英语常用动词搭配短语

I. 考试高频短语动词
高频词：break, bring, call, come, get, hold, pull, go, keep, look, make, put, run, set, take, turn;
次高频：cut, draw, fall, hand, leave, pick, give;
高频词
（1） break-phrases
●break away突然离开，强行逃脱：
break away from the British Empire and become an independent country 摆脱大英帝国而成为一个独立的国家
●break down ★★
1. 损坏：Our car broke down.我们的车抛锚了。

2.（健康等）垮掉，崩溃：His health has broken down completely.他的健康已经完全垮了。

●break in/into
1.非法闯入，强行进入：
The burglars broke in and stole my money.窃贼破门而入偷走了我的钱。

/ break into the room闯进房间
2.打断，插嘴：He broke in with some ideas of his own.他插话说明自己的观点。

●break off中断，突然停止★：
He broke off to answer the telephone.他停下来去接电话。

●break out 爆发，突然出现★★：
The American Civil War broke out in 1861.美国内战于1861年爆发。

●break through★★
1.突围，冲破：It was a cloudy, but the sun broke through at last.原来是个阴天，不过最后太
阳终于出来了。

2.取得突破性成就：We hope to break through soon in the fight against cancer.我们希望在与癌
症斗争中很快有所突破。

●break up
1.打碎，粉碎： break up that box for firewood 把那个箱子劈开当柴烧
2.散开，驱散★★；分手：The crowd broke up.人群散开了。

3.中止，结束★：Meeting have been broken up.会议被迫终止。

（2）bring-phrases
●bring about导致，引起★★：
his efforts to bring about a reconciliation between the two parties 他调和两党的努力
●bring around/round
1.说服，使信服： bring around a sizable majority of the committee说服委员会相当多的成员
2.使恢复知觉（健康）（同bring to）：It took a long time to bring him around.花了很长时间才
使他恢复知觉。

●bring down ★★
1.使落下，打倒： bring down the enemy plane 击落敌机
2.降低，减少： bring down the temperature in the room 降低室内温度
●bring forth产生，提出： bring forth good fruit 产生良好的结果
●bring forward★★★
1.提前： bring the date of the congress forward a few months.将代表大会的日期提前几个月
2.提出，提议：bring forward a feasible proposal提出一项切实可行的建议
●bring off使实现，做成：
bring a difficult task off 完成一件困难的工作
●bring on引起，助长，促进：
More study should bring on your English.多花点时间定能使你的英语进步。

●bring out★★
1.出版，推出： bring out his works next month.下个月出版他的作品
2.使显出; 激起，引起：：Difficulties and hardships have brought out the best qualities of the
young geologist.这个年轻的地质学家在艰难困苦中表现出卓越的品质。

Difficult conditions will sometimes bring out a man’s best qualities.困难的条件有时能把一个人最优良的品质发挥出来。

●bring through使（病人）脱险，使安全度过(比come/pull through )：
He was very ill, but the doctor brought him through.他病得很厉害，但经医生治疗他已转危为安。

●bring to使恢复知觉:
They poured water over her to bring her to.他们向她身上浇水，使她苏醒过来。

●bring up★
1.养育，教养：be brought up in the city 在城市中长大
2.提出：bring up fresh evidence 提出新的证据
（3） call-phrases
●call for
⒈邀约，叫（某人）来：John called for Mary to take her to the dance.约翰约玛丽到她家接她
参加舞会。

⒉要求，需要★★★★call for immediate action 需要立即采取行动
●call in叫…进来，招来:
I waited only two minutes before I was called in.我只等了两分钟，就被叫进去了。

●call off 取消★★：
The baseball game was called off because of rain.棒球赛因雨而取消。

●call on/upon★
1.访问，拜访： call on an old friend 拜访一个老朋友
2.号召，要求：call on the workers of the country to support the strike 号召全国工人支持罢
工
●call up
⒈打电话： call up a friend just for a chat 打电话给朋友只为聊天
⒉召集：He was called up right at the beginning of the war.他在战争一开始就被征召入伍。

⒊使人想起★：The picture called up memories of our trip.这个照片使我们想起我们的旅行。

（4） come-phrases
●come about★★发生，产生：
Can you tell me how the accident come about？你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗？
●come across★★偶然遇见，碰上：
come across an old school friend in the street 在街上遇见一位老校友
●come along
1.出现，发生：“Is she married? ”“No, she says she is waiting for the right man to come
along. ”“她结婚了吗？”“她说她在等待着意中人的出现。

”
2.进步，进展：The work is coming along quite well.工作进展得相当顺利。

●come apart破碎，崩溃：
The pot just came apart in my hand. 茶壶就在我手中裂开了。

●come around/round★
⒈苏醒,复原：Pour some water on his face--he'll soon come round.往他脸上泼些水——她很快就
能醒过来。

⒉顺便来访：Do come round and see us some time..务必顺便来家坐坐。

●come by
1.得到，获得：Jobs are hard to come by these days.近来找工作很难。

2.访问，看望
●come down
1.（物价）下跌（见bring down）★★：The price of petrol is coming down.汽油价格在下跌。

2.落魄，潦倒：He had come to begging.他已沦为乞丐。

●come down to ★★可归结为：
It comes down to two choices: you either improve your work, or you leave.归结起来有两条出路：你或者改进工作，或者辞职。

●come in for 受到，遭到：
The government's economic policies have come in for much criticism in the newspapers.政府的经济政策遭到报纸的多方抨击。

●come off
⒈脱落，分开：When I tried to lift the jug, the handle came off.我刚一提这个罐，把儿就掉
了。

⒉结果，表现★★★：The film doesn't quite come off.这部电影很不成功。

●come out
⒈出现，显露：The rain stopped and the sun came out.雨停了，太阳出来了。

⒉出版，发表★★★★：When is her new novel coming out? 她的新小说何时问世？
⒊结果是★★：Everything will come out all right.到头来一切都会好的。

●come through 经历…仍活着，安然度过：
He has come through two world wars.他经历过两次世界大战。

●come to
⒈苏醒 The doctor applied some medicine and he began to come to. 医生用药后,他恢复了知觉。

⒉总数为，结果是：I never expected those few items to come to so much.我想不到就那么几项
合计起来竟要这么多钱。

3.涉及，谈到★★★★：When it comes to politics I know nothing.关于政治我一窍不通。

●come up
1. 出现，发生：A light breeze came up.一阵微风吹来。

2.走上前来：While we were talking a man came up. 我们正在谈话时,一个男人走了过来。

●come up against ★★偶然遇到，突然（意外）碰到（困难、反对等）(另见run up against)：
We expect to come up against a lot of opposition to the scheme.我们预计这个计划要遭到很多人的反对。

●come up to 等于，比得上，达到（标准）：
His performance didn't really come up to his usual high standard.他没有真正发挥出他平日具有的高水平来。

●come up with ★★★★提出，提供，想出：
She came up with a new idea for increasing sales.她想出了增加销售量的新注意。

（5） get-phrases
●get about (消息等)传开(同get (a)round) ★：
The word soon got about that George was going to England. 乔治要去英国的消息很快传开了。

●get across 解释清楚，使人了解★：
He got his meaning across. 他把意思讲清楚了。

●get along / on （with）
1.进展：How are you getting along with your job?你的工作进展如何？
2．与…相处（融洽）：They can’t get along together? 他们就是合不来。

3.生活，过活：get along on a small income 靠微薄的收入过活
●get around / round
1.（消息）传开：When word about this got around, people quickly headed for the spot. 当消
息一传开，人们都上这个地方来。

2．（to）抽出时间来做（考虑）★★★★：I only got around to doing this a few days ago. 几天前我才抽出时间做这件事。

●get at
1.够得着，触及：Put the food where the cat can’t get at it. 把食物放在猫够不着的地方。

2.意指，意思是(同drive at)：What are you getting at when you look at me like that? 你那样
看着我是什么意思？
3．查明，发现：get at the causes of crime找出犯罪的原因
4．指责：Who are you getting at? 你在攻击谁？
●get by
1.通过：I didn’t do too well on the exam, but I think I got by. 我考得不怎么好，不过我想
可以勉强及格。

2.过得去,勉强过活：He gets by on very little money. 他靠着很少的钱过日子。

●get down
1.写下：get a message down把口信记下来
2.使沮丧：The wet weather is getting me down.这种阴湿天气使我打不起精神。

3.(to)开始认真处理，着手做★★★★：Let’s ge t down to the problem. 让我们开始解决这个问
题吧。

●get into
1. 对…发生兴趣：I’m really getting into Jazz these days. 近来我喜爱上了爵士乐了。

2.卷入：get into trouble 陷入麻烦
3.(使)进入：get into a rage 勃然大怒
●get off
1.(从…)下来：She got off her bicycle and went into the house. 她下了自行车，走进了那所房
子。

2.动身，出发：We got off immediately after breakfast. 我们吃完早餐就动身了。

3.结束(工作),下班：Could you get off early tomorrow？明天你能早点下班吗？
4.逃脱惩罚：A good lawyer might be able to get you off. 一个好的律师有可能使你免受惩罚。

●get on
1.登上(车、船、飞机等)，骑上（马、自行车等）：I’ll hold your horse while you get on.你上
马时我来牵住他。

2.（to）转入（某一话题）：Somehow, we got on to grandparents. 不知怎么的，我们谈起祖父母来。

3.（with）与…相处（融洽）：Our new manager is very easy to get on with. 我们的新经理非常
随和。

4.进展，过活：How are you getting on these days？近来生活如何？
5.（with）继续：Get on with your homework.继续做你的作业。

●get out
1.(使)离开,退出,(使)逃脱，改掉：get out of a bad habit 改掉一个坏习惯
2.(消息等)泄露：Their secret got out. 他们的秘密泄露了。

●get over
1.克服，(从疾病、失望 )中恢复过来★★★★：get over a difficulty 克服困难/It took me a long
time to get over my cold 过了好久我的感冒才好。

2．克服，解决（问题）★★★★：You will soon get over your shyness. 你会很快克服羞怯心理的。

●get through
1. 干完，结束，完成★★：I wish to get through the business quickly. 我希望赶快把这件事情
办完。

2 .度过(时间)：She hardly knew how to get through the rest of the day. 她不知道怎样度过这
一天的剩余时间。

3.(使)通过(客使),(使议案等)获得通过：The new law will never get through. 这项新法律永远通
不过。

4.(将)讲清楚★：It’s difficult to get through to students who don’t want to learn. 要不
愿学的孩子听懂是困难的。

5.接通电话：I rang you several times, but couldn’t get through. 我给你打了几次电话，但都
没打通。

（6） go-phrases
●go about
1.着手做,处理,忙于★★：If you go about it in the right way, you’l l soon get it finished.
你假如用正确的方法着手去做,很快就会完成。

2.(with)常…与交往：He goes about with a bunch of thugs. 他经常和一帮流氓厮混。

●go after追赶，追求：
Beware of men who go after fame and wealth.提防那些追逐名利的人。

●go against
1.反对，违背★★：I wouldn’t advise you to go against your father. 我劝你不要忤逆你的父亲。

2.对…不利：The case may go against you. 这案件可能对你不利。

●go ahead
1.进行：You go ahead and tell them that we will be there shortly. 你先走一步，告诉他们我们
随后就到。

2.开始：Go ahead，we’re all listening. 开时讲吧，我们都听着呢。

●go around / round
1.流传：The infection went round the whole city. 这种传染病传遍了全市。

2.足够分配：Are there enough chairs to go round？椅子够坐吗？
3.(with)常…与交往：Why do you go round with such disreputable people? 你为什么和这些声名
狼藉的人混在一起？
●go at
1.攻击：He went at a dog with a stick.他拿棍朝狗打去。

2.着手做,努力做：How are you going to go at the job？这项工作你将怎样着手进行？
●go back on违背(诺言等) ★★：
Don’t go back on your words. 可别说了不算。

●go by遵守,遵循,依据：
Mother goes by a pattern when she makes a dress. 母亲总是按照纸样缝制连衣裙。

●go down
1. 下降，减少,降低(同come down)：Prices are going down in the market. 市场价格在下降。

2. (船)沉没, (日)落：We sat and watched the sun go down. 我们坐着看日落。

3. (with)生…病：go down with flu 患流感
4. (well, badly)(不)受欢迎,(不)被接受：His joke went down badly with the audience.他的笑话
不受听众的欢迎。

●go for
1.竭力想取得,选择：That’s the very book I was going for. 那正是我要找的书。

2.袭击：She went for him with a carving knife.她持切肉刀攻击他。

3.喜爱：I don’t go much for modern art. 我不很欣赏现代艺术。

4.适用于：What I said about him goes for you， too. 我说的关于他的话，也适用于你。

●go in for
1.从事，参加,致力于★★★★：The firm goes in exclusively for this class of goods. 该公司
专门经营此类产品。

2.爱好,追求，沉湎于：Mary goes in for blue rather a lot. 玛丽很喜欢兰色。

●go into
1.进入,参加：go into a temper发脾气
2.开始从事：go into politics投身政治
3.研究，调查(look into)★★：We’ll need to go into the problem in more detail before we make
any decision. 我们有必要在作出决定之前对这一问题做进一步的研究。

●go off
1.爆炸，开火,突然响起,发射★★：The gun went off by accident. 枪偶然走火。

2.(电等)中断,停止：Suddenly the lights went off. 灯光突然熄灭了。

3.不再喜欢：I’ve gone off beer.我不爱喝啤酒了。

●go on
1.继续，接着：If you go on like this, you’ll make big mistake some day.如果你再这样下去，
势必会有一天要犯大错误。

2.进行,发生：That doesn’t go on in real life.这在现实生活中是不会发生的。

3.(时间)过去(go by)：As the weeks went on， still no letters arrived. 时间一星期又一星期地
过去,但还是没有信来。

4.(灯)亮,开始运行：The lights goes on when it gets dark. 天黑时灯亮了。

●go out
1.外出：He went out unobserved. 他出去时没有人看见。

2.过时：Flared trousers went out years ago.喇叭裤多年以前就不时兴了。

3.(潮)退,(灯)熄灭,终止：The candle went out itself. 蜡烛自己熄灭了。

4.送出,公布,播出：Have the invitation gone out yet？请帖发出去没有？
●go over
1. 仔细检查，察看,审查★★：The teacher was going over the examination papers. 老师正在改
卷子。

2. 复习，重做,重温：He went over his notes before the exam. 他在考试前复习了笔记。

●go through
1.经历，遭受★★：You will have to go through a severe test. 你得经受一次严峻的考验。

2.详细检查,查找,详细讨论：I’ve gone through all my pockets but I still can’t find my key.
我翻遍了所有的口袋，可是仍没有找到钥匙。

3.获得通过,被批准：The new law has gone through Parliament. 新法律已在议会通过。

4.(with)将…干到底(get through)：I can’t go through with this performance；I’m so nervous.
我完不成这场表演，我感到很紧张。

●go under
1.下沉，沉没：The ship struck upon a rock and soon went under. 船撞在一块暗礁上,很快就沉没
了。

2.失败，破产：The firm has gone under. 这家商号经营失败。

●go up
1.上升，上涨，增长，增加(反d o down)：If other costs go up, rents will be affected. 如果其
他费用上涨，租金将会受到影响。

2.正在建设中，建立：How many houses have gone up this year? 今年兴建了多少房子？
3．炸毁，烧毁★★：The whole building went up in flames. 整座建筑在大火中焚毁。

●go with
1.跟…相配★★：These shoes doesn’t go with the dress. 这双鞋子与这身衣服不相称。

2. 与…相伴：A healthy mind goes with a healthy body. 健全的头脑来自于健全的身体。

3.附属于：The furniture goes with the house.家具是和这房子一起出售的。

●go without没有，没有…也行★★★：
a clock that goes a month without winding 连续走一个月而不要上发条的钟
（7） hold-phrases
●hold back
1. 阻挡,抑制★★：The police hold back the crowd.警察拦住人群。

2. 踌躇，退缩：Don’t hold anything back, you must tell me everything.什么都不要隐瞒，你要
把一切都告诉我。

3. 保守(秘密),隐瞒：He was holding back something back from me.他有什么事在瞒着我。

●hold down (=keep down)
1.阻止(物价等)上涨★★：The rate of inflation must be held down.通胀率必须控制在低水平。

2.压制,控制：Hold down that noise ，please.请把噪音弄轻些。

3.保持住(工作等)：Hold down a well-paid job.保持住报酬优厚的职位。

●hold forth 滔滔不绝地讲：
He held forth for hours on that subject.他一连几个钟头滔滔不绝地讲述那个问题。

●hold off
1.推迟,拖延：He tried to hold off making decisions.他试图推迟做出决定。

2.阻止,抵挡住：They held off the attacks of the enemy.他们抵挡住敌军的进攻。

●hold on
1.等一会,(电话)别挂断：Hold it on，please.请别把电话挂上。

2.继续，握住不放,坚持住：They hold on in spite of the snow.他们冒雪继续前进。

●hold on to/onto紧紧抓住，坚持：
hold on to one’s principle坚持原则
●hold out
1.伸出：hold out one’s hands 伸出双手
2.维持，保持：The water won’t hold out much longer.水维持不了多久了。

3. 坚持(要求)，不屈服：hold out to the last 坚持到底
●hold over延缓,推迟：
The matter was held over till the next meeting.这件事被推迟到下个会议解决。

●hold up
1. 支持,支撑：Don’t worry. The house will hold up.别担心，房子不会倒下来。

2.延迟,阻挡，使停止★★★：The storm held us up.暴风雨把我们给耽搁了。

3.展示,举出：The teacher held up excellent models of composition for his class to imitate.
教师展出一些范文供学生仿效。

4. 抢劫，拦截：His automobile was held up in broad daylight.他的汽车在光天化日之下遭到了抢
劫。

●hold with赞成,赞同：
I don’t hold with excessive drinking and late hours.我不赞成酗酒和熬夜。

（8） keep-phrases
●keep at继续做：
He kept at his diet faithfully.他不折不扣地坚持按规定食谱进食。

●keep back
1. 阻止，抑制：keep back youngsters from social evils.不让年轻人沾染社会恶习。

2. 隐瞒，保留：You are keeping something back from us.你对我们隐瞒了一些事情。

●keep down
1.压制，镇压，压低（声音）★：The military government tried to keepdown the revolutionaries.
军政府试图镇压革命者。

2.控制，抑制★★：keep down one’s anger按奈心头的怒火/ keep one’s weight down控制体重
●keep from阻止，抑制：
The rain keeps us from going out这场雨使我们不能出门。

●keep off（使）不接近，（使）让开★★★★:
Draw the curtain to keep the sun off. 拉上窗帘，遮住阳光。

●keep on继续进行，继续下去：
They kept on till the work was finished. 他们继续干下去，直到完成那项工作。

●keep to
1.遵守，信守★★：Keep to one’s promise信守诺言。

2.坚持：Keep to your task till you’ve finished. 望你坚持工作，直到干完为止。

●keep up
1.（使）继续下去，保持: Rain kept up all night.雨下了一整夜。

2. 使居高不下：The cost of raw material keep up. 原料价格坚挺。

●keep up with跟上★★：
keep up with the time 与时俱进/keep up with the rest of the class跟上班上的其他同学
（9） look-phrases
●look back回顾，回头看：
I look back on those days as the happiest time of my life. 我回顾那些日子，把它看作是我生
活中最快活的一段时间。

●look down on/upon看不起，轻视★★：
Just because they owned their own home and were slightly better off, they always looked down upon us as poor relatives. 只因为他们买了房产，家境比较富裕，他们就把我们当作穷亲戚看不起我们。

●look forward to期盼，期待：
I'm really looking forward to your party. 我一心期待着你将举办的聚会。

/ I'm looking forward to going to your party. 我一心盼望参加你举办的聚会。

●look in顺便看望：
Thank you for looking in on me.谢谢你顺道来看我。

/to look in on the party 在聚会上露面
●look into调查，观察★★：
The police have received the complaint, and they're looking into it. 警方已收到投诉函件，
他们正进行调查。

●look on
1.旁观，观看：
John took part in the games, but the rest of us just looked on. 约翰参加了游戏，其他人只是一旁观看。

2.看待：
Most people look on the government's promises with complete disbelief. 大多数人对政府所作的诺言抱着完全不信任的态度。

3. 视作(与as连用)★★：
I look on him as a friend. 我把他当作一位朋友。

●look out留神，注意，提防，警惕：
Look out! There's a car coming. 小心点！一辆汽车开过来了。

●look over检查，查看，调查：
They looked over every machine for possible repairs. 他们查看了每一部机器，看有什么需要修理。

●look through仔细查看，浏览，温习：
Look through this proposal for me, and tell me what you think of it. 替我好好看一下这个提案，并把你的想法告诉我。

/ Let's look through these lessons more carefully. 我们来把这几课好好复习一下。

●look to
1.照管，留心：
You should look to your health. 你应当注意健康。

2.指望，依靠：
We are looking to you for help. 我们指望你的帮助。

●look up
1. 查阅，查寻★★：
Look up the word in the dictionary. 翻翻词典查查这个词。

2. 看望，拜访：
Do look me up the next time you’re in London. 你下次来伦敦，务必来找我。

●look up to尊敬，敬仰★：
Our director is a man whom everyone looks up to. 我们主任是个大家都尊敬的人。

（10） make-phrases
●make for走向，驶向；有助于，有利于★★★：
It started raining, so she made for the nearest shelter.开始下雨了，所以她向最近的避雨处奔去。

/The large print makes for easier reading. 大号字体便于阅读。

make it办成，成功；赶上，及时到达：
He’s never really made it as an actor. 他当演员从未有所成就。

●make of 理解，推断：
What am I to make of your behaviour? 我怎样来解释你的行为呢？
●make off
1.匆忙离开，逃走
2.偷走，携(…)而逃：
The thieves made off in a stolen car. 小偷乘偷来的汽车溜掉了。

●make out辨认，区分，理解，了解；开列，书写★★★：
I can just make out the writing. 我勉强认出这种笔迹。

/ He's an odd character; I can't quite make him out.他是个古怪的人物，我很难了解他。

/ to make out a cheque开出一张支票
●make up
1.构成，组成，拼凑：
Farming and mining make up most of the country's industry. 农业和矿业构成这个国家产业的大部分。

2. 弥补，赔偿： make up a loss补偿损失
3.化妆，编造：
These days many girls make up when they are still quite young. 现在很多女孩年纪轻轻就开始化妆。

/ The whole story is made up. 整个故事是编造的。

4.和解，重归于好★★：
Why don’t you two kiss and make up? 你们两个接个吻，言归于好吧！
5.补充，补足★：
make up a deficiency 补缺 / make up the money 补足钱款
●make up for弥补★★★：
We're working fast to try and make up for lost time. 我们在努力工作，试图补偿失去的时间。

（11） pull-phrases
●pull apart把…拉开（或拆开），被拉开（拆开）：
He rushed in to pull apart the boys that were fighting. 他冲了进去，把正在厮打的男孩们拉开。

●pull away（把…）开走，（使）离开：
He pulled his car away from the roadside. 他把汽车驶离路边。

●pull down拆毁，拉倒；拉下，降低★★：
They are pulling down those houses to make room for a new hotel. 为了建造新旅馆，他们正在拆除那些房屋。

●pull in （车）停下，进站，（船）到岸(=draw in)：
The car pulled in at the garage. 汽车开到车库停下。

●pull off
1.脱（帽、衣等）：
pull off one’s shirt 脱掉衬衫 / Help me pull these boots off. 帮我把靴子脱下来。

2.（成功地）完成：
The horse will pull off the race. 那匹马会跑赢。

/ Father enjoys pulling off a miracle. 父亲喜欢一鸣惊人。

●pull out
1.拔出，抽出，取出：
He had a tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天拔掉了一颗牙。

2.（车，船等）驶出；（车辆）减速(反pull in)：
The train for Shanghai is pulling out of platform five. 发往上海的火车正从5号月台开出。

3.（使）摆脱困境★：
She had a spell of dizziness but soon pulled out of it. 她头晕了一阵，但很快就好了。

●pull over把（车）驶到（或驶向）路边：
Pull (your car) over and let me pass! 把你的车闪开，让我过去！
●pull through （使）度过危机（或难关），（使）恢复健康：No one thought the patient would pull
through. 没人认为这个病人还能恢复健康。

●pull together齐心协力，团结起来★★：
If we pull together, success is certain. 如果我们通力合作，肯定能够成功。

●pull up（使）停下(=draw up)★★：
The car pulled up at the traffic lights. 汽车在交通灯前停下了。

/ His unexpected criticism rather pulled me up short. 他那出乎意料的批评使我停下来认真思考。

（12） put-phrases
●put across/over解释清楚，说明★：
an inexperienced teacher who doesn't put his ideas /himself across very well 不怎么懂得如何把自己的想法讲清楚的没有经验的老师
●put aside
1.储存，保留★★：
A man has to make provision for his old age by putting aside enough money to live on when old. 一个人必须为老年做准备：存足够的钱作为老了的依靠。

2.把……放在一边，暂不考虑：
Let us put aside our differences. 让我们丢开我们的分歧。

●put away放好，收好；储存★：
Put the books away in the cupboard. 把那些书放回柜子里去。

●put in
1.花费，付出（时间、精力等）★★：
I put in a pleasant hour with Jane. 我跟简度过了一段愉快的时刻。

/ You have already put in
a lot of work. 你已经做了大量的工作。

2.正式提出，申请：
put in a claim for damages 提出赔偿损失的要求/put in a request for an interview 要求会见
●put off
1.推迟，推延★★：
I'll have to put off my visit until next month. 我得把我的访问推迟到下个月。

2.阻止，劝阻：
Nothing would put her off once she had made up her mind. 她一旦做出决定就什么也阻挡不了她。

●put on
1.穿上，戴上：
He put on his glasses to read the letter. 他戴上眼镜看信。

2.上演★★：
put on a concert for sb. 为某人举行一场音乐会
3.增加（体重）：
He is putting on weight. 他的体重在增加。

●put out
1.熄灭，消灭，关（灯）：
She put out the light. 她熄了灯。

2.出版，发布(bring out) ★★：
The government has put out a statement denying these rumours. 政府发表了一项声明，否认这些谣言。

3.生产(turn out) ★★：
That factory put out thirteen machines every month. 那家工厂每月生产13台机器。

4.伸出：
He put out his hand to steady her. 他伸出手去扶住她。

/ The doctor told me to put out my tongue.
医生叫我伸出舌头给他看。

●put through为……接通电话，接通（电话）(get through)：
I’m trying to put you through. 我正想办法给你接通电话。

●put up
1.提起，举起，升起，提（价）：
They've put the price up. 他们提高了价格。

2.为…提供食宿，投宿★★：
I'm afraid I can't put you up; you'll have to go to a hotel. 我怕不能给你们提供膳宿，你们得到旅馆去住。

/ We'll put up at a hotel for the night.我们将在旅馆住一夜。

3.建造：
They're putting up a new office block. 他们正在建造一幢新办公楼。

4.搭起，支起：
Have you put up the tent? 你搭起帐篷没有？
5.张贴：
She put up the exam results. 她公布了这次考试结果。

1.进行（抵抗等）：
He’s putting up a brave fight. 他正在英勇战斗。

2.提供，提名，提出：
put up an argument 提出论据 / put up a plan 提出计划/ put one’s friend up as secretary 推荐自己的朋友当秘书
●put up with容忍，忍受：
I can't put up with your rudeness any more; leave the room. 我不能再忍受你这种无礼的态度了，请离开这个房间！
（13） run-phrases
●run across撞见，碰见★★：
I ran across my old friend Bill in London last week. 上星期我在伦敦和老友比尔不期而遇。

●run away with
1.（感情等）战胜，不受……的约束：
Her temper ran away with her. 她按捺不住，大发脾气。

2.偷走：
Someone ran away with our jewels while we were out. 我们不在家时有人偷走了我们的珠宝。

3.与……私奔：
He ran away with his boss’s wife. 他带着他老板的妻子私奔了。

4.轻易地赢得（比赛、奖品等）：
Our team should run away with the cricket competition. 我队应当轻而易举地赢得了各种奖。

●run down
1.撞倒★★：
The pedestrian was run down by the car. 这个行人被车撞倒了。

2.追捕，追获，追查出：
The culprit was at last run down. 这个罪犯终于被捕了。

3.说……坏话，贬低：
be run down as a quack 被诋毁为庸医
4.减少，缩减：
run production down 紧缩生产 / The firm ran down its sales force. 这家商行裁减了推销人员。

5.停止运转，耗尽★：
That clock ran down hours ago. 那钟几小时前就停了。

/ The battery is run down. 电池的电用完了。

●run into
1.撞上，偶尔碰见★★★：
Guess who I ran into in town today? 猜我今天在镇上碰见谁了？
2.遭遇（困难等）：
Our plan ran into unexpected opposition. 我们的计划遭到意外的反对。

3.共计，达到……之多：
His yearly income often runs into six figures. 他的年收入常高达6位数之多。

●run off复印，打印★：
I'll run off a hundred of these notices for you. 我将为你把这些通知复印一百份。

●run out
1.(of)用完，用尽，耗尽★★：
I have run out of ink. 我用完了墨水。

2. 到期，期满★★：
His licence has run out. 他的执照已经过期。

●run over
1.溢出，荡出：
The water ran over. 水溢出来了。

2.略读，略述; 浏览，匆匆复习：
I have run over all these books. 我略读一下这些书。

/She ran over her notes before giving the
lecture. 她讲课前匆匆把讲稿看了一遍。

3.碾过★★：
He was run over and killed by a bus. 他被公共汽车轧死了。

●run through
1.贯穿，普遍存在于：
A feeling of sadness runs through his poetry. 他的诗篇贯穿着一种哀伤之情。

2.匆匆阅读，把……略略过目：
She ran through her mail. 她把邮件匆匆看了一遍。

3.排练：
Run through your notes the night before the examination. 考试前夜把笔记复习一下。

4.挥霍（金钱）：
He ran through his month’s allowance in a week. 他一星期就花完了一个月的零用钱。

●run to达到：
The book runs to 500 pages. 这本书长达500页。

●run up 积欠（帐款、债务等）：
He ran up a thousand dollars worth of bills. 他积欠了1000元的帐款。

●run up against 遭遇，遇到（困难等）（另见come up against）★★★：
run up against an insurmountable problem 遇到难以解决的问题 / run up against strong competition 遇到激烈的竞争
（14） Set-phrases
●set about开始，着手★★★：
After breakfast, she set about her household duties. 早餐后她开始做家务。

●set against
l.使敌视★：
They set his friends against him. 他们使他的朋友反对他。

2. 使抵消：
Certain business losses can be set (off) against taxes. 部分营业亏损可因少付税款而得到补偿。

●set apart
1.使与众不同：
Her bright red scarf set her apart from the other girls. 她那鲜红的围巾使她在姑娘们中间显得特别引人注目。

2.留出，拨出(时间、金钱等)：
One day of the week should be set apart for relaxation. 每星期应留出一天使自己放松一下。

●set aside (=put aside)
l.留出，拨出(时间、金钱等) ★★：
Try and set aside time to do some mending jobs. 设法留出时间做一些修修补补的活儿。

2.把…置于一旁，不理会：
Let’s set aside our personal feelings. 让我们抛开个人情绪。