初高中衔接之音标复习

PracticeIV
• /əu/ o o+e ow oa uo oe ough • old own open over ocean odor wrote quote loaf moan polar float phone bold motion moment hotel toe row flow echo sow dough bow tomato window gold • to hold one’s breath a cold drink No smoking! • The old man lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely. • A rolling stone gathers no moss(滚石不生苔）
Practice I
• /i/ i y e a u ey ay ie ai
• it, pig, sink pretty delay remain begin coffee explain Sunday • a big clinic a bit chilly sixty women • A little learning is a dangerous thing. • His six-year old sister is as fit as a fiddle. • Why is Sister Lily sitting there knitting in silence?
Practice III
• [ə] a o u e ea io er or ar
• abroad approve attack advance soldier labour together distance ocean seldom doctor sugar • Bread and butter salt and pepper again and again • The teacher will get together tomorrow. • Do you prefer the cinema or the theater?
Practice I
• /Z/ /e/ a e ea eo ei ie
• debt friend heaven metal section attend connect • wet with sweat the next sentence terrible weather press the bell fresh and energetic • All is well that ends well. • East or west, home is the best. • Good, better, best, / Never let it rest; / Till good is better, / And better best.
• 由于英语的拼写形式和读音有很大的分歧, 所以无法 完全根据字母来读音。为了精确地学习和掌握语音, 就要借助一种注音手段来弥补这一缺陷, 于是便产生 了一定数量的精确记录语音的符号，叫做“音符” (Phonetic symbols) • 国际音标（旧称万国音符）是国际语音学协会（IPA --- International Phonetic Association) 于 1888年拟定的一套为各国语言注音的语音符号。我们 这里所说的国际音标是专门为英语注音的那一部分标 音符号。目前我国通用的国际音标共有48个, 其中, 元音音标20个,辅音音标28个。
Practice II
• [ɔ] 【ɒ】 o a ou ow
• watch block honour college knowledge swallow occupy policy cough wash • quality and quantity cotton socks borrow a clock a pocket watch • The coffee is top quality. • When the shop was robbed, everbody was shocked. • Lost time is never found again.
Attention!!!
发以上12个单元音时要注意以下几点： (a)发音之前要按照发音方法和位置的要求先将口型和发音 器官的位置摆好，然后再发音，不可边发音、边摆口型； (b)发音过程中, 口型及各发音器官的位置一定不要改变； (c) 发 / i: /, / i /, / e /, / æ / 4个前元音时, 唇 的扁平度依次缩小, 牙床的开合度依次加大；发 / i: / 音时前舌抬得最高, 发/ æ / 音时, 前舌最低； (d) 发 / ɔ /, / ɔ:/, / u /, / u:/ 4 个圆唇音时, 唇 形依次缩小； (e) 带“:”与不带“:”的同一符号的音素之间绝不单纯是音 的长短不同的关系，而是两个不同的音素。
PracticeII
/a:/ a ar au al ear er
• fast glance market demand remark heart clerk • a large parcel a basket of bananas master of arts after the bath • Farmer Barnes is a hard man for a bargain, but he isn’t hard-hearted. • Far from eye, far from heart.
国际音标教学法图示
20辅音
3
2
3
20元音
[b][p] [dz][ts] [m] [w] [l] [i:] [i] [ai][ei][ɔi] [d][t] [ʤ] [ʧ] [n] [j] [r] [u:][u] [iə] [h] [ɔ:][ɔ] [g][k] [tr][dr] [ŋ] [ɛə][uə] [v][f] [ə:][ə] [au][əu] [z] [s] [ɑ:][ʌ] [æ ][e] [ʒ] [ʃ] [ð][θ]
PracticeI
• /i:/ a e ea ee ei i ie eo ey
• eat key grief breeze feature immediate convenient • a team leader the Chinese people a real secret a piece of lean meat • Jean is as busy as a bee? • A friend in need is a friend indeed. • Seeing is believing
PracticeII
/ɔ:/ /ɔr/ ar oar oor ore our al au aw oa ou ough
• all awe always oar author board force daughter portrait forward quarter
• All in all more and more a short story
Practice III
early earth earnest urban earning earthly work hurt bird world person dirty purse term her sir stir refer prefer incur occur fur were church • the German expert a nervous nurse perfect service • First come, first served. • It’s the early bird that catches the worm.
• Paul’s four and can walk and talk.
• The storm is drawing near – let’s go indoors • Pride goes before a fall.
PracticeII
• /u/ /ʊ/ o oo ou (oo常在t,d,k前读/u/ ） • classroom look good food woman wood could pudding understood should full butcher bullet woolen • Push and pull good books • by hook or by crook • So I took a broom and left the room. • How much wood would a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood? He'd chuck as much wood as a woodchuck could chuck wood.
Practice I
• [æ ] • and bag catch happen thank fancy absent anxious avenue salary practical • A happy family hand in hand caps and hats • What daddy said made me sad. • A rat is running along a narrow track. • Don’t let the cat out of the bag.
• 双元音是作为一个音节、用一次呼气发出来的 两个元音的连缀。这个连缀是以滑流音的形式 读出来的，即舌从第一个元音的位置向第二个 元音方向以最直接的途径滑过去而成为一个音。 双元音既然是滑流音，自然与一般元音连缀不 同，如：( a-i ) “阿姨”；( a-u ) “阿五”。 双元音的两个成分中只有第一个读得比较重、 长和清晰，第二个则要读得比较轻、短和含糊。
PracticeII
/u:/ o oo ou u ue oe ui ew • youth fruit pupil blue flew shoe do too grew chew bamboo canoe glue tomb improve • A blue balloon, an afternoon in June • Don’t lose the opportunity. • The news is too good to be true. • The rule is useful once in a blue moon.