颐和园景点介绍中英文

颐和园景点介绍中英文
中文版
颐和园，中国清朝时期皇家园林，前身为清漪园，坐落在北京西郊，距城区15公里，全园占地3.009平方公里（其中颐和园世界文化遗产区面积为2.97平方公里），水面约占四分之三。

与圆明园毗邻。

它是以昆明湖、万寿山为基址，以杭州西湖为蓝本，汲取江南园林的设计手法而建成的一座大型山水园林，也是保存最完整的一座皇家行宫御苑，被誉为“皇家园林博物馆”。

颐和园主景区由万寿山、昆明湖组成，全园占地3.009平方公里，水面约占四分之三。

园内现存各式宫殿、园林古建7万平方米，并以珍贵的文物藏品闻名于世，是第一批全国重点文物保护单位。

颐和园前身为清漪园，始建于清朝乾隆十五年（1750），咸丰十年（1860）被英法联军烧毁。

光绪十二年（1886），清廷挪用海军经费等款项开始重建，并于两年后取用今名，作为慈禧太后的颐养之所。

一九零零年又遭八国联军破坏，一九零二年修复。

中华人民共和国成立后，几经修缮，颐和园陆续复建了四大部洲、苏州街、景明楼、澹宁堂、颐和园博物馆、耕织图等重要景区。

颐和园集传统造园艺术之大成，借景周围的山水环境，既有皇家园林恢弘富丽的气势，又充满了自然之趣，高度体现了中国园林“虽由人作，宛自天开”的造园准则。

一九九八年十二月，颐和园被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》，并予以如下评价：1、北京的颐和园是对中国风景园林造园艺术的一种杰出的展现，将人造景观与大自然和谐地融为一体；2、颐和园是中国的造园思想和实践的集中体现，而这种思想和实践对整个东方园林艺术文化形式的发展起了关键性的作用；3、以颐和园为代表的中国皇家园林是世界几大文明之一的有力象征。

1961年3月4日，颐和园被公布为第一批全国重点文物保护单位，与同时公布的承德避暑山庄、拙政园、留园并称为中国四大名园，1998年11月被列入《世界遗产名录》。

2007年5月8日，颐和园经国家旅游局正式批准为国家5A级旅游景区。

2009年，颐和园入选中国世界纪录协会中国现存最大的皇家园林。

英文版
The Summer Palace, formerly known as the Garden of Clear Springs, is located in the western suburbs of Beijing, 15 kilometers away from the city. It covers an area of 3.009 square kilometers (including 2.97 square kilometers of the Summer Palace World Cultural Heritage area), three quarters of which are covered by water. [30] Adjacent to the Old Summer Palace. It is a large landscape garden built on the base of Kunming Lake and Wanshou Mountain, based on the West Lake of Hangzhou and drawing on the design techniques of Jiangnan gardens. It is also the most complete preserved royal palace and garden, known as the "Museum of Royal Gardens".
The main scenic area of the Summer Palace consists of Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake. It covers an area of 3.009 square kilometers ), about three quarters of which are water. The park now has a variety of palaces, gardens and ancient buildings of 70,000 square meters, and is famous for its precious cultural relics collection, is one of the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units.
The Summer Palace, formerly known as the Garden of Qingyi, was first built in t he 15th year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1750) and was burned down by the British and French allied forces in the 10th year of Xianfeng (1860). In the 12th year of Guangxu (1886), the Qing Court appropriated naval funds and other funds to rebu ild it. Two years later, it adopted the current name as a residence for the Empress Dowager Cixi. It was damaged by the eight-power Allied Forces in 1900 and repaired in 1902. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Summer Palace has been restored in succession to the four major regions, Suzhou Street, Jingming Tower, the Hall of Tranquility, the Summer Palace Museum, Plowing and Weaving.
The Summer Palace is a masterpiece of traditional garden art, taking advantage of the surrounding landscape environment. It not only has the grandeur of an imperial garden, but also is full of natural interest. It highly embodies the principle of Chinese gardens that "though made by man, it is better than opened by nature". In December 1998, the Summer Palace was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List with the following comments: 1. The Summer Palace in Beijing is an outstanding display of the art of Chinese landscape architecture, blending man-made landscape with nature in harmony; 2. 2. The Summer Palace is a concentrated embodiment of Chinese gardening ideas and practices, which played a key role in the development of Oriental garden art and cultural forms; 3. The imperial Chinese gardens, represented by the Summer Palace, are a powerful symbol of one of the world's great civilizations.
On March 4, 1961, the Summer Palace was announced as one of the first batch of national key cultural relics under protection. Together with Chengde Summer Resort, Humble Administrator's Garden and Lingering Garden, which were announced at the same time, the Summer Palace was named as one of China's four famous Gardens. In November 1998, it was added to the World Heritage List. On May 8, 2007, the Summer Palace was officially approved by the National Tourism Administrati on as a national 5A tourist attraction. In 2009, the Summer Palace was selected by the China World Record Association as the largest existing imperial garden in China.。