动词-实义动词讲解及练习

第十七讲动词—实义动词
一学习目标
1.熟练掌握实义动词
二考点解析
⊙实义动词
1. 不及物动词（vi）：是指后面不需要宾语而意义完整的动词．
如：我住在温州．
2. 及物动词(vt)：是指后面需要使用宾语使其意义完整的动词．
如：That dog makes the boy happy．
____________________________
3. 后面只能接动词不定式(to do---)作宾语的及物动词
1.常跟不定式作宾语的动词有:
hope(希望)， want(想、要)，fail(失败)，love(喜欢)，pretend（假装），manage(管理)，agree（同意）begin(开始)，need(需)，learn(学会)，agree(同意),decide, determine(决定)，happen（发生）start(开始)，refuse(拒绝)等。

I’m learning to skate on real ice.
我正在真正的冰上学滑冰。

4，后面只能接动名词做宾语(v-ing)的动词
只能接动名词做宾语的动词：
避免错过少延期avoid, miss, put off
建议完成多练习suggest, finish, practice
喜欢想象经不住enjoy, imagine, can't help
承认否定与妒忌admit, deny, envy
逃避冒险莫原谅escape, risk, excuse,
忍受保持不介意stand, keep, mind
1. Lily finished ______ the book yesterday.
A. read
B. reading
C. to read
D. reads
2. —What are you busy ______ these days?
—Nothing much.
A. do
B. doing
C. to do
D. done
3. —Do you want to eat something?
—____, thanks. I am feeling sick now. I don’t feel like ______.
; eating something B. No; to eat anything
C. Yes; to eat anything
D. No; eating anything
4. No matter how hard it is, we’ll keep ______ until we make it.
A. failed
B. failing
C. tried
D. trying
5，后面只能接动名词，又可接动词不定式的动词有：
,start(开始)，like, love,perfer(喜爱), hate(憎恨)，continue(继续)可以接动词不定式或-ing形式作宾语。

+to do 表示具体的动作
+doing 表示习惯行为
I like swimming.
我喜欢游泳。

I like to go swimming.
我现在想去游泳。

2. stop(停止)，forget(忘记)，remember(记得)，try(试)，go on(继续)等动词接不定
式和-ing形式意义有区别。

试比较：
stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事
stop doing sth.停止(正在)做某事
go on to do sth.接着做另一件事(已做完一件)
go on doing sth.继续做(原来未做完的)某件事）
forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(还未做)
forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(已经做)
remember to do sth.记住去做某事(还未做)
remember doing sth.记住曾做过某事
其他：
try to do sth. 尽力做某事
try doing sth. 试着做某事
mean to do sth. 打算做某事
mean doing sth .意味着某事
can’t help to do sth不能帮忙做某事
can’t help doing 忍不住做某事
3. need, want, require（要求，需要）, deserve (应得，值得), be worth (值得），
后面接doing主动表被动。

The book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。

The old building requires repairing. 这座古建筑需要修了。

These young trees will require/need looking after.
6，后面接双宾语的及物动词有：
动词tell (叫，让)，ask (请求)， want(希望)，order(命令)，get(使)，wish(希望)，warn(警告)，teach(教)，invite(邀请)等动词后常跟不定式作宾语的补足语，构成tell/ask. sb. to do sth. “叫/请……某人做某事”句型。

Could you ask him to call me, please?
请你让他给我打个电话，好吗？
1. My mother often asks me ___early.
up B. got up C. getting up D. to get up
afternoon Mrs Green told the boys _____ football in the classroom.
A. didn’t play
B. to not play
C. not play
D. not to play
7，后面接不带to的不定式
1.使役动词let(让)，make(使)，have(使)等;
跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语
What makes you think I’m a farmer?
你凭什么说我是农民？
2. 感官动词see(看见)，hear(听见)，feel(感到)，watch(观看)，notice(注意到)，look at(看)，listen to(听)等跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语
A woman saw it happen when she was walking past.
1. “Don’t always make Michael ______ this or that. He is already a big boy, dear, “Mr. Bush said to his wife .
A. do
B. to do
C. does
D. did
2. “Mr. Zhu, you’d better ______ too much meat. You are already over weight. ” said the doctor.
A. not to eat
B. to eat
C. not eat
D. eat
can’t play the match now. Please ______ instead.
A. have Lily do it
B. have Lily to do it
C. make Lily to do it
D. let Lily to do it
hear someone ____ at the door. Please go and see who _____is.
A. knock; it
B. knocking; it
C. knocking; he
D. knock; he
5. The teacher told her students ______ in public.
A. not to shout
B. didn’t shout
C. not shout
D. to not shout
6. I have finished ____ this book. You can take it away.
A. to read
B. read
C. reading
D. reads
7. Look! How heavy the rain is! You’d better ______ .
A. don’t go now
B. stay here when it stops
C. not leave until it stops
D. not to leave at once
8. Let him ______ a rest. I think he must be tired after the long walk.
A. have
B. gets
C. to take
D. has
9. The library needs___, but it‘ll have to wait until Sunday.
A. cleaning
B. be cleaned
C. clean
D. being cleaned
三练习题
1. I like __________ very much, but I don’t like _________ this morning.
A. swimming, swimming
B. to swim, to swim
C. swimming, to swim
D. to swim, swimming
2. Little Jim should love __________ to the theatre this evening.
A. to be taken
B. to take
C. being taken
D. taking
3. ---“Did you close the door?” ---“Yes, I remember __________ it.”
A. to close
B. to closing
C. closing
D. closed
4. Remember __________ the newspaper when you have finished it.
A. putting back
B. having put back
C. to put back
D. will put back
5. I’m sorry I forgot _______ your dictionary.Let’s borrow one from Li Ming.
A. to take
B. taking
C. to bring
D. bringing
6. Henry always forgets things he has done. Yesterday he forgot __________ and looked for it everywhere.
A. to post the letter
B. to have the letter posted
C. to have posted the letter
D. having posted the letter
7. My brother regretted __________ a lecture given by Professor Liu.
A. missing
B. to miss
C. missed
D. being missed
8. I regret __________ you that we are unable to offer you a job.
A. informing
B. having informed
C. to inform
D. to informing
9. I felt tired with walking, so I stopped __________ a break for an hour.
A. having
B. to have
C. taking
D. to taking
10. The teacher told the students to stop __________ to him.
A. to write and listen
B. writing and listening
C. to write and listening
D. writing and to listen
11. ---“What can we do to help Li Hai？”
---“All we can do is to try __________ that he ought to study more.”
A. making him to realize
B. making him realize
C. to make him realize
D. to make him to realize
12. You didn’t hear us come in last night. That’s good. We tried ____ noisy.
A. to be not
B. not to be
C. not being
D. being not
13. He finished his homework, then he went on __________ a letter.
A. write
B. writing
C. with
D. to write
14. The grass has grown so tall that it needs _________.
A. to cut
B. to be cut it
C. cutting
D. being cut
15. ---”You’ve come just in time to help us.”
---“Fine, what needs __________?”
A. I do
B. done
C. to be done
D. to do
16. You didn’t need __________ him the news; it just made him sad.
A. telling
B. tell
C. to tell
D. that you would tell
17. These young trees require __________ carefully.
A. looking after
B. to look after
C. to be looked at
D. looking for
18. The sentence wants __________ once more.
A. to explain
B. explaining
C. being explained
D. to be explained it
19. He hasn’t got used __________ in the countryside yet.
A. live
B. to live
C. to living
D. living
20. A very well-known person __________ in this house.
A. is used to live
B. used to live
C. is used to living
D. used to living
参考答案：
1-5 CACCC 6-10 DACBD 11-15 CBDCC 16-20 CABCB。