PHP, Perl, Python, Ruby命令对照表

invoke class method
Counter::getInstances()
Counter.instances reflection
php object id inspect type gettype(array()) == "array" ref([]) eq "ARRAY"
perl id(o)
} package Counter; use Moose; extends 'Int'; my $instances = 0; sub BUILD { $instances += 1; } sub incr { my $self = shift; my $v = $self->value; $self->value($v + 1); } sub instances { $instances; } no Moose; Counter->instances();
PHP, Perl, Python, Ruby命令对照表B---Interpreted Languages：PHP ; # or $i = new Int(); i = Int() my $i = Int->new(); $i2 = new Int(7); i2 = Int(7) my $i2 = new Int(value => 7);
}
inheritance
class Counter Int { private staticextends $instances = 0; function __construct($int=0) { Counter::$instances += 1; parent::__construct($int); } function incr() { $this->value++; } static function getInstances() { return $instnguages: PHP , Perl, Python, Ruby (Sheet Two)
a side-by-side reference sheet
专业资Perl, Python, Ruby命令对照表B---Interpreted Perl Python Ruby sheet one: arithmetic and logic | strings | regexes | dates and time | arrays | dictionaries | Languages：PHP functions | execution control
foo.bar.baz()
namespace Foo\Bar; \Foo\Bar\baz();
none, but a long module name can be shortened
from foo import *
only class names评价文档： can be imported
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$ perldoc perllocal $ cpan -i Moose
$ pip freeze $ pip install jinja2
in setup.py:
#!/usr/bin/env python package specification format from distutils.core import setup setup( name='foo', author='Joe Foo', version='1.0', description='a package', py_modules=['foo']) objects php class Int { public $value; define class } function $this->value __construct($int=0) = $int; { } perl package Int; use Moose; has value => (is => 'rw', default => 0, isa => 'Int'); no Moose; 1; my $i = new Int(); # or my $i = Int->new(); class Int: def __init__(self, self.value = v v=0): python
private by default
# in plus package: sub { my $self = shift; $self->value + $_[0]; } $i->plus(7) # in package: sub DEMOLISH { my $self = shift; my $v = $self->value; print "bye, $v\n"; } our # in$AUTOLOAD; package: sub AUTOLOAD { my $self = shift; my $argc = scalar(@_); print "no def: $AUTOLOAD"
method missing
function __call($name, $args) { $argc = count($args); echo "no def: $name " . "arity: $argc\n";
def __getattr__(self, name): s = 'no def: '+name+' arity: %d' return lambda *a: print(s % len(a))
public; attributes starting with underscore private by convention
def plus(self,v): return self.value + v i.plus(7)
invoke method
destructor
def __del__(self): print('bye, %d' % self.value)
(13人评价) | 546人阅读 | 52次下载 | 举报文档
none none
none
if __name__ == '__main__': code
namespace Foo;
put declarations in foo.py create directory foo in library path containing file bar.py
files | directories | processes and environment sheet two: libraries and modules | objects | reflection | web | tests | debugging and profiling | java interop | contact libraries and modules php load library reload library library path library path environment variable library path command line option main in library module declaration submodule declaration module separator import all definitions in module import definitions managing multiple installations list installed packages, install a package require_once("foo.php"); require("foo.php"); $o = ini_get("include_path"); $n = $o . ":/some/path"; ini_set("include_path", $n); require 'Foo.pm'; # or require Foo; # or use Foo; do 'Foo.pm'; push @INC, "/some/path"; PERL5LIB -I unless (caller) { code } package Foo; require Exporter; our @ISA = ("Exporter"); our @EXPORT_OK = qw(bar baz); package Foo::Bar; Foo::Bar::baz(); # imports symbols in @EXPORT: use Foo; # bar and baz must be in 下载 # @EXPORT 1 /15 or @EXPORT_OK: 1 下载券 use Foo qw(bar baz); perl import foo reload(foo) sys.path.append('/some/path') PYTHONPATH python
python
returns object for objects
returns empty string if argument not a reference; returns package name for objects
SCALAR ARRAY HASH CODE REF GLOB LVALUE FORMAT IO VSTRING Regexp ref($o) eq "Foo"