非谓语动词(一)---作主宾表

【题组训练】
1. Before leaving, we spent half an hour _p_la_y_in_g__(play) with the students there. 2.You can imagine how excited I was when I saw the bike, and I begged my uncle to teach me how _t_o_r_id_e_(ride) it right away. 3. However, a 38-year-old craftsman, Li Jiangzhong, is committed to _k_e_e_p_in_g_(keep) the art of sugar painting alive. 4. Too much love from parents may prevent children from b_e_i_ng__(be) independent. 5. Halfway through his talk, the speaker stopped and decided _t_o_c_r_ea_t_e_(create)a group activity.
注意2：当主语部分有动作动词do 时，作表语的不定式可以省略符号 “to” Example: All we have to do is push the button. The only thing I can do now is go on by myself. All I could do was send him a telegram.
【点津】get, become, look, seem, appear等系动词后可跟过去 分词作表语, 表示被动或主语的状态。 *This quotation from Winston Churchill tells us that we shouldn’t get discouraged right after failures.
回顾总结
非谓语动词解题步骤
方法总结：
谓非谓， 找主语，
辨“谓与非谓”
析语态，
定时态
找逻辑主语
分析语态
分析时态
(2)it作形式主语, 代替真正作主语的动词不定式或动名 词。代替动名词常见句型有: It is/was no use/good+doing sth. ; It is/was not any use/good + doing sth. ; It is/was of little use/good + doing sth. ; It is/was useless doing sth. ; It’s a waste of time doing sth... 代替不定式常见句型有： It is adj. (for sb) to do sth; It is adj. of sb to do sth; It is + a pleasure/an honor/a pity... to do; It takes sb +time to do...等。
6. it作形式宾语, 代替真正作宾语的 Example: I find it difficult to understand him. We thought it wrong not to help her. They believe it impossible to get everything ready in time. We found it no good making fun of others.
非谓语动词(一)
非谓语动词有哪些形式？
非谓语动词
主动形式
一般 进行式 式
完成式
被动形式
一般式
完成式
动词不定式 to do to be doing to have done to be done to have been done
动词-ing形
式
doing
having done being done having been done
2. 非谓语动词中能作表语的有现在分词、过去分词、动名词和 不定式。注意现在分词作表语意为“令人感到……的”, 而过 去分词作表语意为本身“感到……的”。 *My dream is to enter Beijing University. *Please describe a dog that is frightening. *Please describe a dog that is frightened.
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非谓语动词 作主语、表语和宾语
• 非谓语动词作主语、表语 • 非谓语动词作宾语 • 回顾与总结与解题步骤
非谓语动词作主语、表语
(1)动名词作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性的动作, 不定式作主语表示具 体的、一次性的或尚未做的动作。 *Facing your problems rather than running away from them is the best approach to working things out. *To complete the program needs much effort.
sentences.
3. Above all,
I have come to understand that
__b_r_in_g_i_n_g(bring)happiness to others is getting ourselves happiness.
4. __W__a_l_k_in_g(walk)in a happy style makes people feel happy, while adopting the gait(步法) of a depressed person can bring on sadness.
I haven’t decided whether to sell it or not. We must find out where to put it.
5. need, require, want作“需要”讲, deserve作“应受, 应得”讲 时, 其后接动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动结构。 Example: The road needs repairing/to be repaired. Your composition needs improving/to be improved.
注意1：主语是以aim, duty, hope, idea, intention, mistake, plan, proposal, job, suggestion 等为中心词的名词词组，或以 what 引导的名词性从句表示， 后面通常接不定式做表语说明其内容。
Example: My idea is to climb the mountain from the north. Your mistake was not to write that letter. My suggestion is to start work at once. What I would suggest is to start work at once.
Example: I’ve arranged to meet him at ten o’clock. I didn’t expect to find you here.
3. 既可跟动名词又可跟不定式的动词和短语: remember, forget, regret, stop, go on, mean, start, begin, try等。
【题组训练】
1. _W__o_r_r_y_i_n_g(worry) about a problem doesn’t help.
2.The children are just beginning to get e_x_c_i_te_d_(excite) about using
words and forming
例：*I regret to tell you that I can’t come. *I still remember being taken to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.
4. 不定式作decide, know, consider, forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell等动 词或动词短语的宾语时, 前面常带引导词how, what, whether, where, when, who等。“动词 + 疑问词 + 带 to 的不定式结构” （这种不定式结构接近一个名词从句） Example: I don’t know what to do
2. 只能跟不定式作宾语的动词和短语: wish, hope, decide, refuse, promise, pretend, manage, plan, fail, choose, would like， arrange,expect等。
“动词 + 带 to 的不定式结构”。这类动词常见的有： 同意提出做计划（agree，offer，plan） 要求答应来帮忙（ask，demand，promise,help） 准备决定遭拒绝（prepare，decide,refuse） 敢于选择有希望（dare,choose,hope, wish） 不能做到莫假装（fail,pretend） 设法做成决心坚（ manage,determine,decide）
过去分词
done
及物动词的过去分词既表示 被动又表示动作已完成, 个 别动词的过去分词只表示完 成(多数为而具有其他语法功能的动词。
成份 主语 宾语 定语 表语 补语
状语
类别 不定式
√ √√√√√
动词-ing
√
√
√
√
√
√
过去分词
×
×√
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可接动名词作宾语的动词巧记如下： 考虑建议盼原谅(consider，suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse, pardon) 承认推迟没得想(admit, delay/put off, fancy) 避免错过继续练(avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice) 否认完成停止赏(deny, finish, stop, enjoy/appreciate) 不禁介意准逃亡(can't help, mind, allow/permit, escape) 不准冒险凭想象(forbid, risk, imagine)
5.He seemed quite ___d_e_li_g_h_t_e_d at the idea. (delight) 6.The present situation is __e_n_c_o_u_r_a_g_in．g (encourage)
非谓语动词作宾语 1. 只能跟动名词作宾语的动词和短语: suggest, imagine, mind, admit, practice, allow, advise, risk, keep, keep on, avoid, escape, enjoy, consider, excuse, finish, miss, insist on, look forward to, feel like, get down to, object to等。