航海英语常用词汇用语

一、英汉互译
Safety shoes 安全鞋
Safety boots 安全靴
Safety harness安全带
Wellington boots 惠灵顿靴
Ear plugs 耳塞
Ear defenders 护耳
Safety glasses 安全眼镜
Safety goggles 护目镜
Containerization 集装箱化的
Nautical mile海里
Non-slip paint防滑漆
Anti-fouling paint 防污漆
Maintenance work维护工作
Cement wash 水泥浆
Bitumen沥青
Metal primers 金属底漆
Stand by engine备车
GPS （Global positioning system）全球定位系统Avoid collision 避碰
Stern light 尾灯
Side light 舷灯
Overtaking 超越
Head-on situation 对遇情况
Radar 雷达
IMO （International Maritime Organization）国际海事组织
Man overboard人员落水
Personal safety 个人安全
Lifeboat救生艇
Life raft救生筏
二、名词解释
1、Chronometer（天文钟）：We can usually get the correct time from the chronometer,which is a very accurate clock.
2、Maintenance work（维护工作）：The maintenance is to protect the ship from the damaging effects of salt water, changes in temperature and the action of waves.
3、sextant（六分仪）：The sextant is an instrument which measures the angle between the celestial body and the horizon.
4、General cargo（杂货）：General cargo consists of a variety of goods. Those goods are packed separately.
5、Bulk cargo（散货）：Bulk cargo consists of a single commodity. This commodity is usually carried in loose.
三、填空
1 Nowadays on board ship we will find both paper and electronic charts.
2 The present day sophisticated position fixing system used on board are EPFS and GPS
DGPS is more accurate than GPS.
3 Example of traditional methods of navigation are celestial navigation & coastal navigation & dead reckoning.
4 Ship’s hull can be divided into three parts of topside, boot-topping, bottom in order to do painting.
5 In the head-on situation the two vessels involved should each normally alter course to starboard so that they shall pass on the portside of the other.
6 Rule 18 explains privilege to certain categories of vessels in order of their ability to take avoiding action. Thus a sailing vessel underway shall keep out of the way of:
a vessel not under command;
a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre;
a vessel engaged in fishing;
a sailing vessel.
7 Dry bulk cargo includes grain, iron-ore, coal and sugar.
四、语法
1 Can you pass me a pen______?
for write B、to write C、to write with D、writing
2 The boy knows a little English and ______?
so do I B、neither do I C、so can I D、neither am I 3 Not until yesterday afternoon _______ raining.
it had stopped B、had it stopped C、it stopped D、it did stop
4 Neither you nor _______ it.
A、 I could do
B、could I do
C、I were able to do
D、was able to do
5 Out _______ after the door was opened.
did the dog run B、ran the dog C、the dog ran D、does the dog ran
6 It was last year _______ you taught me how to drive. when B、that C、where D、which
7 ______ find my wallet , Tom ?
Where did you that B、Where was it you C、Where have you D、Where was it that you
8 It is the ability to do the job _______ matters, not where you came from or what you are.
One B、it C、what D、that
Was it in this palace _____ the last emperor died?
A、 that
B、in which
C、what
D、he
Was it during The Second World War ______ he died ?
A、 that
B、while
C、in which
D、then
11 It is no use _____ anything with Thomas because he will never change his mind.
to discuss B、being discussed C、discussing D、to be discussed
12 I like _____ very much，but I don’t like _____ this morning.
Swimming；Swimming B、to Swim；to swim C、Swimming；to Swim D、to swim； Swimming
13 The bird was lucky that it just missed _____ . catching B、to be caught C、being caught D、to catch 14 He decided _____ volleyball because he was tired of it.
to give playing up B、giving up playing C、to give up playing D、giving playing up
15 China is a ______ country , but with quite a long history.
development B、develop C、developed D、developing
五、详答
1 Name some navigational instruments on board vessel.
AIS、 GPS、 Electronic chart、 Chronometer、 Radar、Echo sounder
2 Why is maintenance work much needed on board on a ship?
Maintenance can protect the ship from the damaging effects of salt water, changes in temperature and the action of waves.
3 Do you know some safe working practice on board a ship？
Choose fit and suitable clothes for working.
Wear safety goggles while handling chemicals, grinding, drilling and so on.
Remove any oil falling on deck ASAP.
Wear safety hat in Engine room
Wear ear muffs when required to do work in high noise level spaces.
4 What should are you do when MOB？
5 What are the advantages & disadvantages of containerization？
Advantage:
Less time
Less paperwork
Less handling means
Less damage
Less pilfering
Less insurance
Easier stowage
Easily load & unload
Flexibility of usage Higher speed
Disadvantage:
Expensive transport system Special port facilities Empty movement
Site constraints
Limited cargo type Complex arrangement。