三年高考两年模拟2017版高考数学专题汇编 第一章 集合与常用逻辑用语1 理

合集下载
  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

第一节 集 合
A 组 三年高考真题(2016~2014年)
1.(2016·北京,1)已知集合A ={x ||x |<2},B ={-1,0,1,2,3},则A ∩B =( )
A.{0,1}
B.{0,1,2}
C.{-1,0,1}
D.{-1,0,1,2}
2.(2016·山东,2)设集合A ={y |y =2x ,x ∈R },B ={x |x 2-1<0},则A ∪B =( )
A.(-1,1)
B.(0,1)
C.(-1,+∞)
D.(0,+∞)
3.(2016·四川,1)设集合A ={x |-2≤x ≤2},Z 为整数集,则集合A ∩Z 中元素的个数是
( )
A.3
B.4
C.5
D.6
4.(2016·全国Ⅰ,1)设集合A ={x |x 2-4x +3<0},B ={x |2x -3>0},则A ∩B =( )
A.⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫-3,-32
B.⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫-3,32
C.⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1,32
D.⎝ ⎛⎭
⎪⎫32,3 5.(2016·全国Ⅱ,2)已知集合A ={1,2,3},B ={x |(x +1)(x -2)<0,x ∈Z },则A ∪B =( )
A.{1}
B.{1,2}
C.{0,1,2,3}
D.{-1,0,1,2,3}
6.(2016·全国Ⅲ,1)设集合S ={x |(x -2)(x -3)≥0},T ={x |x >0},则S ∩T =( )
A.[2,3]
B.(-∞,2]∪[3,+∞)
C.[3,+∞)
D.(0,2]∪[3,+∞)
7.(2015·重庆,1)已知集合A ={1,2,3},B ={2,3},则( )
A .A =
B B .A ∩B =∅
C .A B
D .B A
8.(2015·天津,1)已知全集U ={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8},集合A ={2,3,5,6},集合B ={1,3,4,6,7},则集合A ∩∁U B =( )
A .{2,5}
B .{3,6}
C .{2,5,6}
D .{2,3,5,6,8}
9.(2015·福建,1)若集合A ={i,i 2,i 3,i 4}(i 是虚数单位),B ={1,-1},则A ∩B 等于( )
A .{-1}
B .{1}
C .{1,-1}
D .∅
10.(2015·广东,1)若集合M ={x |(x +4)(x +1)=0},N ={x |(x -4)(x -1)=0},则M ∩N =
( )
A .∅
B .{-1,-4}
C .{0}
D .{1,4}
11.(2015·四川,1)设集合A ={x |(x +1)(x -2)<0},集合B ={x |1<x <3},则A ∪B =( )
A .{x |-1<x <3}
B .{x |-1<x <1}
C .{x |1<x <2}
D .{x |2<x <3}
12.(2015·新课标全国Ⅱ,1)已知集合A ={-2,-1,0,1,2},B ={x |(x -1)(x +2)<0},则A ∩B =( )
A .{-1,0}
B .{0,1}
C .{-1,0,1}
D .{0,1,2}
13.(2015·山东,1)已知集合A ={x |x 2-4x +3<0},B ={x |2<x <4},则A ∩B =( )
A .(1,3)
B .(1,4)
C .(2,3)
D .(2,4)
14.(2015·浙江,1)已知集合P ={x |x 2
-2x ≥0},Q ={x |1<x ≤2},则(∁R P )∩Q =( )
A.[0,1) B.(0,2] C.(1,2) D.[1,2]
15.(2015·陕西,1)设集合M={x|x2=x},N={x|lg x≤0},则M∪N= ( )
A.[0,1] B.(0,1] C.[0,1) D.(-∞,1]
16.(2015·湖北,9)已知集合A={(x,y)|x2+y2≤1,x,y∈Z},B={(x,y)||x|≤2,|y|≤2,x,y∈Z},定义集合A B={(x1+x2,y1+y2)|(x1,y1)∈A,(x2,y2)∈B},则A B中元素的个数为( )
A.77 B.49 C.45 D.30
17.(2014·北京,1)已知集合A={x|x2-2x=0},B={0,1,2},则A∩B=( )
A.{0} B.{0,1} C.{0,2} D.{0,1,2}
18.(2014·新课标全国Ⅱ,1)设集合M={0,1,2},N={x|x2-3x+2≤0},则M∩N=( )
A.{1} B.{2} C.{0,1} D.{1,2}
19.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ,1)已知集合A={x|x2-2x-3≥0},B={x|-2≤x<2},则A∩B=( )
A.[-2,-1] B.[-1,2) C.[-1,1] D.[1,2)
20.(2014·四川,1)已知集合A={x|x2-x-2≤0},集合B为整数集,则A∩B=( )
A.{-1,0,1,2} B.{-2,-1,0,1} C.{0,1} D.{-1,0}
21.(2014·辽宁,1)已知全集U=R,A={x|x≤0},B={x|x≥1},则集合∁U(A∪B)=( )
A.{x|x≥0} B.{x|x≤1} C.{x|0≤x≤1} D.{x|0<x<1}
22.(2014·大纲全国,2)设集合M={x|x2-3x-4<0},N={x|0≤x≤5},则M∩N=( )
A.(0,4] B.[0,4) C.[-1,0) D.(-1,0]
23.(2015·江苏,1)已知集合A={1,2,3},B={2,4,5},则集合A∪B中元素的个数为________.
24.(2014·重庆,11)设全集U={n∈N|1≤n≤10},A={1,2,3,5,8},B={1,3,5,7,9},则(∁U A)∩B=________.
B组两年模拟精选(2016~2015年)
1.(2016·河南洛阳模拟)集合A={1,2,3,4,5},B={1,2,3},C={z|z=xy,x∈A且y∈B},则集合C中的元素个数为( )
A.3
B.8
C.11
D.12
2.(2016·安徽安庆市第二次模拟)若集合P={x||x|<3,且x∈Z},Q={x|x(x-3)≤0,且x∈N},则P∩Q等于( )
A.{0,1,2}
B.{1,2,3}
C.{1,2}
D.{0,1,2,3}
3.(2016·山东北镇中学、莱芜一中、德州一中4月联考)定义集合A-B={x|x∈A且x∉B},若集合M={1,2,3,4,5},集合N={x|x=2k-1,k∈Z},则集合M-N的子集个数为( )
A.2
B.3
C.4
D.无数个
4.(2015·河北邢台摸底考试)已知全集A ={x ∈N |x 2+2x -3≤0},B ={y |y ⊆A },则集合B 中
元素的个数为( )
A.2
B.3
C.4
D.5
5.(2015·浙江嘉兴模拟)设集合A ={x |x 2
+2x -3>0},R 为实数集,Z 为整数集,则(∁R A )∩Z =
( )
A.{x |-3<x <1}
B.{x |-3≤x ≤1}
C.{-2,-1,0}
D.{-3,-2,-1,0,1} 6.(2015·青岛一模)设全集I =R ,集合A ={y |y =log 2x ,x >2},B ={x |y =x -1},则( )
A.A ⊆B
B.A ∪B =A
C.A ∩B =∅
D.A ∩(∁I B )≠∅
7.(2016·郑州检测)已知集合A ={x ||x |≤2,x ∈R },B ={x |x ≤4,x ∈Z },则A ∩B =________.
8.(2015·长沙模拟)设A ={x |x 2+4x =0},B ={x |x 2+2(a +1)x +a 2
-1=0},
(1)若B ⊆A ,求a 的值;(2)若A ⊆B ,求a 的值.
答案精析
A 组 三年高考真题(2016~2014年)
1.C [A ={x ||x |<2}={x |-2<x <2},所以A ∩B ={x |-2<x <2}∩{-1,0,1,2,3}={-1,0,1}.]
2.C [∵A ={y |y >0},B ={x |-1<x <1},∴A ∪B =(-1,+∞),故选C.]
3.C [由题可知,A ∩Z ={-2,-1,0,1,2},则A ∩Z 中的元素的个数为5.选C.]
4.D [由A ={x |x 2-4x +3<0}={x |1<x <3},B ={x |2x -3>0}=⎩⎨⎧⎭
⎬⎫x ⎪⎪⎪x >32,得A ∩B =⎩⎨⎧⎭⎬⎫x ⎪⎪⎪32<x <3=⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫32,3,故选D.] 5.C [由(x +1)(x -2)<0解得集合B ={x |-1<x <2},又因为x ∈Z ,所以B ={0,1},因为A ={1,2,3},所以A ∪B ={0,1,2,3},故选C.]
6.D [S ={x |x ≥3或x ≤2},T ={x |x >0},则S ∩T =(0,2]∪[3,+∞).]
7.D [由于2∈A ,2∈B ,3∈A ,3∈B ,1∈A ,1∉B ,故A,B,C 均错,D 是正确的,选D.]
8.A [由题意知,∁U B ={2,5,8},则A ∩∁U B ={2,5},选A.]
9.C [集合A ={i -1,1,-i},B ={1,-1},A ∩B ={1,-1},故选C.]
10.A [因为M ={x |(x +4)(x +1)=0}={-4,-1},N ={x |(x -4)·(x -1)=0}={1,4},所以M ∩N =∅,故选A.]
11.A [∵A ={x |-1<x <2},B ={x |1<x <3},∴A ∪B ={x |-1<x <3}.]
12.A [由A={-2,-1,0,1,2},B={x|(x-1)(x+2)<0}={x|-2<x<1},得A∩B={-1,0},故选A.]
13.C [∵A={x|x2-4x+3<0}={x|(x-1)(x-3)}={x|1<x<3},B={x|2<x<4},∴A∩B={x|2<x<3}=(2,3).]
14.C [∵P={x|x≥2或x≤0},∁R P={x|0<x<2},∴(∁R P)∩Q={x|1<x<2},故选C.]
15.A [由题意得M={0,1},N=(0,1],故M∪N=[0,1],故选A.]
16.C [如图,集合A表示如图所示的所有圆点“”,集合B表示如图所示的所有圆点“”+所有圆点“”,集合A⊕B显然是集合{(x,y)||x|≤3,|y|≤3,x,y∈Z}中除去四个点
{(-3,-3),(-3,3),(3,-3),(3,3)}之外的所有整点(即横坐标与纵坐标都为整数的点),即集合A⊕B表示如图所示的所有圆点“”+所有圆点“”+所有圆点“”,共45个.故A⊕B中元素的个数为45.故选C.]
17.C [∵A={x|x2-2x=0}={0,2},∴A∩B={0,2},故选C.]
18.D [N={x|x2-3x+2≤0}={x|1≤x≤2},又M={0,1,2},所以M∩N={1,2}.]
19.A [A={x|x≤-1,或x≥3},故A∩B=[-2,-1],选A.]
20.A [因为A={x|-1≤x≤2},B=Z,故A∩B={-1,0,1,2}.]
21.D [A∪B={x|x≤0或x≥1},所以∁U(A∪B)={x|0<x<1}.]
22.B [由题意可得M={x|-1<x<4},所以M∩N={x|0≤x<4},故选B.]
23.5 [∵A={1,2,3},B={2,4,5},
∴A∪B={1,2,3,4,5}.故A∪B中元素的个数为5.]
24.{7,9} [依题意得U={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10},∁U A={4,6,7,9,10},(∁U A)∩B={7,9}.]
B组两年模拟精选(2016~2015年)
1.C [由题意得,A={1,2,3,4,5},B={1,2,3},C={z|z=xy,x∈A且y∈B},当x=1时,z =1或2或3;当x=2时,z=2或4或6;当x=3时,z=3或6或9;
当x=4时,z=4或8或12;当x=5时,z=5或10或15;
所以C={1,2,3,4,6,8,9,12,5,10,15}中的元素个数为11,故选C.]
2. A [P={-2,-1,0,1,2},Q={0,1,2,3}.P∩Q={0,1,2}.
3. C [1,3,5∈N,M-N={2,4},所以集合M-N的子集个数为22=4个.]
4. C [依题意得,A ={x ∈N |(x +3)(x -1)≤0}={x ∈N |-3≤x ≤1}={0,1},共有22=4个子集,因此集合B 中元素的个数为4,选C.]
5. D [集合A ={x |x <-3或x >1},所以∁R A ={x |-3≤x ≤1},所以(∁R A )∩Z ={-3,-2,-1,0,1},
故选D.]
6. A [A ={y |y >1},B ={x |x ≥1},∴A ⊆B .]
7.{0,1,2} [A ={x |-2≤x ≤2},B ={x |0≤x ≤16,x ∈Z },则A ∩B ={0,1,2}.]
8.解 (1)A ={0,-4},
①当B =∅时,Δ=4(a +1)2-4(a 2-1)=8(a +1)<0,解得a <-1;
②当B 为单元素集时,a =-1,此时B ={0}符合题意;
③当B =A 时,由根与系数的关系得:⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧-2(a +1)=-4,a 2-1=0,解得a =1.
综上可知:a ≤-1或a =1.
(2)若A ⊆B ,必有A =B ,由(1)知a =1.。

相关文档
最新文档