Review of Units 1-4词句精讲精练

Review of Unit 1-4
词句精讲精练
词汇精讲
1.honest
（1）honest 作形容词，意为“诚实地；正直地，坦率地”。

例如：
All my life I have tried to be an honest man. 我一生都想做一个诚实的人。

He is an honest businessman, according to what everyone says.
根据大家所说，他是位诚实的商人。

Give me your honest opinion. 请坦率地说出你的意见。

（2）to be honest (with you)意为“坦白地说，老实地告诉你”。

例如：
To be honest, I don’t know anything about it. 老实说，我对此事一无所知。

（3）honest 的常用搭配：
be honest in (doing) sth. 诚实地做某事
be honest with sb. 对某人以坦诚相待
be honest about sth. 对某事诚实
例如：
She is always honest with her customers. 她对顾客总是诚实的。

（4）honest 派生词：
honesty 诚实；honestly 诚实地；dishonest 不诚实的；dishonesty 不诚实
2.voice
voice 作名词，意为“声音，嗓音”。

用于人时，指说话、歌唱或发笑的声音，也可指发言权。

用于其它方面时，常含悦耳之声，如鸟鸣声，乐器声音等。

例如：
He talked of his trip to Hong Kong in a cheerful voice.
他兴高采烈地谈了他的香港之行。

She has a sweet voice. 她声音很甜美。

【拓展】
（1）noise 可以作可数名词，也可以用作不可数名词，表示“人们不愿听到的声音或嘈杂声” 。

例如：
I heard some strange noises last night. 昨夜我听见一些奇怪的响声。

There’s a lot of noise here. 这个地方人声嘈杂。

（2）sound 泛指自然界的任何声音，不论其高低、是否悦耳等。

例如：
I heard the sound of running water. 我听见流水声。

Light travels faster than sound. 光比声音传播得快。

3.patient
patient 作为形容词，意为“有耐性的；忍耐的”。

它的名词形式patience，意思是“耐心；容忍”。

例如：
Sorry. Doctor Song is quite busy now. You should be patient and wait for a few minutes.
对不起，宋医生现在很忙，你要耐心些，再等几分钟。

It was hard work and required all his patience.
工作很艰巨，需要他有极大的耐心。

patient 还可以作名词，意为“病人”。

例如：
He is a patient with cancer. But he still lives quite happily every day.
他是一个癌症患者，但他每天仍然活得很快乐。

1
She was tough but wonderful with her patients.
她很严厉，但对患者却很好。

4.offer
(1)offer 是动词，意为“主动提供”。

例如：
They will offer drinks during the meeting. 会议期间他们将提供饮料。

The young man offered an old man his own seats.
= The young man offered his own seat to an old man.
那个年轻人把自己的座位让给了一位老人。

(2)offer 的常见搭配：
offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物例如：
He offered me a glass of wine. 他端给我一杯酒。

5.fewer
fewer 意为“更少的”，是few 的比较级形式。

例如：
Fewer people study Latin today than before. 现在学拉丁语的人比以前少了。

【拓展】
例如：
We have little time to do it. 我们几乎没有时间来做这件事。

She is new here. So she has few friends. 她是新来的，所以几乎没有朋友。

They have just been away for a few minutes. 他们刚离开几分钟。

There is a little milk in the fridge. We don’t need to buy it today.
冰箱里还有一点牛奶，我们今天不需要去买。

6.win
win是动词，意为“赢得；打败；战胜”，其现在分词要双写n，再加-ing，过去式和过去分词
均为won。

例如：
I won a prize last week. 我上周得奖了。

They won the football match yesterday. 他们昨天赢得了那场足球比赛。

【拓展】
win和beat的辨析：
(1)win强调赢得“比赛、游戏、战争”，获得“名次、奖品”。

例如：
win a prize得奖
win a game赢得比赛
win a battle 赢得战斗
(2)beat强调“打败，战胜”，其后只能接比赛、竞争的对手。

另外beat也表示指多次或连续地撞击和拍打。

例如：
I think Jack can beat all the runners in the country.
我认为杰克可以胜过这个国家的所有赛跑选手。

There was dead silence except for a fly beating against the glass.
当时一片寂静，只听见一只苍蝇不停地撞击着玻璃。

7.arrive
（1）arrive 意为“到达”，是不及物动词，如果后面接地点副词，如：home, there, here 等词，不需要再加介词。

后接地点名词时，应加介词in 或at。

大地方用in，如country, city 等；小地方用at，如school, hotel, stop 等。

例如：
They arrived in Beijing yesterday. 他们昨天到的北京。

When you arrive home, please give me a call. 到家的时候请给我打个电话。

【拓展】
get to
arrive in reach +Beijing(地点名词)
get
arrive
+ home; here; there(地点副词)
8.enjoy oneself
enjoy oneself，意为“玩得开心，过得愉快”，和have a good time 同义。

例如：
They are enjoying themselves. = They are having a good time.
他们玩得很开心。

We enjoyed ourselves in China. 我们在中国玩得很开心。

【拓展】
enjoy doing sth.意为“喜欢做……；做……很开心/很享受”。

其中的enjoy 是动词，有“欣赏，享受，喜爱”等意思，后接名词、代词或动名词。

例如：
People enjoy the city’s quiet street. 人民喜爱这个城市宁静的街道。

I enjoy listening to pop music. 我喜欢听流行音乐。

9.keep
（1)keep是动词，意为“保持……（持续的）状态”，其后常跟形容词、副词、介词短语或动词的-ing 形式。

例如：
keep doing sth. 继续做某事
keep (sb. / sth.) + 形容词（使某人）保持某种状态
keep sb./sth. + 介词短语使……处于某种状态
keep sb. / sth. from doing sth.阻止，保护……不受……
keep on doing sth.反复做某事
You should keep quiet. 你们应该保持安静。

He keeps at home because it is hot. 他一直待在家里，因为天气太热了。

（2) keep 的相关短语：
keep up with 赶上
keep a shop 开商店
keep an eye on 照看
10.fix，repair
（1) repair 的对象范围很广，从房屋、道路、机器到日常生活必需品，是使受到一定损失或失灵的东西恢复其形状或功能。

例如:
Who has repaired the broken leg of the table? 谁把桌子的断腿修好了？
（2）fix用于需要重新“调”物体的结构，把松散的部件固定结实，将分离的物体各部分装配起来。

用于美国口语中，与repair无多大区别。

例如：
Can you fix the broken chair? 你能修理那把坏了的椅子吗?
My radio doesn’t work. Could you fix it for me?
我的收音机坏了。

你能帮我修理一下吗?
11.advise
（1）advise是advice的动词形式，意为“建议”，常用于advise sb.to do sth.的结构中。

例如：He advised me to read English every morning. 他建议我每天早晨读英语。

（2）向……提出劝告，忠告。

例如：
We strongly advise you to give up the bad habit of smoking.
我们劝你改掉抽烟的坏习惯。

【拓展】
（1）advice是不可数名词，意为“意见、建议、劝告、忠告”，不能与不定冠词a连用。

例如：
a piece of advice 一条建议
Let me give you some advice. 让我给你一些建议。

(2)give advice (on) 给……提（有关……）的建议。

例如：
Can you give me some advice on how to learn English well？
你能给我一些关于如何学好英语的建议吗？
(3)take one’s advice 听从某人的建议例如：
I’ll take your advice, and do exercise every day.
我会听从你的建议，每天锻炼身体。

12.fill...with...
fill表示“装满，填满”，可用作及物和不及物动词，通常与介词with连用。

例如：Everything is filled with new life. 万物充满了生气。

He filled the glass with water. 他把杯子装满了水。

【拓展】
（1）full 作为形容词，意为“充满的”。

例如：
Please tell me the full story.
请将全部情况告诉我。

The train was traveling at full speed. 火车正全速前进。

（2）be full of 意为“充满……的”。

例如：
The room is full of young people. 房间里全是年轻人。

词汇精练
I.英汉词组互译。

1.保守秘密
3. 交朋友
5. 浏览，快速查看
7. 下车
9. 主页
11.代表
II.根据句意及首字母提示补全句子。

1.Sandy likes to tell j .
2.tell a lie
4. spend time doing sth.
6. have...off
8. come on
10.had better
12.整理
2.Egypt is once again accepted as an important v in Arab politics.
3.I want to i my friends to my party.
4.There are many p of interest in China.
5.He g off quickly as soon as the bus stopped.
6.Alan has a good sense of h .
7.Is your friend h ? Can you tell anything to her?
8.I want to be a policeman in the f .
9.We enjoyed o in the park yesterday.
10.At the b of the trip, they didn’t enjoy it.
11.They o to help me.
12.The noise k him awake.
III.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.Lesson One is (easy)than Lesson Two.
2.I’m(tall)than Lucy. Lucy is (heavy) than Amy. Amy is (beautiful) one of us all.
3.This room is (clean)than that one.
4.Jim is one of (nice)boys in our class.
5.Swimming isn’t as (interesting) as diving.
6.I don’t know how (open)the box.
7.Help (you)to some fruit, boys.
8.(not believe)what he said yesterday.
9.We can’t leave her by (she).
10.You are patient enough to wait without (get) angry.
IV. 听力链接
（2015 年乌鲁木齐市中考）
对话理解
听下面5 段对话，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。

（读两遍）
11.What does the man want to have for dinner?
A.Dumplings
B. Rice
C. Noodles
12.Where’s the basketball?
A.On the floor
B. Under the chair
C. On the chair
13.What was the girl doing?
A.She was looking through the newspaper.
B.She was cooking in the kitchen.
C.She was talking on the phone.
14.Why is Tony sad and unhappy?
A.He has no friends here.
B. He has no money.
C. He has no time.
15.How’s the weather today?
A.It’s windy.
B. It’s rainy.
C. It’s sunny.
【参考答案】
I.英汉词组互译。

1.keep a secret
2.撒谎
3. make friends
4.花时间做某事
5.look through
6.放……假
7. get off
8.快点，加油
9.home page 10.最好11.stand for 12.tidy up
II.根据句意及首字母提示补全句子。

1. jokes
2. voice
3. invite
4. places
5. got
6. humor
7.honest
8. future
9. ourselves 10.beginning 11.offered/offer 12.kept
III.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. easier
2. taller, heavier, the most beautiful
3. cleaner
4. the nicest
5. interesting
6. to open
7. yourselves 8. Don’t believe
9. herself 10.getting
IV. 听力链接
对话理解
听下面5 段对话，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。

（读两遍）11. B 12. A 13. B 14. A 15. C
11.W: What would you like for dinner, dumplings or noodles?
M: Neither. I’d like some rice.
Q: What does the man want to have for dinner?
12.W: Mom, where is my basketball?
M: Is it under the chair? Oh, no, it’s on the floor.
Q: where is the basketball?
13.W: Were you cooking in the kitchen when I called you yesterday?
M: Yes, I was.
Q: What was the girl doing?
14.W: Tony looks sad and unhappy. What happened?
M: He has no friends here. He feels lonely.
Q: Why is Tony sad and unhappy?
15.W: How’s the weather today?
M: It’s sunny, but the radio says it’s going to be windy and rainy tomorrow.
Q: How’s the weather today?
句式精讲
1.would like to do sth.
would like to do sth.是表示“愿意做某事”。

其用法如下：
(1)肯定句：would like 后接名词或代词；would like to 后接动词原形，would 常和主语缩
写为“主语＋’d”。

例如：
I’d like an interesting book. 我想要一本有趣的书。

He’d like to go there with you. 他想和你一起去那。

⑵否定句：在would后加not,意为“不愿意做……”，would not缩写为wouldn’t。

例如: I
wouldn’t like to go to the zoo. 我不想去动物园。

⑶疑问句：把would 提到主语前即可。

例如：
Would you like to go to the zoo? 你愿意去动物园吗？
⑷答语：若邀请某人做某事，肯定回答用Yes, I’d like/love to;否定回答用I’d like/love to ,but…。

例如：
—Would you like to go swimming？你愿意去游泳吗？
—Yes, I’d love to. 是的，我愿意。

若邀请某人吃(喝)东西，肯定回答用Yes, please. 否定回答用No, thank you.。

例如：—Would you like some milk 你想喝牛奶吗？
—No, thank you. 不，谢谢。

2.be ready to do sth.
ready是形容词，意为“有准备的”。

be always ready to do sth. 表示“乐于做某事”。

例如：She is always ready to help others. 她总是乐于助人。

【拓展】
（1）get ready for 意为“为……做准备”，强调动作。

例如：
All the students are getting ready for the sports meeting.
所有学生在为运动会做准备。

（2）be ready for 意为“为……做好了准备”，强调状态。

例如：
We are ready for the party. 我们为聚会做好了准备。

（3）get sth. ready意为“把某物准备好”。

例如：
Please get your school things ready. 请把学习用具准备好。

I get the lesson ready. 我把课备好了。

3.In the club, older students help new students learn more about the school.
(1)help sb. do sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”。

此句型也可以说成：help sb. to do sth.。

例如：Tom helps me learn English.汤姆帮我学英语。

I help Tom to learn Chinese. 我帮助汤姆学习汉语。

(2)help sb. with sth.在某事上帮助某人。

例如：
I often help my mother with housework. 我经常帮助妈妈做家务。

(3)help 也可以作名词，作名词时常用于下列短语：
with one’s help= with the help of 在……的帮助下
例如：
With the teacher’s help, I made rapid progress in learning. =
With the help of the teacher, I made rapid progress in learning.
在老师的帮助下，我在学习方面进步很快。

4.How much time do students spend on homework every day?
spend 是动词，意为“花费（时间或金钱）”。

其过去式为spent。

用法如下：
spend + 时间/金钱+ (in) doing sth. 花费时间或金钱做某事
spend+时间/金钱+ on sth. 花费时间或金钱在某物上
例如：
I spend half an hour watching TV every day. 我每天花半个小时看电视。

He spends 20 yuan on books every month. 他每月花20 元买书。

【拓展】
辨析：spend和take
例如：
I spent 3 hours (in) doing /on my homework yesterday. 昨天我花了三个小时做作业。

It took me four hours to go to Tianjin by train. 乘火车去天津花了我四个小时。

5.not only…but also…
（1）not only...but also...的意思是“不但……而且……”，连接两个并列成分，如果连接两个主语的时候，谓语动词和also后面的主语保持一致。

例如：
Not only my mother but also I like to go to the garden.
不仅妈妈而且我也喜欢去公园。

（2）以not only…but also...开头的句子往往引起倒装。

例如：
Not only did he complain about the food, but he refused to pay for it.
他不仅抱怨饭不好吃，而且拒绝付饭钱。

6.had better
had better(常简略为’d better)是一固定词组，had better 意为“最好”，用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一种愿望。

其用法有以下几点：
(1)had better 后面必须跟动词原形，构成had better do sth.句型。

例如：
You’d better go to hospital at once.你最好立即去医院看病。

Tom, you’d better get up earlier today.
汤姆，你最好今天早起一点。

(2)主语不论是第几人称，句子不论是什么时态，都要用had better 的形式。

例如：
Now we had better listen to the teacher carefully.
我们现在最好认真听老师讲。

句式精练
I. 按括号中的要求改写句子。

1．Why don’t you send an e-card to her and let her know you miss her very much?（改为同义句）send an e-card to her and let her know you miss her very much?
2．The students consider Mrs. Gu the best teacher.（改为反意疑问句）
The students consider Mrs. Gu the best teacher, ?
3．Playing basketball is my favorite sport.（对划线部分提问）
favorite sport?
4．To bring me the newspaper is very nice of you.（用it作形式主语改写）
5．There is somebody in the sitting room.（改为一般疑问句）
there in the sitting room?
6．Paul is good at planning things.（改为同义句）
Paul things.
7．I think he'd be able to organize things well.（改为否定句）
I he’d be able to organize things well.
8.They had a wonderful time in the World Park. (同义句)
They in the World Park.
9.He decided to stay at home. (对划线部分提问)
he to ?
10.They are amazing. (写出反意疑问句)
They are amazing, ?
II.根据汉语提示完成下列句子。

1.农民们正在为明年做准备。

The farmers the next year.
2.昨天大厅里充满了使人透不过气来的烟雾．
The hall with choking clouds of smoke yesterday.
3.请你帮我修理这个旧自行车好吗?
Could you please help me bike?
4.对我来理解你说的话很难。

It’s for me what you said.
5.谢谢你帮我保守秘密。

the secret for me.
6.乘公共汽车到博物馆大约要花一个小时。

about an hour to the Museum by bus.
7.西蒙一直练习说英语。

Simon keeps on .
8.你要花多少钱买这些书？
How much you these books?
9.他经常仔细聆听我的问题并给我提供帮助。

He often my problems carefully and me help.
10.你愿意来参加足球比赛吗？
Would you take part in football match?
III. 补全对话。

（2014 福州中考）
阅读下面对话，从方框中选择适当的句子补全对话。

（其中有两项是多余的）
A.When will it be?
B.What’s the name of it?
C.Shall we be volunteers?
D.What’s in today’s newspaper?
E.Anything new in today’s paper?
F.How can we become volunteers?
G.Everyone is supposed to make contributions.
A: Hi, Li Jun.1
B: Yes, the first National Youth Games will be held in Fuzhou.
A: Great! 2
B: It’ll start in 0ctober, 2015. Look, here is a photo of the main s tadium.
A: Wow, it looks grand.3
B: Fuzhou Strait Olympic Game Center.
A: Really nice. What else about the Games?
B: Thirty-one thousand volunteers are wanted.4.
A: Sure! It’s an honor to serve the players and visitors.
B: So it is.5.
A: Let’s look forward to this big event.
【参考答案】
I.按括号中的要求改写句子。

1.Why not
2.don’t they
3.What is your
4.It is nice of you to bring me the newspaper.
5.Is, anybody
6.does well in planning
7.don’ t think
8.enjoyed themselves
9.What did, decide, do
10. aren’t they
II.根据汉语提示完成下列句子。

1.are getting ready for
2. was filled
3.repair the old
4. difficult, to understand
5. Thanks for keeping
6. It takes, to get
7. practicing speaking English
8.will，spend on/buying
9. listens to，offers 10. like to
III. 补全对话。

1-5 EABCG。