2020-2021学年山西省高一(下)期末英语试卷(附答案详解)

2020-2021学年山西省高一（下）期末英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共45.0分）
A
Every day,we work to open doors for our future leaders,innovators,and adventurers to explore,create and learn on their own terms.And our museum is even more fun with friends! When
School-year field trips are 2 hours in length and can be scheduled between 9：30 am -2；30 pm,Tuesday - Friday.
Summer field trips can be scheduled at either 10 am - 12 ：30 pm or 12 ：30 pm - 3 pm,Tuesday - Friday.
The museum is closed on Thanksgiving Day,Christmas Eve,Christmas Day and New Year's Day.
Cost
﹩8 per child,at least 10 children to qualify（合格）for group rates.
Group visit rates do not apply during schools' fall break,winter break or spring break,when the price is ﹩14 per child.
Chaperons （监护人）
One chaperon for every five children is required,and all chaperons are free!Parents,teachers or adult caregivers over 18 years old qualify as chaperons.
Lunch
We do not have inside equipment for lunch,even in case of unpleasant weather.Outside benches and grassy areas are available on a first-come,first-served basis.
Parking
Free parking for guests and members when visiting the Children's Museum.Event Day parking prices may be different.Parking for nearby attractions for a small charge.
Guidelines
*Children and adults must stay together.No adults are allowed in the museum without a child,and no children without an adult.
*Adults are responsible for the safety of children at all times.
*No food or drinks inside the museum.
*Shoes are required in the museum （except for the Center for the Young Child）.
1.How long does a school year field trip last？______
A. 5 hours.
B. 4.5 hours.
C. 3.5 hours.
D. 2 hours.
2.How much is the ten-children group visit to the museum during spring break？______
A. ﹩80.
B. ﹩100.
C. ﹩120.
D. ﹩140.
3.What can we know about the trip to the museum？______
A. Children eat together at the same time.
B. Children go there by bus free of charge.
C. Children must go there with their parents.
D. Children can eat on the grass outside the museum.
B
Leonardo da Vinci,one of the greatest thinkers in the world,began his career as an artist.Very little is known about Leonardo's early life.He was born in 1452 in the town of Vinci.As a boy,Leonardo showed a great interest in drawing,sculpting and observing nature. However,because Leonardo was born to parents who were not married to each other,he was barred from some studies and professions.He trained as an artist after moving to Florence with his father in the 1460s.It was an exciting time to be in Florence,one of the cultural capitals of Europe.Leonardo trained with one of the city's very successful artists,Andrea del Verrocchio.He was a painter,sculptor and gold worker.Verrocchio told his students that they needed to understand the body's bones and muscles when drawing people.
Leonardo took the teacher's advice very seriously.He spent several periods of his life studying the human body by taking apart and examining dead bodies.While training as an
artist,Leonardo also learned about and improved on relatively new painting methods at the time.One was the use of perspective（透视）to show depth.A method called "sfumato" helped to create a cloudy effect to suggest distance. "Chiaroscuro" is a method using light and shade as a painterly effect.
Leonardo's first known portrait now hangs in the National Gallery in Washington,D.C.He made this painting of a young woman named Ginevra de' Benci around 1474.The woman has a pale face with dark hair.In the distance,Leonardo painted the Italian countryside.
He soon received attention for his extraordinary artistic skills.Around 1475 he was asked to
draw an angel in Verrocchio's painting The Baptism of Christ.One story says that when Verrocchio saw Leonardo's addition to the painting,he was so amazed by his student's skill that he said he would never paint again.
4.What does the underlined word "barred" mean in Paragraph 2？______
A. Saved.
B. Stopped.
C. Protected.
D. Separated.
5.What made Leonardo interested in studying the human body？______
A. His own desire.
B. His parents' request.
C. His teacher's suggestion.
D. Successful artists' direction.
6."Sfumato" and "Chiaroscuro" are mentioned in the text to show ______ .
A. the ways of art training
B. Andrea's teaching methods
C. the difficulty in learning art
D. Leonardo' devotion to learning
7.What resulted in Leonardo' first fame？______
A. Ginevra de' Benci.
B. The Baptism of Christ.
C. Andrea's appreciation.
D. The Italian countryside painting.
C
Food waste is one of the greatest challenges of our time,and fruits and vegetables are particularly problematic,as an estimated 52% of harvests go bad before reaching consumers.But one Malaysian company claims to have come up with a simple and effective solution to this problem—a tiny sticker（粘贴标签）that stops fruits spoiling for two weeks. You've probably seen stickers on fruits before,but not like the ones created by Stixfresh.Those common stickers are used only to provide consumers with information about the grower and how the fruit was grown,but Stixfresh has a different purpose.It contains a special,all-natural way that slows down the ripening process,keeping the fruit fresh and juicy for much longer. Stixfresh are made with 100% organic materials and contain a mixture of ionized（电离）Sodium Chloride and beeswax,which helps slow down the bacterial activity in the fruit,thus delaying the ripening process.The company insists that the stickers are so safe that you can
actually eat them.
Stixfresh founder Zhafri Zainudin says that he came up with the idea for the stickers four years ago,after visiting a friend who sold fruit.The man complained about losing money every day due to spoiled fruits,but seemed resigned（顺从的），as he knew there was no way to stop nature taking its course.However,the Malaysian entrepreneur had another idea.
"It got me to thinking.Maybe I couldn't stop nature,but could I slow it down？" Zainudin writes on his company's website.
The Malaysian businessman partnered with Selangor University to develop and test his stickers.It took him three years to perfect the manufacturing process and effect of his innovative product.
Originally,Stixfresh stickers were only used to prolong the shelf-life of mangos,but the company later realized that they also worked on other fruits of the same size and with similar texture,like dragon fruit and pears.
8.What is the problem with fruits and vegetables？______
A. They rot away before sale.
B. They are wasted by consumers.
C. They aren't ripe enough before harvests.
D. There are too many of them to be eaten in time.
9.What is special of the sticker created by Stixfresh？______
A. It records the products growing information.
B. It contains information of growing products.
C. It shows how to delay their ripening process.
D. It tells ways to use organic materials properly.
10.Zhafri Zainudin mentioned his visit to a fruit seller friend to show ______ .
A. his friend's poor life
B. his good relationship with him
C. how he cared about fruit salers
D. how the stickers came into being
11.Which of the following do Stixfresh stickers go for？______
A. Apples.
B. Grapes.
C. Bananas.
D. Watermelons.
D
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years,but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.When the world was still populated by
hunter-gatherers,small,tightly knit （联系）groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10，000 years ago,when the world had just five to ten million people,they spoke perhaps 12，000 languages between them. Soon afterwards,many of those people started settling down to become farmers,and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number.In recent
centuries,trade,industrialization,the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education,especially globalization and better communications in the past few decades,all have caused many languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English,Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present,the world has about 6，800 languages.The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven.The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages,often spoken by many people,which hot,wet zones have lots,often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 languages；the Americas about 1，000；Africa 2，400；and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3，200，of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.The median number （中位数）of speakers is a mere 6，000，which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6，800 languages and close to extinction（消亡），with only a few elderly speakers left.Pick,at random,Busuu in Cameroon （eight remaining speakers），Chiapaneco in Mexico（150），Lipan Apache in the United States （two or three）or Wadjigu in Australia （one,with a question-mark）：none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
12.What can we know about languages in hunter-gatherer times？______
A. They disappeared soon.
B. They had most speakers.
C. They were large in number.
D. They were mixed together.
13.What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2？______
A. Why many languages disappeared.
B. How languages became more settled.
C. What happened in the past few decades.
D. How many dominant languages formed.
14.What is the general rule of the distribution of languages？______
A. Asia has the most languages in the world.
B. Hot,wet zones have the fewest languages.
C. Half of the world's population speak 6，000 languages.
D. Mild zones have more people speaking fewer languages.
15.Which of the following can be the best title？______
A. The Worldwide Distribution of Languages
B. The Development of Languages in the World
C. Human Development Results in Fewer Languages
D. Location Decides the Number of Language Speakers
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共15.0分）
What do you want to be when you grow up？Perhaps you've been asked the question some times.When you are asked the question,did you have an answer at the ready？（1）______ We all have dreams of becoming something great,like a fireman,a teacher,or a rock star.Well,how did you do？Maybe you never desire to be what you set out to be or said that you would become. （2）______ The older we get,our tastes change,our view of the world changes,even our goals change.
One of the most important lessons I've learned during my career path is to do something you love to do.I feel that if you enjoy what you make a living at,you end up being happy in more ways than one. （3）______
While no job or business is perfect,the important thing is to enjoy it,even learn from it.If you are unhappy in your current situation,why not take steps now to change it？Somewhere out there is a job or business that is perfect for you.（4）______ If not,realize that it may take some time to figure out what you really want to do,and even more time to actually get there.That's all right!I can tell you from experience that finding and doing what you love are absolutely worth it.All of the research,training,and hands-on experience have made me a stronger,happier person. Do what you love and love what you do. （5）______ Trust me.I promise you will never look back.
A.You'll be happier for it.
B.But then again,things change.
C.If you are already there,I am happy for you；
D.Or did you need a few minutes to think about it？
E.Life itself becomes much more interesting and fun.
F.You must have met with such situation as a little child.
G.Maybe you will find that the new job is more suitable for you.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共40.0分）
On October 30，a fire broke out in the farm of a family in the village of Grusch,Switzerland.The stable（马厩）and the family's house（1）______ burned down.The next morning at the local school, （2）______ were shocked by the news of the （3）______ event.They wanted to help. Robin Egger worked with another teacher and together they（4）______ a plan for their students to help the family.
They went to local businesses for（5）______ money for the family.In exchange for the donation（捐款），their company logo was （6）______ at a market stand where students sold homemade goods.
"（7）______ ，the 9th graders sell self-made Christmas cards in town to earn money for their end-of-school trip," Egger told Sunny Skyz. "The students donated all their（8）______ to the project. （9）______ spending time in a project that would have（10）______ their end-of-year school trip,they use their afternoons to collect money for this family."
The students also（11）______ a large card with hopeful wishes for the family.The （12）______ was exhibited at the local town store.
The great deed of the 27 students in this project was （13）______ by Somedia,a local media company.
（14）______ of the company showed up at the school and surprised the students with（15）______ good news：the students were going on an end-of-year trip,free of charge.
Somedia paid the（16）______ for all of the students to visit Europapark,a world-famous theme park in Germany.
Egger says the family who lost their home and farm in the （17）______ is doing "much better". "At first the family didn't want to（18）______ the money；they thought it was too much,but at last they were （19）______ to take the money and have decided to（20）______ the house and the stables and continue farming," Egger said.
21. A. completely B. frequently C. finally D. silently
22. A. partners B. students C. workers D. teachers
23. A. strange B. regular C. terrible D. extra
24. A. changed B. reported C. realized D. developed
25. A. borrowing B. making C. saving D. raising
26. A. sold B. destroyed C. exhibited D. ignored
27. A. Fortunately B. Traditionally C. Suddenly D. Entirely
28. A. earnings B. savings C. clothes D. blood
29. A. Thanks to B. Instead of
C. As a result of
D. In addition to
30. A. shortened B. ruined C. benefited D. suggested
31. A. recorded B. connected C. compared D. decorated
32. A. card B. slogan C. notice D. poster
33. A. explained B. made C. replaced D. known
34. A. Participants B. Officials
C. Representatives
D. Members
35. A. disappointing B. unexpected C. worried D. encouraging
36. A. expenses B. activities C. visits D. programs
37. A. event B. fire C. flood D. war
38. A. accept B. calculate C. lose D. waste
39. A. refused B. advised C. convinced D. allowed
40. A. clean B. design C. repair D. rebuild
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
41.As you grow rapidly through your teenage years,you will experience a lot of changes.The
changes may seem difficult and they may seem to happen quickly.Don't panic!You will deal （1）______ （success）with them!You are a young adult now!
With more（2）______ （responsible），you will find more freedom to make your own choices.
This is a time to be well informed about your choices so that you can make healthy（3）______ （balance）decisions that will help shape your future.You may already know your career path（4）______ you may have no idea at all（5）______ you want to do.Both situations are fine!Work hard （6）______ the right opportunity will present itself to you.
Young adulthood means（7）______ （great）freedom and more choices.You will probably want to be（8）______ （depend）.But try not to shut your family out of your life.You should learn （9）______ （think）of others even though you are old enough to look after（10）______ （you）.Your family have been with you since you came into this world.
五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文
中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

As I am in primary school now,I had classes from Monday to Friday,but I am busy with my study and have little time to play.My life in class is busy.On the one hand,I need to finish my homework,this is the first thing I need to do.Just when I finish my homework will I go to play with my friends happy.On the other hand,I will ask my friends to go out for the fun or I will just stay at my bedroom playing computer game.I am so satisfied with me,because I study hard and play hard.As a student,I need to study.At the same time,I also need enjoy my childhood.
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
43.假如你是李华，请介绍一下你心目中的英雄或者你最敬佩的人，按要求写一篇关于
他（她）的简介。

内容包括：
1.对他（她）的评价；
2.他（她）的成就；
3.他（她）现在的生活。

注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

答案和解析
1.【答案】
【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。

根据When部分第一段
School-year field trips are 2 hours in length and can be scheduled between 9：30 am -2；
30 pm,Tuesday - Friday.一学年的实地考察时间为2小时，可以安排在周二至周五上午9：30至下午11：30之间。

可知学年度野外旅游时间长度为2小时。

故选D。

（2）D.数字计算题。

根据Cost部分
"Group visit rates do not apply during schools' fall break,winter break or spring break,when t he price is ﹩ 14 per child.团体参观费用不适用于学校的秋季、冬季或春季假期，每个孩子14美元。

"可知春假期间十个孩子集体参观博物馆要14*10=140元。

故选D。

（3）C.细节理解题。

根据Guidelines部分
"*Children and adults must stay together.No adults are allowed in the museum without a chil d,and no children without an adult.*儿童和成人必须呆在一起。

没有孩子的成人不得进入博物馆，没有成人的儿童不得进入博物馆。

"可知关于去博物馆的旅行我们能知道孩子们必须和父母一起去那里。

故选C。

这是一篇应用文。

从以下各个方面来说明博物馆可以给我们的朋友带来更多的快乐：开关的时间，所需的价钱，所需的监护人，午餐安排，停车安排，参观指南等。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

4.【答案】
【解析】（1）B.词句猜测题。

根据第二段的"However"可知，第二段首句与上文是转折关系，上文"As a boy,Leonardo showed a great interest in drawing,sculpting and observing nature.（小时候，莱奥纳多就对绘画、雕刻和观察自然表现出了极大的兴趣。

）"说明达
芬奇小时候，就对学习画画，雕刻和观察自己感兴趣，结合划线词所在句"However,because Leonardo was born to parents who were not married to each other,he
was barred from some studies and professions.（然而，由于莱奥纳多出生时，父母没有结婚，他被barred学习和职业。

）"可推断，因为家庭原因，达芬奇被禁止学习和职业，故划线词与B项"阻止"意思相近，A.Saved拯救；B.Stopped停止，阻止；C.Protected保护；D.Separated分开。

故选B项。

（2）C.细节理解题。

根据第二段的"Verrocchio told his students that they needed to understand the body's bones and muscles when drawing people.（维罗奇奥告诉他的学生们，他们在画画时需要了解身体的骨骼和肌肉。

）"和第三段首句"Leonardo took the teacher's advice very seriously.（莱奥纳多非常认真地对待老师的建议。

）"可知，他的老师的建议让莱奥纳多对研究人体感兴趣。

故选C项。

（3）D.推理判断题。

根据第三段的"Leonardo also learned about and improved on relatively new painting methods at the time.One was the use of perspective （透视）to show depth.A method called "sfumato" helped to create a cloudy effect to suggest distance. "Chiaroscuro" is a method using light and shade as a painterly effect.（莱奥纳多也了解并改进了当时相对较新的绘画方法。

一种是使用透视图来显示深度。

一种叫做"混乱"的方法帮助产生多云效
果来暗示距离。

"明暗对比"是一种使用光和阴影作为绘画效果的方法。

）"可推断，作
者通过提到这两种绘画方式来说明莱昂纳多对于学习的奉献。

故选D项。

（4）A.细节理解题。

根据第四段的"Leonardo's first known portrait now hangs in the National Gallery in Washington,D.C.He made this painting of a young woman named Ginevra de' Benci around 1474. （莱奥纳多的第一张著名的肖像画现在挂在华盛顿特区的国家美术馆。

他在1474年左右创作了一幅名叫吉尼薇•德•本西的年轻女子的画。

）"可知 Ginevra de' Benci.导致了莱昂纳多第一次出名。

故选A项。

本文是记叙文。

本文讲述了罗纳尔多•达芬奇是世界上最伟大的思想家，却开始了他作
为艺术家的生涯。

作为一个孩子他就表现出了对绘画、雕刻以及观察自然的兴趣，然而由于他的父母没有结婚就生下了他，因此他被禁止学习和工作，后来他跟随父亲去了佛罗伦萨才开始训练绘画，他师从Andrea del Verrocchio,达芬奇经过刻苦的学习，逐渐成为了远近闻名的画家。

1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目；2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原
文信息进行转换；
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

8.【答案】
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。

根据第一段第一句
and fruits and vegetables are particularly problematic,as an estimated 52% of harvests go bad before reaching consumers（水果和蔬菜的问题尤其严重，据估计有52%的收成在到达消费者手中之前就已经坏了。

）可知，许多蔬菜和水果在卖出之前就开始变质。

故选A 项。

（2）C.细节理解题。

根据第二段最后一句It contains a special,all-natural way that slows down the ripening process,keeping the fruit fresh and juicy for much longer.（它含有一种特殊的、全天然的方法，可以延缓成熟过程，使水果保持新鲜和多汁的时间更长。

）可知，这种标签的特殊之处就在于它含有一种特殊的材料，可以延缓成熟过程，使水果保持较长时间的新鲜。

故选C项。

（3）D.推理判断题。

根据第五段中的It got me to thinking.MaybeI couldn't stop nature,but could I slow it down？（这让我开始思考。

也许我无法阻止自然，但我能让它慢下来吗？）可知，看到他卖水果的朋友由于水果变质而无能为力时，他就产生改变这种状况的想法。

由此推知，这次看望朋友是他发明新型标签的起因。

故选D项。

（4）A.推理判断题。

根据最后一段中的but the company later realized that they also worked on other fruits of the same size and with similar texture,like dragon fruit and pears.（公司后来意识到可以将这种标签贴到有同样大小，相似结构的其它水果，例如火龙果和梨。

）由给出的选项可以判定Apples （苹果）符合贴这种标签的标准。

故选A项。

本文是一篇健康环保类说明文。

主要介绍了一种可以延缓水果腐烂和变质的特殊标签。

考查健康环保类阅读理解。

做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

12.【答案】
【解析】（1）C.推理判断题。

根据文章第一段的
"When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers,small,tightly knit （联系）
groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language exp erts believe that 10，
000 years ago,when the world had just five to ten million people,they spoke perhaps 12，
000 languages between them. （当世界还居住着狩猎采集者时，小的紧密联系的组织发展了他们自己的相互独立的语言模式。

一些语言专家认为，一万年前，当世界上只有500万到1000万人口的时候，他们之间可能说着12000种语言。

）"可知，在狩猎采集时代时，语言种类在数量上是很大的。

故选C项。

（2）A.段落大意题。

根据第二段内
容 Soon afterwards,many of those people started settling down to become farmers,and their la nguages too became more settled and fewer in number.In recent centuries,trade,industrializati on,the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education,espe cially globalization and better communications in the past few decades,all have caused many l anguages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English,Spanish and Chinese are incre asingly taking over.（不久之后，其中许多人开始定居下来成为农民，他们的语言也变得越来越稳定，数量越来越少。

近几个世纪以来，贸易、工业化、民族国家的发展和义务教育的普及，尤其是全球化和过去几十年更好的交流，都导致许多语言消失，占优势的语言如英语、西班牙语和汉语正在日益取代它们。

）"可知，第二段主要讲述许多语言
消失的原因。

故选A项。

（3）D.细节理解题。

根据第三段的
"The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages,often spoken by many peo ple,which hot,wet zones have lots,often spoken by small numbers.（一般的规律是，温和地
带的语言相对较少，经常被很多人说，然而炎热潮湿的地区有很多语言，通常少数人说。

）"可知，语言分布的一般规律是温和地带有更多的人说更少的语言。

故选D项。

（4）C.标题归纳题。

根据第一段中
"Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years,but in recent time there has b een less coming and a lot more going. （语言的产生和消失已经有几千年的历史了，但在
最近的时间里，出现的语言越来越少，消失的语言却越来越多。

）"；以及第二段中"In recent centuries,trade,industrialization,the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education,especially globalization and better communications in the past few decades,all have caused many languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English,Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. （近几个世纪以来，贸易、工业化、民族国家的发展和义务教育的普及，尤其是全球化和过去几十年更好的交流，都导致许多语言消失，占优势的语言如英语、西班牙语和汉语正在日益取代他们。

）"可知，本文主要介绍了随着人类的发展语言减少甚至灭绝的现象和原因，因此选项C"人类发展导致语言更少"符合题意。

故选C项。

本文是一篇说明文。

随着人类社会的发展，世界上的语言变得越来越少。

文章主要介绍了语言减少甚至灭绝的现象，并分析了其原因。

阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。

因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料。

其次，细读题材，各个击破。

掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。

要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性。

对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

16.【答案】
【解析】（1）D．逻辑关系题。

空格上文"When you are asked the question,didyou have an answer at the ready？（当你被问到这个问题时，你是否已经准备好了答案？）"和下文"（我们都梦想成为伟大的人，比如消防员、老师或摇滚明星。

）"一问一答，句意相扣，D项"Or did you need a few minutes to think about it？（还是你需要几分钟考虑一下？）"承接上文继续发问，延续了提问-回答这一关系，且"need a few minutes to think about it"与上文"have an answer at the ready"构成对比关系，语意相关。

故选D项。

（2）B．细节理解题。

下文"The older we get,our tastes change,our view of the world changes,even our goals change.（随着我们长大，我们的喜好也变了，我们的世界观，甚至目标也会改变。

）"是对B项"But then again,things change.（但话又说回来，事情会改
变。

）"语意的解释与延伸，两句中change一词多次出现，语意相关。

故选B项。

（3）E．逻辑关系题。

E项"Life itself becomes much more interesting and fun.（生活本身变得更有趣。

）"是对上文"I feel that if you enjoy what you make a living at,you end up being happy in more ways than one.（我觉得如果你喜欢你谋生的方式，你最终会在更多方面比其它人都感到幸福。

）"中"you end up being happy"是注解，两句语意有顺承关系。

故选E项。

（4）C．推理判断题。

根据下文"If not,realize that it may take some time to figure out what you really want to do,and even more time to actually get there.（如果没有，你要意识到你可能需要一些时间来弄清楚你真正想做什么，甚至需要更多的时间来真正做到。

）"中省略条件句"If not"可知，上文中需要出现被省略的内容，否则"If not"无法理解，C项"If you are already there,I am happy for you；（如果你已经在那里，我为你高兴；）"中出现了If 条件句中省略的内容，即"you are already there"。

两个if条件状语从句，一个肯定，一个否定，形成对比，让语意变得完整。

故选C项。

（5）A．逻辑关系题。

根据下文"Trust me.I promise you will never look back.（相信我。

我保证你不会后悔的。

）"可知，空格处说的是上文"Do what you love and love what you do.（做你所爱的事，爱你所做的事。

）"的结果，而且是美好的事情，A项"You'll be happier for it.（你会因此而更快乐。

）"符合语境。

故选A项。

这是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了为什么要做自己喜欢的事以及怎样做自己喜欢的事。

首先要通读全文，了解文章大意。

通读答案，找出相对应的关键词。

根据文章整体结构，具体内容、结合关键词，将选项填入文中。

21.【答案】
【解析】（1）A.考查副词及语境理解。

pletely完全地；B.frequenty频繁地；C.finally 最后；D.silently寂静地。

句意：马厩和家里的房子都被完全烧毁了。

根据下文
"They wanted to help."他们想帮忙。

可知，此处是指马厩和家里的房子都被完全烧毁了。

故选A。

（2）B.考查名词及语境理解。

A.partners搭档；B.students学生；C.workers工人；D.teachers 老师。

句意：第二天早晨在当地学校，学生们被那可怕的事件的消息震惊了。

根据下文they developed a plan for their students to help the family.他们为学生制定了一个助这个家庭的计划。

可知，此处是指学生们感到震惊，想要帮忙。

故选B。

（3）C.考查形容词及语境理解。

A.strange奇怪的；B.regular规律的；C.terrible可怕的；
D.extra额外的。

句意：第二天早晨在当地学校，学生们被那可怕的事件的消息震惊了。

根据前文The stables 马厩and the family's house completely burned down.可知，此处是指可怕的事件。

故选C。

（4）D.考查动词及语境理解。

A.changed改变；B.reported报告；C.realized实现；
D.developed开发，研制。

句意：罗宾埃格和另一位老师一起工作，他们一起为他们的学生制定了一个帮助这个家庭的计划。

根据下文for their students to help the family可知，此处是指制定了一个帮助这个家庭的计划。

故选D。

（5）D.考查动词及语境理解。

A.borrowing借；B.making制作；C.saving节省；D.raising 筹集。

句意：他们去当地的企业为这个家庭筹集资金。

根据下文
"In exchange for the donation"作为捐赠的交换，可知，此处是指这个家庭筹集资金。

故选D。

（6）C.考查动词及语境理解。

A.sold售卖；B.destroyed破坏；C.exhibited展示；D.ignored 忽视。

句意：作为捐款的回报，他们的公司标志被展示在一个学生出售自制商品的市场摊位上。

根据前文their company logo'和"at a market stand"可知，此处是指他们的公司标志被展示在一个学生出售自制商品的市场摊位上。

故选C。

（7）B.考查副词及语境理解。

A.Fortunately幸运的是；B.Traditionally传统上；C.Suddenly 突然；D.Entirely完全地，彻底地。

句意：按照传统，九年级学生在镇上出售自制的圣诞卡，为他们的年终学校旅行赚钱。

根据下文
" the 9th graders sell self-made Christmas cards in
town to earn money for their end-of-school trip "使用的是一般现在时可知，此处是指学校的传统。

故选B。

（8）A.考查名词及语境理解。

A.earnings收入；B.savings存款；C.clothes衣服；D.blood 血。

句意：学生们把他们所有的收入都捐给了这个项目。

根据前文
"the 9th graders sell self-made Christmas cards in town to earn money"可知，此处是指他们所有的收入。

故选A。

（9）B.考查介词短语及语境理解。

A.Thanks to多亏；B.Instead o而不是；C.As a result of。