七年级英语下册第三单元讲义重点短语语法归纳及练习(新)人教新目标版

三单元讲义
第一部分【重点短语】
get to school take the train
take the subway ride a bike
how far how long
from home to school every day
乘公共汽车（动词型）by bike
Walk to school run to school
Have a good day think of between…and…
go on a ropeway cross the river
one 11-year-old boy play with
come true be afraid of sth.
be like it takes sb. 时间to do sth.
take…to…=go to……by…… It is one’s dream to do sth.
thanks for doing sth.
第二部分【重点语法】
一、交通方式表达法
1.动词型: take +限定词（a/an/the）+交通工具（单数）
(take 译为乘坐,动词型通常放在句中)
如：take a /the bus , take a/the subway, take a/the train 例：Tom takes a bus to school.
翻译（Linda坐地铁去图书馆）：Linda
library.
◆有的交通工具不需要用take，如walk to/drive to /ride to/fly
to/
◆Walk to +地点=go to ...on foot走路去…
如：I walk to school every day.=I go to school on foot.
注意：如果后面接地点副词here , there , home 等介词to应省去
2.介词型：
1）by+交通工具（单数）
（中间无任何修饰词，介词型通常位于句末）
如：by bus/by subway/by train
例:Tom goes to Beijing by train.
2）in/on +限定词（a/an/the）+交通工具（单数）
(位于句末，特别强调在自行车上用on)
如：in a /the car, in a /the boat, in a/the taxi
On a /the bus, on a /the train, on a /the subway
例：My father goes to work on a bus/in a car.
注意：1.对交通工具提问用：how(怎样)
如：My father goes to work on a bus(对划线部分提问)
How does your father go to work?
【试一试】
1. I think you can _____to the new park. It’s a little far.
A. by bus
B. take a bus
C. on
foot D. walk
2. –-How does your brother usually go to school?
–- ______car.
A. By
B. In
C. On
D. With
3. I often go to school _____ my father’s car and go back home ______ foot.
A. in; on
B. by; by
C. by; in
D.
on; by
4. Jim often goes to school ______ bike. But today he goes to school ______ the school bus.
A. on; by
B. by; by
C. by; on
D. on; on
二、交通方式之间的互换。

Tom takes a bus to school。

= Tom goes to school by bus. =Tom goes to school on a bus. “我做公交去上学。

”
同义句练习：
①I ride my bike to work.=I go to work .
=I go to work .
②I fly to America.=I to Amieica.
巩固练习
I:用by in on take填空。

1—How do you go to school every day
—____ bike
2They will go to the cinema ____ bus
3He went to the park ____ a car yesterday
4Will you ____ the bus to Beijing tomorrow
II:就划线部分提问。

1Mr Green goes to the post office by bike对划线部分提问
2Ann is going shopping on foot. 对划线部分提问
3.lucy takes a train to Beijing.(同义句转换)
三、辨析How long/How far
【练习题】
1. --____ is your school from here?
-- About one kilometer.
A. How long
B. How often
C. How far
D. Where
2. --____does it take to get to school?
--Twenty minutes.
A. How
B. How far
C. How long
D. How many
3.--_________ is it from the village to your farm?
--About 10minutes’ walk.
A. How often
B. How soon
C. How long
D. How far
4.It takes me half an hour to do the dishes.（对划线部分提问）
5.It is about 20 kilometers from my house to the airport.（飞机场）（划线提问）
is it from your house the airport?
四. take表示“花费时间”
It takes sb. + 时间+ to do sth. 花费某人时间/金钱做某事
例句：It takes her 20 minutes to get to the library. “花了她20分钟的时间到达图书馆。

”
【试一试】
1.花了我两年的时间完成这本书。

(汉译英)
It me finish the book.
2. It takes me fifteen minutes ________ from my home to the bus station.
A. walk
B. walking
C. walks
D. to walk
五．hundred用法
two hundred 两百，three hundred三百，four hundred 四百记住hunderd用单数
There’re five hundred students on the playground.在操场上有五百名学生。

Hundreds of+复数名词“成百上千的”（此处hundred为复数）There’re hundreds of students on the playground.
【试一试】. –How many teachers are there in your school?
--About four_______.
A. hundreds of
B. hundred
C. hundreds
D. hundreds of
六．三种“到达”
get to到达。

（get home/get here/get there,地点副词不加to）arrive in+大地点，arrive at+小地点。

（arrive in Beijing, arrive at school）
reach“到达”，reach+地方。

直接加地点名词，不加任何介词
翻译（Tom在八点钟到达学校）：---用三种表达
七．Leave用法
①离开某地用Leave.
I leave Chongqing. 我离开重庆。

②Leave + 地点for + 目的地“动身去某地”
I leave Chongqing for Shanghai.我离开重庆去上海。

（我动身去上海了）
③Leave for +目的地“去某地”‘
I leave for London. 我去伦敦了。

八．结构：it’s +adj.+ for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事怎么样。

It’s easy for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事很简单。

It’s difficult for sb to do sth, 对某人来说做某事很困难
例句：it’s eas y to get to school.
It’s difficult for me to finish the work today.
拓展：It’s important for sb to do sth,对某人来说做某事很重要It’s very important to learn English well.
【试一试】
It’s hard for them ______ to the beach（沙滩）in a short time.
A. to ride bikes
B. by bike
C. to take bikes
D. on bikes
九．There be句型
（一）．辨析
There be 句型表示“某处存在某物或某人，表示一种客观存在，have/has“有”，表示“某人拥有某物/某人”表主观拥有，其主语常是人。

例句：There is a dog in the picture. The dog has two big eyes.（二）就近原则
There be如果后面接两个名词作主语，那么“be”的人称和数与邻近的名词一致。

即be 用is还是are，取决于离该动词最近的那个名词。

如果该名词是单数或不可数名词就用is，如果是复数就用are。

例句：
there is an apple and some bananas on the table.
There are some bananas and an apple on the table.
【试一试】
1.There a ruler,two pens and five erasers on the desk.
A.has
B. is
C.are
D. have
2.There much milk in that bottle.
A.has
B. is
C.are
D. have
3.There lots of students on the playground.
A.has
B. is
C.are
D. have
十．Like 介词，“像”
He is like a father to me. 对我而言，他像一个父亲。

十一.She is an eight-year-old girl. =She is eight years old. 她是一个八岁的女孩=她八岁。

【试一试】.
Kate is _____ girl. She is very happy at school.
A. a 18-year-old
B. an 18-year-old
C. an 18-years-old
D. a 18-years-old
十二. “你认为……怎么样？”
What do you think of……？=How do you like……？
第三部分课堂练习
一. 单项选择
( ) 1. Peter usually goes to school by ______ bus.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
( ) 2. My English teacher is very good. She is like my mother ______ me.
A. to
B. for
C. with
D. of
( ) 3. —______ does your father go to work? —He rides his bike.
A. Where
B. When
C. How
D. Why
( ) 4. The train ______ the train station at 8:40 every morning.
A. crosses
B. runs
C. leaves
D.
comes
( ) 5. —______ is it from your school to the train station? —Five kilometers.
A. How’s
B. How old
C. How long
D. How far
( ) 6. For some students, it’s difficult ______ school.
A. to get to
B. get to
C. to get
D. get
( ) 7. Sam has a bike. He ______ it to school every day.
A. takes
B. rides
C. walks
D. drives
( ) 8. —Does Peter walk home? —______. He takes the bus.
A. No, he doesn’t
B. Yes, he does
C. No, he isn’t
D. Yes, he is
( ) 9. —How long does it take you to go to the bus station? —______.
A. About twenty kilometers
B. I ride my bike
C. About half an hour by subway
D. I get there quickly
( ) 10. —Have a good day at school, Susan! —______.
A.Me, too
B. You, too
C. Bye
D.
Fine
( ) 11.—________ does Gina _________ her English teacher?
—She likes her very much.
A. How; think
B. What; like
C. How; think of
D. What; think of
( ) 12.Do you think her dream will ___________?
A. come true
B. come in
C. come back
D. come out
( ) 13．He is only a ________ boy. Don't be angry!
A．five year old B．five­year­old
C．five­years­old D．five years old
( ) 14．Don't be ________ of the dog. It's friendly.
A．afraid B．happy C．free D．busy ( ) 15．It usually takes me half an hour ________ to school
on the school bus.
A．get B．getting C．gets D．to get ( ) 16. There is a bus stop _____ the school ___ my home.
A. between, and
B. between, with
C. both, and
D. both, with
( ) 17. The river runs too _____, so the visitors can’t go boating today.
A. quickly
B. quick
C. slow
D. slowly
( ) 18. —___________ do you think of the school trip, Eric?
—It’s interesting.
A. How
B. Where
C. When
D. What
( ) 19. I usually walk to school but _____I take a taxi to school.
A. sometimes
B. Some time
C. sometime
D. some times
( ) 20.She gets up early ____ the morning but late ___ Saturday and Sunday mornings
A. on, in
B. on, on
C. in, on
D. in, in
二. 用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. It often (take) her 3 hours ______________( play) sports.
2. I love (ride) a bike to school every day.
3. How far she (live) from here?
4.Liangliang ____________ (cross) the river every school day .
5. It’s not easy for us (learn) English well.
6. There (be) a river near the hotel.
7. He doesn’t want (do) his homework first.
8. Every morning he (leave) for school at around half past five.
三. 按根据汉语完成句子。

1.My father ____________ ____________ ____________ (乘火车)to work.
2. Her dream will ____________ ________________ (实现)
3. What do you __________ _________ (认为) the book ?
4. Mary is _____ __________________________ _________(一个8岁大的小姑娘).
5. For them，it is _________________ ________ ________________ the river . (很难过河)。