高考英语一轮巩固达标练题Unit3Inventorsandinventions(含解析)新人教版选

2019年高考英语一轮巩固达标练题Unit 3 Inventors and inventions（含解析）新人教版选修8
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Unit 3 Inventors and inventions
李仕才
*＊*阅读理解.
Taylore is a kid who passes by to ride sometimes and help us with chores。

Barely 15，she’s never short of advice， and one of her favorite pastimes is teasing me about being afraid to go too fast on a horse.
Last summer four of us rode down the trail behind our woods: my wife Karen， Taylore, Taylore's friend Kendall and me. I was riding my
13-year-old, Tawny.
We were two miles from home when， for some unexplainable reason，I pushed Tawny into a gallop（飞驰）. The other horses were anxious to catch up, and just like that, the race was on.
Taylore brushed past my left leg and， seconds later, Kendall went by on my right。

I realized Tawny was covering ground faster than I’d ever seen her. She strained every muscle in her body to catch up with the girls。

It was like a truck winding over a mountain road without brakes （闸)。

Part of me felt perfectly in control， while another part screamed that I wasn’t。

In half a mile I knew we'd be crossing the highway, so I prayed that the girls would be fine. I gave up calculating how long it might take before my horse would be tried enough to want to slow down.
I was just about out of answers when I saw the girls slowing in front of me. Their horses were relaxed and comfortable， not even breathing
hard. Taylore's face glowed. She gave me a high five。

＂Wow, you did well，＂she said。

＂I knew you’d go fast when you were ready。

＂ No one in the group had even broken a sweat， except me。

I was still nervous from the crazy pace。

My heart pounded too, but not from exercise. Karen claims I was showing off for the girls that day, and maybe she's right. But I think I had something to prove。

Because despite my wrinkles (皱纹), glasses and gray hair, I was feeling young at heart. And， like
a horse on a warm summer day，I’m always ready to kick up my heels.
1. How did the race between the girls and the author begin？
A。

His horse's gallop made the other horses want to catch up。

B。

He wanted to show off his riding skills for the girls。

C。

They wanted to know whose horse could run fastest。

D. They teased him about being afraid to go too fast on a horse。

2。

During the race, ___________。

A。

the author’s horse outran the girl's horses the whole time
B。

the author was confident that Tawny was in control
C. the girls were so anxious to win that they sweated a lot
D。

the author's good performance took Taylore by surprise
3。

When the race ended， the author's heart pounded because ________. A。

he was feeling thrilled and young
B. it was really tough exercise for him
C. he was worried that the girls might be in danger
D。

he felt quite embarrassed that he had lost the race
4. The phrase ＂kick up my heels＂ at the end can be replaced by
_________.
A. devote myself
B。

enjoy myself
C。

accept my challenge
D。

take part in running competition
【语篇解析】文章描述作者和两个女孩骑马比赛，这让作者感到兴奋,也感到虽然自己上了年纪，但是有一颗年轻的心。

1. A【解析】细节理解题。

根据文章第三段的句子＂We were two miles from home when， for some unexplainable reason，I pushed Tawny into a gallop(飞驰)。

The other horses were anxious to catch up, and just like that，the race was on。

＂可知，作者的马飞驰起来使得其它马想要赶上.故选A。

2. D【解析】推理判断题.根据文章倒数第二段的句子＂Taylore’s face glowed。

She gave me a high five。

‘Wow, you did well,’ she said。

‘I knew you’d go fast when you were ready。

’＂可知，作者的出色的表现让Taylore
很惊讶.故选D。

4。

B【解析】词义猜测题。

根据文章最后一段的句子＂like a horse on a warm summer day，＂可知，作者感觉自己像温暖夏日的马，总是准备好享受一番。

故选B。

＊*＊语法填空。

They survive in some of the coldest environments in the world—but even penguins appreciate a warm woolly jumper (套头毛衣) once in a while.
The mini knitted garments have helped save hundreds of flightless birds caught __1__oil leaks， providing protection from the elements and stopping them from swallowing __2__(poison） pollution。

Knits for Nature， a program run by the Penguin Foundation, __3__ conserves the little penguin population of Phillip Island, 140 km southeast of Melbourne, __4__(create) up to 300 different designs over the years—and it is all thanks to talented volunteers. “There’s a lot of __5__ （hide） creativity out there，” said Lyn Blom， of Phillip Island Nature Park。

“People love to know that they’re helping the penguins __6__ they're so cute and small and they waddle up the beach and they’re so strong。

But they need to be, for they live in __7__pretty tough sort of environment.”
A thumbnail－sized patch of oil can kill little penguins, the __8__ (small) of the species, measuring just 13 inches (33 cm) and weighing 2。

2 lbs （1kg）. The oil separates and mats their feathers， breaking natural waterproof and heating functions。

Ms Blom estimates __9__she has knitted between 200 and 300 penguin jumpers over the years， including __10__in the colours of every Australian football team in the country.
1．________2。

________3。

________4.________5。

________
6.________
7.________ 8。

________ 9。

________ 10。

________
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。

Ms Blom编织的迷你毛衣成功拯救了数
百只企鹅，能防止它们接触到石油中的微量元素，甚至误食有毒的污染物。

1．in 考查介词.这里是“be caught in”的固定搭配,意思为“被困于……中”。

文中是过去分词短语作定语修饰flightless birds。

2．poisonous 考查词性转换。

poisonous作为形容词修饰其后面的名词。

3．which 考查定语从句的引导词。

空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词the Penguin Foundation，并在从句中作主语，故用which.
4．has created 考查动词的时态。

根据时间状语“over the years”可知这里用现在完成时，句子的主语是一个名为Knits for Nature的项目，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数.
5．hidden 考查非谓语动词。

creativity是名词，其前要用形容词修饰,动词hide与creativity之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。

此处为过去分词转化而来的形容词作定语。

6．because 考查连词。

“they're so cute and small and they waddle up the beach and they're so strong”是“People love to know that they're helping the penguins”的原因，故用because引导原因状语从句。

7．a 考查冠词。

此处表示泛指，且pretty的读音是以辅音音素开头的，故用a。

a pretty tough sort of environment表示的是“一种相当恶劣的环境”。

8．smallest 考查形容词的最高级。

根据上下文语境和空前的the可知这里应该用最高级.
9．that 考查宾语从句的连接词.分析句子成分可知，空处引导宾语从句作estimates的宾语，宾语从句中句意和成分完整，故用that。

10．those 考查代词。

those指代前面所说的penguin jumpers。

*＊＊完形填空.
There was once a widow who had two daughters。

The __1__ widow loved the elder who was like herself both in looks and personality，but didn't love the other,who resembled her __2__，although she was pretty and friendly.
The younger daughter had to __3__ hard all day and live upon the leftovers of her elder sister.Among her other __4__ jobs，she was forced to carry water every day __5__。

One day __6__ she had just filled her pot at the fountain，an old trembling woman asked her for a drink of water。

Glad to show a kindness to the old woman，she __7__.
Now，all of a sudden，there was no old trembling woman but a（n)__8__ who rewarded good deeds before her.“Your face is pretty __9__ your heart is gentle，" said she。

“For your kindness，I will make you a gift.Every time you speak，from your mouth shall come a flower or a jewel.”
When the girl reached home，her ill mother __10__ her for her long absence.“Pardon me for being away so long，" she replied.As she spoke some pearls and diamonds dropped from her __11__。

“What is this I see，child？” asked the __12__ widow。

The poor girl was so happy to be __13__ child by her mother that she eagerly told her mother about her __14__ with the old woman at the fountain.The widow immediately __15__ her favorite daughter to do as the __16__ girl had done.
When the impatient girl was filling the pot with water at the __17__,a beautiful lady appeared and __18__ a drink of water from the girl。

“I have not come here to serve you,” she __19__ replied.
The lady,who was the fairy,said，“I will make you a gift to __20__ your rudeness。

Every time you speak，from your mouth shall come a snake or a toad(蟾蜍）．”
1．A。

good.tempered B．bad­tempered
C．kind D．beautiful
2．A。

daughter B．teacher
C．mother D．father
3．plain B．play
C．work D．study
4．A.easy B．hard
C．interesting D．boring 5．A。

within reach
B．with ease
C．without hesitation
D．from a great distance 6．A.when B．while
C．once D．before 7．A。

hesitated B．agreed C．left D．argued 8．A。

boy B．old woman C．old man D．fairy 9．A.although B．but
C．while D．and 10．A。

scolded B．praised C．thanked D．forgave 11．A。

waist B．hair
C．lips D．hands 12．A.amused B．interested C．astonished D．frightened 13．A。

awarded B．called C．showed D．taught 14．A。

difficulty B．thought C．experiment D．experience 15．A。

advised B．got
C．forced D．invited 16．A。

slim B．tall
C．elder D．poor 17．A.river B．pool
C．fountain D．well
18．A.asked for B．asked of
C．asked about D．asked after
19．A.rudely B．jokingly
C．proudly D．hurriedly
20．A。

deserve B．face
C．equal D．repay
【解题导语】本文主要讲述了两个性格和外表不同的姐妹对给予他人帮助的不同反应及她们得到的相应的结果，彰显了善有善报的道理。

1．B 根据下文中的“her ill mother”并结合下文她训斥小女儿可推知，她脾气不好。

2．D 根据语境中的转折可知，此处与“herself”形成对比。

小女儿不像她而是像父亲。

3．C 根据下文中的“Among her other __4__ jobs,she was forced to carry water every day __5__”并结合“live upon the leftovers of her elder sister”可推知，小女儿整天要做许多工作，靠吃姐姐的剩饭菜生活。

4．B 根据上文中的“The younger daughter had to __3__ hard all day”可推知，小女儿的工作都很辛苦,很累人.
5．D 根据本段的整体内容可知，小女儿过得很艰难.由“she was forced to carry water every day”可推知,小女儿还得每天从很远的地方挑水，这与其艰难的生活境况呼应。

6．A 此处应用when引导定语从句，在从句中作时间状语,修饰先行词One day。

7．B 根据空前的“Glad to show a kindness to the old woman”可推知，小女儿答应了老妇人的请求。

8．D 根据下文的“T he lady，who was the fairy”可推知，老妇人是仙女变过来的。

9．D 根据语境可知，空处前后句表示逻辑上的并列关系,故选D.
10．A 与“her ill mother”和“her long absence”呼应并结合下文
小女儿的道歉可知，此处表示小女儿受到母亲的训斥.
11．C 根据上文中的“Every time you speak，from your mouth shall come a flower or a jewel”可知，小女儿以后说话会口吐花儿或者宝石，故选C。

lip“嘴唇”，符合语境.
12．C 小女儿突然口吐珍珠和宝石，她的母亲自然很吃惊。

astonished“吃惊的"。

13．B 根据上文中的“What is this I see，child”可推知,寡妇很震惊，对小女儿的态度突然转变，柔和了很多,称她为“孩子”。

14．D 小女儿迫切地将自己遇到仙女的经历告诉了母亲。

experience“经历”。

15．B get sb.to do sth。

意为“让某人做某事”，符合语境。

16．D 与上文中的“The poor girl”呼应可推知，这里指可怜的小女儿。

17．C 与上文中的“One day __6__ she had just filled her pot at the fountain”呼应可推知，大女儿也来到喷泉那里.
18．A 与上文中的“an old trembling woman asked her for a drink of water”呼应可推知,一个漂亮的女士向大女儿讨水喝。

19．A 与下文中的“your rudeness"呼应可推知,当时大女儿举止很粗鲁，与上文的“the impatient girl"呼应，故选A.
20．C 结合语境可知，此处表示仙女要送给大女儿一份与她的粗鲁相匹配的礼物.equal“比得上”。

＊＊*短文改错。

School English Drama Club was selecting actors and actresses for the drama The Million Pound Bank Note。

It is famous short story writing by the American author Mark Twain. The selection， that is in the charge of Mr Smith， will be made at the school hall in May 20th，2018.
Any student at our school who meets with the following criteria
will be offered a chance to become an actor or actress。

Firstly, he or she should love creative and interested performances. Secondly, he or she should be able to speak fluent English. More important, he or she should have read the short story and is familiar with the whole story。

Thank you for your attentions。

答案：
School English Drama Club 错误! selecting actors and actresses for the drama The Million Pound Bank Note。

It is 错误! famous short story 错误! by the American author Mark Twain。

The selection, 错误! is in the charge of Mr Smith, will be made at the school hall 错误! May 20th, 2018.
Any student at our school who meets 错误!错误! the following criteria will be offered a chance to become an actor or actress. Firstly， he or she should love creative and 错误! performances。

Secondly， he or she should be able to speak fluent English. More 错误!,
familiar with he or she should have read the short story and is，
⑨be
the whole story.
Thank you for your 错误!。

难项分析:
第三处:writing→written'考查非谓语动词。

write与story之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处需用过去分词作后置定语，表示“由Mark Twain所著/所写”.
第四处:that→which’考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。

分析句子结构可知，此处应用which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The selection。

注意:that不能引导非限制性定语从句。

第九处:is→be’考查情态动词的用法。

and连接的两个并列成分均位于情态动词should后，需用动词原形，故此处改为be.
＊*＊。