高考英语大一轮新优化复习考点强化练6Unit1Culturalrelics新人教必修20118137

Unit 1 Cultural relics
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2018·全国Ⅲ)
Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are,like a nearby port or river.People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade.New York City,for example,is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River.Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million.But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time.Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight.In 1896,Dawson,Canada,was unmapped wilderness(荒野).But gold was discovered there in 1897,and two years later,it was one of the largest cities in the West,with a population of 30,000.
Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris.People went there for gold.They travelled over snow-covered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers.The path to Dawson was covered with thirty
feet of wet snow that could fall without warning.An avalanche(雪崩)once closed the path,killing 63 people.For many who made it to Dawson,however,the rewards were worth the difficult trip.Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold,4,000 got rich.About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.
But no matter how rich they were,Dawson was never comfortable.Necessities like food and wood were very expensive.But soon,the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found.The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down,and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska,they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come.Today,people still come and go—to see where the Canadian gold rush happened.Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City—its present population is 762.
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。

城市自有它形成的原因。

本文主要介绍加拿大城市Dawson(道森),它昔日因为金矿而迅速兴起,现在则只能以旅游业作为主产业。

1.What attracted the early settlers to New York City?
A.Its business culture.
B.Its small population.
C.Its geographical position.
D.Its favourable climate.
these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for
example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River.”可知,像纽约市这样的城市往往占据重要的地理位置,交通、通信和贸易方便,由此推知答案为C项。

2.What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?
A.Two-thirds of them stayed there.
B.One out of five people got rich.
C.Almost everyone gave up.
D.Half of them died.
rich. About 100 of these sta yed rich men for the rest of their lives.”可知,最早来淘金的20,000人里,有4,000人依靠挖掘黄金致富,占总人数的1/5,所以答案为B项。

3.What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?
A.They found the city too crowded.
B.They wanted to try their luck elsewhere.
C.They were unable to stand the winter.
D.They were short of food.
been found. The city was crowded...when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had co me.”可知,金矿被开采殆尽,特别是当得知阿拉斯加发现新的金矿后,人们已经没有兴趣继续留在这里。

据此得出导致很多人离开Dawson的主要原因是要到别处寻找新的金矿,答案为B项,A项并非原因;C项文中没有提及,所以排除;最后一段虽然提到“Necessities like food and wood were very expensive.”,但这并不是导致人们离开的主要原因,所以排除D项。

4.What is the text mainly about?
A.The rise and fall of a city.
B.The gold rush in Canada.
C.Journeys into the wilderness.
D.Tourism in Dawson.
A项“一座城市的兴衰”;B项“加拿大淘金热”;C项“荒野之旅”;D项“道森的旅游业”。

文中主要介绍加拿大城市Dawson(道森)因为金矿而崛起,又因为金矿被开采殆尽而衰落,经济只能依靠旅游业支撑,所以A项能准确概括文章内容;文章重心在讲城市的形成,而非淘金热活动本身,所以B项排除;C项与文章内容不符,排除;道森的旅游业只在文章最后一段最后一句提到,不能作为主旨内容。

B
(2018·浙江湖州五月适应性考试)
If you are planning on travelling,there are a few simple rules about how to make life easier both before and after your journey.
First of all,always check and double-check departure time.It is amazing how few people really do this carefully.Once I arrived at the airport a few minutes after ten.My secretary had got the ticket for me and I thought she had said that the plane left at 10:50.When I arrived at the airport,the clerk at the departure desk told me that my flight was closed.Therefore,I had to wait three hours for the next one and missed an important meeting.
The second rule is to remember that even in this age of credit cards,it is still important to have at least a little of the local currency with you when you arrive in a country.This can be necessary if you are flying to a place few tourists normally visit.A few years ago I was sent to Tulsa,Oklahoma.I flew there from London via Dallas,with very little time to change planes in between.I arrived there at midnight and the bank at the airport was closed.The only way to get to my hotel was by taxi but because I had no dollars,I offered to pay in pounds instead.“Listen!I only take real money!” The driver said angrily.Luckily I was able to borrow a few dollars from a clerk at the hotel,but it was very embarrassing.
The third and last rule is to find out as much as you can about the weather at your destination before you leave.I feel sorry for some of my workmates who travel in heavy suits and raincoats in May,when it is still fairly cool in London or Manchester,to places like Athens,Rome or Madrid,where it is already beginning to get warm during the day.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。

作者结合自己的亲身经历告诉读者,在旅游出发前及游玩过程中应该注意的一些事项。

5.According to the passage,it’s obvious that .
A.the author learns some rules of travelling from his own experience
B.the author doesn’t plan his trips or journeys carefully
C.Englishmen like to wear heavy suits wherever they travel
D.the American taxi driver never travels to England
,作者从自己的亲身旅游经历中学到了一些经验教训。

故选A项。

6.What does the underlined word “there” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A.London.
B.Manchester.
C.Tulsa.
D.Dallas.
flew there...”可知,there此处指“Tulsa”。

故选C项。

7.What can we learn from the passage?
A.People should choose warm places as their travel destinations.
B.People don’t have to take credit cards when traveling.
C.One should know more about the weather of the place he’ll visit.
D.One should take enough change when traveling to other countries.
,由于不了解旅游目的地的天气情况,一些英国人在当地还比较寒冷的五月却穿着厚厚的衣服到比较暖和的地方游玩。

故选C项。

Ⅱ.七选五
(2018·安徽江淮十校第二次联考)
Life getting you down?Learn to bounce back
“That which does not kill us makes us stronger,” Nietzsche said.There ar e a number of ways that can get us through tough times,help us to bounce back and make us happier. 1
Find something you can control.
2 But taking small,positive steps in any area of our life can have a ripple effect,enabling us to move forward in the problem area.
3
As a species,we tend to focus on what’s wrong rather than what’s right.But we can benefit a lot from paying attention to what’s going right.Psychologists have shown consciously focusing on these good things helps to increase our experience of positive emotions.
Check your thinking.
4 Leading psychologist Martin Seligman found that the way we interpret the causes of everyday setbacks can have a significant impact on our ability to cope and our physical health.He also showed we can learn more resilient (有弹性的) thinking styles.
Distract yourself.
When we are immersed in a problem,it is hard to think creatively about ways to deal with it.It often helps to take time out from the things you are worrying about.
5 Not only does this give us a b reak from what we’re doing and our worries,it’s also great for our minds.
A.Always do something that is right.
B.It’s true that there are lots of things we can’t control.
C.An effective way of taking time out is exercise.
D.Next time you are feeling stressed or stuck,give them a try.
E.Focus on what’s right.
F.Next time something goes wrong for you,pause for a moment.
G.The way we think can destroy our own resilience.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。

有时候生活中的诸多因素会给人们带来压力,让人心情沮丧。

但是在困难的时候有很多方法可以帮助我们恢复原有的精神,让我们更加快乐。

1.D 上文提到了有很多方法可以帮助我们渡过难关,帮我们重新振作,让我们更加快乐,而下文则
是对这些方法的介绍,D项的内容可以起到承上启下的作用。

故选D项。

2.B 本段标题是建议人们找一些自己可以控制的事情做,从中获得信心,再根据后句的转折可知B
项符合语境。

故选B项。

3.E 根据本段中的focus on,pay attention to等关键信息,尤其是第一句话可以判断选E项。

A 项的侧重点是让人们去做正确的事情,作为本段的小标题不合适。

4.G 根据段落小标题和下文内容可知本段讨论的是思维方式对人的影响。

故选G项。

5.C 前句内容是建议人们要学会从忧虑中走出来,后句提到这样做的好处,由此判断C项符合语境。

故选C项。

Ⅲ.应用文写作
学校发现最近经常有学生违反学校规定,通过美团、饿了么等手机App点购外卖。

假设你是新华中学学生会主席李华,请你代表学生会拟一份书面通知。

内容包括:
1.重申禁令;
2.陈述禁令原因;
3.呼吁同学们自觉遵守学校规定。

词数要求:80词左右。

参考词汇:禁止ban,禁令restriction,违反violate,美团Meituan,饿了么Eleme
Notice
Notice
Recently,some students are found secretly ordering takeout on “Meituan” or “Eleme”,which obviously violates the school restrictions.Food safety has always been a big concern to us all,and the violation has undoubtedly doubled our trouble with this problem as well as our school management.
To strictly enforce the school regulation,the Student Union is emphasizing this restriction here again.Please do your little bit to make our campus clean and harmonious.Your effort will really make a big difference.
Student Union
精美句子
1、善思则能“从无字句处读书”。

读沙漠，读出了它坦荡豪放的胸怀；读太阳，读出了它普照万物的无私；读春雨，读出了它润物无声的柔情。

读大海，读出了它气势磅礴的豪情。

读石灰，读出了它粉身碎骨不变色的清白。

2、幸福幸福是“临行密密缝，意恐迟迟归”的牵挂；幸福是“春种一粒粟，秋收千颗子”的收获. 幸福是“采菊东篱下，悠然见南山”的闲适；幸福是“奇闻共欣赏，疑义相与析”的愉悦。

幸福是“随风潜入夜，润物细无声”的奉献；幸福是“夜来风雨声，花落知多少”的恬淡。

幸福是“零落成泥碾作尘，只有香如故”的圣洁。

幸福是“壮志饥餐胡虏肉，笑谈渴饮匈奴血”的豪壮。

幸福是“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”的胸怀。

幸福是“人生自古谁无死，留取丹心照汗青”的气节。

3、大自然的语言丰富多彩：从秋叶的飘零中，我们读出了季节的变换；从归雁的行列中，我读出了集体的力量；从冰雪的消融中，我们读出了春天的脚步；从穿石的滴水中，我们读出了坚持的可贵；从蜂蜜的浓香中，我们读出了勤劳的甜美。

4、成功与失败种子，如果害怕埋没，那它永远不能发芽。

鲜花，如果害怕凋谢，那它永远不能开放。

矿石，如果害怕焚烧（熔炉），那它永远不能成钢（炼成金子）。

蜡烛，如果害怕熄灭（燃烧），那它永远不能发光。

航船，如果害怕风浪，那它永远不能到达彼岸。

5、墙角的花，当你孤芳自赏时，天地便小了。

井底的蛙，当你自我欢唱时，视野便窄了。

笼中的鸟，当你安于供养时，自由便没了。

山中的石！当你背靠群峰时，意志就坚了。

水中的萍！当你随波逐流后，根基就没了。

空中的鸟！当你展翅蓝天中，宇宙就大了。

空中的雁！当你离开队伍时，危险就大了。

地下的煤！你燃烧自己后，贡献就大了
6、朋友是什么？
朋友是快乐日子里的一把吉它，尽情地为你弹奏生活的愉悦；朋友是忧伤日子里的一股春风，轻轻地为你拂去心中的愁云。

朋友是成功道路上的一位良师，热情的将你引向阳光的地带；朋友是失败苦闷中的一盏明灯，默默地为你驱赶心灵的阴霾。

7、一粒种子，可以无声无息地在泥土里腐烂掉，也可以长成参天的大树。

一块铀块，可以平庸无奇地在石头里沉睡下去，也可以产生惊天动地的力量。

一个人，可以碌碌无为地在世上厮混日子，也可以让生命发出耀眼的光芒。

8、青春是一首歌，她拨动着我们年轻的心弦；青春是一团火，她点燃了我们沸腾的热
血；青春是一面旗帜，她召唤着我们勇敢前行；青春是一本教科书，她启迪着我们的智慧和心灵。