非靶 代谢组 混合同位素内标类型

非靶代谢组混合同位素内标类型
Non-targeted metabolomics is a powerful approach for studying the global metabolic profile of a biological system. It involves the comprehensive analysis of all metabolites in a biological sample, without prior knowledge of the specific compounds present. This can provide valuable insights into the metabolic pathways and networks that are active in a given biological system. One of the key challenges in non-targeted metabolomics is the accurate quantification of metabolites, which is essential for understanding their biological roles and relationships. This is where stable isotope-labeled internal standards come into play.
Stable isotope-labeled internal standards are a type of reference compound that is added to a sample prior to analysis. These compounds have the same chemical structure as the target analytes, but with one or more atoms replaced by stable isotopes such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This results in a mass difference between the internal standard
and the analyte, which can be easily detected and
quantified using mass spectrometry. By using stable
isotope-labeled internal standards, researchers can accurately measure the concentration of metabolites in a sample, and account for variations in sample preparation, instrument performance, and other factors that can affect the accuracy of metabolite measurements.
There are several different types of stable isotope-labeled internal standards that can be used in non-targeted metabolomics, each with its own advantages and limitations. For example, 13C-labeled internal standards are commonly used for quantifying metabolites in complex biological samples, as they provide accurate and precise measurements of metabolite concentrations. However, 15N-labeled internal standards may be more suitable for specific applications, such as studying nitrogen metabolism in plants or microorganisms. In addition, deuterium-labeled internal standards can be used to improve the sensitivity and specificity of mass spectrometry-based metabolite quantification.
The choice of stable isotope-labeled internal standard depends on the specific metabolites being analyzed, the analytical method being used, and the overall research goals. For example, if the goal is to study the turnover of a specific metabolite in a biological system, then a stable isotope-labeled internal standard with a similar metabolic fate as the target analyte may be preferred. On the other hand, if the goal is to compare the levels of multiple metabolites across different biological conditions, then a set of stable isotope-labeled internal standards representing different chemical classes of metabolites may be used.
In addition to their use in quantifying metabolites, stable isotope-labeled internal standards can also be used for method validation and quality control in non-targeted metabolomics. By spiking known amounts of internal standards into samples at different stages of the
analytical workflow, researchers can assess the accuracy, precision, and reproducibility of their methods. This is essential for ensuring the reliability and robustness of non-targeted metabolomics data, and for comparing results
across different studies and laboratories.
Overall, stable isotope-labeled internal standards are a critical tool for accurate and reliable quantification of metabolites in non-targeted metabolomics. They enable researchers to overcome many of the challenges associated with analyzing complex biological samples, and to generate high-quality data that can lead to new insights into the metabolic processes underlying health and disease. As the field of non-targeted metabolomics continues to advance, the development and application of stable isotope-labeled internal standards will play an increasingly important role in driving new discoveries and applications in metabolomics research.。