六年级英语阅读理解解题方法+专项训练练习题(含答案解析)

六年级英语阅读理解解题方法
在小升初英语考试中，阅读理解是考试中分值比重较大也是必考的一道题目。

阅读理解是英语中词汇、句式、语法的综合运用，是一个比较综合的题目，对所掌握的英语技能的程度要求比较高。

所以在同学们平时的学习中，既要重视对英语基础知识的掌握，又要养成阅读的好习惯，加强练习。

下面是英语阅读理解的解题方法及例题讲解，大家可以看下。

1、当你拿到一篇短文时，先要通读全文。

切记不要一上来就一句一句地看，一句一句一理解，这样做会影响你对整篇文章的理解和认识。

在通读文章的时候如果遇上生词，先不要管它，略过生词继续通读全文。

2、读完第一遍，再从头阅读。

这一遍要注意句式和语法，了解文章内容，特别是事件发生的时间，同时来猜测一下生词的含义。

3、在你读第三遍的时候，要关注文章中提到的人物、时间、地点、发生了什么事等信息。

这样你就可以完全了解文章
一般说来，在练习、考试中完成阅读理解的题目和去阅读一篇文章是有区别的。

在练习、考试中阅读一篇文章更多的是为了完成各种题目，而并非要真正对一篇文章有全面的了解，所以方法上会有一些不同。

1、首先要关注文章的题目，因为题目往往就是文章的中心所在。

2、其次在认读整篇文章后，要关注文章中出现了哪些人物，提到了什么时间，说到了哪个地点，发生了什么事情，这些都是你完成题目的关键信息。

3、第三要看清题目的形式，通常会有3种类型：(1)选择题;(2)判断题;(3)回答问题。

在这三种形式中，相对而言，判断题的难度最小，回答问题的难度比较大。

完成判断题的选择题最为有效的方法，也是同学们使用最多的方法是用题目中的句子去和文章里的原句对照，通过对照进行判断或选择。

在完成回答问题的题目时，先要读懂问句的意思，再从文章中找出相应的内容，在对问题进行笔答时，要注意句式、人称与动词的形式、时态等。

(一) 根据短文内容判断正(T)误(F)
此类题目要求快速浏览所给图片和文字，初步把握内容，了解大意;然后细读，抓住主要内容和细节，标出关键词语，以便验证;也可以先浏览题目，明确要求后再看文章，然后做出判断。

这样不但节省时间，提高速度，而且可以抓住重点，做到有的放矢。

1. 阅读短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案，
My Class
I study at Yu Hong Primary School in Guangzhou. I have forty—seven classmates (同学). Tw enty—three are boys and twenty—four are girls. Our classroom is a nice one. It’s very big. Ther e are four windows and two doors in it. We have a big blackboard and a small one. The big one is for our teachers and the small one is for us. Mr. Li is our Chinese teacher. He is an old man. We d on’t like him at all. But Miss Chen, our English teacher, is a young woman. She is very nice. We all like her very much. So we like English the best. We often play basketball with Miss Li.
(1). ( ) I am a______ .
A. student
B. pupil
C. teacher
(2). ( ) There are______ .
A. Forty—eight
B. forty—seven
C. forty—six
(3). ( ) Our classroom is_______ .
A. small
B. old
C. nice
(4). ( ) There is only one_____ in our classroom.
A. blackboard
B. small blackboard
C. big window
(5). ( ) Our favorite subject is ________.
A. Chinese
B. English
C. basketball
2、阅读文章，并判断所给的句子是否与短文的内容相符，如相符，在括号内写“T”，如不符，在括号内写“F”。

There are three children under the tree. They are all my good friends. The boy in black is To m. The girl in pink and the girl in red is Emma.
Tom is in the same class with me. We often play football together. Tom’s mother is a nurs e and his father is a teacher. Tom wants to be a doctor in the future.
Jane’s mother and my mother work at the same factory. They are also good friends. Jan e’s father is a teacher. He teaches math very well. He is very kind and we all like him.
Emma’s family just moved into the town from countryside. Her farther used to be a farme r. He is now working in a small company. Emma’s mother is a housewife.
( ) (1) There are one boy and two girls under the tree.
( ) (2) There are only two people in Tom’s family.
( ) (3) Tom’s mother is a doctor.
( ) (4) My mother is a worker.
( ) (5) Jane’s father teaches math.
( ) (6) Emma used to live in the town.
( ) (7) Emma’s father was a farmer.
(二)根据短文内容选择正确答案。

注重理解整篇短文的内容，在阅读时不要抓住一个单词，一个词组的意思不放，从而影响对整篇文章的理解。

其实有些生词是不影响阅读的，而有些生词是可以根据上下文的意思推敲出来的。

因此，不必把它拿出来单独思考。

然后再在理解的基础上进行分析，通过逻辑思维，做出选择，完成题目。

1. I am Mike. I am a American boy. Now I’m in China. I live in Shanghai. It’s a very beautiful cit y. I study in a school here. I usually go to school by bus. I like playing football very much. I play it with my friends on the weekends. My mother is a TV reporter. She goes to work by subway. She l ikes singing very much. She often listens to music on TV. My father is a teacher. He teaches P.E. i n a school. He goes to work on foot. He likes art. He often draws pictures on Saturday.
( ) (1) Mike lives in __________ now.
A. Shanghai B: Beijing C: America
( ) (2) Mike is a __________ now.
A. teacher
B. a reporter
C. student
( ) (3) Mike’s hobby is _________________
A. playing football
B. listening to music
C. painting
( ) (4) His father goes to work __________
A. by subway
B. on foot
C. by bus
2、选择填空。

Mike likes to collect stamps. He started this hobby of collecting stamp the year before last. He has stamps from China, France and Japan. But most of his stamps are from China, because he has lots of friends in China.
Mike’s stamps are of various shapes –triangle, square, rectangle and circle. His favorite s hape is circle. Mike puts all his shapes in several albums. To increase his collection, Mike someti mes exchanges stamps with his friends.
John is one of his friends, who also like to collect stamps. His stamps are pretty and colorful. John and Mike meet once a week. Each time they meet they will show each other their new coll ection.
(1) Mike’s hobby is to A. collect stamps B. make friends C. travelling D. keep albums
(2) Most of Mike’s stamps are from
A. Japan
B. France
C. China
D. Not mentioned
(3) Mike has stamps of different shapes.
A. five
B. four
C. three
D. two
(4) John is Mike’s A. father B. neighbor C. classmate D. friend
(5) How often do John and Mike meet?
A. four times a week
B. three times a week
C. twice a week
D. once a week
(三)根据短文内容回答问题。

此类题目是阅读理解中相对而言较复杂的题型，它要求我们在理解的基础上进行分析，并做出合乎情理的解答，且要注意用词和句子结构，要避免语法错误。

1. This is RDZ, the working robot. RDZ lives with the Spacy family in Spaceville(太空村). He helps the family with the housework every day. He cleans the house, washes the clothes and dishes. H e knows how to cook well. RDZ doesn’t eat normal(普通的) food. He eats tins and watches and he drinks oil. Do Mr. and Mrs. Spacy eat these things? Never.
RDZ often helps Mr and Mrs Spacy’s children with their homework. This year he is teachin g them Space language. The children are very clever.
The Spacy family are holiday on Mars(火星). They will come back home in two days. So RDZ has a wonderful time. He won’t clean. He can sit in front of the TV and eat a lot of food.
(1) Where does RDZ live with the Spacy family?
________________________________
(2) What does RDZ eat and drink every day?
____________________________________
(3) Is RDZ teaching Mr. and Mrs. Spacy’s children English?
_________________________
(4) Does RDZ have a wonderful time?
__________________________________________
(5) When will Mr. and Mrs. Spacy be back?
_______________________________________
2. My name is Wang Lin. There are four people in my family. They are my father, my mother, my l ittle brother and I. my father is a teacher. He likes drawing pictures. He works in a school. He goe s to work by bus. My mother is a nurse. She likes listening to music. She works in a hospital. She g oes to work by bus. My brother is a student. Hw likes watching TV. He goes to work on foot. I like playing football. I go to school by bike.
(1) Who works in a school?
_________________________________________________
(2) What does Wang Lin’s mother do?
________________________________________
(3) What does Wang Lin like doing?
_________________________________________
(4) Is Wang Lin’s brother a student?
___________________________________________
(5) Does Wang Lin’s father go to work by bus?
_________________________________
(五)完形填空。

在处理完形填空时，一定要先将文章的大概意思弄懂，然后再考虑用单词的什么形式来填空。

1. One day, Mr. Ampere went out (1) a walk in the street. There (2) a lot of people there. But all t his was (3) to him. He was thinking (4) a maths problem. He had no paper with him. How could h e (5) it out?
Just then hw saw a blackboard in front of him. He began to write the (6) with a piece of chal k on it. Then the blackboard moved (7) . he moved with it. But it moved so (8) that he could not c atch up with it. He looked (9) and saw the “blackboard” (10) him.
Why? It was the back of a carriage(马车)!
( ) (1) A. to B. by C. for D. with
( ) (2) A. were B. are C. is D. was
( ) (3) A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything
( ) (4) A. on B. off C. about D. hard
( ) (5) A. work B. start C, take D. bring
( ) (6) A. word B. start C, take D. bring
( ) (7) A. few B. little C. a few D. a little
( ) (8) A. early B. fast C. slowly D. quietly
( ) (9) A. down B. up C. in D. out
( ) (10) A. behind B. beside C. above D. before
2. Bob thought that he was very clever. He thought that no one could fool(欺骗)him because he (1) too clever. One day he (2) to Dick, the man on watching at the gate:“You (3) fool me. Dick. Y ou (4) too foolish!”
“ (5) here by this gate.” Answered Dick, “I (6) a way to fool you.” then he went home.
Two hours later another young man (7) along.
“Why are you standing here?” he (8) bob.
“ I (9) for Dick, ” answered Bob, “ he is going to try fool me.”
“Dick (10) home. ” said the young man, “ He has already fooled you!”
( ) (1) A. is B. was C. will be D. is going to
( ) (2) A. said B. says C. was saying D. is saying
( ) (3) A. don’t B. didn’t C. can never D. never
( ) (4) A. were B. are C. will be D. was
( ) (5) A. Wait B. Waits C. Waited D. Wait for
( ) (6) A. will find B. found C. find D. founded
( ) (7) A. comes B. came C. had come D. coming
( ) (8) A. asked B. asks C. is asking D. told
( ) (9) A. was waiting B. waited C. am waiting D. were waiting
( ) (10) A. goes B. has gone C. had gone D. went
二、阅读理解
2．阅读理解阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。

Today is Saturday. It's a nice day. John and Jim go to a nature park. There is a big forest in the park. There is a beautiful lake near the forest and they can see some fish in it. There is a bridge over the river. They take some pictures on the bridge. There is a mountain in the park. They want to climb mountains, but they have no time.
（1）John and Jim go to a nature ________today.
（2）There is a beautiful lake ________the forest in the park.
（3）John and Jim see some fish ________ the lake.
（4）John and Jim take pictures on the ________.
（5）They want to ________ mountains, but they have no time.
【答案】（1）park
（2）near
（3）in
（4）bridge
（5）climb
【考点】阅读理解
【解析】【分析】这是介绍John和Jim去自然公园的情况。

（1）根据短文叙述 John and Jim go to a nature park. （John和Jim去了自然公园。

）可知应填park。

故答案为：park。

（2）根据短文叙述There is a beautiful lake near the forest and they can see some fish in it. （在森林旁边有一个美丽的湖，他们可以看到里面有一些鱼。

）可知应填near。

故答案为：near。

（3）根据短文叙述There is a beautiful lake near the forest and they can see some fish in it. （在森林旁边有一个美丽的湖，他们可以看到里面有一些鱼。

）可知应填fish。

故答案为：fish。

（4）根据短文叙述 They take some pictures on the bridge. （他们在桥上拍了一些照片。

）可知应填bridge。

故答案为：bridge。

（5）根据短文叙述 They want to climb mountains, but they have no time. （他们想要爬山，但是他们没有时间。

）可知应填climb。

故答案为：climb。

【点评】这是考查阅读理解的题目。

首先仔细阅读短文，然后根据短文叙述来补全句子。

3．阅读理解阅读理解
Ted is a student. He is my best friend. He is busy at the weekend. He is going to wash his clothes this Saturday morning. He is going to the bookstore this Saturday afternoon. He is going to the gym to play badminton this Sunday morning. He is going to learn Chinese this Sunday afternoon. He is going to play computer games this Sunday evening.
（1）Ted and I are good ________.
（2）Where will Ted go on Saturday afternoon?
（3）Can Ted play badminton?
（4）Will Ted go to learn English this Sunday afternoon?
（5）When will Ted play computer games?
【答案】（1）friends
（2）The bookstore.
（3）Yes, he can.
（4）No, he won't.
（5）This Sunday evening.
【考点】阅读理解
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了泰德周末的日常生活。

（1）根据 Ted is a student. He is my best friend. 可知泰德我是好朋友， friends朋友，故答案为 friends .
（2）句意：泰德星期六下午去哪儿？根据He is going to the bookstore this Saturday afternoon. 可知他这个星期六下午要去书店，故答案为 The bookstore.
（3）句意：泰德会打羽毛球吗？根据 He is going to the gym to play badminton this Sunday morning. 可知肯定回答，故答案为 Yes, he can.
（4）句意：泰德这个星期天下午会去学英语吗？根据He is going to learn Chinese this Sunday afternoon. 可知否定回答，故答案为 No, he won't.
（5）句意：泰德什么时候玩电脑游戏？根据 He is going to play computer games this Sunday evening. 可知他这个星期天晚上要玩电脑游戏，故答案为 This Sunday evening.
【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息
找出相关句，写出答语。

4．阅读理解阅读理解
A brown duck meets a sad cat and asks him, "Please tell me, OK? I can do a lot of things for you." "Oh, no. You can't." The cat shakes his head and goes away.
The duck keeps up with the cat and asks him again. The cat cries, "I want to buy some flowers for my mother on Mother's Day. But I can't find the flowers." The duck claps his hands happily, "I see. I can help you."
The duck points to the other side of the river and says, "Look there. There are many beautiful flowers. "So the cat climbs up a tree, "Wow, how beautiful they are!"
"But I can't swim. How can I get there?" The cat is worried. The duck says, "Don't worry. I can swim. You can just sit on my back."
In the river, the duck tells the cat, "If we help each other, we can do many things."
（1）The duck is ________.
A. black
B. brown
C. white
（2）The duck asks the cat for ________ time(s).
A. one
B. two
C. three
（3）The cat wants some ________ for her mother.
A. food
B. coats
C. flowers
（4）Where is the flowers?
A. On the other side of the river.
B. In the river.
C. On the tree.
（5）How does the cat cross the river?
A. He sits in a boat.
B. He climbs on the tree.
C. He sits on the duck's back.
【答案】（1）B
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
（5）C
【考点】阅读理解
【解析】【分析】这是一篇鸭子帮助猫过河摘花的故事。

（1）根据短文叙述 A brown duck meets a sad cat（一只棕色的鸭子遇到了一只伤心的猫咪。

）可知鸭子是棕色的，B选项正确。

故答案为：B。

（2）根据短文叙述在第一段鸭子询问了猫“asks him”，在第二段又询问了猫“asks him again.”可知是两次。

故答案为：B。

（3）根据短文叙述"I want to buy some flowers for my mother on Mother's Day.可知猫想要一些花。

C选项正确。

故答案为：C。

（4）根据短文叙述The duck points to the other side of the river and says, "Look there. There are many beautiful flowers. "可知在河的对岸有许多花。

A选项正确。

故答案为：A。

（5）根据短文叙述The duck says, "Don't worry. I can swim. You can just sit on my back."可知是在鸭子背上过河。

C选项正确。

故答案为：C。

【点评】这是考查阅读理解的题目。

仔细阅读短文，然后根据短文的相关叙述来回答题目所给的问题即可。

5．阅读理解阅读理解
I'm Larry. I was born on August 12, 1994. I go to Park Avenue School. I'm in Grade 6. I have a pet. She is smart and cute. My favourite season is summer. In summer, I can wear a T-shirt and shorts. I was very excited to win a prize for playing the violin. My parents were proud of me. When I am older, I want to be a computer programmer or an English teacher.
（1）What grade is Larry in?
（2）What is Larry's pet like?
（3）Why is summer Larry's favourite season?
（4）Why was Larry excited?
（5）What's Larry's dream?
【答案】（1）Larry is in Grade 6.
（2）She is smart and cute.
（3）Because he can wear a T-shirt and shorts.
（4）Because he won a prize for playing the violin.
（5）He wants to be a computer programmer or an English teacher.
【考点】阅读理解
【解析】【分析】这是介绍Larry的一篇短文。

（1）根据短文叙述 I'm in Grade 6. （我在6年级。

）可知是六年级。

故答案为： Larry is in Grade 6.
（2）根据短文叙述 She is smart and cute. 可知宠物又聪明又可爱。

故答案为： She is smart and cute.
（3）根据短文叙述In summer, I can wear a T-shirt and shorts. 可知是因为可以穿短裤和T 恤。

故答案为： Because he can wear a T-shirt and shorts.
（4）根据短文叙述 I was very excited to win a prize for playing the violin. 可知是因为赢得了小提琴大奖。

故答案为： Because he won a prize for playing the violin.
（5）根据短文叙述
When I am older, I want to be a computer programmer or an English teacher. 可知他的梦想是成为电脑程序员或英语老师。

故答案为：He wants to be a computer programmer or an English teacher.
【点评】这是考查阅读理解的题目。

仔细阅读短文，注意短文的细节叙述，然后根据短文叙述来回答问题。

6．阅读理解读短文，判断下列句子与短文内容是否一致
Chairman Mao was a very famous and important person in Chinese history. He gave Chinese people new life. We can live in China better and better. He was a kind man and he cared about every one of Chinese people and their lives. Chinese people were very poor and hungry in old China before 1949. Chairman Mao led Chinese people to found(建立) new China. Finally, all of the Chinese people work for a better life together. We love Chairman Mao. Chairman Mao is the father of new China.
（1）Chairman Mao was a great man in Chinese history.
（2）Chinese people were very poor in old China after1949.
（3）Chairman Mao cared about every one of Chinese people.
（4）Chairman Mao led Chinese people to found new China.
（5）Chairman Mao is the father of new China.
【答案】（1）1
（2）0
（3）1
（4）1
（5）1
【考点】阅读理解
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了中国历史上一位非常著名和重要的人物毛主席。

（1）句意：毛主席是中国历史上的伟人。

根据Chairman Mao was a very famous and important person in Chinese history. 可知毛主席是中国历史上的伟人，故答案为正确。

（2）句意：1949年以后，中国人在旧中国很穷。

根据Chinese people were very poor and hungry in old China before 1949. 可知1949年以前，中国人在旧中国非常贫穷和饥饿，故答案为错误。

（3）句意：毛主席关心每一个中国人。

根据He was a kind man and he cared about every one of Chinese people and their lives. 可知毛主席关心每一个中国人，故答案为正确。

（4）句意：毛主席带领中国人民建立了新中国。

根据 Chairman Mao led Chinese people to found new China. 可知毛主席带领中国人民建立了新中国，故答案为正确。

（5）句意：毛主席是新中国之父。

根据 Chairman Mao is the father of new China. 可知毛主席是新中国之父，故答案为正确。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。

7．阅读理解阅读短文，判断正误
Mr. White has a daughter and a son. They live in the countryside. It is near a mountain. They were very poor before. They had little money. They bought some seeds. They planted rice, carrots and beans in the field. They worked very hard，and they were very happy.
One day, some big birds came. They ate the rice, the beans and the carrots. Mr. White was very
angry. He got the birds out of his field, and then he put some scarecrows（稻草人）in the field. There are no birds now. In autumn, Mr. White has got a lot of beans, carrots and rice. The Whites are happy again. They are not poor now.
（1）Mr. White has two children.
（2）The Whites live in the countryside and it is far from a mountain.
（3）The Whites didn't buy any seeds with their money.
（4）Mr. White put some scarecrows in the field.
（5）Mr. White got lots of rice and vegetables in winter at last.
【答案】（1）1
（2）0
（3）0
（4）1
（5）0
【考点】阅读理解
【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍怀特先生一家在乡村种庄稼的事情。

（1）句意：怀特先生有两个孩子。

根据Mr. White has a daughter and a son.可知怀特先生有一个女儿和一个儿子。

故答案为：正确。

（2）句意：怀特一家住在乡村并且离山很远。

根据They live in the countryside. It is near a mountain.可知怀特一家住在乡村。

它在山附近。

故答案为：错误。

（3）句意：怀特一家没用他们的钱买种子。

根据They bought some seeds.可知他们买了些种子。

故答案为：错误。

（4）句意：怀特先生把稻草人放在田地里。

根据he put some scarecrows（稻草人）in the field.可知他把稻草人放在田地里。

故答案为：正确。

（5）句意：怀特先生最后在冬季收获了许多大米和蔬菜。

根据In autumn, Mr. White has got a lot of beans, carrots and rice.可知在秋季，他收获了许多豆荚，胡萝卜和大米。

故答案为：错误。

【点评】考查阅读理解，浏览文章大意把握细节。

答题时，紧扣文章中的关键词，做出正确判断。

8．阅读理解阅读短文，判断句子正误。

Yesterday I had a party with my friends. We played games together. We sang and danced. And we ate too much food and drank too many drinks. We were so happy. I went to bed very late. This morning, I didn't feel well. I had a cough and I had a headache. I went to hospital and saw a doctor. The doctor said, "You have a bad cold. You should drink more water and take some medicine. You should have a good rest. And you will be fine."
（1）Yesterday we had a party.
（2）We played computer games together.
（3）I didn't feel very well this morning.
（4）I didn't go to hospital.
（5）I had a bad cold.
【答案】（1）1
（2）0
（3）1
（4）0
（5）1
【考点】阅读理解
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了昨天我和朋友们开了个聚会，我们玩的很高兴，很晚才睡觉，今天早上，我感觉不舒服，去医院看了医生。

（1）句意：昨天我们开了一个晚会。

根据 Yesterday I had a party with my friends. 可知昨天我们开了一个晚会。

故答案为正确。

（2）句意：我们一起玩电脑游戏。

根据 We played games together. 可知我们一起玩游戏。

故答案为错误。

（3）句意：今天早上我感觉不太舒服。

根据This morning, I didn't feel well. 可知今天早上我感觉不太舒服。

故答案为正确。

（4）句意：我没有去医院。

根据 I went to hospital and saw a doctor. 可知我去医院。

故答案为错误。

（5）句意：我得了重感冒。

根据 You have a bad cold. 可知我得了重感冒。

故答案为正确。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。

9．阅读理解阅读短文，判断句子正误。

Tomorrow is Sunday. It will be sunny and warm. We are going to have a picnic. I will bring some fruit and biscuits. Xiaomei will bring five bottles of water. Dongdong will bring his basketball. We will play basketball together. We will have a good time.
（1）Today is Saturday.
（2）I will bring some candies and biscuits.
（3）Xiaomei will bring four bottles of water.
（4）We will play basketball together.
（5）It will be Sunny and hot tomorrow.
【答案】（1）1
（2）0
（3）0
（4）1
（5）0
【考点】阅读理解
【解析】【分析】这是谈论明天要去野餐的计划。

（1）句意：今天是星期六。

根据短文叙述 Tomorrow is Sunday.（明天是星期日。

）可知今天星期六。

题目叙述正确。

故答案为：正确。

（2）句意：我将带一些糖果和饼干。

根据短文叙述 I will bring some fruit and biscuits.（我
将带一些水果和饼干。

）可知没有糖果，题目叙述错误。

故答案为：错误。

（3）句意：小美将带四瓶水。

根据短文叙述 Xiaomei will bring five bottles of water. （小美将带5瓶水。

）可知是5瓶水，题目叙述错误。

故答案为：错误。

（4）句意：我们将一起打篮球。

根据短文叙述 We will play basketball together. （我们将一起打篮球。

）可知题目叙述正确。

故答案为：正确。

（5）句意：明天天气将晴朗又炎热。

根据短文叙述 It will be sunny and warm. （天气将晴朗又温暖。

）可知题目叙述错误。

故答案为：错误。

【点评】这是考查阅读理解的题目。

仔细阅读短文，然后根据短文判断正误。