into the shade 使逊色，使相形见绌try one’s fortune 碰运气yield / give way to temptation 经不起诱惑4．形容词固定搭配be absent from 缺席，不在be accustomed to 习惯于be applicable to 适应于，应用于be ashamed of 对-----感到羞愧be aware of 意识到，知道be beneficial to 对----有利be blind to 对-----视而不见be bound for/to 准备到-----去的，一定be capable of 有-----能力的，可----的be characteristic of 特有的，表示----特性的be common to 共同的，共有的be compatible with 适合的，一致的be confident of 确信，相信be conscious of 意识到be consistent with 与----一致，与----相符be content with 对----感到满意be contrary to 与----相反be convenient to / for 对-----方便be crazy about/on 对-----着迷，热衷于be crazy for 渴望be critical of 对----表示谴责，对-----感到不满be dependent on / upon 依赖，依靠be distinct form 与-----不同，有区别be diverse from 和----不一样be doubtful about/of 怀疑be due to 由于，应归于，（按计划）将做---- be eager for/about/after 渴求------be economical of 节俭，节约be equivalent to 等于，相当于be essential to/for 必不可少的，基本的be familiar to 为------所熟悉be familiar with 熟悉be fit for / 胜任----，适合------be fond of 喜欢be foreign to 陌生的，与------无关的be good at 擅长于be generous with / in (doing) 慷慨，大方be grateful to sb. for 对-----表示感谢be guilty of 对------感到内疚，犯----的罪be helpful to 对----有帮助be identical to/with 与-----相同be ignorant of 不知道，无知be independent of 不依靠be indispensable for / to 必需的be inferior to 劣于，（地位等）低于----be innocent of 清白的，无辜的be jealous of 妒嫉-----，注意提防的be keen on 喜爱，着迷于------be liable to 易于------的，应受（处罚）的be liable for 有责任be loyal to 对----忠诚的be married to 和某人结婚be new to 陌生的，不熟悉be opposite to 对立的，相反的be preferable to 更好的，更可取得be prior to 在----之前be proportional to 与-----成比例be proud of 对----感到骄傲be qualified for 胜任，具有---的资格be qualified in 胜任，适合be ready for 为----做好准备be relative to 和----有关系的be relevant to 与----有关be representative of 代表be resistant to 对----有抵抗力的be responsible to sb. for sth 对------负责be ripe for 准备好的，时机成熟的be secure from / against 安全的be sensitive to 对----敏感的be shy of 对----迟疑，畏缩be similar to 和----相似be skillful at / in 善于，精于be strict with 对-----严格要求be subject to 易受----的，受-----的支配be sufficient for 充足的，满足------be suitable for / to 适合-----的be superior to 优于，比-----好be suspicious of 怀疑，猜疑be thirsty for 渴望------be tired of 厌烦，厌倦be typical of 典型的，具有代表性的be uncertain of/about/as to 对-----不确定be worthy of 值得------4．介词固定搭配above all 有其实，最重要的是after all 毕竟，终究ahead of 在-----之前ahead of time 提前all at once 突然，同时，一起all but 除了-----都，几乎all of a sudden 突然all over 到处，遍及all over again 重新，再一次all right 行，好，安然无恙all the same 依然，照样all the time 一直，始终and so on / forth 等等，诸如此类anything but 除-----以外的任何事apart from 除-----以外（别无）as a matter of fact 事实上as a result 结果，因此as a result of 由于，作为----的结果as a rule 照例，通常as for / to 关于，至于as regards 关于，有关as usual 像往常一样，照例as well 叶，又，同样aside from 除-----以外（尚无）at a loss 困惑，不追所措，亏本地at a time 一次，每次at all costs 不惜一切代价，无论如何at all times 无论何时，一直at any rate 无论如何，至少at best 充其量，最多at first 起先，最初at first sight 乍一看，第一次看到at hand 在手边，在附近，即将到来at heart 在内心里，本质上at home 在家，在国内，自在at intervals 不时，在（时间，距离上）以-----的间隔at large 详尽的，普遍的at last 最后，终于at least 至少，无论如何at length 最后，终于，详细地at most 最多，不超过at no time 决不，从不at once 立刻，马上at one time 曾经，一度，同时at present 目前，现在at sb’s disposal 由某人支配，供某人使用at the cost of 以----为代价at the same time 同时，然而，不过at this rate 照此速度at times 有时，间或back and forth 来回，反复because of 由于，因为before long 不久（以后）beside the point 离题，不相干beyond question 毫无疑问by accident 偶然by air 通过航空途径by all means 务必，尽一切办法by chance 意外地，碰巧by far ------的多，最-----by hand 用手，手工的by itself 独自的，单独的by means of 依靠，借助于by mistake 错误地，无意中做了错事by no means 决不，并没有by oneself 独自的，单独的by reason of 由于，因为by the way 顺便地by way of 经过，以-----样的方式for good 永久地for the better 好转，向好的方向发展for the sake of 为了，为了-----的利益for the time being 暂时，眼下from time to time 有时，不时in a hurry 匆忙，急于in a moment 立刻，马上in a sense 从某种意义上说in a / one way 在某种程度上in a / one word 总之，简而言之in accordance with 依据，与----一致in addition 此外in addition to 除----以外in advance 预先，提前in any case 在任何情况下，无论如何in brief 以简洁的方式，简言之in case of 如果发生，以防in charge of 负责，主管in common 共有的，共同的in consequence 结果，因此in consequence of 由于-----的缘故in debt 欠债in detail 详细地in difficulty 陷入困境in effect 实际上，事实上in fact 实际上，其实in favor of 赞同，支持，有利于in front of 在-----前面in future = from now on 今后，从今以后in general 总的来说，大体上in half 分成两半in hand (工作）在进行中，待办理in honor of 为纪念，为庆祝in itself 本质上，就本身而言in line 成一排，成一直线，有持续in line with 符合，与----一致in memory of 为了纪念----in no case 决不，无论如何不in no time 立刻，马上in no way 状态良好，正气，有秩序in order to 为了，以----为目的in other words 换言之in part 在某种程度上，部分地in particular 特别，尤其in person 亲自，本人in place 在合适的位置，适当地in place of 代替，取代in practice 在实践中，实际上in proportion to 与----成比例in public 公开地，当众in quantity = in large quantities 大量in question 正在被谈论，被争论in / with relation to 涉及，关于in return 作为回报或报答in return for 作为-----的交换in short 总之，简言之in / within sight of 看得见，在视野范围内in spite of 不管，不顾in step 合拍，步调一致in step with 与-----合步调，与-----一致in tears 流着泪，哭泣in the course of 在-----过程中，在-----期间in the end 最后，终于in the event of 万一，如果发生in (the) face of 面对，在-----前面in the first place 首先，本来in the future 将来in (the)least 丝毫，一点儿in the light of 鉴于，根据，由于in the way 挡道，妨碍人的in time 及时，最后in / within touch 联系，在----附近in touch with 与------有联系in turn 依次，轮流，反过来in vain 徒劳地instead of 代替，而不是more or less 或多或少no doubt 无疑no longer 不再no more 不再，不再存在now and then 不时，偶尔off and on / on and off 有时，断断续续地on a large scale 大规模地on a small scale 小规模地on account of 由于，因为on (an / the) average 平均，通常on behalf of 代表on board 在（船、飞机）上on business 因公，因事on condition that 在----条件下，如果on duty 值班on earth 究竟，到底on fire 着火，起火on foot 徒步，步行on guard 值班，站岗on hand 在手头，现有，在场on occasion(s) 有时，间或on one’s guard 警惕，提防on one’s own 独自地，独立地on purpose 有意，故意地on sale 出售，廉价出售on schedule 按时间表，准时on second thoughts 继而一想，进一步考虑后on the contrary 相反on the ground (s) of 根据，以-----为理由on (the) one hand 一方面on the other hand 另一方面on the point of 即将-----之时，正要-----的时候on the road 在途中on the spot 在现场，当场on the whole 总的来看，大体上on time 准时，按时once again 再一次once (and) for all 一劳永逸，永远地once in a while 偶尔，间或once more / again 再一次out of breath 上气不接下气out of control 失去控制out of date 过时的，废弃的out of doors 户外的out of order 不正齐，出故障的out of place 不在合适的位置，不恰当的out of practice 久不练习，荒疏out of sight 看不见，在视野之外out of the question 不可能，办不到的out of touch (with) 与-----无联系over and over ( again) 反复，再三so as to 为的是，以致于so---as to 如此-----以致于so far 迄今为止so/as far as--- be concerned 就------而言sooner or later 迟早to the point 切题，切中要害under control 被控制住under / in the circumstances 在这种情况下under way 在进行中up to date 时新的，现代化的with / in regard to 关于，至于with respect to 关于，至于with the exception of 除------以外without question 毫无疑问word for word 逐字地，一字不变地更多考研免费资料请访问中国MBA网联考社区。

考研英语(一)高频重点单词详解—2012年阅读Text 2(上)

考研英语（一）高频重点单词详解—2012年阅读Text 2（上）本文选自《波士顿环球报》(The Boston Globe)，原文标题为Vermont Yankee plant’s owner must honor its own promises,这是一篇关于核电站守信的文章，文章虽然较难，但是后面的题目设置比较简单，可以在原文中找到答案，但前提是读懂其中的核心关键词。

接下来就让我们一起来学习本篇中的重点词汇。

1. 3 outrage ['aʊtreɪdʒ]n. 1. 义愤，愤慨 2. 暴行vt. 激起…的义愤，激怒【词根记忆】：out (外面，超出) +rage (生气，愤怒)→特别生气,出离愤怒→义愤，愤慨→对什么事情特别生气→暴行，骇人听闻的事件【真题例句】：The company, a major energy supplier in New England, provoked justified outrage in Vermont last week when it announced it was reneging on a longstanding commitment to abide by the strict nuclear regulations. 该公司是新英格兰地区的一家主要能源供应商。

它上星期在佛蒙特州激起了愤怒，而且这种愤怒合乎情理。

(2012年阅读Text 2)2. 2 abide [ə'baɪd]v. (by) 1. 遵守2. 坚持 3. 忍受【词根记忆】：a(强调)+bide(咬)→咬牙坚持，咬牙忍受，遵守也是一种坚持→坚持，忍受，遵守【真题例句】：It was reneging on a longstanding commitment to abide by the strict nuclear regulations. 它将违背“遵守严格的核安全条例”这一长期许诺。

2012年考试说明词汇讲解

2012年考试说明词汇整理1.abandon v. 遗弃；抛弃；放弃，终止(1)The mother left her baby who she is responsible for her, with no intention of returning.The mother abandoned her baby./ The baby had been abandoned by its mother.(2)The truck was stuck in the heavy snow, so the driver had to abandon it because it is dangerous in the car.(3)They stopped the match because of rain.They abandoned the match because of rain.2.﹡abnormal adj. 畸形的，不正常的, 异常的(1) Recently, his behavior is different from what is usual or expected.His behaviour is abnormal.3. absent adj. 心不在焉的，出神的；缺席，不在(1)He didn’t go to school because of illness.He was absent from school due to illness.(2) I know he showed lack of attention to what I said because I can see an absent look on his face..4. access n. 通道，通路；（使用或见到…）的机会，权利(1) There is a special way for the disabled of entering the theatre.There is a special access for the disabled of entering the theatre.(2) Students should have the opportunity or right to use the computers rooms.Students should have access to the computers rooms.5. ﹡accomplish v. 完成(1) I don’t feel I have succeeded in doing or completing very much today.I don’t feel I have accomplished/achieved very much today.6. account n. 账户；叙述，描述；v. 解释，说明(1) If you want to keep money or draw money in a bank, you should have a bank account.(2) A witness gave the police a written or spoken description of the incident.A witness gave the police a (full) account of the incident.(3) How do you give an explanation or reason for all these mistakes?How do you account for all these mistakes?7.◆accurate adj. 精确的，准确的(1) “ Can you give a correct and true description in every detail?” asked the policeman.“ Can you give an accurate description ?” asked the policeman.◆actual adj. 真实的，实际的(1) The real cost was higher than we expected.The actual cost was higher than we expected.(2) The wedding preparations take weeks but the real ceremony takes less than an hour.The wedding preparations take weeks but the actual ceremony takes less than an hour.◆actually adv. 实际上，事实上；（表示想法与事实不一致因而惊奇）居然；（礼貌的纠正他人）实际上，事实上；（礼貌地引起注意、转换话题，直言）确实，说实在的(1) In fact, it’s not raining now.It’s not actually raining now.(2) You had thought that the food in America was very expensive, but in fact it was not. So you could saythat the food in America was not actually all that expensive.(3) When some Germans mistake you for a Japanese, you can say to them that I am not a Japanese,actually. I am Chinese.(4) You are busy when someone calls you, so you want to tell him you don’t like to talk to him now in apolite way, what can you say? Actually, I am busy at the moment—can I call you back?8. accuse v. 控告，控诉(1) She charged him with lying.She accused him of lying.9. accustomed adj. 习惯于(1) It took him a while to accustom himself to the idea.It tool him a while to make himself accustomed to the idea.It took him a while to make himself used to the idea.(2)In all his life, he has eight hours’ sleep a night. He is a person accustomed to having eight hours’ sleep a night.10. ache n./v. 疼痛(1) My eyes feel a continuous dull pain from lack of sleep.My eyes ached from lack of sleep.11. achieve v. （凭长期努力）达到（某目标、地位、标准）realize；完成accomplish(1) She never realized her ambition of becoming a professional singer.She never achieved her ambition of becoming a professional singer.(3)All you have accomplished is to upset my parents.All you have achieved is to upset my parents.12. acknowledge v. 承认, 承认（权威、地位）accept, recognize ;答谢(1) I didn’t accept that he had done anything wrong.I didn’t acknowledge that he had done anything wrong.(2) He is widely recognized as the best player in the world.He is widely acknowledged as the best player in the world.(3) He thanked you for your help in his letter./ He appreciated your help in his letter.He acknowledged your help in his letter.13. acquire v. 得到，获得(1) She has gained a good knowledge of English.She has acquired a good knowledge of English.(2) The company has just obtained a new office building.The company has just acquired a new office building.14. act n. 行为；法案，法令；一段表演；v. 做事，行动; 行为，举止;扮演(1) Drunk driving is a particular thing against the law.Drunk driving is criminal act.(2) Pointing others’ mistakes is an act of kindness.(3) It is vital that we do sth to stop the destruction of the rainforests.It is vital that we act to stop the destruction of the rainforests.(4)John has been behaving very strangely lately.John has been acting very strangely lately.(5)Have you ever performed a part in a play or movie?Have you ever acted?15. ◆adapt v. 使适应，使适合；改编，改写(1) We have had to adjust quickly to the new system.We have had to adapt quickly to the new system.(2) Most of these tools have been specially modified/changed for use by disabled people.Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people.(3) Many Kunfu novels written by Jin Yong have been changed and made into movies or television programs.Many Kunfu novels written by Jin Yong have been adapted for movies or television◆adjust v. 调整，调节；适应，习惯(1) This button is for changing the volume to make it pleasant to listen to.This button is for adjusting the volume.(2) It took her a while to adapt to living alone.It took her a while to adjust to living alone.(3) You will quickly adapt yourself to student life.You will quickly adjust yourself to student life.16. addition n. 加(1) Besides/Apart from these arrangements, extra ambulances will be on duty until midnight.In addition to these arrangements, extra ambulances will be on duty until midnight. (2) Besides/Ｗhat’s more, there is one further points to make.There is , in addition, one further points to make.17. admire v. 钦佩；欣赏(1) The school is widely respected for its excellent teaching.The school is widely admired for its excellent teaching.(2) He stood back to appreciate /enjoy his handiwork.He stood back to admire his handiwork.18. admit v. 承认；准许…进入，接收（入学）(1) She agrees that she is strict with her children.She admits (to) being strict with her children.(2) Don’t be afraid to agree that you made mistakes.Don’t be afraid to admit (to) your mistakes.(3) Women were only allowed to become a member of the club last year.Women were only admitted to/into the club last year.19. adopt v. 采纳；收养(1) He has nothing to do but beg the old woman to take his baby into her family.He has to ask the old lady to adopt his baby.(2) All three teams used the approach given by the coach to the problem.All three teams adopted the coach’s approach to the problem.20. adult n. 成年人(1) Children must be accompanied by a grown-up. .Children must be accompanied by an adult.21. advance n. /v. 发展，进步；向前运动；(1) We live in an age of rapid technological development.We live in an age of rapid technological advance.(2) They had moved 20 miles by nightfall.They had advanced 20 miles by nightfall.(3) This research has done much to develop our understanding of language learning.This research has done much to advance our understanding of language learning.(6)People were evacuated(撤离，清空) from the coastal regions before the hurricane.People left the coastal areas in advance of the hurricane.22. ﹡advanced adj. 先进的，高级的(1) Modern and developed technology has been brought in by the company.Advanced technology has been brought in by the company.(2) There were only three of us on the advanced course.23. advantage n. 优势，有利条件(1) She made use of the children’s absence to tidy their rooms.She took advantage of the children’s absence to tidy their rooms.24. advocate v. 提倡，拥护，支持(1) The group doesn’t support the use of violence.The group doesn’t advocate the use of violence.25. affair n. 公共事务，事件；暧昧关系(1) She wanted the celebration to be a simple family event.She wanted the celebration to be a simple family affair.(2) She is having a sexual relationship between her and her boss.She is having an affair with her boss.26. affect v. 影响；侵袭; （感情上）深深打动(1) Your opinion will not influence/ have an effect on/ have an influence on my decision.Your opinion will not affect my decision.(2) It is a disease which only attacks mainly older people and makes them become ill/sick.It is a disease which only affects mainly older people.(3) They had strong feelings of sadness/were shocked by the news of her death.They were deeply affected by the news of her death.27. afford v. 买得起；（有时间）做，能做；承担得起…(1) I have not enough money to buy a luxury sedan.I can afford ( to buy ) a luxury sedan.(2) She felt she couldn’t have any more time off work.She felt she couldn’t afford any more time off work.(3) We should not delay any longer, or we couldn’t accomplish the task.We couldn’t afford any more delays , otherwise we couldn’t accomplish the task. 28. I am afraid. 我怕，恐怕，很遗憾，对不起(1) How can you tell someone that you can’t help him in a polite way?I can’t help you, I am afraid.(2) How can you tell your friend that you are sorry that you can’t go?I am afraid I can’t come.(3) How can you tell someone that his child is not any better in a polite way?He’s no better, I am afraid to say.(7)How can you tell someone that there is nothing left in a polite way?-----Is there any left? ---- I am afraid not.29. after all 终归，毕竟，(1) Don’t scold/blame him , after all he is a 5-year-old boy.(2) He should have paid. He suggested it, after all.30. against prep. 违反，反对；紧靠；衬托(1) She had to marry although she was opposed.she was forced to marry against her will.(2) Put the piano there close to the wall.Put the piano there, against the wall.(3) His red clothes were easily seen when she was surrounded by white snow.His red clothes stood out clearly against the snow.31. age n. 年龄；时期；很长时间(1) I waited for a long time.I waited for ages(2) It is/has been a long time since we have seen them.It is/has been an age since we have seen them.(3) It will take a long time to find a parking space.It will take ages to find a parking space.(4) We are living in the time of the computer.We are living in the age of the computer.(5) We live in an age when more information is available with greater ease than ever before.32. aggressive adj. 好斗的，挑衅的，志在必得的(1) Don’t drink too much. It will make you behave in a threatening way or ready to attack.Never be drunk. Otherwise, you may get aggressive.(2) A good salesperson is supposed to act with force and determination in order to succeed in today’s competitive market.A good salesperson has to be aggressive in today’s competitive market.33. agree v. 同意(1) They say we need to change. I have the same opinion.I agreed with them about the need for change.(2) Both sides had the same idea on the decision.Both sides agreed on the decision.(3) The boss said yes to the proposal proposed by the workers.The boss agreed to the proposal proposed by the workers.(4) Your account of the accident is the same as hers.Your description of the accident agrees with hers.(8)I love milk, but it makes me feel sick after I drink it.Although I like milk, it doesn’t agree with me.(9)---How terrible the smoke is!---I completely agree!---The smoke is terrible.---I couldn’t agree more!(10)S he said she allowed me to go early.She agreed to let me go early.34. go ahead 进行，发生；毫不迟疑地开始做某事(1) Despite the bad weather the match will take place.In spite of the bad weather the match will go ahead.(2) ---May I start now?--- Yes, you can begin with without hesitation.----Yes, go ahead.35. aim n./v. 目的，目标；力争做到，瞄准(1) She went to America with the purpose of finding a job.She went to America with the aim of finding a job.(2) They are trying their best to make everybody trained by the end of the year.They are aiming at training everybody by the end of the year.(3) They are trying their best to reduce unemployment by 50%.They are aiming to reduce unemployment by 50%.(4) The book is intended for very young children.The book is aimed at very young children.(11)T he robber pointed the gun at her head.The gun was aimed at her head by the robber.36. air n. 空气(1) It took 15 hours to go to America in a plane.It took 15 hours to go to America by air/by plane.(2) The Program is being broadcast.The program is on (the)air.37. alarm n. 警报，闹钟，惊恐，惊慌；v.使惊恐，使害怕(1) The captain knew there was an engine fault but didn’t want to make the passengers anxious or afraid.The captain knew there was an engine fault but didn’t want to alarm/frighten the passengers.38. alike adj. 相像，十分相似adv. 十分相像地(1) My sister and I do not look very similar.My sister and I don’t look alike.(2) They tried to treat all their children in a very similar way.They tried to treat all their children alike.39. alive adj. 活着的；有生气；继续存在；引起兴趣(1) In the ancient time, some people were buried when they were not dead with the emperor.In the past, some people were buried alive with the emperor.(2) It is our duty to keep our Chinese traditions continuing to exist.It is our duty to keep our Chinese traditions alive.(3) The city starts to come to life after dark.The city starts to come alive after dark.40. allow v.允许，准许(1) His parents won’t let him stay out late.His parents won’t allow him to stay out late.(2) We forbid smoking in the hall.We don’t allow smoking in the hall.(3) You can’t bring dogs in.No dogs allowed.41. let alone 更不用说;leave/let sb alone 不打扰/不惊动某人;leave/let sth alone 不碰，不变动(1) She has asked the press photographers to stop annoying her but they still follow her everywhere.She has asked to be left alone but the press photographers follow her everywhere.(2) I have told you before----don’t touch my things.I have told you before----leave my things alone.(3) There is not enough room for us, there can not be enough room for any guests.There is not enough room for us, let alone any guests.42. altogether adv. 完全；总共；总之(1) I don’t completely agree with you.I don’t altogether agree with you.(2) You owe me 2000 yuan in all.You owe me 2000 yuan altogether.(3) The food was good and we loved the music. All in all it was a great evening.The food was good and we loved the music. Altogether it was a great evening.43. always adv. 总是(1) If a girl says that her mother is always criticizing her, can you tell how the girl feel?She will feel annoyed.44. amaze v. 大为惊奇(1) It is very surprising how long she managed to hide it from us.What amazes me is how long she managed to hide it from us.(2) I was banging so loudly I am very surprised that they didn’t hear me.I was banging so loudly I am amazed that they didn’t hear me.(3) Her knowledge of French literature surprised me much.I was amazed at her knowledge of French literature.Her knowledge of French literature was amazing.(4) The scientist’s achievement is very surprising.The scientist has made amazing achievement.45. ambition n雄心，野心，报负(1) She was intelligent but she had no desire or determination to be successful.Intelligent as she was, she suffered from lack of ambition.46. among adj. 在…中(1) The star received a lot of letters and one of the letters was from an orphan.The star received a lot of letters, among which one was from an orphan.(2) Amon g/Of the boys, he is the tallest.(3) They were the last to leave, including an old man.The old woman was among the last to leave.(4) ----What was wrong with the job?---- Well, It was not good, for example, the pay wasn’t good.----Well, the pay wasn’t good, among other things.嗯，别的不说，工资就不怎么样。

2012考研英语核心词汇及常用词组(精简附例句版)

2011考研英语词汇第一部分考研英语核心词汇记单词时不要采用从A——Z的顺序，而是要灵活搭配，比如A和J，B和O，C和N，D和L等，这样记起来既不觉得累又有成就感。

另外，务必要把自己做过的历年真题或模拟题中的词汇题集中整理起来，这样的对比记忆特别有助于我们对近义近形词汇的辨析。

这样坚持学习，双管齐下，一定会取得良好学习效果！Aabide 遵循（…by）；容忍The one thing she cannot abide is lying.abnormal 反常的abnormal behaviorabolish 彻底废除（法律、制度、习俗等）abolish old customabrupt 突然的，意外的an abrupt departureabsolute 纯粹的，完全的have absolute trust in sb.absorb 吸收，吸进 A sponge absorbs water.abstract 抽象的 A flower is beautiful, but beauty itself is abstract.absurd 荒谬的，荒唐的The idea that number 14 brings bad luck is absurd.abuse 滥用abuse one's authority(office)aaccelerate 加速，增速accelerate one’s stepsaccess 接近（或进入）的机会have regular and immediate access to the President accommodate 使适应，使符合一致accommodate oneself to changed circumstances accompany 陪伴，伴随She was accompanied to a dinner by her friend.accomplish 达到（目的），完成（任务），实现（计划，诺言等）accomplish one's purpose accord 使符合，相一致(with) His violent action do not accord with his peaceful words. account 记述，叙述give a brief account of what has happenedaccumulate 积累，积攒，积聚accumulate wisdomaccurate 准确的，精确的an accurate estimateaccuse 指控，指责They accused her publicly of stealing their books.accustom 使习惯于accustom oneself to rising (to rise) earlyacquaint 使认识，使了解activate 使活动起来，使开始起作用，启动They have planted secret agents in many countries who could be activated whenever needed.acute 尖锐的，敏锐的an acute thinkeradapt （使）适应adapt oneself to new conditionsaddress 演说 a television addressadhere 黏附，附着Paste is used to make one surface adhere to another.adjacent 临近的，毗邻的(to) a city and its adjacent suburbsadjoin 贴近，与...毗邻His house adjoins the lake.administrate 掌管，料理...的事务In many Japanese homes, the funds are administrated bythe wife.adolescent （尤指16岁以下的）青少年 a film aimed at adolescentsadvance 使向前移动advance a chessmanadvantage 有利条件，优点Sitting Presidents hold built-in advantages when seeking anotherterm.adverse 不友好的，敌对的She felt adverse to her husband's friends.advocate 拥护，提倡，主张advocate self-defenceaesthetic 美学的，艺术的，审美an aesthetic theoryaffliliate 使隶属（或附属）于，使成为会员 a government affiliated companyaffirm 断言，申明affirm the truth of a statementaggravate 加重，加剧，恶化aggravate the declining economyaggressive 侵犯的，侵略的an aggressive weaponagitate 搅动（液体等）The machine agitated the mixture.alarm 惊恐，忧虑The bandits scattered in alarm.alert 警惕的，留神的In our reading we should always be alert for new usages.alien 外国的adjust to an alien cultureallege 断言，宣称The newspaper alleges the mayor's guilt.allocate 分配，分派，把...拨给allocate funds for new projectsallied 结盟的，有关联的allied nationsallow 允给，准许，允许He missed her more than he would allow himself to admit. allowance 津贴，补贴，零用钱 a housing allowancealter 改变，更改alter an attitudealternate 交替，轮流Night and day alternate.amateur （艺术，科学等的）业余爱好者an amateur golferamaze 使惊愕，使惊异I am amazed that he should get the post.ambiguous 含糊不清的，模棱两可的an ambiguous answerambition （对名利等的）强烈欲望，野心His political ambitions still burn.amend 修改，修订amend the spelling in sb.'s paperamuse 逗乐，逗笑，给...提供娱乐（或消遣）The clown at the circus amused the children. anchor 锚The anchor catches (drags).announce 宣布，声称It is officially announced that he will not run for reelection.annoy 使恼怒，使生气She was annoyed at (with) his lightheard attitude.annual 每年的，年度的the annual output of steelanonymous 匿名的，无名的an anonymous letter (phone call)answer 回答，响应Henry took ages to answer the door.anticipate 预期，预料The directors anticipated a fall in demand (that demand would fall). anxious 焦虑的，发愁的(about, at) They become anxious at her delay.apart 成零碎Such cheap clothes come apart after a few washings.apparent 显然的，明明白白的It was apparent that they all understood.appeal 呼吁，恳求I appealed to the children to make less noise.applaud 鼓掌，喝彩，叫好The audience applauds the performers for three minutes. apply 涂，敷He applied two coats of paint to the table.appoint 任命，委派They appointed his father (to be 或as) postmaster.appraise 估量，估计appraise the infant's weightappreciate 感激I appreciated your help much.apprehend 对...担心Do you apprehend that there will be any difficulty?approach 靠近，接近John is approaching manhood.appropriate 恰当的，相称的Plain, simple clothes are appropriate for school wear. approve 赞成，同意I couldn't approve his conduct.approximate 大概的，大约的，近似的The approximate time is 10 o'clock.apt （习性）易于......的，有......倾向的 A careless person is apt to make mistakes. arbitrary 随心所欲的，个人武断的，任意的an arbitrary choicearise 起立，起身arise from one's seatarouse 使......奋发 A man like Tom will be aroused. Don’t worry.array 排列，队形The troops were formed in battle array.articulate 发音清晰的，善于表达的He is articulate about everything in the field ofeconomics.artificial 人工的，人造的，人为的artificial price controlsascend 登高，（渐渐）上升，升高The airplane ascended into the cloud.ascertain 查明，弄清，确定I ascertained that he was dead.ashamed 惭愧的，羞耻的I am ashamed for being so stupid.ashore 向岸，向陆地He swam ashore.aside 在旁边We stood aside to let her pass.assault 攻击，袭击We made an assault on the enemy fort.assemble 集合，召集assemble the members of Parliament for a special meeting.assert 肯定地说（出），坚定地断言He asserted his innocence.assess 估价，评价，评论assess the present state of the economyassign 分配，布置（作业）The teacher assigned (us) a new lesson.assimilate 吸收，消化He is quick to assimilate new ideas.associate （使）联系，（使）结合We naturally associated the name of Darwin with the doctrineof evolution.assume 假定，假设Farmers will have a bumper harvest, assuming (that) the weather sifavarable.assure 深信不疑地对......说，向......保证assurance 保证，把握，信心He gave me his assurance that he would help.astonish 使惊讶I was astonished at his sudden appearance.attach 系，贴，连接attach a label to a suitcaseattain 达到，获得attain one’s goalattend 出席，参加（会议等）attend a weddingattendance 出席，参加，出席人数，出席率Our class has perfect attendance today. attentive 注意的，专心的an attentive audienceattribute 把归因于，把......（过错的责任等）归于(to) He attributed his success to hard work. auxiliary 辅助的an auxiliary rocketavail 有利于，有助于Will force alone avail us?average 平均数，平均The paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day.avert 挡开，防止，避免Many traffic accidents can be averted by courtesy.awake 醒，觉醒awake from sleepaward 授予（奖品等）The university awarded him an honorary degree.Bban （以官方明令）禁止，取缔He was banned from entering the city.bang （突发的）sudden loud bangbar 条，块，杆，棒 a bar of goldbare 赤裸的，光秃的，空无内容的walk in bare feetbeforehand 预先，事先If you wanted soup for lunch you should have told me beforehand. behave 举止端正，听话Do behave.bewilder 使迷惑，使糊涂I’m bewildered as to which one to buy.bias 偏见，偏心have a bias against sb.(或sth.)blame 责备，责怪Public opinion blames Mrs Smith for leading the girl astray.blast 一阵（风），一股（气流） a blast of windblaze 火焰The fire sprang into a blaze.blunt 钝的The sun was blazing down and the heat was oppressive.blush （因害羞、激动、窘困）脸红blush with(或for) joyboast 自吹自擂，自夸的话He is full of boasts.bolt 螺栓，（门，窗的）插销 a small bag of nuts and boltsboom 低沉有回响的声音The great bell tolled with a deep boom.border 边界，边境，边沿 a district on the Kampuchean side of the border with Thailand bore 钻孔，挖（通道）bore through a wallbounce 弹起，反弹The ball doesn’t bounce well.bound 跳跃，弹回She bounded to her feet and waved her right hand triumphantly. boycott （联合起来）抑制，拒绝参加boycott uncooperative manufacturesbrace 托架，支架He braced his muscles and lifted the weight.breed （使）繁殖Rabbits breed families rapidly.bribe 贿赂accept(或take)a bribe from sb.brief 短暂的，简短的，简洁的 a brief holidaybrisk 轻快的，生气勃勃的 a brisk pacebrittle 易碎的，一碰就破的brittle glassbrush 刷子，毛刷 a laundry brushbump 碰，撞(against, into) The truck bumped against the wall in the dark.burst 爆炸，爆裂The boiler burst.Ccalculate 计算，推算calculate the distance between New York and Chicagocall 喊，叫Please call the names of all the people who are present.cancel 取消，废除，删去cancel a tripcapture 俘虏，捕获capture butterfliescase 事例，事实，事情This is a case of poor judgment.cast 投，扔，抛，撒，掷cast doubt(s) on the feasibility of a schemecasual 偶然的，无计划的，随便的，非正式的 a casual meetingcease 停止，终止，结束The music ceased suddenly.certify 证明，证实The accounts were certified (as) correct.challenge 向...挑战Our school challenged the local champion team to a football match.character （事物的）性质，特质The furniture in Tom’s apartment was pretentious andwithout character.charge 要（价），收（费）The airlines charge half price for students.charm 魅力，魔力This thriving resort town has retained its village charm.chase 追逐，追求The police chased the escaping thief and caught him at last.check 使突然停止，制止check one’s stepscherish 珍爱，珍视cherish one’s native landchew 嚼，咀嚼He chewed a mouthful of meat.choke 窒息，噎住be choked by smokechorus 合唱队chronic （疾病）慢性的，（人）久病的chronic indigestionclarity 澄清，阐明clarify an issuecling 粘着The frightened child clung to her mother.clumsy 笨拙的 a clumsy boycluster （果实，花等的）串，束，簇; (人或物)的群，组 a cluster of touristsclutch 紧抓，紧握clutch at an opportunitycoherent 一致的，协调的lack coherent political goalscoin 硬币，钱币，金属货币 a silver coincoincide 相符，相一致100 Centigrade coincides with 212 Fahrenheit.collaborate （尤指在文艺、科学等方面）合作，协作He and I collaborated in writing plays. collapse 倒坍，崩溃，瓦解The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow.collide 碰撞，互撞The car collided with the truck.come 来，来到Will you come to the dance tonight?commemorate 纪念，庆祝commemorate a holidaycommend 表扬，称赞commend a soldier for braverycompact 紧密的，坚实的 a compact piece of luggagecompare 比较，对照(with, to) compare the body to a finely tuned machinecompatible 能和睦相处的，合的来的You should choose a roommate more compatible toyour tastes.compile 汇编，编制compile an anthology of poemscomply 遵从，顺从，服从comply with rules(safety regulations)compose 组成，构成England, Scotland, and Wales compose the island of Great Britain. compress 压缩He compresses a lifetime as a soldier into a few sentencescomprise 包含，包括The shipyard comprises three docks.compromise 妥协，折衷compromise over the hard-fought next.compulsory 必须做的，义务的 a compulsory subjectconceal 隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽He concealed his disappointment from his friends.conceive 构想出，设想conceive an ideaconcentrate 集中，专心conce ntrate one’s attentioncondemn 谴责We all condemn cruelty to children.condense （使）压缩，（使）凝结，使简洁condense a speech to halfconfer 商谈，商议confer with sb. Over (on, about, concerning) sth.confess 坦白，供认，承认，忏悔confess one’s crimeconfidence 信任break sb.’s confidenceconfine 限制，使局限They succeeded in confining the fire to a small area.confirm 证实，肯定confirm a rumourconflict （尤指长期的）战争，战斗The conflict between Greece and Troy lasted ten years. conform 遵照，适应confirm to(或with) the rules(the law)confront （使）面临，（使）遭遇The war confronted him with hardships.confuse 使混乱，混淆He confused the arrangements by arriving late.connect 连接，连接The bridge connects the island with(或to) the mainland.conscious 意识到的，自觉地They were conscious that he disapproved.consent 同意，赞同，准许The people will never consent to another war.conserve 保护，保藏，保存conserve natural resourcesconsider 考虑，细想Consider carefully before doing anything.consist 组成，构成(of) The house consists of six rooms.consolidate 巩固，加强consolidate on e’s positionconspicuous 显眼的，明显的，引人瞩目的He felt as conspicuous as if he had stood on astage.constant 经常的，不断的 a constant noiseconstitute 组成，构成constitute a threat to sb.consult 请教，与......商量consult a doctor about one’s illnessconsume 消费,花费: cons ume much of one’s time in readingcontact 接触,联系,交往: be in contact with sbcontain 包括,容纳, a list containing twelve itemscontaminate弄脏,污染,玷污,毒害: Fumes contaminate the aircontempt轻视,轻蔑:show a contempt for sbcontest竞赛,比赛,竞争:the contest between the two powers for the control of the region contract合同,契约:enter into(make)a contact withcontradict反驳,同….相矛盾,同….相抵触:The facts contradict his theorycontrary相反的,对抗的:take the contrary viewcontrast对照,对比,(对比之下显出的)差异:the contrast between the two forms of government contribute捐(款等),捐献:He contributed 5dollars to the charity every paydaycontrive设计,想出:contrive a new methodcontroversy(尤之以文字形式进行的争论),辨证:a point of controversyconvention(正式)会议,(定期)大会:draft a new constitution at a conventionconvert转变,转化:convert coal to (into) pipeline gasconvey运送,输送,传送:a wire conveys an electric currentconvict(经审讯)证明…有罪,宣判…有罪:He was convicted of smugglingcoordinate调节,协调:coordinate the functions of government agenciescordial热情友好的,热诚的,真心的:a cordial hello(smile, invitation)correspond相符合相称(to,with):Fulfillment seldom corresponds to anticipation correspondent通信者,通讯员,记者:a good(bad)correspondentcorresponding符合的,一致的:corresponding fingerprintscorrode(渐渐)损害,(一点一点地)损伤:Bribery corrodes the confidence that must exist betweenbuyer and sellercorrupt堕落的,腐败的,贪赃舞弊的:lead a corrupt lifecount数,计算: count the moneycourse课程,科目:an English coursecourtesy 谦恭有礼。

2012真题词汇

2012 12 （3）Conclusiveadj确定的;毫无疑问的;不容置疑的Conclusive evidence shows that something is certainly true.Her attorneys claim there is no conclusive evidence that any murders took place...她的律师声称并无确凿证据表明发生了谋杀。

Research on the matter is far from conclusive.对这一问题的研究还远远没有定论。

Switch on打开,开启(电灯等) If you switch on a light or other electrical device, you make it start working by operating a switch.She emptied both their mugs and switched on the electric kettle...她把他们俩的杯子倒空，烧上了电水壶。

2012 12 (1)Take a cue from懂得别人的暗示，按别人的指点行事Trading Wednesday will likely take a cue from what the President says.周三的交易很可能将受到总统演讲内容的影响。

SpecifyV 明确说明;具体指定If you specify something, you give information about what is required or should happen in a certain situation.He has not specified what action he would like them to take.他尚未明确说明自己希望他们采取什么样的行动。

Job turnover 人员更替termination 解雇land a job 找工作PersistenceN-毅力；锲而不舍If you have persistence, you continue to do something even though it is difficult or other people are against it.Skill comes only with practice, patience and persistence...只有不断练习，有耐心有毅力，才能学会一门技艺。

考研英语真题单词-2012(英一)

2012（一）完形 - 法官伦理理Part1 单词1、justices n.法官judiciary n.司法部⻔门judgment n.评判2、instance n.事例例3、lest 以恐；引出产⽣生某种感情的原因eg. She was afraid lest she had revealed too much. 她担⼼心她泄露露的太多了了。

4、restore v.恢复5、compromise v.违背；达不不到；使遭受危险6、advance v.促进，推进；发展，提出(⽅方案）7、prone n.可能性；有不不好事情的趋向8、envision v.设想9、provided 只要，在...条件下10、though 让步，使语⽓气变弱11、confirm v.证实，确认；加强，巩固12、cultivate v.结交，获得；培养，耕作13、frame n.框架framer n.制定者14、division n.部⻔门，分歧15、convention n.习俗；惯例例16、dismiss v.对...不不屑⼀一顾17、standalone a.独⽴立的18、inescapably ad.不不可避免地19、suppress v.镇压、压制；（贬义）阻⽌止，抑制发展20、exploit v.利利⽤用⼈人或事为⾃自⼰己谋私利利剥削；开发；利利⽤用21、amiable a.和蔼可亲的；亲切友好的Part2 短语1、the rule of law 法治2、be bind by ... 受（准则、协议等）约束bind ~ bound3、at the very least ⾄至少，起码4、dismiss A as B 补充对A的具体看法B的感情⾊色彩与dismiss⼀一致5、agreeable to sb. 对某⼈人来说，某事可以接受6、sth. is accessible to sb. 某事对某⼈人是可以达到的，接近的7、by all means 尽⼀一切⽅方法，务必Text 1 - 同侪压⼒力力 Part1 单词1、whisper v.⼩小声说，⽿耳语whistle n.⼝口哨2、supply n.供给supplement n.补充3、recipe n.⻝⾷食谱recipient n.接受者4、perceptive a.敏敏锐的，有洞洞察⼒力力的5、critique n.批评6、spot-on a.准确的7、glaring a.明显的8、virtuous a.有道德的9、tactic n.⽅方法，策略略10、engineer v.[僻义]策划，设计Part2 短语1、Herd Mentality 从众⼼心理理2、group dynamics 群体互动3、take a page from 学习...= take a leaf4、general effectiveness 整体效果Text 2 - 承诺 Part1 单词1、justified a.合理理的，有正当理理由的2、recure v.得到，获取rescue v.营救3、desperate a.不不顾⼀一切的；绝望的4、vision n.视⼒力力；幻象；美景v.想象；显现5、result v.导致6、regulatory a.控制的7、precedent-setting a.开创先例例的8、pledge v.正式承诺plead v.恳求9、review v.复审10、defy v.蔑视，违抗11、withdraw v.撤回12、pilgrim n.朝圣者Part2 短语1、honor one’s own promises 履履⾏行行承诺2、renege on 背信弃义3、abide by 遵守4、a desperate effort 拼死努⼒力力5、go along 赞同，同意live by 遵守；按某原则⽣生活6、regulatory power 监管权7、beside the point ⽆无关紧要8、pledge to do 保证…Text 3 - 取信过程 Part1 单词1、abound v.⼤大量量存在2、subsequent a.随后的，后来的3、self-deception n.⾃自欺deceptiveness n.欺骗4、ambiguous a.模棱两可的ambitious a.有野⼼心的5、collect v.收集collectable a.可收集的collective a.集体的6、protoscience n.源科学proto- 词根，表示起源7、intellectual a.智⼒力力的8、credit n.荣誉9、confrontation n.对⽴立10、paradox n.悖论11、modification n.改变，修饰12、refutation n.改变，修饰13、inspire v.启发14、confirmation n.确认15、laureate n.获奖⼈人16、correspond v.相⼀一致17、revise v.修正18、accompany v.伴随Part2 短语1、full of potential 充满潜能2、intellectual credit 学术赞誉3、work one‘s way through 排除困难朝特定⽅方向前进4、Nobel Laureate 诺奖得主5、open to ... 易易受...损害的6、correspond to 相当于Text 4 - ⼯工会Part1 单词1、prime n.全盛期2、Britain n.英国3、patrol v.巡查4、backload v.回程装载5、egregiously ad.惊⼈人地6、academy n.私⽴立中学，学院7、drawn-out a.延⻓长的，持续很久的8、norm n.标准Part2 短语1、be in one’s prime 正值鼎盛期2、civil servants 公务员3、in the way of ... 在...⽅方⾯面4、go back a long way 由来已久5、work practices ⼯工作惯例例，体制，⼯工作管理理6、pay deals ⼯工资协定7、merit pay 绩效⼯工资8、get rid of bad one’s and promote good ones 优胜劣汰9、clamp down 镇压10、norms of culture ⽂文化标准新题型 - 电脑上传Part1 单词1、diabetes n.糖尿尿病2、tale n.故事3、aeroplane n.⻜飞机4、fleeting a.短暂的5、brown-paper a.⽜牛⽪皮纸的6、inheritor n.后继者，继承⼈人7、labour v.⾟辛勤勤⼯工作，努⼒力力8、press n.出版社9、visionary n.梦想家，有远⻅见的⼈人10、paintbrush n.画笔11、fabulous a.难以置信的12、superfluous a.多余的，过剩的13、tread v.踩14、celebrate v.赞美，称颂15、sculpture n.雕刻，雕塑16、advent n.出现，到来17、content a.满⾜足的n.内容18、tap n.⽔水⻰龙头19、count v.算是，看作20、constitution n.宪法constituent n.成分convention n.会议21、engender v.产⽣生，造成22、spark v.引起，导致23、mount v.登⼭山；发起24、bear v.具有，带有，显示25、format n.格式Part2 短语1、labour to 不不辞⾟辛苦...2、printing press 印刷机3、the mail carrier 邮差4、commercial agendas 商业模式5、tread with caution 步步⼩小⼼心，⾔言⾏行行谨慎6、turn around 反过来；转变，好转7、for all 虽然，尽管8、strip sb. of sth. 剥夺(头衔、财产或权⼒力力)9、move beyond 超越翻译 - 语⾔言进化 Part1 单词1、enterprise n.事业，规划2、explicatory a.解释的3、unification n.统⼀一4、generation a.⽣生成的general a.⼤大概的，⼀一般的5、equation n.等式，公式6、dimension n.范围7、universe n.领域；宇宙8、entail v.牵涉，使...成为必要9、nonetheless prep.尽管如此10、justification n.辩护，证明为正当11、bewildering a.令⼈人眼花缭乱的12、custom n.习惯；关税consume v.习惯costume n.戏服13、region n.地区religion n.宗教14、consider v.讨论15、dictate v.⼝口授；命令，⽀支配16、unfold v.展现，充分表现17、initiate v.发起，创始18、bias n.[僻]趋势Part2 短语1、universal truths 普遍真理理2、courtship rituals 示爱仪式3、in ... terms 从...⽅方⾯面来说= in terms of4、in the light of ... 根据，按照5、result from ... 由...造成6、bear out 证实7、family tree 家谱；谱系8、be independent of ... 与…⽆无关作⽂文 1 - 欢迎+建议 Part1 单词1、fulfilling a.有意义的2、boast v.有，⾃自夸eg. Local squads boast plenty of talents.译：地⽅方代表队有许多⼈人才。

2012年考研英语(二)英语大纲词汇表

accomplish vt.完成(任务等)goal n.目的，目标；得分进球，球门tendency n.趋势，倾向managerial a.经理的，管理人的；管理上的，经营上的implement vt.实现；完成；履行suboptimization n.局部最优化，次优化achievement n.完成，达到；成就，成绩multiple a.多样的，复合的n.倍数constraint n.强制；强制因素，制约条件scheme n.计划；方案vt./vi.计划，策划attain vt.达到；完成define vt.解释，给…下定义；限定，规定accompany vt.伴随，陪同；为…伴奏correctness n.正确，正确性budget n.预算vt.把…编入预算；安排，预定organizational a.组织(上)的maker n.制造者；制造商optimal a.最适宜的；最理想的precedent n.先例，前例argue vt./vi.争辨，争论，辩论；说服predict vt./vi.预言；预示slimplify vt.简化objective n.目标，目的a.客观的；无偏见的profitability n.赚钱，获得trade-off n.(对不能同时兼顾的因素)权衡；物物交speechless a.不会说话的；不说话的candidate n.候选人，候补者；应试者interviewer n.接见者；面谈者entity n.存在，实体；统一性community n.社区；共同体unintended a.非计划中的，非故意的ongoing a.进行中的，前进的to make a guess at 猜测in part 部分地，在某种程度上indifference n.冷漠；不感兴趣(to)vague a.含糊的；不明确的skilled a.熟练的；有技能的and the like 等等，诸如此类prospect n.展望，景象；［常pl.］前景，前程clarification n.澄清，阐明criticism n.批评；评论notion n.概念；想法，看法personality n.个性；人格；品格interview vt./n.面谈，采访；面试，口试correspondence n.符合，一致；通信prospective a.预期的；未来的unattractive a.无吸引力的；不引人注意的in the way 挡路；碍事point of view 观点to seek to 追求，争取day to day work 日常工作exert vt.尽(力)；施加(压力等)；行使(职权等) miniskirt n.超短裙astronomer n.天文学家photocopy vt./n.复印，影印；照相复制本to ask for 请求，向…要；寻找to turn down 拒绝；调小或调低；翻下escape vi./vt.逃跑；避免n.逃跑；逃路，出口to one's advantage 对某人有利punk n.(俚)阿飞；朋克a.颓废派的intimidate vt.恐吓，恫吓clutch vt./vi.抓住，握紧to make sure 查明，弄确实；确信grip vt./n.紧握，紧夹；掌握，控制conservative a.保存的，防腐的；保守的，守旧的to take the trouble to 不辞劳苦，费力to apply for 申请rephrase vt.重新措辞，改用别的话表示in hand 手头上有painful a.痛苦的；费力的at a disadvantage 处于不利地位inefficiency n.无效；效能差resume n.摘要，梗概；个人简历panel n.专门小组neat a.整洁的；简洁的；整齐的gravity n.严肃，认真；重要性；［物］重力convincing a.有说服力的，使人信服的galaxy n.［天］星系，［G-］银河系boundary n.分界线，边界implication n.含意，暗示；牵连，涉及，卷入constant a.永恒的，经久不变的；经常的n.常数companion n.同伴，同事；［天］伴星(=～star) neutron n.［物］中子launch vt.发射；使(船)下水n.发射，(船)下水dwarf n.矮子；［天］矮星twin a./n.双胞胎(的)［Twins］［天］双子座binary a.二，双；二进制的n.双(体)；联星speculation n.推测，猜测；投机basis n.基础，根据；主要成份；军事基地observer n.遵守者，奉行者；观察者，监视者interchangeable a.可交换的；可互换的daytime n.白天，日间observatory n.天文台；了望台collapse vt./vi./n.(使)倒塌，(使)崩溃；瓦解measurement n.衡量，测量explode vt.使爆炸vi.爆炸；突发supernova n.［天］超新星density n.密集度，稠密度；［物][化］密度shrink vt./vi./n.收缩；缩小；退缩，畏缩marble n.弹子；大理石a.大理石的，大理石般的thrilling a.令人激动的；颤动的，震颤的Star of Bethlehem 圣诞星outer a.外部的mankind n.［用作单或复］人类Milky Way 银河；银河系(=Milky Way galaxy) Albert Einstein 爱因斯坦(美籍德国理论物理学家) operate v.运转，起作用；动手术；操作；经营to research into 研究microscopic a.显微镜的；微观的；微小的，细微的speculation about 关于…猜测s concerned a.有关的；关切的，担心的largely ad.大量地；主要地astronaut n.宇航员unlikely a.未必可能的；靠不住的swallow vt.吞咽n.燕子solar a.太阳的，日光的；利用太阳光的glitter vi.闪闪发光，闪烁n.闪光whereas conj.而，却；反之revolve vi.旋转；绕转to swallow up 吞没，耗尽cloudless a.无云的，晴朗的lesser a.较小的；更少的；次要的planet n.行星White Dwarf ［天］白矮星to make use of 利用crowd n.群，人群vi.聚集，群集plateau n.(［复］plateaus或plateaux)高原as a rule 通常；一般说来weaken vt.削弱，减弱vi.变弱parliament n.议会，国会；［P-］议会whilst conj.(=while)当…时；然而；虽然，尽管above all 首先，首要debate vt./n.争论，辩论vi.对…进行争论，辩论injection n.注射；注射剂，针剂criterion n.标准，准则prosecute vt.对…起诉，告发euthanasia n.无痛楚的死亡；安乐死nationwide a.全国性的ad.在全国范围内deteriorate vt./vi.(使)恶化Dutch a.荷兰人的；荷兰语的n.荷兰人；荷兰语request vt./n.请求，要求a great many 很多lethal a.致死的tropical a.热带的；炎热的coloured a.有色的legal a.法律上的；合法的Dutchman n.(［复］Dutchmen)荷兰人religion n.宗教；宗教信仰circumstance n.［pl.］情况，环境；境遇ensure vt.保证，担保oppose vt.反对，反抗；使相对，使对抗(to)sensitive a.敏感的；灵敏的，感光的opt vi.抉择，选择(for)，在…之间选择to make request for 要求…council n.理事会；委员会healthcare n.保健burden n.负担；责任，义务vt.使负重担；麻烦tradition n.传统；惯例hospice n.(晚期病人)收容所moving a.活动的，移动的；动人的，令人感动的prohibition n.禁止；禁令be opposed to 反对elderly a.较老的，人过中年的n.近老年人consideration n.考虑；体谅，照顾disabled a.伤残的；使失去战斗力的shorten vt./vi.缩短，缩小；减少vulnerable a.易受伤的，弱小的；易受…攻击的paternalistic a.家长式统治的；家长作风的founder n.创始者；缔造者to be affected with 患有…疾病to take...into account 考虑到to debate on 关于…进行辩论need for 对…的需要individual n.个人，个体，独立单位a.个人的；个别的to open up 打开；开办，开辟，开发；坦诚地谈话conspiracy n.阴谋，密谋；阴谋集团，阴谋帮派appoint vt.任命，委任(as)；约定，指定The Netherlands 荷兰(=Holland)Wilfred van Oijen 威尔弗雷德·范·奥仁(人名)unfair a.不公平的，不公正的entry n.进入；入口；登记，条目，账目privilege n.特权vt.给予…特权Cees van Wendel de Joode 齐思·范·万德尔·德·尤德(人名) to opt out (of) 决定不参加…，决定(从…)退出Andrew Ferguson 安德鲁·福格森(人名)merit n.优点，长处；功绩，功劳senior a.年长的；大学四年级的n.年长者graduate v.(使)(大学)毕业n.大学毕业生，研究生bias n.偏见v.［常用被动语态］有偏见private a.私人的；私营的；秘密的，私下的escalator n.自动扶梯to have...at heart 对某事十分关心headmaster n.(中学或小学的)校长Cicely Saunders 茜西莉·桑德斯(人名)employment n.使用；雇佣；职业，工作profession n.职业(尤指脑力劳动或受过专业训练的) network n.［纺］网眼织物；网状物，网络leading a.领导的，指引的；最重要的，主要的publish vt.出版，刊印；公布，发表old-boy n.老同学；(招呼用)老朋友，老弟，老兄prime a.最初的，基本的；主要的；最好的fiercely ad.凶猛地，凶残地；猛烈地on average 平均vision n.想像力，幻觉；视力，视觉；眼光elitist n.杰出人物a.杰出人物(统治论)的ivy n.常青藤applicant n.申请人，请求者to blame...for 为…责备某人remedial a.治疗的，治疗上用的；补救的elite n.精英，杰出人物a.杰出的，精英的excellence n.优秀，杰出classless a.无阶级的；不属于任何阶级的to amount to 达到，总计；相当于，等于by nature 生来，天生，就其本性而言competitive a.竞争的，比赛的academic a.学院的，学会的；学术的equivalent a.相等的；等价的n.等价(物)；对应词additional a.附加的，追加的；另外的be worth doing 值得做…abolish vt.废除(法律，习惯等)；取消entrance n.进入；入口，门口；入场，入会，入学performance n.执行；表现，工作性能；演出，演奏recruit vt./vi.征募(新兵)，吸收；补充n.新成员replicate vt.重复；复制accessible a.易接近的；易受影响的(to)；可理解的Clare Bolderson 克莱尔·博尔德森(人名)folk n.人们；［口］家属，亲属a.民间的Don Claxton 唐·克莱克斯顿(人名)punishment n.处罚，罚，刑罚；折磨，损害disaffection n.不满inhumane a.不人道的，残忍的civil a.国民的，民用的；国内的，民间的union n.工会，协会；结合，联合distinct a.与其他不同的，独特的；明显的musician n.音乐家；作曲家rock'n'roll n.摇滚乐，摇滚舞musically ad.在音乐方面；好听地；悦耳地blues n.布鲁斯；慢四步舞liberty n.自由，自由权；冒昧，失礼；特许权，特权rhythmic a.有韵律的；有节奏的transformation n.变化，转化；改造，改革Alvin Bronstein 阿尔文·布朗斯坦(人名)Alabama 阿拉巴马(美国州名)to call up 打电话；使想起，使忆起to watch over 看守，照管，监视argument n.争论，辩论；论据，理由Huntsville 亨茨维尔(城市名，位于阿拉巴马州北部) Georgia 佐治亚(美国州名)Arkansas 阿肯色(美国州名)in unison 完全一致地deny vt.否定，否认；拒绝接受，拒绝给予toilet n.盥洗室；厕所eyewitness n.目击者；见证人United Kingdom 联合王国weed n.杂草，野草vt.除草，拔草ditch n.沟，沟渠vt./vi.开渠；筑渠circus n.马戏团，杂技团；马戏场，杂技场interstate a.［主美］州际的unison n.一致；协调gap n.裂口，裂缝racial a.种族的racist n.种族主义者a.种族主义的；种族歧视的shackle n.［常pl.］镣铐；［pl.］束缚，枷锁Singapore 新加坡岛；新加坡；新加坡市spokesman n.发言人；代言人plantation n.种植园，大农场；植树造林BBC 英国广播公司correspondent n.对应物；新闻通讯员，记者，通信者gang n.一队，一族；一群，一帮The Philippines 菲律宾(国)；菲律宾群岛re-introduction n.重新采用，重新引入Lydia Garcia 莉迪亚·加西亚(人名)Kumari 库马里(人名)Sri Lanka 斯里兰卡degrade vt.降级，贬低；堕落；退化concession n.让步；特许权；租界，租界地immigration n.移居；外来的移民to convict...of 证明…有罪，宣判…有罪breadwinner n.养家糊口的人to bring over 把…带来；使转变be deserving of 值得；应得be supposed to 应该shelf n.(壁橱，书橱内)搁板；架子deserving a.应得的，值得的(of)immigrant a.移民的，侨民的n.移民，侨民kingdom n.王国；领域Filipino n.菲律宾人(语) a.菲律宾人的；菲律宾的convict vt.证明…有罪(of)；宣判n.罪犯execute vt.实行，执行，完成，贯彻；将…处死foreigner n.外国人Saudi n.沙特阿拉伯人a.沙特阿拉伯(人或语)的leaflet n.小叶，嫩叶；传单，活页maid n.少女；侍女，女仆incidence n.影响程度，影响范围；发生率despite prep.尽管，任凭deport vt.驱逐出境employee n.雇员，雇工status n.情形，状况；地位，身份minimum n.最小量；最低限度a.最小的；最低的guilt n.有罪；内疚Stanford (美国)斯坦福大学Walter Ellis 沃尔特·埃利斯(人名)Oxford 牛津；牛津大学passport n.护照Oxbridge 牛津大学和剑桥大学；该校之学生Harvard (美国)哈佛大学Cambridge 剑桥；剑桥大学domestic adj.家庭的，家务的；国内的n.家仆，佣人sexually ad.在性方面Briton n.大不列颠人；英国人abuse vt./n.滥用，妄用；虐待，凌辱John Rae 约翰·雷(人名)diplomat a.外交家；外交官statistics n.统计数字，统计资料；［用作单］统计学exploit vt.开发，开采；利用；剥削abroad ad.到国外；在国外Princeton (美国)普林斯顿大学lvy League 常春藤联合会；名牌大学的Yale (美国)耶鲁大学campaign n.战役；运动v.参加运动，参加竞选活动Berkeley 伯克利；加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校Westminster 威斯敏斯特France 法兰西，法国John Major 约翰·梅杰(前英国首相)slavery n.奴隶制度，奴役；奴隶身份eclecticism n.折衷主义imitator n.模仿者guitar n.六弦琴，吉他jazz n.爵士乐Negro n.黑人a.黑人的amplifier n.放大器electronics n.［复］［用作单］电子学electronic a.电子的youthful a.反战的readily ad.乐意地；很快地，容易地sentiment n.感情，情绪；感伤lighting n.照明，照明设备studio n.工作室；播音室，演播室；电影制片厂originate vi./vt.发源；发生，发起synthesis n.结合，合成consciousness n.意识，知觉；觉悟instrument n.仪器；乐器passive a.被动的；消极的participant n.参加者a.参与的limitless a.无限制的，无限的ballroom n.舞厅spontaneous a.自发的，本能的，自动的；出自自然的penetrating a.穿透的，贯穿的；深刻的，透彻的thereby ad.由此，从而multimedia a.多种手段的；多媒体的n.多媒体to take on 具有；担任(工作等)；雇佣thematic a.题目的，主题的；主旋律的symphony n.交响曲，交响乐；交响乐队，交响音乐会fruitful a.有成果的，有收获的Bob Dylan 鲍伯·狄伦traditionalist n.传统主义者；因循守旧者painstaking a.苦干的；费力的to take over 接管，接任；把…从一处运到另一处invariably ad.不变地San Francisco 旧金山(或称三藩市)inspire vt.鼓舞；使产生灵感creative a.创造性的Beatle ［the Beatles］披头士摇滚乐队preliminary a.预备的；初步的n.初试；预赛conception n.概念，观念improvise vt.即兴创作；临时准备，临时凑成output n.产量；输出Jefferson Airplane 杰弗逊飞机(美国摇滚乐队名) handle n.柄，把手vt.运用，操纵；经营，管理notebook n.笔记本composer n.作曲家theme n.题目，主题；主旋律to take place 发生well-established a.固定下来的；得到确认的constructive a.建设的，建设性的conventional a.惯例的，常规的；(艺术等)因袭的at a stretch 连续不断地for the sake of 为了…之好处；为了…的目的diversified a.多样化的sonority n.响亮，洪亮in advance 在前面；预先to serve as 适合Palestrina 帕莱斯特里纳(意大利作曲家)temper vt.［治］使回火，锻炼；调合clavichord n.(音)击弦古钢琴in a sense 在某种意义上Hugo Wolf 沃尔夫(奥地利作曲家)experimental a.实验的；经验的sake n.缘故summarize vt./vi.概述，总结to belong in 应归入(类别、范畴等)Franz Schubert 舒伯特(奥地利作曲家)in other words 换句话说Beethoven 贝多芬(德国作曲家)completeness n.完整，圆满；完成，结束well(-)tempered 脾气好的；(键盘乐器)调到平均律的It goes without saying that 不言而喻，理所当然evident a.明显的，明白的mold n.(=mould)模子；模型vt.用模子做，浇铸harmony n.协调，和谐；融洽，一致automotive a.自动的，机动的；汽车的increasingly ad.不断增加地calculator n.计算者；计算器reduction n.减少，减小；降级，降职；归纳，归并frame n.构架，框架expose vt.使暴露，使面临；揭露，揭发appliance n.应用，适用；用具，器械Edgar Varese 瓦雷兹(法裔美国作曲家)Debussy 德彪西(法国作曲家)Moussorgsky 穆索尔斯基(俄国作曲家)robotics n.机器人学，机器人技术robot n.机器人；自动控制装置spray n.水花；喷雾vt.喷；喷涂vi.喷；溅散efficiency n.效率；功效，效能，实力prevalent a.流行的，普通的cast vt.投，扔；投射；铸造n.投，掷；模具weld vt./n.焊接radiation n.放射，发光；放射物，辐射线，辐射能personnel n.全体人员，全体职员；人事(部门)Well Tempered Clavichord (巴赫)《平均律钢琴曲集》Gesualdo 杰苏阿尔多(意大利作曲家)Bach 巴赫(德国作曲家)radioactive a.［原］放射性的；放射引起的install vt.安装Berlioz 柏辽兹(法国作曲家，指挥家及音乐评论家) in between 在中间；每间隔；在…期间shade n.荫，阴影vt.遮蔽，遮光fireman n.消防队员light-sensitive a.光敏的in question 正被谈论的critical a.批评(性)的；紧要的，关键性的，危急的digital a.手指的，指状的；数字的，计数的housekeeper n.管理家务的主妇；女管家plenty of 大量的；丰富的specific a.特有的，特定的；具体的，明确的to expose to 暴露；面临；曝露brightness n.明亮，晴朗；聪敏，机灵automatic a.自动的；无意识的，机械的grayscale 灰度attendant n.侍者，服务员；出席者assemble vt.集合；装配vi.集合calculation n.计算，计算结果；仔细考虑camera n.照相机，摄影机reprogramme v.再次(重新)设定程序in that 在于，原因是scale n.刻度，表度；规模；比例(尺)；天平switch n.开关，转换器v.转换；接通或切断…电流defective a.有缺点的；有缺陷的intensity n.强烈，剧烈completion n.完成，结束；完满reliability n.可靠性forecast vt.预测，预报；预示speculate vi.思索；推测vt.投机；思索，推测radon n.氡fault n.缺点，毛病；错误，过失；［地］断层subside vi.沉淀；沉降；平静下来，平息，减退arthquake n.地震on the alert 警戒，处于戒备状态seismic a.地震precede vt.先于…，比…优先vi.在前面，领先giant n.巨人；巨物，巨大的动物a.巨大的to set up 设立，建立；建立，提出Guatemala 危地马拉radium n.镭datum n.(［复］data)资料，材料；数据Chile 智利up-to-date a.最新的，现代化的；直至目前的earning n.警告；警报a.警告的eastern a.东方的，东部的；向东方的，来自东方的to work on 从事…；对…有影响partial a.偏袒的，偏心的，对…偏袒；部分的underground a.地下的；秘密的ad.在地下；隐蔽地shift vt./vi.替换；转移n.转换，转移；轮班decay vi./vt.(使)腐朽，腐烂；衰变n.腐烂；衰败analyze vt.分析occupation n.占领；占有；职业satisfaction n.满意，满足recognition n.认出；承认，公认positive a.确实的；积极的，肯定的；正的，阳性的Garm 加尔姆(俄国城市)underlie vt.支撑；构成(理论，政策，行为等)的基础stressful a.紧张的，压力重的renewal n.更新；重新开始impart vt.把…分给；给予(to)attach vt.固定住，系；附加，隶属；使喜爱Charles Richter 查尔斯·里克特leadership n.领导；［总称］领导人员Haicheng 海城(中国辽宁省城市)urban a.城市的，都市的research n.研究，调查vi.调查，研究loom vi.隐隐呈现；逼近portray vt.描绘；描写；描述possession n.有，拥有；［常pl.］占有物；财产relaxation n.松弛，放松；缓和，减轻；休养California 加利福尼亚(美国州名)San Andreas fault (美)圣安德烈亚斯断层relevant a.贴切的，中肯的；与…有关的(to) desirable a.称心的，合意的，理想的acquire vt.获得，得到motivate vt.作为…的动机，激发overestimate vt.过高估计；过高评价elusive a.躲避的；难以捉摸的，难以理解的wayside n.路边a.路边的be concerned with 关于，涉及；忙于…；关心，关切oversupply vt./n.过多供应tricky a.狡猾的，耍花招的；难以处理的adjustment n.调整flexible a.柔韧的，柔顺的；可变通的，灵活的attainment n.达到，到达；［常pl.］成就，造诣slip vi.滑动，滑过；溜，溜走vt.使滑动realistic a.现实的，实际的；现实主义的underestimate vt.低估；看轻weekly a.每周的ad.每周(一次) n.周刊，周报to put...to use 使用；利用to attach importance to 认为…很重要participation n.参加，参与to take to 开始从事；养成…的习惯；培养对…的爱好project n.设计，规划；项目vt.方案，计划；投射be relevant to 与…有关quicksand n.流沙readjustment n.再整理，再调整on the part of 就…而言appointment n.任命；约会communicator n.传播者，传播工作者to set...as objective 把…作为目标to hang up 把…挂起来；挂断(电话)；延迟，拖延lag vi.走得慢，落后n.落后，滞后freshman n.新手，生手；大学一年级学生to look ahead to 向前看；展望未来routine n.日常工作a.日常的；例行的；常规的deem vt.认为，相信jet n.喷射；喷嘴；喷气式飞机，喷气发动机inflexible a.不可弯曲的；不可改变的，固执的flight n.飞行，飞翔；航班，班机；逃跑，溃退physiological a.生理的，生理学的kid vt./vi./n.戏弄，开玩笑；欺骗，哄骗up to date 最新的，新式的；切合目前情况的to allocate...for 分配给…；配给regulatory a.规章的；调节的assignment n.分配，委派；任务，(课外)作业crash a.紧急的，速成的to fall by the wayside 半途而废，中途退出to work out 作出；制定出to kid...into doing 欺骗…去做…temptation n.引诱，诱惑faithfully ad.忠诚地；如实地to throw off 扔掉；摆脱adjust vt.调整，调节；校准to stick with 坚持；继续emergency n.紧急情况；突发事件reset vt./n.重新安排，重调sweat n.汗vi.出汗vt.使出汗regulate vt./n.管理；调节external a.外在的，在外的discrepancy n.差异；不一致internal a.内部的，内在的；国内的periodicity n.周期性，间发性excretion n.排泄；分泌hormonal a.荷尔蒙的，激素的palm n.手掌instantaneously ad.瞬间地；即刻地rhythm n.韵律，格律；节奏transport vt.运输n.运输mechanism n.［机］机构，机制；作用过程timer n.计时员，定时器destination n.目的地，终点timing n.时间的选择；计时，定时secretary n.秘书；书记；部长，大臣cortisol n.［生］皮质(甾)醇alarm n.警报；惊恐vt.向…报警；打扰suprachiasmatic a.超(染色体)交叉的negotiation n.谈判，协商bodily a.身体的，肉体的proceeding n.程序，进程；项目，活动，会议文集overcome vt.战胜；克服Vichy 维希(法国中部城市)expectation n.期待；估计寿命unlovable a.不可爱的；不讨人喜爱的resistance to 对…的阻力upwards ad.向上；趋向上升Sweden 瑞典to approximate to 与…接近wealthy a.富裕的；丰富的infant n.婴儿，幼儿a.婴儿的，幼儿的lovable a.可爱的，讨人喜欢的esteem vt./n.尊敬，尊重Austria 奥地利parenting n.父母对孩子的养育Northern 北爱尔兰revision n.修订，修改to the fore 在前面，到前面；在显著地位manageable a.易管理的slippery a.滑的；圆滑的lengthen vt.使延长vi.变长，延伸neglect vt.忽视，忽略；疏忽n.忽略；疏忽cope vi.对付，妥善处理(with)continued a.继续的，连续的demographer n.人口学家tone n.音调，音色；腔调，语气；声调，语调Wales 威尔士acknowledge vt.承认；表示感谢paradox n.似非而可能是的论点；自相矛盾的话classify vt.把…分类，把…分等级；把…列为proportion n.比率，比例vt.使成比例，使相称to fall apart 四分五裂；崩溃experiential a.经验的；凭经验的resettlement n.重新定居，重新安置appreciation n.欣赏，鉴赏；正确评价；感激，感谢salient a.突出的，凸起的；显著的birthrate n.出生率liability n.责任，义务；债务，负债；不利条件alter vt./vi.改变，改动dependency n.从属；依赖(on)gathering n.聚集；集会advantageous a.有利的，有助的inactive a.不活动的；不活跃的be true of 符合于…，对…适用to date 到目前为止fore ad.在前面a.先前的；在前部的n.前部aged a.年老的，老的elsewhere ad.在别处；向别处northwestern a.在西北的，向西北的；来自西北的approximate a.近似的，大约的v.近似，接近；使接近demography n.人口统计学to attend to 专心；注意；照顾pharmacological a.药物学的，药理学的as fresh as paint 精神饱满John Foster Dulles 杜勒斯(美国国务卿)now that (连词)既然，由于to leave...alone 不管，不理；听其自然assumption n.假定，设想；承担，采取to advantage 有利地，有效地fluctuation n.波动，起伏promote vt.促进，发扬；提升，升级；发起，创办mid-afternoon a.下午三点左右的feasible a.可行的，可能的span n.指距，跨距；一段时间neutral a.中立的；中性的White House 白宫(美国总统官邸)，美国政府in time 及时；终于Guam 关岛(美国在西太平洋的重要海、空军基地) synchronize vi.同时发生，同步vt.使同步Washington D.C. 华盛顿(市)［美国首都］effect on 对…的作用wakefulness n.觉醒，不眠Aswan Dam 阿斯旺水坝Johnson 约翰逊(美国第36任总统)fluctuate vi.波动，起伏；动摇vt.使波动，使起伏out of step 步伐不一致；不协调to blame...on 把…归咎于focal n.焦点的contrary a.相反的，相对的，与…相反(to)illusion n.错觉；幻觉illustration n.说明；例证，插图infrequent a.很少发生的inefficient a.无效的；效率低的mislead vt.把…带错路，使…错或做错distraction n.精神涣散，精神不集中；消遣，娱乐retention n.保持；保留finance n.财政，金融；经费，资金distract vt.分散(注意，心思等)；使人分心appreciate vt.欣赏，鉴赏；正确评价，鉴别；感激duration n.持续；持续时间trick n.诡计；恶作剧moderate a.中等的，适度的；温和的，有节制的hinder vt.阻止；妨碍(from)exceptional a.例外的；异常的，特殊的distractor n.分散注意力的东西motivation n.动机；动力remedy n.治疗；补救(法) vt.治疗，补救adversely ad.相反地；不利地，有害地typical a.典型的，代表性的fade vi.凋谢，枯萎；(颜色)褪去vt.使褪色productivity n.生产率；丰饶，多产fearful a.可怕的，吓人的；害怕的，胆怯的monopoly n.垄断；专卖statistically ad.在统计方面to break up 打碎；结束；驱散；散开；分解foolproof a.连傻子都懂的；不会出毛病的overturn vt./n.打翻；推翻，颠覆，毁灭vi.翻身in the running 参赛，参加竞选automatically ad.自动地；习惯性地competitor n.竞争者；对手temporarily ad.暂时地，临时地monopolize v.垄断；专卖transfer vt./vi.转移；改变n.转移，传输，变换moderation n.温和，适度；缓和，减轻to carry on 经营，进行；继续to come into power 上台；开始掌权majority n.多数，大半；多数党，多数派opposition n.反对，反抗；对立，意见相反dominant a.占优势的；支配的peaceful a.平静的，安宁的；和平的，和平方式的running n.跑，赛跑；竞选out of power 丧失权力anaesthetics n.麻醉学in favour of 赞成，支持；为…的利益，有利于in power 掌权的，执政的inevitable a.不可避免的，必然(发生)的legislation n.立法；法律，法规rivalry n.竞争；对抗inevitably ad.不可避免地，必然地impact on 对…之影响James Carville 詹姆斯·卡维尔congressman n.(［复］congressmen) (美)国会议员George McGovern 乔治·麦戈文Ohio 俄亥俄州(美国州名)assault n.攻击，袭击；(军)冲击，突击，强击Warren Harding 沃伦·哈定George Bush 乔治·布什collectively ad.总体地；集体地nominate vt.提名；任命；命名Jimmy Carter 吉米·卡特Ross Perot 罗斯·佩罗George Wallace 乔治·华莱士parliamentary a.议会的，国会的Clinton 比尔·克林顿(Bill Clinton)electorate n.全体选民；选区Ronald Reagan 罗纳德·里根Little Rock 小石城(美国阿肯色州首府)dominance n.优势，控制，统治contest n.竞争，比赛；争夺，竞争；争论，争辩John Anderson 约翰·安德森District of Columbia (美) (D.C.)哥伦比亚特区dozen n.一打，十二个；十来个，十几个poll n.选举；民意测验vt.得到选票vi.投票electoral a.选举的to identify...as 把…看成impact n.冲击，碰撞；影响vt.装紧，压紧decline vi.下降；衰退vt.拒绝n.下降；衰落provision n.供应，供应品；条款，规定；给养rating n.等级，规格；(电视)收视率voter n.选举人，投票人constitutional a.宪法上规定的；组成的，构成的representative n.代表，代表人a.典型的，有代表性的presidency n.总统(或校长)职务(职权，任期)；管辖headquarters n.司令部，指挥部；总部，总店pursue vt.追赶；追求，寻求；进行，从事congress n.国会，议会；参议院，上院strategically ad.战略上地，颇具策略地House n.［英］议院stir vt.搅拌；激起vi.走动；活动n.惊动strategy n.战略；策略district n.区，行政区；地区，区域strategist n.战略家economy n.经济；节约overwhelming a.压倒之势的democrat n.民主主义者，民主人士；民主党党员representation n.描写，表现；代表，代理to stand no chance 没有可能；没有希望vote n.选举，投票；票，选票vi.投票，选举withdraw vt.收回，提取；撤退vi.撤退；退缩reinforcement n.增强，加固；强化loyalty n.忠诚；忠心to take advantage of 利用；占…便宜crisis n.危机；决定性时刻tangible a.可触摸的，可感知的；确实的，真实的fold vt./vi.折叠；对折n.褶(痕)republican a.共和国的；共和党的n.共和党党员outcome n.结果，结局；出路，出口to cope with 对付；处理election n.选举；选举权no other...than 除…外没有，只有；正是，就是worthless a.无价值的，无用的；不足道的，不可取的appropriate a.适合的，恰当的，相宜的to act out 将…表演出来；(用行动)表示出来inconsiderate a.不替别人考虑的；不体谅人的nomination n.提名；任命attribute n.属性，特征；vt.把…归因与(to) presidential a.总统(校长)的；总统(校长)职务的democratic a.民主的，民主主义的nominee n.被提名者；被任命者ultimately ad.最后，最终地certainty n.一定；必定winner n.获胜者，优胜者；成功者misleading a.引入歧途的；使人误解的dose n.(一次)剂量thalidomide n.［药］萨立多胺cell n.细胞；小房间，单人牢房replace vt.把…放回(原处)；更换，以…替代tube n.管；电子管，真空管；［英］地铁suitable a.合适的；适当的irresponsible a.无责任感的，不负责任的vaccine n.牛痘苗；疫苗a.牛痘的；疫苗的replacement n.复位，复职；替换，代替eventual a.最后的，结局的irrelevant a.不相干的，离题的，与…不相干developmental a.发展的，开发的；促使成长的partly ad.部分地；在一定程度上rabbit n.兔biomedical a.生物医学的refinement n.精炼，精制unethical a.不合伦理的；不合道德的disorder n.混乱；失调，紊乱vt.使混乱；使失调simulate vt.假装，冒充；模仿，模拟ethics n.伦理学；伦理观，道德标准toxicity n.毒性polio n.［医］脊髓灰质炎，小儿麻痹症undergo vt.经历，经受；忍受diabetes n.糖尿病reproduce vt.繁殖；再生产；复制；再现，重现be central to 对…极为重要的to do experiment on 用…做实验to aim for 瞄准；以…为目标David Morton 大卫·莫顿(人名)to sacrifice to 向…献祭；为…而牺牲；为…而失去to test on 对…进行试验Colin Blackmore 科林·布莱克默(人名) Birmingham 伯明翰(英格兰中部城市)be irrelevant to 与…不相干；不切题humanity n.个性，博爱，仁慈；人类negative a.否定的；负的，阴性的n.底片；负数refine vt./vi.提纯，精制；使改进，变优雅literal a.精确的，如实的；逐字的，字面的going n.进行状况a.进行中的；现行的regeneration n.新生，再生，复兴remark vt./vi.说，评论，议论n.评论，看法delightful a.令人高兴的；讨人喜欢的pet n.宠物，爱畜a.宠爱的，表示亲昵的to do research into 进行…的研究paralyse vt.使麻痹，使瘫痪；使无力，使气馁regrow vt.再生长，重新生长coming a.正在到来的，即将来到的n.来到，到达litter n.干草；杂乱无章；一窝(仔畜) vt.铺草touching a.动人的，使人感伤的prevail vi.胜过；流行，盛行unreasonable a.不讲道理的；不合情理的，过度的individualistic a.个人主义(者)的contemplate vt.注视，凝视；沉思afflict vt.使苦恼，折磨starve vi.饿死；挨饿；极需，渴望vt.使挨饿grant vt.同意；准予n.同意，授予；拨款imperative a.绝对必要的；命令的，强制的；祈使的sustain vt.支撑，承受住；供养，维持stricken a.被打中的，被击伤的；受灾的，受侵袭的to bring out 使显现，显示；生产，使产生to take...for granted 认为真实；视为当然to attach...to 使…与…相关，把…附加到deficiency n.缺乏，不足relief n.(痛苦，压迫等)减轻，宽慰；救济deprive vt.夺去，剥夺；使失去(of)ownership n.拥有；所有权，所有制plea n.请求，恳求；托词contented a.满足的，满意的donation n.捐献；赠送goings and comings 来往；活动，发生的事kwashiorkor n.［医］恶性营养不良症serene a.安详的；宁静的starvation n.饥饿；饿死devotion n.献身，忠诚to break in on (upon) 打扰；打断，闯进spur vt.激励，鞭策n.踢马刺；刺激，激励，鼓舞confront vt.面对，遭遇；正视，对抗at ease 自在的，舒适的sensitivity n.敏感性；灵敏度maladjustment n.失调；不适应环境waylay vt.伏击；拦住…问讯intellectual n.知识分子a.智力的，理智的inner a.内部的，里面的；思想的n.内部；里面compensatory a.赔偿的，补偿的not (never) for a moment 通常；多半not that... 并不是说initial a.最初的，开始的；词首的n.首字母to seize hold of 抓住；占有daydream vi./n.白日做梦habitual a.习惯性的，习以为常的；惯常的inventor n.发明者，创造者detail n.细节，详情vt.详述，详细说明to feel bitter at 对…怀恨to plea for 恳求；请求muse vt./vi./n.沉思，冥想enhance vt.提高；增强equilibrium n.平衡，均衡，相称；均势；平静symptom n.症状，征兆painter n.漆工；画家to substitute...for 用…代替…to put off 延期；消除trace n.痕迹，踪迹；微量，少许vt.跟踪，查找well-being n.健康；福利，幸福dreamlike a.梦一般的，梦幻的。

2012年考研英语真题词汇

2012年考研英语真题词汇mindless 愚笨的，盲目的，无谓的tear…away from sth 使依依不舍地离开，忍痛离去brutal 残忍的，野蛮的rebel 反叛，反抗bear 承受，忍受（负担）commodity 商品article 物件，物品turn over 移交，交托；仔细考虑pass down 继承，遗传personality 性格，个性portray 描绘，扮演（某角色）colony 殖民地，群体patrol 巡逻，巡查commute 上下班往返，经常往返（于两地）parallel 与…相似，与…并行counteract 抵消，中和from the outset 从开始时scorn 蔑视，鄙视revise 改变，修正ritual 惯例，老规矩，例行公事，仪式impoverish 贫困的chaotic 混乱的implication 含义，暗示on one’s own 独立做某事flat 固定的across-the-board 一刀切的thorny 棘手的put on hold 搁置，暂缓实施pervasive 普遍的，无处不在的intrinsically 从本质上（讲）fuse 使熔合be obsessed with 痴迷于…be pervasive in 充斥于…nursery 育儿室，托儿所pastel （色彩）淡的，柔和的toddler 幼童counsel 建议agitated 紧张不安的，焦虑的preliminary 初步的，预备的overturn 使倾覆，打翻monopoly 垄断者，垄断企业file 提出，提交，发表file a brief 提交案情提要the Supreme Court 最高法院file a patent for 就…提交专利申请convention 会议，惯例，习俗coach sb on sth 对某人就某事进行培训prudent 明智谨慎的，节俭的，精明的reckless 轻率的，鲁莽的，不顾后果的find silver linings 寻找一线希望stagnation 经济停滞、不景气reinforce 加强，强化resentment 怨气，怨恨，不满discern 识别，看清，领域lean 不景气的，贫瘠的，精干的poll 民意调查，民意测验trivial 无关紧要的，平凡的craze 时尚，时髦，热潮exemplary 模范的，可做楷模的cunning 狡猾，狡诈ruthlessness 无情，冷酷commemorate 庆祝，纪念resolute 坚决的，坚定的steadfast 忠诚的，坚贞不渝的epochal 具有时代意义的immense 巨大的wage 发动，进行（战争，战斗）multiplicity 多样性downstairs 底层阶级upstairs 上层阶级brain drain 人才流失deprive 剥夺follow the warranty policy 履行保修协议。

考研英语一2012年真题单词

text1whisper 小声说，耳语whispered message 耳语invitation 邀请drinking 喝，喝酒drug 毒品，药drugs 毒品contend 主张，坚决认为peer pressure 同侪压力lead to no good 带不来什么好事social cure 社会治疗official 正式的；官方的; +s官员group dynamics 群体互动individual 单独的；一个人的a host of 大量host 主持人，主办，大量recipient 接受者state-sponsored 州政府资助的haze 薄雾，模糊cigarette 香烟uncool 土里土气的；没有把握的initiative 主动权recruit 招聘; 新兵in action 进行中的，正在发挥作用的set out to do sth 开始做某事HIV-prevention initiative 预防艾滋病毒的倡议promote 促进promise 诺言，答应，有希望的perceptive 敏锐的，有洞察力的observer 观察家critique 批评，评论lameness 缺陷，不足之处spot-on 准确的mobilize 调动，动员flaw 瑕疵；缺陷；plead 辩护；恳求billboard 广告牌reduce 减少；缩小convincingly 令人信服地；有说服力地ought 应该；应当advertiser 广告商；广告客户dare to do sth 敢于做某事desire nothing more than 最渴望desire 希望，渴望fit in 融入，合群take a page from sb 向某人学习apply 应用，运用skill 技能，熟练glaring 明显的a glaring flaw 明显的缺陷probe 探索，探究general effectiveness 整体效果persuasive 有说服力的；令人信服的fill with 使 ... 充满，用...装满irrelevant 无关系的；不相干的exploration 探险；探索；勘探once 一次，曾经，一旦lasting changes 持久的变化subtle 不易察觉的，微妙的exert influence on sth 对某事产生影响positive/negative health habits 积极/消极健康习惯as well as 也，还，并且via 通过subtle 微妙的；精细的unconsciously 无意识地；不知不觉地imitate 模仿bureaucrat 官员，官僚steer 引导virtuous 有道德的tactic 方法，策略engineer 策划，设计break up 拆开troublemaker 闹事者；捣蛋鬼better-behaved 表现更好classmate 同班同学the back row 后排pair A with B 将A和B配对insist on doing sth 坚持做某事supplement 补充stimulus 刺激obstacle 障碍undesirable 不受欢迎的，不良的undesirable behaviors 不良行为stay away 远离recognize 认识advertiser 广告商；广告客户advertisement 广告adequately 足够地；充分地probe 调查；查究effectively 有效地evade 逃避；躲避long-lasting 持续时间长的profound 深奥的；渊博的realize 实现，意识到without our realizing it 我们没有意识到far less certain 更难确定的desirable 有利的text2deal 交易，处理，大量，协议apparently 表面上；似乎；显然involve 包含，牵连supplier 供应者，供应商energy supplier 能源供应商provoke 激怒；惹起justified 合理的，无可厚非的outrage 义愤，愤怒announce 宣布；宣告longstanding 长时间的a longstanding commitment to 对...的一项长期承诺commitment 承诺renege on 背信弃义，食言abide 遵守abide by 遵守state 状态；国家；州strict 严格的nuclear 原子核的；原子能的；核心的regulation 管理；规章；规则precisely 精确地constitutionality 合宪性challenge 挑战，质疑challenge the constitutionality of 质疑...的合宪性desperate 不顾一切的，孤注一掷的a desperate effort 拼死努力federal court 联邦法院stun 使震惊stunning 令人震惊stunning move 惊人之举move=移动，动作as part of 作为 ... 的一部分conflict 冲突surface 浮出水面，显露bought 购买,buy的过去式reactor 反应堆condition 条件，情况agree 同意approval 赞成，批准，认可operate 工作，运转permission 许可；允许regulator 调整者；监管机构require 要求；需要extension 延长；伸展；延期license 许可证；执照subject 取决于，视...而定legislature 立法机关as a condition of 作为...的条件seek permission from 获取...的许可extension of the license 许可证延期be subject to 服从，受...支配，取决于go alone 前进，进行，同意intend 想要；打算either...or... 要么...要么live by 靠 ... 为生；住在 ... 附近，遵守，遵循foresee 预见，预知string 连成一串accident 事故；意外partial 部分的，不完全的collapse 突然倒下，倒塌leakage 渗漏，泄露pipe 管子；烟斗management 管理；管理部门statement 陈述；声明live by 遵守a string of 一连串raise 上升，引起raise questions about 引起对....的质疑enrage 激怒vote 投票，表决，选举agreement 同意；一致；协议invalid 无效的regulatory 管理的，控制的obscure 模糊不清的，不分明的，费解的whereas 然而authority 权力；官方；职权；precedent-setting 开创先例的certainly 当然patchwork 补丁keep one's words 遵守承诺beside the point 与讨论的问题无关，无关紧要的debate 辩论；讨论damage 损害；损失trust 信任station 站application 应用；申请；应用程序pledge 保证给予，正式承诺pledge to do 保证，发誓keep in mind 牢记review 复审，重新考虑defy 藐视，违抗withdraw 撤回go to war with 与...开战condemn 谴责reaffirm 重申；再确认dishonor 不名誉；羞辱secure 安全的，获得；固定obtain 获得；得到managerial 管理practice 实践，练习innovativeness 创新的；革新的vision 视力；视觉，眼光capacity 能力，容量defied 藐视；挑衅enter into 进入，参加，建立，开始agreement 同意，协议favor 赞成，支持acquire 获得，取得text3idealize （使）理想化idealized version 理想方式fact 事实frequently 频繁地；经常地ambiguous 模棱两可的；含糊不清的complicate 使复杂化；使起纠纷follow 沿着，跟随route 路线；途径escape 逃跑；逃避context 背景，环境prior 优先的；在前的influence 影响subsequent 随后的，后来的misinterpretation 误解self-deception 自欺abound 充满consequently 因此；所以deceptiveness 欺骗carry out one's work 开展工作follow a ...route 沿着...路径prior knowledge 先验知识opportunities for ...的可能性protoscience 源科学think（thought）of ... as ... 把 ... 看作是 ... stake 用桩支撑，标准collective 集体的，共同的mining 采矿similar to 与...相类似scrutiny 仔细而彻底的检查acceptance 认可；同意mature 成熟的credibility 可信，可靠inspection 检查，审查stake（out）a claim 公开声明对...拥有所有权full of potential 充满潜能transform...into... 将...转变为...intellectual 智力的credit 信用，赞扬unlike 不同的，不相似的gatekeeper 看门人；门卫suit 适合，套装，满足purpose 目的；意图finally 最后；最终as 作为，因为，当...之时interaction 相互作用，相互影响confrontation 对抗；冲突take control to 掌控act as 担任...角色accompany 陪伴的；附随的work one's way through 排除困难朝特定方向前进paradox 自相矛盾的话throughout 遍及；贯穿aspect 方面；方位prevailing 盛行的incomplete 不完全的；不完整的incorrect 不正确的；错误的duplication 重复，复制confirmation 确认；证实convince 使人信服的；有力的modification 修改，修饰refutation 辩驳，反驳novelty 新奇的事物disbelief 不相信；怀疑truly 真实地；真诚地；正确地appreciate 欣赏；赏识；感激physiologist 生理学家inspire 激发，产生be viewed as 被视为not surprisingly 毫不奇怪的appear to be 貌似open to challenge 面对挑战correspond 相一致，符合correspond to 相当于revise 校订，修正conception 理解，概念happen to 突然降临到...身上uncertainty 不确定complexity 复杂；复杂性misconception 误解deceptiveness 迷惑logicality 合理性；逻辑性objectivity 客观；客观性systematicness 系统性regularity 规律性inspection 检查share 分享，共有，共同share efforts 共同努力wisdom 智慧；明智persistent 坚持的；连续的；固执的survive 存活scrutiny 监视；细看examine 检查，调查recognition 承认，认出justified 合理的，合法化的call for 需要，要求gate 大门text4trade 贸易；交易；行业unionist 工会会员alive 活着的；注意到的represent 代表，象征，表示civil 公民的belong 属于union 工会prime 全盛时期fellow 同事；同伴be in one's prime 正值鼎盛时期unionized 加入到公会的civil servants 公务员public sector 公共部门private sector 私有部门the number of ...的数目a number of 许多pass 通过，经过，超过thriving 繁荣的；旺盛的suffer 遭受；忍受bright 聪明的dominate 支配，控制，影响shut things down 停工，罢工in the way of 在...方面；妨碍left-of-centre politics 中左政治go back a long way 由来已久（往回走很长一段路；追溯到很久以前）tie 领带，使人结合在一起的事物，表示有关联owe 感激；把...归功于Labor Party 工党imply 暗示associate 联想；联合; 同事current 现在的as its name implies 顾名思义fearsome 可怕的，害怕的budget 预算state's budget 州政府预算patrol 巡查，巡逻at the .... level 在...的层面/范围keep an eye on 密切留意prison 监狱wage 工资gain 获得；收益real gains 实际收益benefit 利益；津贴，福利politician 政治家repeatedly 重复地；再三地backload 以其他方式提高；变相提高modest 谦虚的；适度的generous 大量的，丰富的reform 改革；改良vigorously 有力地；健壮地secure 获得augment 增加，增大work practices 工作惯例，体例pay deals 工资协定oppose 反抗，反对charter 宪章；特许notoriously 出名地academy 私立中学，学院，学会merit 优点；值得；价值drawn-out 延长的；持续很久的battle 战斗plenty 丰富；大量；rid 摆脱；除去variable 可变的事物，可变的量charter schools 特许学校merit pay 绩效工资get rid of 摆脱fought（fight）对抗，抗议，战斗，争取，打仗hardline 强硬的，不妥协的clamp down 镇压rally against 召集人群以反对run against 违反norm 标准，规范norms of culture 文化标准above 超过，高于，在上面coach 教练; 指导；训练civil services 行政部门stay put 保持不变high achievers 成功人士fat pay packets 丰厚工资attract much criticism 饱受指摘teamster 卡车驾驶员enlarge 扩大；增大membership 成员资格；会员全体prudent 谨慎的seldom 很少；难得illegally 非法地secure 安全的；牢靠的indirectly 间接地augment 增加barrier 屏障；障碍物disapproval 不赞成appreciation 欣赏；感激tolerance 宽容；容忍indifference 漠不关心。

2012年考研-历年次重点英语词汇综合

2010MBA次重点英语词汇accuracy [ækjurəsi] n.准确，精确*adulteration [əˌd n. 掺假；劣等货，假货，次品*aggregate a.总的，累积的～GNP国民生产总值*alms[aːmz] n.救济金，捐款altogether ad.完全地；总共anniversary[ˌænivəːsəri] n.周年纪念(日)architect[aːkitekt] n.建筑师*arrears n.拖欠，欠款*article n.文章；条款；物件，商品；冠词athlete a.运动员automobile (=auto ) n. 汽车*avail n. 效益，营业收入avenue n. 林荫道，大街aviation [ˌeivieiʃən] n. 航空，航空学*bail n. 保释金；保释；保释人*barter n. 物物交换，以货易货，实物交易*beneficiary [benifiʃəri] n. 受益人*binder n. 临时契约；装订工bitter a. 苦的；痛苦的*budget n. 预算bunch n. (一)束，(一)串bundle n. 捆，束，包cable n. 缆索；电缆；电报calendar [kælində] n. 日历，月历camp n. 野营；营地champion n. 冠军；拥护者cite v. 举例；引证，引用clinic [klinik] n. 门诊所mzi] a. 笨手笨脚的，愚笨的Lclumsy [klcolony [kɔləni] n.殖民地；聚居区column [kɔlən] n.柱；纵队；专栏ktə]Lconductor [kənd n.乐队指挥；导体；(公共汽车、电车)售票员；列车员ŋkʃən] n.连接，连接词Lconjunction [kənʤ*contractor [kəntræktə] n.承包人；承包商*corporation n.(股份有限)公司；法人council n.理事会；(地方)议会*counterfoil [kautəfɔil] n.(支票、邮局汇款单、收据等的)存根，票根dairy n.制酪业；牛奶场dawn v i.破晓 n.黎明，曙光deadline n.期限*debit n.借方，借项；记入借方的款项decade n.十年delegate n.代表diagram [daiəgræm] n. 图表；图解discovery n. 发现district n. 区域；行政区drain n. 排水管（沟）；消耗 v.排（水），放（水）drought n. 干旱，旱灾echo n. 回声，反响 v.发出回声；共鸣edge n. 边，边缘；刀口 v. 侧身移动，挤进*endorse [indɔːs] n. （支票、汇票等）背书，背署；批注；赞成，同意*excise [eksaiz] n. 国内商品（烟、酒等）税，消费税express vt. 表达，表示 a.特快的，快速的 n. 快车；快递feed v. 喂（养）；（牛、马）吃；供给，供养festival [festəvəl] n. 节日；喜庆日file n. 档案，文件 v.把…归档force n. 力，力量；武力；（pl.）武装部队，兵力 vt. 强迫，迫使fraction [frækʃən] n. 小部分，碎片；分数*franchise [frænʧaiz] n. 特许，特权；专营权，特许权frank [fræŋk] a. 坦白的，直率的*freight [freit] n. 货运；（货运的）货物；运费frost n. 霜；严寒fruit n. 水果；成果；产物gap n. 裂口；差距；隔阂；空白gesture [ʤesʧə] n. 手势，姿势；姿态giant [ʤaiənt] n. 巨人 a.巨大的govern v. 统治；支配，指导*graft [graːft] n. 贪污，受贿；不义之财*greenback n. 美钞greet vt. 迎接，致意grief n. 悲哀，悲伤grocer [grəusə] n. 食品杂货商grocery n. 食品杂货店hardware n. 金属制品；（计算机）硬件herd n. 兽群，牧群 vt. 放牧horrible a. 可怕的，可恶的*hover vi. / n. (价格)盘旋humo(u)r n. 幽默*insurance [inʃuərəns] n. 保险；保险业*IOU(= I owe you ) n. 借据kitchen [kiʧin] n. 厨房*kickback n. 酬金；佣金，回扣*lease n. 租赁，租约*leaser [liːsə] n. 出租人lecture n./ v. 演讲，讲课*levy [levi] n. 征收税或其他款项；征收额liner n. 班机，班轮*list n. 目录，名单；清单，货单 vt. 列表，列举listen vi. 听，听从literature [litəriʧə] n. 文学，文学作品；文献资料*loan [ləun] n. 货款；借款 vt. 借给，借货logical a. 逻辑上的，符合逻辑的lunar [luːnə] a. 月的，月亮的melt v. (使)融化，(使)溶化minus [mainəs] prep. 减，减去 a.减去的，负的 n.减号，负号*moonlighting n. 兼职，同时兼两分工作或职业mostly ad. 主要地，多半地，基本上*multipexing [m(ltipleks iŋ] n. 连锁商店；多路传输naked a. 裸体的，无遮盖的nasty a. 肮脏的，下流的namely [neimli] ad. 即，换句话说native a. 本地的；本国的 n. 本地人；本国人neat a. 整洁的，干净的；简洁的neighbo(u)rhood [neibəhud] n. 街坊，四邻；附近地区nephew [nevjuː] n. 侄子，外甥*nepotism [nepətizəm] n. 任人唯亲；裙带关系nevertheless ad. 仍然，不过niece n. 侄女，外甥女nuclear [njuːkliə] a.核心的；(原子)核的；核能的orbit n. 轨道vi. 沿轨道运行outdoors ad. 在户外(野外)*out – of – stock n. 缺货；脱销*override [ˌəuvəraid] n. 佣金overtime a./ ad. 超时，加班parliament [paːləmənt] n. 国会，议会peak n. 山峰，顶点*perk n. 额外津贴；赏钱；小费picnic [piknik] n./ vi. 野餐，郊游pit n. 坑；矿井pitch [piʧ] vt. 投掷 n. 沥青plastic n. (pl.) 塑料；塑料制品 a.塑料的；可塑的plus prep. 加，加上 a. 加的，正的 n.加号，正号policy [pɔlisi] n. 政策，方针population n. 人口precise [prisəis]准确的，精确的pregnant [pregnənt] a. 怀孕的pride n. 自豪；骄傲，自满ktiviti] n. 生产率；生产能力L*productivity [ˌprɔdprogram(me) n. 计划；方案；程序；节目 vt. 编制程序*proprietary [prəpraiətəri] n. 财产权；所有权*provision [prəviɜən] n. 供应；准备；条款；给养，口粮*proxy n. 代理权，代表权；（对代理人的）委托书；代理人pump n. 泵，抽水机 v.抽水；打气punish vt. 处罚；惩罚puppet n. 木偶；傀儡quarter n. 四分之一；一刻钟；一季；（pl.）住处*quota [kwəutə] n. 定额，配额quotation [kwəuteiʃən] n. 引用；引语，语录；报价realm n. （知识）领域；王国*realty [riəlti] n. 不动产；房地产rear a. 后（尾）部的，背后的 n.后方，后部，背后*rebate [ribeit] v./n. 折扣；回扣；退款 vt. 给…回扣，给…打折扣remind vt.提醒；使想起*remit a.汇款；减轻；免除；推迟rent n.租金 v.租用；出租repetition n.重复，反复reproduce [ˌriːprədjuːs] v.复制；繁殖roll n.卷，卷状物；名册 v.卷，绕；滚动，转动route n.路线；航线*sack [sæk] n.麻袋，大包vt.解雇sail n.帆；航行 v.驾船，航行scenery n.天然景色；舞台布景score n.得分；分数；二十 v.评分，计分secondary [sekəndəri] a.中级的；次要的semester [simestə] n.(美)学期shallow [ʃæləu] a.浅的，肤浅的shave v.剃，刮，削，刨，理发 n.修面，刮脸shortcut n.捷径shoruly ad.立刻，马上site n.场所，地点，工地slogan[sləugən] n.标语，口号solar a.太阳的，日光的solemn[sɔləm] a.庄严的，严肃的solid a.固体的；实心的；结实的n.固体*solvent [sɔlvənt] a.有偿还能力的*sop [sɔp] n.贿赂spark n.火花vi.发火花*specification[ˌspesifikeiʃən] n.规格，说明书specify vt.具体指定，详细说明splendid[splendid] a.辉煌的；极好的square n.正方形；广场；直角尺；平方 vt.求平方，求面积starve[staːv] v.饥饿；饿死statesman n.政治家statistical[stətistijəl] a.统计的，统计学的steady a.稳定的；稳重的；扎实的 v.使稳定steward n.乘务员still a.静止的，不动的；寂静的 ad.仍然，还要；更加；愈发*storage[stɔːriʤ] n.储存，保管；储藏*streamline vt.使简单化；使…效率更高stroke n.钟声；一击，一笔，一划；中风 vt./n.抚摸suspect n.猜疑；怀疑take-off n.起飞*takeover n.兼并；接收*taxation n.征税，纳税teamwork n.配合，协力temper n.性情；脾气terror [terə] n.恐怖；恐怖的人(或事)stri] n.第三产业L*tertiary-industry [təːʃəriindtimetable n.时间表，时刻表；课表tiny a.微小的，极小的tip n.小费；末端，尖端 v.给小费；倾倒，弄歪tractor[træktə] n.拖拉机，牵引机tragic a.悲剧的，悲惨的transport vt.运输；搬运n. 运输，运输工具treat v.对待，处理；治疗；请客n.请客，款待tribe n.部落*turnover n.营业额，销售额；人员调整；周转tutor[tjuːtə] n.指导教师unaware a.不知道的，没注意的unconsnkɔnʃəs] a.失去知觉的；无意识的Lcious[ undergraduate n.本科大学生underground ad.在地下；秘密地 a.地下的；秘密的underneath prep.在…下面， ad.在下面，在底下ndautidli] ad.必定，无疑Lundoubtedly[*unemployed a.失业的unfortunate a.不幸的；令人遗憾的unjust a.不公平的，非正义的urban[əːbən] a.城市的vacuum[vækjuəm] n.真空；真空吸尘器veteran[vetərən] n.老手，老兵vice versa ad.反过来(也是这样)video a.录像的n.录像(机)view n.观点；视野，眼界；景象 vt.观看；考虑；看待violence [vaiələns] n.暴力，暴行；剧烈weep v.哭泣，流泪weigh v.称重量；考虑，权衡widespread[waidspred] a.分布广的，流传广的wooden a.木制的；呆笨的wrap[ræp] v. n.包，卷，裹n.围巾，披肩。

英语二单词词汇2012版本

1英语（二）大纲词汇abandon [əˈbændən] vt. 放弃，抛弃ability [əˈbɪləti] n. 能力，资格able [ˈeɪbl] adj. 能够的；有能力的abnormal [æbˈnɔ:ml] adj. 反常的aboard [əˈbɔ:d] prep. 上（船、飞机、车）abolish [əˈbɒlɪʃ] vt. 废除，废止about [əˈbaʊt] prep. 关于；大约; 在…周围above [əˈbʌv] prep. 超过；在…之上abroad [əˈbrɔ:d] adv. 到国外，在海外abrupt [əˈbrʌpt] adj. 突然的，意外的absence [ˈæbsəns] n. 缺席，缺勤absent [ˈæbsənt] adj. 缺席的，不在场的absolute [ˈæbsəlu:t] adj. 绝对的，完全的absorb [əbˈsɔ:b] vt. 吸收abstract [ˈæbstrækt] vt. 提取，分离abundant [əˈbʌndənt] adj. 大量的abuse [əˈbju:s] n. 滥用academic [ˈækəˈdemɪk] adj.学理上的2accelerate [əkˈseləreɪt] vt.增速；加速accent [ˈæksənt] n. 重音；口音accept [əkˈsept+ vt. 接受acceptable [əkˈseptəbl] adj. 可接受的access [ˈækses+ vt. 接近，进入accessible [əkˈsesəbl] adj. 易接近的accident [ˈæksɪdənt] n. 意外事件；事故accidental [ˈæksɪˈdentl] adj. 意外的accommodation [əˈkɒməˈdeɪʃn] n. 住处accompany [əˈkʌmpəni] vt. 陪伴，陪同accomplish [əˈkʌmplɪʃ] vt. 完成；达到（目的）accordance [əˈkɔ:dəns] n. 一致account [əˈkaʊnt] vt. 认为；把…视作accountant [əˈkaʊntənt] n. 会计人员accumulate [əˈkju:mjəleɪt] vt.& vi. 积累accuracy [ˈækjərəsi] n. 精确（性），准确（性）accurate [ˈækjərət] adj. 精确的accuse [əˈkju:z] v. 指责accustomed [əˈkʌstəmd] adj. 习惯的ache [eɪk] n. 疼痛3achieve [əˈtʃi:v] vt. 取得；获得achievement [əˈtʃi:vmənt] n. 完成，达到acid [ˈæsɪd] adj. 酸味的acknowledge [əkˈnɒlɪdʒ] vt. 承认acquaint [əˈkweɪnt] vt. 使熟悉acquaintance [əˈkweɪntəns] n. 熟人acquire [əˈkwaɪə(r)] vt. 获得，取得acquisition [ˈækwɪˈzɪʃn] n. 获得；取得acre [ˈeɪkə(r)] n. 英亩across [əˈkrɔs] prep. 穿过；横穿act [ækt] vt.& vi. 行动；做action [ˈækʃn] n. 行动，活动active [ˈæktɪv] adj. 积极的，活跃的activity [ækˈtɪvəti] n. 活动；活跃actor [ˈæktə(r)] n. 演员（尤指男演员）；actress [ˈæktrəs] n. 女演员actual [ˈæktʃuəl] adj. 真实的acute [əˈkju:t] adj. 尖的，锐的adapt [əˈdæpt] vi. 适应于AD [ˈeɪˈdi:+ abbr. 公元4add [æd] vt. 增加addition [əˈdiʃən] n. 加，增加additional [əˈdɪʃənl] adj. 额外的address [əˈdres] n. （收件人的）称呼和地址adequate [ˈædɪkwət] adj. 足够的adjust [əˈdʒʌst] vt.& vi.适应，调整administration [ədˈmɪnɪˈstreɪʃn] n. 管理admire [ədˈmaɪə(r)] vt. 赞赏；称赞admission [ədˈmɪʃn] n. 准许进入admit [ədˈmɪt] vt.& vi. 许可进入；承认，adopt [əˈdɔpt] vt. 采用，采取advance [ədˈvɑ:ns] vt. （使）前进advanced [ədˈvɑ:nst] adj. 先进的advantage [ədˈvɑ:ntɪdʒ] n. 有利条件；益处adventure [ədˈventʃə(r)] n. 冒险活动advertise [ˈædvətaɪz] vt. 做广告，做宣传advertisement/ad [ədˈvɜ:tɪsmənt] n. 广告advice [ədˈvaɪs] n. 劝告，忠告advisable [ədˈvaɪzəbl] adj. 明智的；可取的advise [ədˈvaɪz] vt. 建议5advocate [ˈædvəkeɪt] vt. 提倡；拥护affair [əˈfɛə] n. 事情，事件affect [əˈfekt] vt. 影响affection [əˈfekʃn] n. 喜爱afford [əˈfɔ:d] vt. 买得起afraid [əˈfreɪd] adj. 害怕的；担心的；Africa [ˈæfrikə] n. 非洲African [ˈæfrɪkən] adj. 非洲的；非洲人的after [ˈɑ:ftə(r)] prep.在…以后afternoon [ˈɑ:ftəˈnu:n] n. 下午afterward(s) [ˈɑːftəwədz] adv. 然后again [əˈgen] adv. 又；再说against [əˈgenst] prep. （表示态度）反对age [eɪdʒ] n. 年龄agency [ˈeɪdʒənsi] n. 代理；机构agenda [əˈdʒendə] n. 议事日程agent [ˈeɪdʒənt] n. 代理人aggressive [əˈgresɪv] adj.侵略的，侵犯的ago [əˈɡəu] adv.以前；过去的；之前agree [əˈgri:] vt.& vi.同意，赞同6agreement [əˈgri:mənt] n.协定，协议；同意agriculture [ˈægrɪkʌltʃə(r)] n.农业ahead [əˈhed] adv.在前面aid [eɪd] vt.帮助AIDS [eidz] abbr.艾滋病aim [eɪm] vt.& vi.（以…）瞄准，针对air [eə(r)] n.天空air-conditioning [ˈeəkənˈdɪʃɵnɪŋ+ n.空调设备aircraft [ˈɛəkrɑ:ft] n.飞机，航空器airline [ˈeəlaɪn] n.航线airplane/aeroplane [ˈeəpleɪn] n.<美>飞机airport [ˈɛəpɔ:t] n.机场airway [ˈeəˈweɪ] n.航线alarm [əˈlɑ:m] n.惊恐；警报album [ˈælbəm] n.相册alcohol [ˈælkəhɒl] n.酒精alert [əˈlə:t] adj.警觉的，警惕的alike [əˈlaɪk] adj.同样的，相似的alive [əˈlaɪv] adj.活着的；活泼的all [ɔ:l] adj.全部的；一切的allergic [əˈlɜ:dʒɪk] adj.过敏的7allow [əˈlaʊ] vt.允许allowance [əˈlaʊəns] n.津贴，补贴almost [ˈɔ:lməʊst] adv.几乎，差不多alone [əˈləun] adj.单独的；独一无二的along [əˈlɔŋ+ prep.沿着；顺着alongside [əˈlɒŋˈsaɪd] prep.在…旁边aloud [əˈlaʊd] adv.高声；大声alphabet [ˈælfəbet] n.字母表already [ɔ:lˈredi+ adv.早已，已经；先前also [ˈɔ:lsəu] conj.另外alter [ˈɔ:ltə(r)] vt.改变；更改alternative [ɔ:lˈtɜ:nətɪv] n.二中择一although [ɔ:lˈðəu] conj.尽管；虽然altogether [ˈɔ:ltəˈgeðə(r)] adv.全部地always [ˈɔ:lweɪz] adv.总是，老是an [æn,ən] art.任一某一；一个a.m./A.M./AM [ˈeɪˈem+ abbr.上午，午前amateur [ˈæmətə(r)] n.业余爱好者ambassador [æmˈbæsədə(r)] n.大使，使节ambition [æmˈbɪʃn] n.抱负ambitious [æmˈbɪʃəs] adj.有野心的8ambulance [ˈæmbjələns] n.救护车America [əˈmerɪkə] n.美洲；美国American [əˈmerɪkən] adj.美国的，美洲的；among/amongst [əˈmʌŋ+在…之内amount [əˈmaʊnt] n.量，数量amuse [əˈmju:z] vt.使人发笑amusement [əˈmju:zmənt] n. 娱乐，消遣analysis [əˈnæləsɪs] n. 分析analyze/-yse [ˈænəlaiz] vt. 分析ancestor [ˈænsestə(r)] n. 祖先ancient [ˈeɪnʃənt] adj. 古代的and [ənd] conj. 和，与anger [ˈæŋgə(r)] n. 生气angle [ˈæŋgl+ n. 角angry [ˈæŋgri+ adj. 生气的；愤怒的animal [ˈænɪml] n. 动物ankle [ˈæŋkl+ n. 踝anniversary [ˈænɪˈvɜ:səri] n. 周年纪念日announce [əˈnaʊns] vt. 宣布announcement [əˈnaʊnsmənt] n. 通告；布告annoy [əˈnɔɪ] vt. 打扰；干扰another [əˈnʌðə(r)] adj. 又一个9answer [ˈɑ:nsə(r)] vt.& vi. 答复；解答ant [ænt] n. 蚂蚁Antarctic [ænˈtɑ:ktɪk] adj. 南极的Antarctica [æntˈɑ:ktɪkə, -ˈɑ:tɪ-] n. 南极洲anticipate [ænˈtɪsɪpeɪt] vt. 预感；预见antique [ænˈti:k+ n. 古玩，古董anxiety *æŋˈzaɪəti] n. 焦虑，忧虑anxious [ˈæŋkʃəs] adj. 焦急的；渴望的any [ˈeni+ pron. 任何；无论哪个anybody [ˈenibɒdi] pron. 任何人，无论谁anyhow [ˈenihaʊ] adv. 总之；无论如何anyone [ˈeniwʌn] pron. 任何人；任何一个anything [ˈeniθɪŋ+ pron. 任何东西anyway [ˈeniweɪ] adv. 不论以何种方式anywhere [ˈeniweə(r)] adv. 无论何处apart [əˈpɑ:t] adj. 分离的，隔离的apartment/apt. [əˈpɑ:tmənt] n. 寓所apologize/-ise [əˈpɒlədʒaɪz] vi. 道歉，认错apology [əˈpɔlədʒi] n. 道歉认错，愧悔apparent [əˈpærənt] adj. 易看见的appeal [əˈpi:l] vi. （迫切）要求；有吸引力appealing [əˈpi:lɪŋ+ adj.吸引人的appear [əˈpiə] vi. 出现，显现10appearance [əˈpɪərəns] n. 外貌，外观appetite [ˈæpɪtaɪt] n. 欲望；胃口applaud [əˈplɔ:d] vi. 夸赞，鼓掌applause [əˈplɔ:z] n. 热烈鼓掌；喝彩，欢呼apple [ˈæpl+ n. 苹果application [ˈæplɪˈkeɪʃn] n. 适用，应用apply [əˈplaɪ] vt. 应用，运用appoint [əˈpɔɪnt] vt. 任命，委派appointment [əˈpɔɪntmənt] n. 约会；任命appreciate [əˈpri:ʃieɪt] vt. 感激appreciation [əˈpri:ʃiˈeɪʃn] n. 欣赏，鉴赏approach [əˈproʊtʃ] vt.& vi. 接近，走近appropriate [əˈprəʊpriət] adj. 适当的approximately [əˈprɒksɪmətli] adv. 近似地April [ˈeɪprəl] n. 四月Arab [ˈærəb] n. 阿拉伯人Arabic [ˈærəbɪk] n. 阿拉伯语arbitrary [ˈɑ:bitrəri] adj. 随意的，任性的architect [ˈɑ:kɪtekt] n. 建筑师，设计师architecture [ˈɑ:kɪtektʃə(r)] n. 建筑学Arctic [ˈɑ:ktɪk, ˈɑ:tɪk] adj. 北极的area [ˈɛəriə] n. 地区；区域argue [ˈɑ:gju:] vi. 争论，辩论11argument [ˈɑ:gjumənt] n. 争论，争吵arise [əˈraɪz] vi.& vt. 产生；出现arithmetic [əˈrɪθmətɪk] n. 算术，计算arm [ɑ:m] n. 臂army [ˈɑ:mi] n. 军队around [əˈraʊnd] prep. 围绕；在附近arouse [əˈraʊz] vt. 引起；唤醒arrange [əˈreɪndʒ] vt. 把…（系统地）分类arrangement [əˈreɪndʒmənt] n. 安排，料理arrest [əˈrest] vt. 逮捕，拘捕arrival [əˈraɪvl] n. 到达，抵达arrive [əˈraɪv] vi. 到达arrow [ˈærəu] n. 矢，箭；箭状物art [ɑ:t] n. 艺术；艺术作品article [ˈɑ:tɪkl] n.文章，论文artificial [ˈɑ:tɪˈfɪʃl] adj. 人造的；人工的artist [ˈɑ:tɪst] n. 艺术家artwork [ˈɑ:twə:k] n. 艺术品；插图as [əz] conj. 像，像…一样；由于；同时ash [æʃ] n. 灰，灰烬ashamed [əˈʃeɪmd] adj. 惭愧的，羞耻的Asia [ˈeɪʃə] n. 亚洲Asian [ˈeɪʃn] adj. 亚洲的; n. 亚洲人12 aside [əˈsaɪd] adv. 在旁边，在一边ask [ɑ:sk] vt.& vi. 问，询问asleep [əˈsli:p] adj. 睡着的aspect [ˈæspekt+ n. 方面aspiration [ˈæspəˈreɪʃn] n. 强烈的愿望；吸气，吸入assemble [əˈsembl] vt.& vi. 集合; vt. 装配assembly [əˈsembli] n. 装配；集会assert [əˈsə:t] vt. 声称，断言assess [əˈses] vt. 评定；估价asset [ˈæset+ n. 资产，财产assignment [əˈsaɪnmənt] n. 分给，分配；任务assist [əˈsɪst] vt. 帮助；援助assistance [əˈsɪstəns] n. 帮助，援助assistant [əˈsɪstənt] n. 助手，助理associate [əˈsəuʃieit] vt. （使）发生联系association [əˈsəʊʃiˈeɪʃn] n. 协会，社团assume [əˈsju:m] vt.假设，假定assumption [əˈsʌmpʃn] n. 假定，假设assure [əˈʃuə] vt. 向…保证；使…确信astonish [əˈstɒnɪʃ] vt. 使惊讶astronomer [əˈstrɒnəmə(r)] n. 天文学者athlete [ˈæθli:t+ n. 运动员；体育家Atlantic [ætˈlæntɪk] 在大西洋里的13atmosphere [ˈætməsfɪə(r)] n. 大气，空气atom [ˈætəm] n. 原子；原子能atomic [əˈtɔmik] adj. 原子的；原子能的attach [əˈtætʃ] vt.& vi. 贴上，系；附上attack [əˈtæk] vt.& vi. 攻击，进攻attain [əˈteɪn] vt.& vi. 达到，获得attempt [əˈtempt] vt. 试图；尝试attend [əˈtend] vt.&vi. 出席attendance [əˈtendəns] n. 出席，参加attention [əˈtenʃn] n. 注意，注意力attentively [əˈtentɪvlɪ] adv. 聚精会神地attitude [ˈætitju:d+ n. 态度，看法attract [əˈtrækt] vt. 吸引；诱惑attraction [əˈtrækʃn] n. 吸引attractive [əˈtræktɪv] adj. 有魅力的；引人注目的attribute [əˈtribju:t] vt. 认为…是；把…归于audience [ˈɔ:diəns] n. 观众，听众audio [ˈɔːdiəʊ] adj. 听觉的，声音的;August [ˈɔ:gəst] n. 八月（简写为Aug）Aunt [ɑ:nt] n. 阿姨；姨母Australia [ɔ:ˈstreɪljə] n. [地名][大洋洲]澳大利亚Australian [ɒˈstreɪliən] n.澳大利亚人adj 澳大利亚的14authentic [ɔ:ˈθentɪk] adj. 真的，真正的author [ˈɔ:θə] n. 著作家；作者authority [ɔ:ˈθɒrəti] n. 权威；权力auto [ˈɔːtəʊ] n. <美>汽车automate [ˈɔ:təmeɪt] vt.& vi. （使）自动化automatic [ˈɔ:təˈmætɪk] adj. 自动的automobile [ˈɔ:təməbi:l] n. <美>汽车autumn [ˈɔ:təm] n. 秋；秋天available [əˈveɪləbl] adj. 可用的；有空的avenue [ˈævənju:] n. 林荫路；大街average [ˈævərɪdʒ] adj. 平常的；平均的avoid [əˈvɔɪd] vt. 避开，避免await [əˈweɪt] vt. 等候；等待awake [əˈweɪk] adj. 醒着的；警惕的aware [əˈwɛə] adj. 意识到的；知道的awareness [əˈweənəs] n. 察觉，觉悟，意识away [əˈweɪ] adv. 离开，远离; adj. 遥远的awful [ˈɔ:fl] adj. 糟糕的；可怕的awkward [ˈɔ:kwəd] adj. 难对付的，棘手的baby [ˈbeɪbi] n. 婴儿；幼稚的人bachelor [ˈbætʃələ(r)] n. 学士；单身汉back [bæk] n. 背，背部; adv. 以前；向后地15background [ˈbækgraʊnd] n. （画等的）背景backward(s) [ˈbækwədz] adj. 向后的; adv. 向后bacon [ˈbeɪkən] n. 培根；熏猪肉bacteria [bækˈtɪəriə] n. 细菌bad [bæd] adj. 坏的，不好的badge [bædʒ] n. 徽章badly [ˈbædli+ adv. 非常，在很大程度上bag [bæg] n. 袋baggage [ˈbægɪdʒ] n. 行李bake [beɪk] vt. 烤，烘焙bakery [ˈbeɪkəri] n. 面包房，面包店balance [ˈbæləns] n. 平衡；vt.& vi. （使）平衡balcony [ˈbælkəni] n. 阳台ball [bɔ:l] n. 球balloon [bəˈlu:n] n. 气球bamboo [ˈbæmˈbu:+ n. 竹子；竹竿ban [bæn] vt. 禁止banana [bəˈnɑ:nə] n. 香蕉band [bænd] n. 带；乐队bandage [ˈbændɪdʒ] n. 绷带bang *bæŋ+ n. 猛击; vt. 猛击，猛撞bank *bæŋk+ n. 银行16bankrupt [ˈbæŋkrʌpt] adj. 破产的，倒闭的banquet [ˈbæŋkwɪt] n. 宴会，盛宴bar [bɑ:(r)] n. 条，棒barbecue [ˈbɑ:bɪkju:] n. 烤肉；烧烤野餐bare [bɛə] adj. 光秃秃的barely [ˈbɛəli] adv. 仅仅，勉强，好容易才；几乎不bargain [ˈbɑ:ɡin] n. 契约，协定；vi. 讨价还价bark [bɑ:k] vi. 吠叫barrier [ˈbæriə(r)] n. 障碍；屏障base [beɪs] n.基地baseball [ˈbeɪsbɔ:l] n. 棒球basement [ˈbeɪsmənt] n. 地下室；[建]基底，底部basic [ˈbeɪsɪk] adj. 基本的basically [ˈbeɪsɪkli] adv. 主要地basin [ˈbeɪsn] n. 盆；盆地basis [ˈbeɪsɪs] n. 基础basket [ˈbɑ:skɪt] n. 篮basketball [ˈbɑ:skɪtbɔ:l] n. 篮球bat [bæt] n. 蝙蝠；短棍bath [bɑ:θ] n. 沐浴；洗澡bathe [beɪð] vt.& vi. 给…洗澡，游泳bathroom [ˈbɑ:θru:m+ n. 浴室；盥洗室17battery [ˈbætri+ n. *电]电池，蓄电池battle [ˈbætl+ vt.& vi. 与…作战；n. 战争battleground [ˈbætlˈɡraund] n. 战场bay [beɪ] n. 湾，海湾BC [ˈbi: ˈsi:+ abbr. befo re Christ 公元前beach [bi:tʃ] n. 海滩，海滨beam [bi:m] n. 梁，栋梁bean [bi:n] n. 豆bear [bɛə] n. 熊；vt. 忍受；承担beard [biəd] n. 胡须beast [bi:st] n. 野兽；人面兽心的人beat [bi:t] vt.& vi. 接连地击打beautiful [ˈbju:tɪfl] adj. 美丽的beauty [ˈbju:ti+ n. 美好；美人because [bɪˈkɒz] conj. 因为become [bɪˈkʌm] vi. 变为，成为bed [bed] n. 床；苗圃；河床bedroom [ˈbedru:m+ n. 卧室，寝室bee [bi:] n. 蜜蜂beef [bi:f] n. 牛肉beehive [ˈbi:haɪv] n. 蜂窝；蜂巢beer [biə] n. 啤酒18before [bɪˈfɔ:(r)] conj. 在…之前；prep. 在…之前beg [beg] vt.& vi. 乞讨；恳求（原谅）beggar[ˈbegə(r)] n. 乞丐begin [bɪˈgɪn] vt.& vi. 开始；着手beginning [bɪˈgɪnɪŋ n. 开始；根源behalf [biˈhɑ:f] n. 利益；维护；支持behave [bɪˈheɪv] vi. 表现behavior(u)r [bɪˈheɪvjə] n. 行为；态度behind [bɪˈhaɪnd] prep. 在…的后面；adv. 在后面belief [bɪˈli:f] n. 信，信任believe [bɪˈli:v] vt. 相信；以为，认为bell [bel] n. 钟，铃belong [bɪˈlɒŋ+ vi. 属于；是…的成员belongings [bɪˈlɒŋɪŋz+ n. 动产；财物beloved [bɪˈlʌvd] adj. 被热爱的；亲爱的below [biˈləu] adv. 在下面；prep. 在…下面belt [belt] n. 腰带bench [bentʃ] n. （木制）长凳bend [bend] vt. （使）弯曲，屈身beneath [bɪˈni:θ+ prep. 在…的下方beneficial [ˈbenɪˈfɪʃl] adj. 有利的，有益的benefit [ˈbenɪfɪt] n. 利益，好处；vt. 有益于19beside [bɪˈsaɪd] prep.除…之外；在…旁边besides [bɪˈsaɪdz] adv.此外best [best] adj. 最好的( good 和well 的最高级) best-seller [ˈbestˈselə(r)] n. 畅销书或唱片bet [bet] n. 打赌，赌博；vt. 赌博betray [bɪˈtreɪ] vt. 对…不忠；背叛better [ˈbetə(r)] adj. 更好的(good 和well 的比较级) between [bɪˈtwi:n] prep. 在…之间beyond [biˈjɔnd] prep. 超过；越过bible [ˈbaɪbl] n. 圣经big [bɪg] adj. 大的；重要的bike/bicycle [baɪk]/ [ˈbaɪsɪkl] n. 自行车bill [bɪl] n. 账单billion [ˈbɪljən] n. 十亿bird [bə:d] n. 鸟biology [baɪˈɒlədʒi] n. 生物学；生物birth [bə:θ+ n. 出生；分娩birthday [ˈbɜ:θdeɪ] n. 生日birthright [ˈbɜ:θˈraɪt] n. 与生俱来的权利biscuit [ˈbɪskɪt] n. 饼干bit [bɪt] n. 一点; v. 咬，叮( bite 的过去式)bite [baɪt] vt.& vi. 咬；叮; n. 咬；咬伤20bitter [ˈbɪtə(r)] adj. 苦的；尖锐的black [blæk] adj. 黑的blackboard [ˈblækbɔ:d] n. 黑板blade [bleɪd] n. 刀片，剑; （壳、草等的）叶片blame [bleɪm] vt. 指责，责怪; n. 责备blank *blæŋk+ adj. 空白的；空的blanket [ˈblæŋkɪt] n. 毛毯，毯子blast [blɑ:st] n. 爆炸; vt. 摧毁; vi. 爆炸bleed [bli:d] vt. 使出血; vi. 流血bless [bles] vt. 祝福；保佑blind [blaɪnd] adj. 失明的；盲目的block [blɔk] n. 块；街区; vt. 阻止；阻塞blog [blɒɡ] n. 博客blood [blʌd] n. 血，血液bloody [ˈblʌdi] adj. 血腥的，残忍的bloom [blu:m] vi. 开花blossom [ˈblɒsəm] n. 花，群花；开花时期blouse [blauz] n. 宽松的上衣；女衬衫blow [bləu] vt.& vi. （风）吹；（轮胎等）爆炸blue [blu:] n. 蓝色; adj. 蓝色的；沮丧的blur [blɜ:(r)] n. 污迹，污斑; vt.& vi. 涂污，弄脏board [bɔ:d] n. 板；董事会; vt. 上（船、车或飞机）21boast [bəust] vt. 自夸boat [bəut] n. 小船body [ˈbɔdi] n. 身体boil [bɔɪl] vt.& vi. （使）沸腾bold [bəuld] adj. 明显的，勇敢的，无畏的bolt [bəult] n. 螺栓，螺钉bomb [bɔm] n. 炸弹; vt. 轰炸bond [bɔnd] n. 结合（物）, 联结, 契约; vt. 使结合bone [bəun] n. 骨头bonus [ˈbəʊnəs] n. 奖金，额外津贴book [bʊk] n. 书; bookbooklet [ˈbʊklət] n. 小册子bookmark [ˈbʊkmɑ:k] n. 书签bookshelf [ˈbʊkʃelf] n. 书架；书橱boom [bu:m] vi. 发出隆隆声boost [bu:st] vt. 促进，提高boot [bu:t] n. 长靴，皮靴booth [buːð] n. 售货棚，摊位；公用电话亭border [ˈbɔ:də(r)] vt.& vi. 与…接界; n. 边界bore [bɔ:(r)] vt. 令人厌烦boring [ˈbɔ:rɪŋ+ adj. 无聊的，无趣的born [bɔ:n] vt. bear 的过去分词; adj. 出生的22borrow [ˈbɒrəʊ] vt.& vi. 借入；借钱，借用boss [bɔs] n. 老板，上司both [bəuθ+ adj. 二者，两者都; pron. 二者bottle [ˈbɔtl] n. 瓶子bottom [ˈbɔtəm] n. 底部；末端; adj. 底部的bound [baʊnd] vt. 给…划界，限制; n. 界限，限制boundary [ˈbaʊndri] n. 分界线；范围bow [bəu] n. 鞠躬; vi. （向…）弯腰，鞠躬bowel [ˈbaʊəl] n. 肠；内部；同情心box [bɔks] n. 盒; vt.& vi. 拳击boxing [ˈbɒksɪŋ+ n. 拳击;boy [bɔɪ] n. 男孩，少年brain [breɪn] n. 脑brake [breɪk] vt.& vi. 刹（车）; n. 刹车branch [brɑ:ntʃ] n. 树枝；分支brand [brænd] n. [商]商标，牌子brave [breɪv] adj. 勇敢的breadth [bredθ] n. 宽度break [breɪk] vt.& vi. 打破；折断；弄坏breakfast [ˈbrekfəst] n. 早餐，早饭breath [breθ] n. 呼吸breathe [bri:ð] vi. 呼吸23breed [bri:d] vt. 产（后代）, 产生breeze [bri:z] n. 微风bribe [braɪb] vt.& vi. 贿赂，行贿brick [brɪk] n. 砖，砖块bride [braɪd] n. 新娘bridegroom [ˈbraɪdgru:m] n. 新郎bridge [brɪdʒ] n. 桥brief [bri:f] adj. 短暂的；（衣着）短的；简洁的bright [braɪt] adj. 明亮的，鲜亮的brilliant [ˈbrɪliənt] adj. 明亮的bring [brɪŋ+ vt. 带来，引来Britain [ˈbrɪtn] 不列颠，英国British [ˈbrɪtɪʃ] adj. 不列颠的；英国的; n. 英国人broad [brɔ:d] adj. 宽的；辽阔的broadcast [ˈbrɔ:dkɑ:st] vt. 广播；播放broaden [ˈbrɔ:dn] vt.& vi. 使…变宽，扩展broken [ˈbrəʊkən] adj. 破碎的，打碎的broom [bru:m] n. 扫帚; vt. 扫除；用扫帚扫brother [ˈbrʌðə(r)] n. 兄弟brow [braʊ] n. 眉，眉毛brown [braʊn] adj. 褐色的browse [braʊz] vt.& vi. 浏览24browser [ˈbraʊzə(r)] n. 浏览程序；浏览器brunch [brʌntʃ] n. 早午餐brush [brʌʃ] n. 刷子; vt. 刷；掠过；擦bubble [ˈbʌbl] n. 泡，水泡bucket [ˈbʌkɪt] n. 水桶bud [bʌd] n. 芽，萌芽; vi. 发芽budget [ˈbʌdʒɪt] n. 预算; vt.& vi. 把…编入预算bug [bʌg] n. 昆虫build [bɪld] vt. 建造，建立building [ˈbɪldɪŋ+ n. 建筑物；楼房bulb [bʌlb] n. 球茎，电灯泡bulk [bʌlk] n. （大）体积；大块，大量bull [bʊl] n. 公牛bullet [ˈbulit+ n. 子弹，弹药bulletin [ˈbʊlətɪn] n. 公告，公报bump [bʌmp] vt.& vi. 碰撞，冲撞；颠簸bunch [bʌntʃ] n. 束，串，捆bundle [ˈbʌndl] vt.& vi. 收集，归拢; n. 捆；一批burden [ˈbə:dən] n. 负担，包袱bureau [ˈbjuərəu] n. 局；办事处burial [ˈberiəl] n. 葬，掩埋；葬礼burn [bə:n] vt.& vi. 使用某物为燃料；烧毁25burst [bə:st] vt.&vi. 爆裂，炸破bury [ˈberi+ vt. 埋葬，葬；为…举行葬礼bus [bʌs] n. 公共汽车，巴士bush [bʊʃ] n. 灌木（丛）business [ˈbɪznəs] n. 商业，交易busy [ˈbɪzi] adj. 忙碌的but [bət] conj. 但是; prep. 除…以外butcher [ˈbʊtʃə(r)] n. 屠夫，屠户butter [ˈbʌtə(r)] n. 黄油butterfly [ˈbʌtəflaɪ] n. 蝴蝶button [ˈbʌtn] n. 按钮，电钮；纽扣buy [baɪ] vt.& vi. 购买，购得bystander [ˈbaɪstændə(r)] n. 旁观者；局外人cab [kæb] n. 出租车cabbage [ˈkæbɪdʒ] n. 甘蓝（洋白菜、卷心菜）cabin [ˈkæbɪn] n. 小木屋；客舱cabinet [ˈkæbɪnət] n. 内阁；柜橱cable [ˈkeɪbl] n. 缆绳，绳索；[电学]电缆café[ˈkæfeɪ] n. 咖啡馆，小餐厅cage [keɪdʒ] n. 笼子；牢房cake [keɪk] n. 蛋糕；糕饼calculate [ˈkælkju l eɪt] vt.& vi. 计算；估计26calculator [ˈkælkjuleɪtə(r)] n. 计算器；计算者calendar [ˈkælɪndə(r)] n. 日历call [kɔ:l] v. 呼唤，喊叫calm [kɑ:m] adj. 镇定的；平静的camera [ˈkæmərə] n. 照相机；摄影机camp [kæmp] n. 营地，工地宿舍campaign [kæmˈpeɪn] n. 运动; vi. 参加[发起]运动campus [ˈkæmpəs] n. （大学）校园can [kæn] aux. 能；能够; n. 罐头Canada [ˈkænədə] n. 加拿大Canadian [kəˈneɪdiən] adj. 加拿大人的；加拿大的canal [kəˈnæl] n. 运河，沟渠cancel [ˈkænsəl] vt. 取消，注销cancer [ˈkænsə(r)] n. 癌症candidate [ˈkændɪdət] n. 报考者；申请求职者candle [ˈkændl+ n. 蜡烛；烛光candy [ˈkændi+ n. 糖果canteen [kænˈti:n+ n. 小卖部；食堂cap [kæp] n. 盖；帽子capable [ˈkeɪpəbl] adj. 能干的；有才能的capacity [kəˈpæsəti] n. 容量；才能capital [ˈkæpɪtl] n. 首都；资本27captain [ˈkæptɪn] n. 船长，机长capture [ˈkæptʃə(r)] vt. 俘获；夺取; n. 捕获；占领car [kɑ:(r)] n. 车，汽车carbon [ˈkɑ:bən] n. [化学]碳card [kɑ:d] n. 卡片；纸牌care [kɛə] vt.& vi. 关心；担心；在乎careful [ˈkɛəful] adj. 仔细的，小心的careless [ˈkɛəlis] adj. 粗心的carpenter [ˈkɑ:pəntə(r)] n. 木工，木匠carpet [ˈkɑ:pit] n. 地毯carriage [ˈkærɪdʒ] n. 运输，输送carrier [ˈkæriə(r)] n. 搬运人carrot [ˈkærət] n. 胡萝卜carry [ˈkæri] vt.& vi. 运送；搬运cartoon [kɑ:ˈtu:n+ n. 漫画case [keɪs] n. （实）例，事例cash [kæʃ] n. 现金; vt. 支付现款；兑现cashier [kæˈʃɪə(r)] n. 出纳员cassette [kəˈset] n. 盒式录音带cast [kɑ:st] vt. 铸造；投掷castle [ˈkɑːsl] n. 城堡，堡垒casual [ˈkæʒuəl] adj. 偶然的28cat [kæt] n. 猫catch [kætʃ] vt. 赶上；接住category [ˈkætəgəri] n. 类型，部门cattle [ˈkætl+ n. （总称）牛casual [ˈkæʒuəl] adj. 偶然的；临时的cause [kɔ:z] n. 原因；动机; vt. 成为…的原因；导致cautious [ˈkɔ:ʃəs] adj. 小心的，谨慎的cave [keɪv] n. 洞穴cease [si:s] vt. 停止，终止，结束ceiling [ˈsi:lɪŋ+ n. 天花板celebrate [ˈselɪbreɪt] vt. 庆祝celebration [ˈselɪˈbreɪʃn] n. 庆祝cell [sel] n. <生>细胞cellar [ˈselə(r)] n. 地下室，地窖cent [sent] n. 分；一分钱的硬币center/-tre [ˈsentə] n. 中心centigrade [ˈsentɪgreɪd] adj. 百分度的；摄氏的centimeter/-tre [ˈsentimi:tər] n. 厘米central [ˈsentrəl] adj. 中央的，中心的century [ˈsentʃəri] n. 百年，一世纪cereal [ˈsɪəriəl] n. 谷类植物；谷物ceremony [ˈserəməni] n. 典礼，仪式29 certain [ˈsə:tn] adj. 某一；必然的certainly [ˈsə:tnli] adv. 无疑地，确定地certainty [ˈsə:tnti] n. 确定性，确实性certificate [səˈtɪfɪkət] n. 证明书；文凭chain [tʃeɪn] n. 链子，链条chair [tʃɛə] n. 椅子chairman [ˈtʃeəmən] n. （主持会议的）主席chalk [tʃɔ:k] n. 粉笔challenge [ˈtʃæləndʒ] n. 挑战; vt. & vi 质疑, 挑战challenging [ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ+ adj. 挑战性的；引起兴趣的champagne [ʃæmˈpeɪn] n. 香槟酒champion [ˈtʃæmpiən] n. 冠军；捍卫者chance [tʃɑ:ns] n. 机会，机遇change [tʃeɪndʒ] vt. 改变，变更; n. 变化，改变channel [ˈtʃænl] n. 频道chapter [ˈtʃæptə(r)] n. 章，回character [ˈkærəktə(r)] n. 性格，品质characteristic [ˈkærəktəˈrɪstɪk] adj. 特有的n. 特性characterize/-ise [ˈkærəktəraɪz] vt. 描述…的特性charge [tʃɑ:dʒ] vt.控诉; vi. 索价；收费charity [ˈtʃærəti] n. 慈善（行为）charm [tʃɑ:m] n. 魅力; vt. 使陶醉；诱惑30chart [tʃɑ:t] n. 图表chase [tʃeɪs] vt. 追捕；追求; n. 追捕chat [tʃæt] vi. 聊天；闲谈cheap [tʃi:p] adj. 便宜的，廉价的cheat [tʃi:t] vt. 欺骗，诈骗check/cheque [tʃek] vt. 检查，核对cheek [tʃi:k] n. 脸颊，脸蛋cheer [tʃiə] vt. 欢呼；使高兴cheerful [ˈtʃiəful] adj. 欢乐的，高兴的cheese [tʃi:z] n. 奶酪chemical [ˈkemɪkl] adj. 化学的chemist [ˈkemɪst] n. 化学家；药剂师chemistry [ˈkemɪstri] n. 化学chess [tʃes] n. 棋，国际象棋chest [tʃest] n. 胸部chew [tʃu:] vt.& vi. 咀嚼chicken [ˈtʃɪkɪn] n. 鸡；鸡肉chief [tʃi:f] adj. 级别最高的；主要的child [tʃaɪld] n. 小孩，孩子childhood [ˈtʃaɪldhʊd] n. 童年childish [ˈtʃaɪldɪʃ] adj. 幼稚的；孩子气的childlike [ˈtʃaɪldlaɪk] adj. 孩子般的；天真的31chill [tʃɪl] vt.& vi. （使）变冷；使很冷adj. 冷的chimney [ˈtʃɪmni] n. 烟囱china [ˈtʃaɪnə] n. 瓷器China [ˈtʃaɪnə] n. 中国Chinese [ˈtʃaɪˈni:z] n. 中国人; adj. 中国的chip [tʃɪp] n. 碎片；缺口chocolate [ˈtʃɒklət] n. 巧克力choice [tʃɔɪs] n. 选择；选择权choke [tʃəuk] vt.& vi.使窒息choose [tʃu:z] vt. 挑选chop [tʃɔp] vt.& vi. 砍，伐，劈chopsticks [ˈtʃɔpstɪks] n. 筷子；筷子Christian [ˈkristʃən] n. 基督教徒; adj. 信基督教的Christmas [ˈkrisməs] n. 圣诞节church [tʃə:tʃ] n. [宗]教堂cigar [sɪˈgɑ:(r)] n. 雪茄; 叶卷烟cigarette(te) [ˈsiɡəˈret] n. 纸烟，香烟circle [ˈsə:kl] n. 圆，环; vt. 圈出，包围circulate [ˈsɜ:kjəleɪt] vt.& vi. （使）循环；流通circumstance [ˈsə:kəmstəns] n. 环境cite [saɪt] vt. 引用，引证citizen [ˈsɪtɪzn] n. 公民；国民32citizenship [ˈsɪtɪzənʃɪp] n. 公民身份city [ˈsɪti] n. 城市civil [ˈsɪvl] adj. 公民的，市民的civilian [səˈvɪliən] n. 平民，百姓civilization/-isation [ˈsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn] n. 文明，文化claim [kleɪm] vt. 声称；断言clap [klæp] vt.& vi. 拍手，鼓掌clarify [ˈklærəfaɪ] vt.& vi. 使清楚，澄清clash [klæʃ] vt. 发出撞击声;vi. 争论；不合; n. 冲突class [klɑ:s] n. 班；等级classic [ˈklæsɪk] adj. 典型的；传统式样的；著名的classical [ˈklæsɪkl] adj. 古典的classification [ˈklæsɪfɪˈkeɪʃn] n. 分类；分级classify [ˈklæsɪfaɪ] vt. 分类，归类classmate [ˈklɑ:smeɪt] n. （同班）同学classroom [ˈklɑ:sru:m] n. 教室，课堂clause [klɔ:z] n. 从句，分句clean [kli:n] adj. 清洁的vt.& vi. （使）清洁clear [kliə] adj. 清楚的，明白的；清晰的clerk [klɑ:k] n. 店员；办事员，职员clever [ˈklevə(r)] adj. 聪明的，灵巧的click [klɪk] vt. 使发出喀哒声33client [ˈklaɪənt] n. 顾客；当事人cliff [klɪf] n. 悬崖climate [ˈklaɪmət] n. 气候climb [klaɪm] vt.& vi. 爬上，攀登cling [klɪŋ+ vi. 附着于，紧贴clinic [ˈklɪnɪk] n. 诊所，门诊部clinical [ˈklɪnɪkl] adj. 临床的；诊所的clock [klɔk] n. 钟，时钟clone [kləun] n.克隆; vt.& vi. 克隆close [kləuz] adj. 紧密的；亲密的; vt. 关closet [ˈklɔzit] n. 壁橱；盥洗室cloth [klɔθ+ n. 布，织物clothes [kləuðz] n. 衣服，衣物clothing [ˈkləuðiŋ+ n. 衣服；服装cloud [klaʊd] n. 云cloudy [ˈklaʊdi] adj. 多云的；阴天的club [klʌb] n. 俱乐部clue [klu:] n. 线索；提示coach [kəutʃ] n. 教练; vt.& vi. 训练；辅导coal [kəul] n. 煤coast [kəust] n. 海岸coastal [ˈkəʊstl] adj. 临海的，沿海的34coat [kəut] n. 上衣，外套Coca-Cola [ˈkəʊkəˈkəʊlə] n. 可口可乐cock [kɔk] n. 公鸡code [kəud] n. [计算机]编码；代号coffee [ˈkɒfi] n. 咖啡coin [kɔɪn] n. 硬币cold [kəuld] adj. 寒冷的；冷淡的collapse [kəˈlæps] vi. 折叠；倒塌; vt. 使倒塌collar [ˈkɒlə(r)] n. 衣领；领子colleague [ˈkɒli:g] n. 同事；同僚collect [kəˈlekt] vt. 收集，收藏collection [kəˈlekʃn] n. 收集，采集collective [kəˈlektɪv] adj. 集体的；共同的college [ˈkɒlɪdʒ] n. 大学collision [kəˈlɪʒn] n. 碰撞；冲突colo(u)r [ˈkʌlə] n. <美>颜色，色彩colonial [kəˈləʊniəl] adj. 殖民地的colony [ˈkɒləni] n. 殖民地column [ˈkɔləm] n. 纵队，列comb [kəum] n. 梳子; vt. 梳理combination [ˈkɒmbɪˈneɪʃn] n. 合作combine [kəmˈbain+ v. 使结合35come [kʌm] vi. 来comedy [ˈkɒmədi] n. 喜剧；喜剧性comfort [ˈkʌmfət] n. 安慰；舒适; vt. 安慰，使舒适comfortable [ˈkʌmftəbl] adj. 舒适的；安逸的comic [ˈkɔmik] adj. 喜剧的；滑稽的command [kəˈmɑ:nd] n. 命令，指挥; vt. 指挥，控制commander [kəˈmɑ:ndə(r)] n. 指挥官，司令官commence [kəˈmens] vt.& vi. 开始；着手commercial [kəˈmə:ʃəl] adj. 商业的；贸易的commission [kəˈmɪʃn] n. 委员会，委员commit [kəˈmɪt] vt. 犯罪commitment [kəˈmɪtmənt] n. 承诺，许诺common [ˈkɔmən] adj. 普通的；通俗的communicate [kəˈmju:nɪkeɪt] vt. 传达，表达communication [kəˈmju:nɪˈkeɪʃn] n. 通讯，交流communism [ˈkɒmjunɪzəm] n. 共产主义communist [ˈkɒmjənɪst] n. 共产主义者community [kəˈmju:nəti] n. 社区；社会团体commute [kəˈmju:t] vt. 交换；用…交换；使…变成compact [kəmˈpækt+ vt.& vi. 压紧，（使）坚实companion [kəmˈpæniən] n. 同伴company [ˈkʌmpəni] n. 公司36comparable [ˈkɒmpərəbl] adj. 可比较的comparative [kəmˈpærətɪv] adj. 比较（上）的compare [kəmˈpeə(r)] vt.& vi. 比较，对照comparison [kəmˈpærɪsn] n. 比较，对照compel [kəmˈpel+ vt. 强迫，迫使compensate [ˈkɒmpenseɪt] vt. & vi 补偿，赔偿compensation [ˈkɒmpenˈseɪʃn] n. 补偿，赔偿compete [kəmˈpi:t+ vi. 竞赛；竞争competent [ˈkɒmpɪtənt] adj. 有能力的，能胜任的competition [ˈkɒmpəˈtɪʃn] n. 竞争；比赛competitive [kəmˈpetətɪv] adj. 竞争的，比赛的competitor [kəmˈpetɪtə(r)] n. 竞争者；对手complain [kəmˈpleɪn] vt. &vi. 抱怨，诉苦complaint [kəmˈpleɪnt] n. 抱怨，控诉complex [ˈkɔmpleks] adj. 复杂的complicate [ˈkɒmplɪkeɪt] vt. 使复杂化；使混乱complicated [ˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd] adj. 复杂的；混乱的component [kəmˈpəʊnənt] n. 成分；零件compose [kəmˈpəʊz] vt.& vi. 创作（乐曲、诗歌等）composer [kəmˈpəʊzə(r)] n.作曲家composition [ˈkɒmpəˈzɪʃn] n. 作文，作曲compound [ˈkɔmpaund] adj. 复合37comprehension [ˈkɒmprɪˈhenʃn] n. 理解，理解力comprehensive [ˈkɒmprɪˈhensɪv] adj. 广泛的；综合的compress [kəmˈpres+ vt. 压紧；压缩comprise [kəmˈpraɪz] vt. 包含，包括computer [kəmˈpju:tə(r)] n. 电脑computerize/-ise [kəmˈpju:təraɪz] vt. 用计算机做.. comrade [ˈkɔmrid] n. 同志；战友conceal [kənˈsi:l+ vt. 隐藏，隐瞒conceited [kənˈsi:tɪd] adj. 自负的，自高自大的concentrate [ˈkɒnsntreɪt] vt.& vi. 专心于；注意concentration [ˈkɒnsnˈtreɪʃn] n. 集中；专心concept [ˈkɒnsept] n. 观念，概念concern [kənˈsɜ:n] vt. 涉及，关系到; n. 关心；关系concerning [kənˈsɜ:nɪŋ+ prep. 关于，就…而论concert [ˈkɔnsət] n. 音乐会conclude [kənˈklu:d+ vt. 得出结论conclusion [kənˈklu:ʒn] n. 结论；结局concrete [ˈkɒŋkri:t+ adj. 具体的condition [kənˈdɪʃn] n. 情况，状态；环境conduct [ kənˈdʌkt] vt.& vi. 引导；带领；控制conductor [kənˈdʌktə(r)] n. <电>导体conference [ˈkɒnfərəns] n. 会议38confess [kənˈfes+ vt.& vi. 承认confidence [ˈkɒnfɪdəns] n. 信心confident [ˈkɒnfɪdənt] adj.有信心的confine [kənˈfaɪn] vt. 限制；局限于confirm [kənˈfɜ:m] vt. [法]确认，批准conflict [ˈkɒnflɪkt] n. 冲突；战斗; vi. 抵触；争斗confront [kənˈfrʌnt] vt. 面对Confucian [kənˈfju:ʃən] adj. 孔子的，儒家的; confuse [kənˈfju:z+ vt. 使困窘；使混乱confusion [kənˈfju:ʒn] n. 混乱；混淆congratulate [kənˈgrætʃuleɪt] vt.祝贺congratulation [kənˈgrætʃuˈleɪʃn] n. 祝贺congress [ˈkɔŋɡres] n. 国会；代表大会connect [kəˈnekt] vt. 连接，联结connection [kəˈnekʃn] n. 连接；联系conquer [ˈkɒŋkə(r)] vt. 征服；攻克conscience [ˈkɒnʃəns] n. 良心conscious [ˈkɒnʃəs] adj. 有意识的consensus [kənˈsensəs] n. 一致同意consent [kənˈsent+ vi. 同意；赞成consequence [ˈkɔnsikwəns] n. 结果consequently [ˈkɔnsikwəntli] adv. 所以，因此39conservation [ˈkɒnsəˈveɪʃn] n. 保存；保护conservative [kənˈsɜ:vətɪv] adj. 保守的consider [kənˈsɪdə(r)] vt.& vi. 考虑; 认为considerable [kənˈsɪdərəbl] adj. 相当大（或多）的considerate [kənˈsɪdərət] adj. 体贴的，体谅的consideration [kənˈsɪdəˈreɪʃn] n. 考虑，考察considering [kənˈsɪdərɪŋ+ prep. 考虑到，就…而论consist [kənˈsɪst] vi. 由…组成consistent [kənˈsɪstənt] adj. 一致的constant [ˈkɒnstənt] adj. 不断的，持续的constitute [ˈkɔnstitju:t] vt. 构成，组成construct [kənˈstrʌkt] vt. 修建，建造construction [kənˈstrʌkʃn] n. 建筑物；建造consult [kənˈsʌlt] vi. 商议，商量；vt. 请教consultant [kənˈsʌltənt] n. （受人咨询的）顾问consume [kənˈsju:m+ vt. 消耗，消费consumer [kənˈsju:mə(r)] n. 消费者，顾客consumption [kənˈsʌmpʃn] n. 消费contact [ˈkɒntækt] n. 接触；触点；vt.& vi 联系contain [kənˈteɪn] vt. 包含，容纳container [kənˈteɪnə(r)] n. 容器contaminate [kənˈtæmɪneɪt] vt. 弄脏，污染40contemporary [kənˈtemprəri] adj. 当代的，现代的content [ˈkɔntent] n. 内容；adj. 满足的，满意的contest [kənˈtest,ˈkɒntest] vt. 竞争；n. 比赛context [ˈkɔntekst] n. 上下文；背景continent [ˈkɒntɪnənt] n. 大陆，陆地continual [kənˈtɪnjuəl] adj. 不间断的；不停的continue [kənˈtɪnju:] vt.& vi.& link-v. 继续，连续continuous [kənˈtɪnjuəs] adj. 连续的contract [kənˈtrækt+ vt.& vi.缩小，紧缩；n. 契约contradiction [ˈkɒntrəˈdɪkʃn] n. 矛盾；否认，反驳contrary [kənˈtreəri] adj. 相反的contrast [ˈkɒntrɑ:st] n. 对比；vt.& vi 对比contribute [kənˈtribjut+ vt.& vi. 贡献出contribution [ˈkɒntrɪˈbju:ʃn] n. 贡献，捐赠control [kənˈtrəʊl] vt. 控制；管理controversial [ˈkɔntrəˈvə:ʃəl] adj. 有争议的controversy [ˈkɔntrəvə:si] n. 公开辩论；论战convenience [kənˈvi:niəns] n. 方便，便利convenient [kənˈvi:niənt] adj. 方便的convention [kənˈvenʃn] n. 会议conventional [kənˈvenʃənl] adj. 传统的conversation [ˈkɒnvəˈseɪʃn] n. 交谈，会话41conversely [ˈkɒnvɜ:sli] adv. 相反地，颠倒地convert [kənˈvɜ:t] vt. （使）转变convey [kənˈveɪ] vt. 传达，传递convince [kənˈvɪns] vt. 使相信，说服cook [kʊk] vt.& vi. 烹调；n. 厨师cool [ku:l] adj. 凉爽的；vt.& vi. （使）变凉cooperate [kəʊˈɒpəreɪt] vi. 合作，配合cooperation [kəʊˈɒpəˈreɪʃn] n. 合作；协作coordinate [kəuˈɔ:dineit] vt. 使协调，使调和cop [kɔp] n. 〈俚〉警察cope [kəup] vi. 成功地应付，对付copy [ˈkɔpi] n. 复制品；vt.& vi. 复制；抄写copyright [ˈkɒpiraɪt] n. 版权，著作权cord [kɔ:d] n. （细）绳cordless [ˈkɔ:dləs] adj. 无电线的core [kɔ:(r)] n. 中心，核心corn [kɔ:n] n. <英>谷物corner [ˈkɔ:nə(r)] n. 角落corporation [ˈkɔ:pəˈreɪʃn] n. 公司correct [kəˈrekt] adj. 正确的correspond [ˈkɔrisˈpɔnd] vi. 符合，一致correspondence [ˈkɒrəˈspɒndəns] n. 一致，符合42correspondent [ˈkɒrəˈspɒndənt] n. 通讯员，记者corresponding [ˈkɒrəˈspɒndɪŋ+ adj. 相当的，对应的corruption [kəˈrʌpʃn] n. 腐败，堕落cost [kɔst] n. 价钱，代价；vt. 付出代价costly [ˈkɒstli] adj. 昂贵的costume [ˈkɔstju:m] n. 服装cottage [ˈkɒtɪdʒ] n. 小屋，村舍cotton [ˈkɔtən] n. 棉；棉线cough [kɔf] vt.& vi. 咳嗽could [kəd+ aux. “can”的过去式；能够，打算council [ˈkaʊnsl] n. 委员会counsel [ˈkaʊnsl] n. 协商，讨论；vt. 劝告，建议count [kaʊnt] vt. 计算counter [ˈkaʊntə(r)] n. 柜台; vt. 反击country [ˈkʌntri] n. 国家countryside [ˈkʌntrisaɪd] n. 乡村；郊野county [ˈkaʊnti] n. 县，郡couple [ˈkʌpl] n. 对，双；配偶courage [ˈkʌrɪdʒ] n. 勇气；胆量course [kɔː(r)s] n. 科目；进程court [kɔ:t] n. 法院，法庭courtroom [ˈkɔ:tru:m] n. 法庭，审判室43courtyard [ˈkɔ:tjɑ:d] n. 庭院cousin [ˈkʌzn] n. 堂[表]兄弟姊妹cover [ˈkʌvə(r)] vt. 覆盖，遮蔽cow [kaʊ] n. 奶牛，乳牛cowboy [ˈkaʊbɔɪ] n. 牛仔crack [kræk] vt. 破裂，打开craft [krɑ:ft] n. 技术，手艺crash [kræʃ] vt.& vi. （使）猛撞，（使）撞毁crazy [ˈkreɪzi] adj. 疯狂的cream [kri:m] n. 乳霜create [kriˈeɪt] vt. 创造，创作creation [kriˈeɪʃn] n. 制造，创造creative [kriˈeɪtɪv] adj. 创造性的，有创造力的creator [kriˈeɪtə(r)] n. 创造者，创作者creature [ˈkri:tʃə(r)] n. 生物，动物credit [ˈkredɪt] n. 信誉，信用creep [kri:p] vi. 爬行，匍匐crew [kru:] n. 全体船员crime [kraɪm] n. 罪行，犯罪criminal [ˈkrɪmɪnl] n. 罪犯，犯人crisis [ˈkraɪsɪs] n. 危机；危难时刻。

2012年考研英语阅读热点词汇汇总

2012年考研英语阅读热点词汇汇总教育词汇education学历educational background教育程度educational history学历curriculum课程major主修minor副修educational highlights课程重点部分curriculum included课程包括specialized courses专门课程courses taken所学课程courses completed所学课程special training特别训练social practice社会实践part-time jobs业余工作summer jobs暑期工作vacation jobs假期工作refresher course进修课程extracurricular activities课外活动physical activities体育活动recreational activities娱乐活动academic activities学术活动social activities社会活动rewards奖励scholarship奖学金"Three Goods" student三好学生excellent League member优秀团员excellent leader优秀干部student council学生会off-job training脱产培训in-job training在职培训educational system学制academic year学年semester学期〔美〕term学期〔英〕president校长vice-president副校长dean院长assistant dean副院长academic dean教务长department chairman系主任professor 教授associate professor副教授guest professor客座教授lecturer 讲师teaching assistant助教research fellow研究员research assistant助理研究员supervisor 论文导师principal中学校长〔美〕headmaster中学校长〔英〕master小学校长〔美〕dean of studies教务长dean of students教导主任probation teacher代课教师tutor家庭教师governess女家庭教师intelligence quotient(IQ) 智商pass及格fail不及格marks分数grades分数scores分数examination考试grade年级class班级monitor班长vice-monitor副班长commissary in charge of studies学习委员commissary in charge of entertainment文娱委员commissary in charge of sports体育委员commissary in charge of physical labor劳动委员Party branch secretary党支部书记League branch secretary团支部书记Commissary in charge of organization组织委员Commissary in charge of publicity宣传委员degree学位post doctorate博士后doctor(Ph.D)博士master硕士bachelor学士student学生graduate student研究生abroad student留学生returned student回国留学生foreign student外国学生undergraduate大学肄业生senior大学四年级学生；高中三年级学生Junior 大学三年级学生；高中二年级学生Sophomore 大学二年级学生；高中一年级学生Freshman 大学一年级学生Guest student旁听生〔英〕Auditor 旁听生〔美〕government-supported student公费生commoner自费生extern走读生day-student走读生intern实习生prize fellow奖学金生boarder寄宿生classmate同班同学schoolmate同校同学graduate毕业生scholar 学者Internet词汇internet, internet work, interconnection network 互联网, 又名互连网。

2012年考研英语新题型重要词汇总结

2012年考研英语新题型重要词汇总结这是一篇社会科学体裁的文章，以下是本文中出现的20个高频重点单词，让我们一起来学习一下吧！1. 2 fleeting ['fli:tɪŋ] a.飞逝的，短暂的【词根记忆】：fleet飘走+ing形容词后缀→飘走的→飞逝的【例句】：Time is fleeting; Time flies.时光飞逝。

2.22 wonder ['wʌndə] n. 惊奇,惊异;奇迹,奇事v. (at)诧异;想知道【联想记忆】：近义词question,marvel【例句】：I wonder who he is, where he came from and why he came. 我很想知道他是谁，从哪里来，来干什么。

3. 7 genius ['dʒi：nɪjəs] n.1.天才,天赋 2.天才人物【词根记忆】：gen(e)(基因) +iu (汉语拼音里优秀的秀xiu) +(u)s (我们)→我们身上都有优秀的基因，所以我们都是天才→n.1.天才,天赋 2.天才人物【例句】：It is impossible that a genius—at least a literary genius—can ever be discovered by his intimates; they are so close to him that he is out of focus to them. 天才——至少文学方面的天才——是不会被他身边亲近的人赏识的。

那些人离他太过接近而不会去关注他。

4. 7 fabulous ['fæbjuləs] a.寓言中的，寓言般的【词根记忆】：fabul演变自fable-寓言，ous-的【真题例句】：The second half of the 20th century saw a collection of geniuses, warriors, entrepreneurs and visionaries labour to create a fabulous machine...20世纪后半期涌现了一批天才、勇士、企业家和远见卓识者，他们发明了一种难以置信的机器...(2012年阅读新题型)5. 106 press [pres] n. 1. 报刊，报界，新闻界2. 出版社，通讯社3. 印刷机 4. 压，按，挤vt. &vi. 1. 压，按，挤2. 压榨，压迫3. 催促，逼迫【短语搭配】：press down on 按压press for竭力争取the press 报纸6. 58 manage ['mænɪdʒ] vt.1.管理，经营，处理 2.设法，对付 3.控制，操纵，驾驭vi.处理，设法对付【词根记忆】：man手+age动词后缀→用手→控制【短语搭配】：manage with用…设法对付manage to do sth挣扎做某事;设法完成某事manage without没有…而仍设法对付过去【例句】：Can you manage without help?你能无需帮助而自己设法干吗?《21世纪大英汉词典》7. 69 serve [sɜ：v] vt. 1. 为服务(服役)，任(职) 2. 接待，为端上3. 符合，适用于，满足4. 供应5. 度过(某段时间) 6. 发(球) vi. 1. 服务，供职，服役2. 伺候，接待3. 有用，用作，适合4. 发球【词根记忆】：serv(=to keep 表“保持”)+ e (不发音e)→始终保持在顾客身边的人→服务【短语搭配】：serve as担任…，充当…;起…的作用serve for充当;被用作;起…的作用serve with向……提供8. 3 distribute [dɪ'strɪbju:t] vt. 1. 分发，分送，分配 2. 使分布，散布【词根记忆】：dis(away)+tribute(给)→向外给东西→1. 分发，分送，分配【例句】：The electric element heats the air being circulated by the fan and evenly distributes it throughout the oven. 电阻丝将由风扇循环起来的空气加热，并将热空气均匀地散布到整个烤箱中。

考研英语真题单词-2012(英二)

2012（二）完形 - 平凡⽽而伟⼤大的G.I.JoePart1 单词1、liberate v.解放，使......⾃自由2、foxhole n.散兵坑3、abbreviation n.缩写词，缩写形式4、article n.物件，物品5、correspondent n.(尤其指驻外的)记者，通讯员6、portray v.扮演(某⻆角⾊色)7、capture v.⽤用武⼒力力夺取，攻占8、exhaustion n.筋疲⼒力力尽，耗尽Part2 短语1、military adventurism 军事冒险主义2、tear ... away from sth 使依依不舍地离开，忍痛离去3、Nazi reign of murder 纳粹的杀戮统治4、secretary of state (美国)国务卿，(英国)部⻓长Text 1 - 家庭作业的错误⽅方法 Part1 单词1、scorn v.蔑视，鄙视2、revise v.改变，修正3、ritual n.惯例例，⽼老老规矩，例例⾏行行公事4、inflexible a.顽固的，僵化的，缺乏弹性的5、mandate n.命令，指示6、address v.(着⼿手)解决、处理理(问题)7、impoverished a.贫困的8、chaotic a.混乱的9、contradictory a.(相互或⾃自相)⽭矛盾的10、implication n.含义，暗示11、skip v.不不做(本来应该做或常做的事)12、empower v.授权(某⼈人或某组织做某事)13、flat a.固定的14、across-the-board a.⼀一⼑刀切的15、thorny a.棘⼿手的16、conversely ad.相反的，另⼀一⽅方⾯面的17、hearing n.听证会，审讯，聆讯Part2 短语1、report card 成绩单2、put on hold 搁置，暂缓实施Text 2 - 粉红⾊色垄断⼥女女孩市场 Part1 单词1、pervasive a.普遍的，⽆无处不不在的2、intrinsically ad.从本质上(讲)3、fuse v.使熔合4、singular a.突出的，⾮非凡的5、associate a.副的6、nursery n.育⼉儿室，托⼉儿所7、pastel a.(⾊色彩的)淡的，柔和的8、amplify v.扩⼤大，增强9、dictate v.控制，⽀支配10、toddler n.幼童11、consumerism n.消费主义12、counsel n.建议13、magnify v.放⼤大，扩⼤大Text 3 - 基因专利利案之争 Part1 单词1、isolate v.分离(物质、疾病等以作研究)2、violently ad.激烈烈地，强烈烈地3、agitated a.紧张不不安的，焦虑的4、preliminary a.初步的，预备的5、overturn v.使倾覆，打翻6、prior a.较早的，先前的7、rule v.判定，裁定8、blessing n.幸事，幸运，福⽓气9、alike ad.同样都(⽤用于强调刚刚提及的两者)10、personalised a.个性化的11、suppress v.镇压，制⽌止，压制12、reward n.酬谢，报答，奖赏13、monopoly n.垄断者，垄断企业14、file v.提出，提交，发表15、molecule n.分⼦子genome n.基因组16、violate v.侵犯17、advance n.进步，进展18、suit n.诉讼，讼案19、domain n.领域，范围20、interact v.互动，相互关系correlation n.相互关系，关联21、convention n.会议session n.(⼀一系列列会议中的⼀一次) 会议22、shifting a.移动着的，变化着的23、landscape n.形势24、packed a.挤满⼈人的，⾮非常拥挤的Part2 短语1、federal appeals court 联邦上诉法院2、the Supreme Court 最⾼高法院3、federal judge 联邦法官4、hold patents to 持有...的专利利5、restrict access to 易易受...损害的6、file a patent for 对…提交申请专利利Text 4 - 失业所带来的改变 Part1 单词1、course n.⾃自然的进展，通常的过程2、reshape v.重塑3、lining n.衬⾥里里，⾥里里⼦子4、materialistic a.实利利主义的，物质主义的(含贬义)5、prudent a.明智谨慎的，节俭的6、fever n.狂热，⾼高度兴奋7、respect n.⽅方⾯面8、stagnation n.经济停滞9、mean-spirited a.⼼心胸狭隘的10、inclusive a.包容的，范围⼴广阔的11、sentiment n.观点，感想，意⻅见12、shrink v.(使)缩⼩小，(使)收缩13、reinforce v.加强，强化14、dim v.(使)变黯淡15、resentment n.怨⽓气，怨恨，不不满16、discern v.识别，看清，领悟17、lean a.不不景⽓气的18、poll n.⺠民意调查，⺠民意测验Part2 短语1、social fabric 社会结构2、silver linings ⼀一丝希望新题型 - 历史和伟⼈人 Part1 单词1、accomplish v.完成，实现2、sage n.哲⼈人，先知3、craze n.时尚，时髦，热潮4、approach v.对付，处理理，研究5、empathy n.同情，同感，共鸣6、inspiration n.启示，⿎鼓舞7、exemplary a.模范的，可做楷模的8、champion v.捍卫，维护9、cunning n.狡猾，狡诈10、ruthlessness n.⽆无情，冷酷11、commemorate v.庆祝，纪念12、catalogue n.⽬目录，名录13、furnish v.提供，供应14、resolute a.坚决的，坚定的15、steadfast a.忠诚的，坚贞不不渝的16、beacon n.引路路⼈人，指路路明灯17、bourgeois a.过分追求名利利的，注重物质享受的;市侩的，庸俗的18、epochal a.具有划时代意义的19、bombast a.空洞洞华丽的(⾔言论)20、hitherto 迄今，⾄至今21、immense a.巨⼤大的22、wage v.发动，进⾏行行(战争，战⽃斗)23、nurture v.培养，培育24、unpick v.拆去(⾐衣料料或编结物上的) 针脚,撬开25、multiplicity n.多样性26、downstairs n.底层(阶级)upstairs n.上层(阶级)Part2 短语1、the Renaissance ⽂文艺复兴(时期)翻译 - 流失还是获益 Part1 单词1、migration n.移⺠民2、prospect n.前景，很有可能会发⽣生的事情3、departure n.离开，启程4、privilege n.特权，特殊待遇，优惠5、emigrate v.移居国外immigration n.外来移⺠民；移居6、deprive v.剥夺Part2 短语1、Silicon Valley 硅⾕谷2、developing country 发展中国家3、come up with 提出；想出4、brain drain ⼈人才流失作⽂文 1 - 投诉Part1 单词1、replacement n.更更换2、satisfaction n.满意3、reach v.与...联系4、noisiness n.吵闹Part2 短语1、with intolerable frequency 让人无法忍受的频繁2、follow the warranty policy 履履⾏行行保修协议3、remote control 遥控器器4、unable to control temperature ⽆无法控制温度5、difficult to use 使⽤用困难6、to my dismay 令我难过的是7、shut itself down automatically ⾃自动关机作⽂文 2 - ⼯工作满意度 Part1 单词1、energetic a.有活⼒力力的2、competent a.有能⼒力力的3、professional n.专业⼈人⼠士4、consequent a.相应的5、occasional a.偶尔的6、mostly ad.⼤大部分地7、understandably ad.可以理理解地8、crown v.圆满完成或结束9、afflict v.使…苦恼Part2 短语1、relate to 与...相关2、career situation 职业情形3、at the age from ... to ... ...岁到...岁之间的4、younger crowd 更更年年轻的⼈人5、reach a career plateau 进⼊入职场⾼高原6、sense of powerlessness ⽆无⼒力力感7、reduce ... to ... 使陷⼊入(坏的)状况或情形中8、deep dissatisfaction 深深的不不满9、in an upward spiral 处在上升阶段10、career maturity 职业发展成熟11、retirement life 退休⽣生活12、career trouble 职场问题13、commodity price 物价14、middle-income consumer 中收⼊入消费者low-income consumer 低收⼊入消费者high-income consumer ⾼高收⼊入消费者。

2012年真题讲解 Text1

词汇1.stimulus n[C，U] 促进因素；刺激物2. undesirable adj 不好的；有害的3.probe v [I，T] 探究；细查4.evade v[T] 规避；回避5.illustrate v [T] (用示例、图表等)说明，阐明(某事物)6.behavioral adj. 行为的；行为方式的7.desirable adj. 合意的；理想的8.profound adj. 深远的；深刻的9.whispered adj. 低语的；细语的10.contend v [T] 主张(某事物)；认为11.recipient n[C] 接受者12.sponsor v [T] 赞助；资助14.haze n [C，U] 雾气；薄雾15.initiative n [C] 行动16.recruit v [T] 吸收(某人)为新成员，招募17.promising adj. 有前途的；有希望的18.perceptive adj. 有理解力的；有洞察力的19.critique n[C] 批评性的分析；评论；评论文章13.rage n [C，U] 狂怒；盛怒meness n[U] 令人不满意的地方21.spot-on adj. 恰如其分的；准确的22.mobilize v [T] 动用；利用23.demonstrate v [T] 显示；表露；表现24.flawed adj. 有缺陷的；错误的25.plead v [T] 极力主张26.billboard n[C] (户外)广告牌，广告招贴板27.convincingly adv 令人信服地28.advocate n[C] 拥护者，倡导者29.apply v[T] 使用；运用2. undesirable adj 不好的；有害的30.exploration n [U] 探索；探究31.glaring adj 突出的，明显的32.mixed adj 有好有坏的33.exert v[T] 施加(影响)34.emerging adj 刚出现的；新兴的35.via prep 通过，借助于(某种手段或人)36.subtle adj 难以察觉的37.imitate v [T] 模仿(某人的动作、言语或行为)38.bureaucrat n [C] 官僚39.steer v [T] 指导；引导40.virtuous adj 有德行的；品行好的41.tactic n[C] 手段；策略42.engineer v [T] 安排；策划43.a host of 众多；许多44.in action 在工作；在运转45.set out to do sth 试图做某事；打算做某事46.fail to do sth. 未能做某事47.nothing more than 仅仅；只不过48.fit in 被接受；相处融洽49.take a page from 学习；借鉴50.a body of 大量，大批(知识、信息等)51.break up 拆开；打散52.pair…with… 使(人或物)成对或成双真题self_checkText 1Come on—Everybody’s doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, iswhat most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure .It usually leads to no good-drinking, drugs and casual sex. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls social cure, in which organization and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the word.Rosenberg, the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize, offers a host of example of the social cure in action; In South Carolina, a state-sponsored antismoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncoil. In South Africa, an HIV-prevention initiative known as Love Life recruit young people to promote safe sex among their peers.The idea seems promising, and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer. Her critique of the Lameness of many public –health campaigns is spot-on, they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology. “Dare to be different, please don’t smoke!” pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in. Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure.But on the general effectiveness of the social cure. Rosenberg is less persuasive .Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful. The most glaring flaw of the social cure as it’s presented here is that it doesn’t work very well for very long. Rage Against the Haze failed once state funding was cut, Evidence that the Love Life program produces lasting changes is limited and mixed.There’s no doubt that our peer groups exert enormous influence on our behavior, An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits—as well as negative ones –spread through networks of friends via social communication. This is a subtle form of peer pressure: we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day.Far less certain, however, is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions. It’s like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing them with better—behaved classmates. The tactic never really works. And that’s the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside: in the real world, as in school, we insist on choosing our own friends.重点review经典句式分析1. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure canalso be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations andofficials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the world.2. "Dare to be different, please don’t smoke! " pleads one billboard campaign aimedat reducing smoking among teenagers—teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in.3. The most glaring flaw of the social cure as it’s presented here is that it doesn’t work very well for very long.4. An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits—as well as negative ones—spread through networks of friends via social communication.5. And that’s the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside: in the realworld, as in school, we insist on choosing our own friends.译文参考全文参考译文①“来吧，大家都在这样做。

2012年考研英语一单词整理

2012年单词整理完形：ethical 伦理的；道德的；legitimacy 合法；合理；正当guardian 监护人; 保护者；impartial 公正的；中立的ethics code 道德规范; 道德守则;framer 制定者envision 想象；预想permanent 永恒的；持久的; 稳定的;常务的liberty 自由; 许可权; 放肆; 解放，释放; property 特性，属性; 财产;道具; 所有权; inescapably 逃不掉地;eliminate 消除；消灭compromise 折中；妥协subject 服从于。

的；受。

支配的immune 免疫的；不受影响的prone 很可能做。

的；有。

倾向的stick 坚持；不改变；不放弃evade 躲开；逃避serve 服务division 划分；部门dismiss 对。

不屑一顾；驳回distort 扭曲；使变形；曲解suppress 镇压；压制；抑制exploit 利用；开发accessible 可被使用；得到；理解;可到达的amiable 友好的；和蔼可亲的accountable 应负责的；应作出解释的阅读第一篇：casual 随便的; 偶然的; 非正式的; 临时的; sex 性别；吸引；性recipient 接受者state-sponsor 州政府促成的recruit 新兵; 新学生;招聘；雇用; 得到补充perceptive 敏锐的；有洞察力的critique 批评；评论lameness 缺陷；不足之处spot-on 准确的mobilize 调动；动员plead 恳求; 以…为理由; 辩护;billboard 宣传；广告牌convincingly 信服地，有说服力地; irrelevant 不相干的;不恰当; 落后于潮流的; glare 明显的flaw 瑕疵; 一阵狂风; 短暂的风暴; 裂纹emerge 出现; 暴露; 摆脱;subtle 不易察觉的；微妙的imitate 模仿；效仿; 仿造bureaucrat 官员；官僚tactic 方法；策略supplement 补充；增刊stimulus 刺激obstacle to 障碍; 的障碍;undesirable 不良的；讨厌的；不方便的；不受欢迎的probe 探索；探究long-lasting 持久的；持续的；长期的; profound 深刻的；知识渊博的；深渊questionable 可疑的；不真实的阅读第二篇supplier 供应者；供应商provoke 煽动; 挑起; 招致; 使愤怒; outrage 义愤；愤怒longstanding 长时间的commitment 承诺;委托; 致力;abide 遵守; 容忍; 等候; 持续;居住，逗留; constitutionality 合乎宪法stun 打击；刺激；使吃惊corporation 公司；法人；团体partial 部分的；不完全的collapse 倒塌；坍塌；突然倒下leakage 渗漏；泄露enrage 激怒；使暴怒legislation 立法；法律；法规precedent-setting 开创先例的检验patchwork 补丁；拼缝物Plymouth 普利茅斯（英国港市）;pledge 保证给予；正式承诺pilgrim 朝圣者；朝圣；流浪condemn 谴责reaffirm 重申innovativeness 创新性；vision 远见；视觉；美景；幻想；想象力capacity 能力；性能；容量；最大限度的nuclear 核能；原子的defied 蔑视withdraw 撤回阅读第三篇version 版本; 译文; 说法;ambiguous 含糊的，不明确的; 引起歧义的; complicate 复杂的；麻烦的；使卷入subsequent 随后的；后来的misinterpretation 误解self-deception 自欺abound 充满; 丰富; 大量存在; protoscience 源科学stake 用桩支撑；标桩mining 采矿scrutiny 仔细而彻底的检查credibility 可信；可靠gatekeeper 看门人confrontation 对抗; 对峙; 面对; 遭遇; paradox 自相矛盾的话；悖论prevail 流行; 获胜; 说服;duplication 重复；复制modification 修改；修饰；改变refutation 辩驳；反驳disbelief 不相信；怀疑Nobel 诺贝尔laureate 资金correspond 相一致；符合revise 校订；修正uncertainly 不确定性；犹豫不决的deceptiveness 欺骗；虚伪logical 逻辑；合乎常理的；符合逻辑的objectivity 客观性；客观实在systematicness 系统性；规则性regularity 规律性；正规；整齐strict 严格；精确的；绝对的；严谨的inspection 审查；检阅individual 个人的；独特的persistent 不断；持续的editor 编辑reviewer 评论家quoted 引用；报价；justified 合理的；调整；证明。

[实用参考]2012年考研英语第四篇阅读重要词汇整理

20PP年考研英语第四篇阅读重要词汇整理这是一篇关于某些西方国家中存在的社团和政府组成人员关系的政治性文章，文章总体难度不大，其中的超纲单词也不是很多，这篇文章主要是为大家介绍20个高频重点单词，希望大家在学习中，认真复习和准备相应的词汇。

1.25unionist['juːnɪənɪst]n.公会成员，联盟成员【词根记忆】：uni(一)+on(名词后缀)+ist(表示人的名词后缀)→同一个机构里的人→公会成员，联盟成员【真题例句】：IfthetradeunionistJimmPHoffawerealivetodaP,hewouldprobablPrepresen tcivilservant.如果贸易公会成员JimmPHoffa今天依然在世的话，他可能能够代表公务员成员。

(20PP年阅读TeGt4)2.14represent[,rɛprɪ'zɛnt]vt.1.作为的代表(或代理)2.表示，象征3.描绘，表现【词根记忆】：re(=again)+present(感觉)→另一种感觉，代表别人感觉→代表，象征【短语搭配】：knowledgerepresentation知识表示;知识表达sPmbolicrepresentation符号表示;符号表征;符号性表象【真题例句】：Now,90PearsafterthefirstconcessionofequalstatusinourdemocracP,wome narestillunderrepresentedand,often,underrepresentedinCanadianpolitics.现在，在我们民主国家的平等地位获得认可的90年之后，女性在加拿大政界还没有足够的代表权或者说完全没有代表权。

(20PP年TeGt4)3.5associate[ə'soʃɪet]vt.联想;交往;联合;n.伙伴;a.联合的【词根记忆】：as(to)+soci(伙伴的)+ate(动词后缀)→使成为伙伴→伙伴，联想【短语搭配】：associateprofessor副教授associatewithv.联合;与…联系在一起;和…来往【真题例句】：Britain’sLaborPartP,asitsnameimplies,haslongbeenassociatedwithtradeunionism.英国劳动党，正如其名字暗示的那样，已经和贸易联盟联合已久。

2012年考研英语阅读第一篇重要词汇

2012年考研英语阅读第一篇重要词汇这篇文章主要讨论Tina Rosenberg针对同辈压力提出的反对意见。

以下是本文中出现的10个高频重点单词，就让我们一起来学习吧！1.28peer [pɪə]n. 同龄人;同等地位的人;贵族vt. 盯着看【短语搭配】：peer at 盯着看peer pressure来自同辈的压力【真题例句】：They fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology. 这些运动无法利用来自同辈的压力去让人们养成健康的习惯，并且它们对人群心理的认知是有极大偏颇。

2. 11 casual ['kæʒjʊəl]a. 随便的;非正式的;偶然的【词根记忆】：cas(掉落)+ual(形容词后缀)→从天而降的→偶然的【短语搭配】：casual wear便装，休闲服【真题例句】：It usually leads to no good—drinking, drugs and casual sex. (同辈的压力)通常会导致不好的现象发生——酗酒，吸毒或者性乱等。

3. 5contend [kən'tend]v. 主张;声称;斗争【词根记忆】：con(一起)+tend(伸展)→一起你拉我夺→争论【真题例句】：Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the world. 但蒂娜·罗森博格在其新书《加入俱乐部》中称，这种同龄人的压力也可以通过她所谓的“社会疗法”成为一种积极的力量，在这种治疗过程中，官方人员可以用群体的活力去帮助个人去提升人们的生活质量，甚至可以让整个世界变的更好。

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考研英语词汇大全之2012年考研英语
真题词汇讲解
考研英语大纲词汇5500，要全部熟练掌握不是那么容易，尤其对于背单词尤为头疼的考生，在背单词时最好能够把握一些重点和常考词汇，主次分明，更加有效率。

下面凯程在线分享历年真题中涉及的词汇，配以真题例句，帮助考生更好的来学习。

下面是2012年真题词汇讲解，大家看看。

1.maintain (vt.维持)
[真题例句] The court cannot maintain its legitimacy as guard an of the rule of law when justices behave like politicians.当法官的行为像政客一样时，法院便不能维持其作为法律规则捍卫者的公正性。

2.weaken(vt.削弱)
[真题例句]Yet，in several instances,justices acted in ways that weakened the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial.然而，在一些案例中，法官的行为损害了法庭独立、公正的的声誉。

3.accept……as……(接受)
[真题例句]That kind of activtiy makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be accepted as impartial judgments.那种行为使得人们认为法院的裁决不太可能是公正合理的。

4.bind(vt.约束)
[真题例句] Part of the problem is that the justices are not bound by an ethics code.这个问题是在某种程度上是由于法官不受道德准则的约束。

【考研，2012，完形】
5.subject .(a.服从的)，apply (v.适用)
[真题例句] At the very least，the court should make itself subject to the code of conduct that applies to the rest of the federal judiciary.至少，法院应该服从于那些适用于其他联邦司法部门的行为准则。

【考研，2012，完形】
6.raise (vt.提出)，line in(n.界线)
[真题例句] This and other similar cases raise the question of whether there is still a line between the court and politics.这个案件和其他一些类似的案件让人质疑在法庭和政界之间是否仍然存在界线。

【考研，2012，完形】
7.envision……as……(把…设想成…)
[真题例句] The framers of theConstitution envisioned law as having authority apart from politics.宪法的制定者们曾设想让法律有独立于政治之外的权力。

【考研，2012，完形】
8.upset (vt.使生气).cultivate (vt.培养)
[真题例句]They gave justices permanent positions so they would be free to upset those in power and have no need to cultivate political support.他们给法官永久性的职位，因此法官不会担心得罪当权者，也不需要培植政治上的支持。

【考研，2012，完形】
9.tie(vt.联系)
[真题例句]Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely tied.我们的司法制度之所以将法律和政治分开，正是因为它们的联系太过紧密。

【考研，2012，完形】
10.concept (n.观念)
[真题例句] Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social concepts like liberty and property.宪法具有政治性，因为它产生于那些根植于诸如自由和财产等基本社会观念的选择。

【考研,2012,完形】
11.shape(vt..形成),dismiss (vt..驳回)
[真题例句] When the court deals with social policy decisions,the law it shapes is inescapably political——which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily dismissde as unjust.当法院处理社会政策的裁决时，它所形成的法律不可避免地带有政治色彩——这就是那些由于思想路线不同而导致有分歧的裁决很容易以不公正为由而被驳回的原因。

【考研,2012,完形】
12.address(vt.处理)，accountable (a.负有责任的)
[真题例句] The justices must address doubts about the court’s legitimacy by making themselves accountable to the code of conduct.法院必须对行为准则负责，以处理公众质疑法院公正性的问题。

【考研,2012,完形】
13.renege on (违背)
[真题例句] The company provoked justified outrage in Vermont last week when it announced it was reneging on a longstanding commitment to abide by the state’s strict nuclear regulations.上周，当该公司直市背弃长期遵守该州严格的核法规的承诺时，它激起了佛蒙特州(人)的合理愤慨。

【考研，2012，阅读】。