山东省泰安第一中学任务型阅读试题及答案doc

一、高中英语任务型阅读
1．Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Screen Time: How Much Is Too Much?
Many children spend a lot of time watching or playing with electronic media—from televisions to video games, computers and other devices. ________ Perhaps parents now should ease up on their concerns about screen time, at least for older boys and girls.
Until last year, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) suggested that children and teenagers have no more than two hours of screen time a day. It also suggests that parents balance a child's screen time with other activities.
________ Christopher Ferguson, who teaches psychology at Stetson University in Florida, notes a lack of evidence supporting reports that too many hours spent playing video games or watching TV is truly harmful.
Ferguson seems interested in one idea: the link between video games and violent or risky behavior. When he saw results from a recent British survey on screen time, he wanted to know more. The British study found a small negative effect—about a one percent increase—in aggression and depression among children who had six or more hours of screen time a day. ________ So, Ferguson and his team examined answers from a survey on risky behaviors. The study involved about 6,000 boys and girls in Florida, whose average age was 16.
Data from this survey found that American children are also fairly resistant to the negative effects of electronic media. Among those who used screens up to six hours a day, the survey found: a 0.5 percent increase in criminal behavior; a 1.7 percent increase in signs of depression; and a 1.2 percent negative effect on school grades. ________ To further argue his point that screen time is not harmful, Ferguson adds that children should become familiar with screen technology. Electronic devices, he says, are a part of our everyday lives.
A. Some negative experiences on social media can and do affect some children.
B. However, some experts question claims that too much screen time is harmful.
C. He wanted to see if there was a similar effect among young people in the United States.
D. So, it is natural that parents should wonder about all the time children spend looking at a screen.
E. The researchers found no increase in risky sex or driving behaviors, use of illegal substances or eating disorders.
F. The researchers suggested that for those children, technology use might get in the way of taking part in other important activities.
【答案】 D；B；C；E
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，许多孩子花很多时间看或玩电子媒体——从电视到电子游戏、电脑和其他设备。

美国儿科学会建议儿童和青少年每天看屏幕的时间不超过两个小时。

一些专家质疑过多的屏幕时间是有害的，Stetson 大学心理学教授Christopher Ferguson指出，没有证据支持长时间玩电子游戏或看电视确实有害的说法。

（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前“Many children spend a lot of time
watching or playing with electronic media—from televisions to video games, computers and other devices.”可知许多孩子花很多时间看或玩电子媒体——从电视到电子游戏、电脑和其他设备。

再根据空后“parents now should ease up on their concerns about screen time, at least for older boys and girls.”提到了父母对孩子长时间看电子产品的看法，可知本空是提出父母对孩子花在看屏幕上的时间感到好奇是很自然的。

故选D。

（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空后“Christopher Ferguson, who teaches psychology at Stetson University in Florida, notes a lack of evidence supporting reports that too m any hours spent playing video games or watching TV is truly harmful.”Stetson 大学心理学教授Christopher Ferguson指出，没有证据支持长时间玩电子游戏或看电视确实有害的说法。

因此可推测上文是提出"一些专家质疑过多的屏幕时间是有害的"，故选B。

（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前“The British study found a small negative effect—about a one percent increase—in aggression and depression among children who had six or more hours of screen time a day.”提到一项英国研究发现，在每天看电视时间超过6小时的儿童中，攻击性和抑郁会有一个小的负面影响——大约增加1%。

因此他想看看在美国的年轻人中是否也有类似的影响。

故选C。

（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前“Among those who used screens up to six hours a day, the survey found: a 0.5 percent increase in criminal behavior; a 1.7 percent increase in signs of depression; and a 1.2 percent negative effect on school grades. ”调查发现，在每天使用屏幕长达6小时的人群中，犯罪行为增加了0.5%；抑郁症的症状增加了1.7%;以及1.2%对学习成绩的负面影响。

即下文继续列举长时间看屏幕对其他犯罪行为的影响，故E选项：研究人员发现，危险的性行为、驾驶行为、使用非法药物或饮食失调的情况没有增加。

符合题意，故选E。

【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

2．（2019•江苏）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

The Cost of Thinking
Despite their many differences, all human beings share several defining characteristics, such as large brains and the ability to walk upright on two legs.
The first unique human characteristic is that humans have extraordinarily large brains compared with other animals. It seems obvious that evolution should select for larger brains. Mammals (哺乳动物) weighing sixty kilograms have an average brain size of 200 cm2. Modern man has a brain averaging 1200-1400 cm2. We are so fond of our high intelligence that we assume that when it comes to brain power, more must be better. Unfortunately, that is not the case.
The fact is that a huge brain is a huge drain—consumption of energy—on the body. I's not easy to carry around, especially when boxed inside a massive skull (倾骨). It's even harder to provides energy. In modern man, the brain accounts for about 2-3%of total body weight but it consumes 25% of the body's energy when the body is at rest. By comparison, the brains of apes (类人猿) require only 8%of rest-time energy. Early humans pad for their large brains in two ways. Firstly,
they spent more time in search food. Secondly, their muscles grew smaller and weaker. It's hardly an obvious conclusion that this is a good way to survive. A chimpanzee (黑猩猩) can't win an argument with a modern man, but it can tear the man apart like a rag doll.
Another unique human characteristic is that we walk upright. Standing up, it's easier to find food or enemies. In addition, their arms that are unnecessary for moving around are freed for other purposes, like throwing stones or signaling. As a result, humans can perform very complex tasks with their hands.
Yet walking upright has its disadvantage. The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support a creature that walked on all fours and has a relatively small head. Adjusting to an upright position was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had to support an extra-large skull. Humankind paid for its broad vision and skillful hands backaches and painful necks.
We assume that a large brain makes huge advantages. It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most powerful animal on earth. But humans enjoyed all of these advantages for a full 2 million years during which they remained weak and marginal creature. Thus humans who lived a million years ago, despite their big brains and sharp stone tools, lived in constant fear of meat-eating animals.
physical；beat；fearful/afraid
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人用大脑思考的代价。

人类与动物相比有两
大特点：大大的大脑和直立行走。

超大的大脑使人类拥有更高的智商，但却消耗巨大的能量。

直立行走让人类擅长寻找食物和抵御敌人，解放了的双手来更复杂的事。

但却让人类遭受腰痛和颈部疼痛等。

人类成为地球上最强大的动物，享受无与伦比的优势，却对食肉动物怀有恐惧。

（1）信息归纳题。

根据第一段“all human beings share defining characteristics ,such as large brains and the ability to walk upright on two legs.”可知，大脑袋和双腿直立行走的能力是人类共有的特点(characteristics)。

故填characteristics。

（2）信息归纳题。

此题就是对第三段内容的总结。

第三段主要叙述了人类的大脑大的缺点。

因此本空格填写disadvantages。

（3）信息来源题。

根据第三段中的“a huge brain is a huge drain--consumption of energy ”以及“It (the brain) consumes 25% of the body's energy when the body is at rest.By comparison the brains of apes require only 8% of rest- time energy”可知，人类巨大的大脑是一个巨大的能量消耗。

当身体处于休息时，大脑要消耗25%的身体能量。

相比之下，类人猿的大脑只需要8%的休息时间能量。

人类与动物相比，动物需要的能量（energy）要比人类少。

故填energy。

（4）信息归纳题。

分析空后的75--78小题所在的第五段和第六段的内容可知，此部分主要叙述了直立行走对人类的影响。

故填impact(s)。

（5）信息转换题。

根据第五段的第一句“Another unique human characteristic is that we walk uprig ht. Standing up, it's easier to find food or enemies.”可知，另一个独特的人类特征是我们直立行走。

站起来，更容易找到食物或敌人。

找到敌人，就是为了防御敌人。

因为or为连词，在此句中连结两个动词短语，故空格填动词。

“guard against...”为固定搭配，意为“防御......”，故填guard。

（6）信息来源题。

根据第五段中的”...their arms that are unnecessary for moving around are freed for other purposes ,like throwing stones or signaling. As a result, humans can perform very complex tasks with their hands. ”可知，解放了的双手可以用于做其它的事，即有其它的目的。

故填other。

（7）信息归纳题。

根据第五段“walking upright has disadvantages. The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support a creature that walked on four and a relative small head. Adjusting to an upright position was quite a challenge , especially when the bones had to support an extra -large skull.” 可知，直立行走也有缺点。

我们祖先进化了上百亿年，骨骼也只能支撑四肢行走和有一个相对较小的头。

直立行走对人类的骨架是一个相当大的挑战，限制了人的头脑的大小。

故本空填limits。

（8）信息转换题。

根据第六段“..., Humankind paid for its vision and skillful hands with backaches and painful necks.” 可知，直立对人类的骨架是一个相当大的挑战，人类为自己的视力和灵巧的双手付出了代价，换来的是腰酸背痛和脖子疼痛。

由此得出，直立导致身体方面的(physical)痛苦，故填physical。

（9）信息归纳题。

根据最后一段“We assume that a large brain makes huge advantages. It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most powerful animal on earth.”可知，我们假设大脑越大，优势越大。

很明显，这些使得人类成为地球上最强大的动物。

由此可推
断出我们的大脑比动物大，在智力方面人类比动物更聪明，即在智力方面击败了(beat)其他动物。

故填beat。

（10）信息归纳题。

根据最后一段“...humans enjoyed all of these advantages for a full 2 million years during which they weak and marginal creatures. Thus humans who lived a million years ago, despite their big brains and sharp stone tools, lived in constant fear of meat--eating ani mals.”可知，尽管人类享受着所有这些优势，但也是弱小的生物。

因此尽管拥有巨大的大脑和锋利的石器，但也曾经对食肉动物仍旧害怕/恐惧。

因为空前是系动词，故本空要填形容词(afraid/fearful)可知，此处要填名词，故填fearful/afraid。

【点评】本题考点涉及信息归纳，信息转换题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，根据上下文的逻辑关系，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，做出正确答案。

3．任务型阅读
Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life. Every waking moment, the eyes are working to see the world around us. Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight, but it's easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes. Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight:
Schedule yearly exams. ________Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses.
Protect against UV rays (紫外线). Long term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, it's extremely important to wear sunglasses. ________
Give your eyes a break. Two thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products. ________Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20second break and look at something 20 feet away.
________As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.
Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses (隐形眼镜). Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk. ________ Otherwise, you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a more serious condition.
A. Eat your greens.
B. Eye care should begin early in life.
C. They can properly protect your eyes.
D. Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.
E. Parents usually don't care about their own eyesight.
F. Always follow the doctor's advice for appropriate wear.
G. This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.
【答案】 B；C；G；A；F
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了五个建议可以让人们终身享有健康的视力．1、每年定期检查；2、保护眼睛免受紫外线的伤害；3、让你的眼睛休息好；4、多吃
绿色食品；5、安全实践和学习隐形眼镜的护理。

（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前”Schedule yearly exams“安排每年都检查眼睛；以及空后”Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check.“可知专家建议父母亲在6-12个月的时候就带着孩子去进行眼部检查。

也就说眼部检查要尽可能地早进行。

故选B。

（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前” Long term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, it's extremely important to wear sunglasses.“长时间地在强烈的阳光下，都会伤害到我们的眼睛。

所以不管是什么季节，我们都要佩戴太阳镜，因为太阳镜可能会保护我们的视力。

故C项符合上下文串联。

故选C。

（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前”Give your eyes a break.“让眼睛休息”；以及第一段中的“三分之二的美国人花7个小时的时间使用电脑或者电子产品。

没有让我们的眼睛得到休息，这样频繁地使用会增加我们眼睛疲劳的危险“。

故G项符合上下文串联。

故选G。

(4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空后”As part of a healt hy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day.“可知要多吃蔬菜等绿色食品，对我们的眼睛是有好处的。

故选A。

（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

很多人都佩戴隐形眼镜等，但是在使用中总是没有按照使用说明，这也让他们的眼睛处于危险之中。

那么我们要采纳医生的建议，合理使用这些设备。

故F项符合上下文。

故选F。

【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

4．任务型阅读
The environmental group Heal the Bay organized a beach clean-up. And I was one of the volunteers. We went to Venice Beach to clean up the trash.
At first glance, the beach didn't look dirty at all. But then I saw a Styrofoam(泡沫)cup half buried in the sand on the beach. I pulled hard and finally got it out. As we moved farther, we found pieces of Styrofoam spread all over the sand. The Heal the Bay representative had told us that these little pieces of Styrofoam and other small pieces of plastic are what actually harm sea life most. Sea animals eat the plastic. After eating it, they think they are full. As a result, they can die of starvation as they are cheated by their feeling and don't think they need to eat any food. We kept on picking up the trash. Then I saw someone with a full Heal the Bay trash bag and I went to see what was inside. When I opened the trash bag, I found everything from a pair of old jeans and a brown belt to headphones and some plastic bags. It made me very angry with the people who left their things behind without thinking what effects they might have on the ocean. It is really important to protect the ocean. The ocean covers 70 percent of the Earth's surface. A clean ocean not only helps animals in the ocean survive but also helps us survive.
By noon, the sun was shining and the temperature was rising. The volunteers that had spread out across Venice Beach were coming back to throw the trash they had collected into the truck. I could not believe how much trash there was. All together we collected more than 135 bags of trash. I do hope that next time people go to the beach, they will stop littering.
（1）Why did the environmental group go to Venice Beach? (No more than 6 words)
（2）What does the underlined word "starvation" in Paragraph 2 mean in English?(1 word) （3）How did the author feel seeing the trash in that volunteer's trash bag according to Paragraph 3?(No more than 8 words)
（4）How much trash did the volunteer collect all together that day? (No more than 8 words) （5）What do you think of throwing plastic trash on the beach? And why? (No more than 25 words)
【答案】（1）To clean up the trash.
（2）Hunger
（3）He/She felt very angry.
（4）They collected more than 135bags of trash.
（5）It is a very bad habit, because trash thrown on the beach may end up in the sea, resulting in the death of many sea creatures.
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。

环保组织Heal the Bay组织了一次海滩清洁活动,作者是志愿者之一。

他们去了威尼斯海滩清理垃圾。

在清理垃圾的过程中作者感触良多。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“We went to Venice Beach to clean up the trash. ”可知环我们去了威尼斯海滩清理垃圾。

所以答案为To clean up the trash。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的“Sea animals eat the plastic. After eating it, they think they are full. As a result, they can die of starvation as they are cheated by their feeling and don't think they need to eat any food. ”可知海洋动物吃了塑料。

吃完之后,他们认为他们已经吃饱了。

结果,因为他们会被不必吃任何食物的感觉所欺骗并觉得自己不需要吃任何东西而死于"starvation"。

根据上下文,可知这里的starvation意思是"饥饿",故答案为Hunger。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“It made me very angry with the people who left their things behind without thinking what effects they might have on the ocean. ”可知作者在看清楚袋子里的内容之后,对于那些没想过他们可能会对海洋有什么影响就丢垃圾的人感到很生气。

所以答案为He/ She felt very angry.
（4）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“All together we collected more than 135 bags of trash. ”可知他们一共收集了超过135袋垃圾,故答案为They collected more than 135bags of trash.
（5）考查推理判断。

本文要求考生根据文章内容自由发挥,参考答案为. It is a very bad habit,because trash thrown on the beach may end up in the sea,resulting in the death of many sea creatures.
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而做出正确答案。

5．Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentences given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Nowhere To Hide: What Machines Can Tell From Your Face
The human face is a remarkable piece of work.________ So is the face's ability to send
emotional signals, whether through the unconscious shame or the trick of a false smile. People spend much of their waking lives, in the office and the courtroom as well as the bar and the bedroom, reading faces, for signs of attraction, hostility, trust and deceit. They also spend plenty of time trying to hide their feelings, intentions or nature.
________ In America facial recognition is used by churches to track worshippers' attendance; in Britain, by retailers to spot past shoplifters. This year Welsh police used it to arrest a suspect outside a football game. In China it confirms the identities of ride-hailing drivers, permits tourists to enter attractions and lets people pay for things with a smile. Apple's new iPhone is expected to use it to unlock the homescreen
Set against human skills, such applications might seem enhancive. Some breakthroughs, such as flight or the internet, obviously transform human abilities. ________ Although faces are peculiar to individuals, they are also public, so technology does not, at first sight, intrude on something that is private. And yet the ability to record, store and analyse images of faces cheaply, quickly and on a vast scale promises one day to bring about fundamental changes to notions of privacy, fairness and trust.
________ Masking true feelings helps fix the wheels of daily life. If your partner can spot every prohibited yawn, and your boss every hint of annoyance, marriages and working relationships will be more truthful, but less harmonious. The basis of social interactions might change, too, from a set of commitments founded on trust to calculations of risk and reward derived from the information a computer attaches to someone's face. Relationships might become more reasonable, but also transactional.
A. However, facial recognition seems merely to encode them.
B. Research show that artificial intelligence can reconstruct the facial structures of people.
C. Anyone with a phone can take a picture for facial-recognition programs to use.
D. Technology is rapidly catching up with the human ability to read faces.
E. Continuous facial recording that paints computerized data onto the real world might change the texture of social interactions.
F. The astonishing variety of facial features helps people recognize each other and is crucial to the formation of complex societies.
【答案】 F；D；A；E
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。

介绍了人脸识别技术不仅仅是一项新技术，它也将改变世界。

（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空后“ So is the face's ability to send emotional signals, whethe r through the unconscious shame or the trick of a false smile”可知，人脸传递情感信号的功能也同样重要，无论是通过下意识的脸红还是有技巧的假笑。

所以小题1同后面的句子同样在说明人脸的作用和重要性。

故F. The astonishing variety of facial features helps people recognize each other and is crucial to the formation of complex societies. “面部特征之纷繁各异令人惊叹，它让人们能相互辨认，也是形成复杂社会群体的关键”符合语境。

故选F。

（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空后“In America facial recognition is used by churches to track worshippers' attendance; in Britain, by retailers to spot past shoplifters. This year Welsh police used it to arrest a suspect outside a football game. In China it confirms the identities of ride-hailing drivers, permits tourists to enter attractions and lets people pay for things with a smile. Apple's new iPhone is expected to use it to unlock the homescreen”可知，在美国，教堂使用人脸识别来追踪教徒做礼拜的出席情况；在英国，零售商用它来辨认有扒窃前科的顾客。

今年，威尔士警方利用人脸识别在足球场外逮捕了一名嫌疑犯。

在中国，人脸识别被用于验证网约车司机的身份、让游客刷脸进景点、让顾客微微一笑就能刷脸买单。

苹果的新款iPhone预计将用这一技术来解锁屏幕。

所以以上这些实例都在表明，科技正迅速赶上人类研读脸孔的能力。

也就是小题2要总说的内容。

故D. Technology is rapidly catching up with the human ability to read fac es. “科技正迅速赶上人类研读脸孔的能力”符合语境。

故选D。

（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前“such as flight or the internet, obviously transform human abilities.”可知，飞行或互联网这样的重大突破明显改变了人类的能力。

接下来作者要转折话题，来说明人脸识别并没有像飞行或互联网这样的重大突破明显改变了人类的能力，而只是对面孔进行编码。

故 A. However, facial recognition seems merely to encode them. “而人脸识别似乎只是对面孔进行编码”符合句意。

故选A。

（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空后“Masking true feelings helps fix the wheels of daily life. If your partner can spot every prohibited yawn, and your boss every hint of annoyance, marriages and working relationships will be more truthful, but less harmonious. The basis of social interactions might change, too, from a set of commitments founded on trust to calculations of risk and reward derived from the information a computer attaches to someone's face. Relationships migh t become more reasonable, but also transactional.”可知，掩盖真实的感情有助于修复日常生活的车轮。

如果你的伴侣能发现每个禁止打哈欠的地方，那么你的老板的烦恼、婚姻和工作关系的每一点都会更加真实，但却不那么和谐。

社会互动的基础也可能发生变化，从建立在信任基础上的一套承诺转变为计算计算机附着在某人脸上的信息所产生的风险和报酬。

关系可能变得更合理，但也可能是交易关系。

以上都在说明计算机数据描绘现实世界的连续面部记录可能会改变社交互动的纹理。

也就是小题4要总结的内容。

故 E. Continuous facial recording that paints computerized data onto the real world might change the texture of social interactions. “计算机数据描绘现实世界的连续面部记录可能会改变社交互动的纹理”符合语境。

故选E。

【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

6．Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you
need.
Traffic Regulation and Accident Prevention
We live in a remarkable time, and many of the once fatal diseases can now be cured with modern medicine and surgery. It is almost certain that one day a cure will be found for the rest of the diseases. Expectations of life have greatly increased. But though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before, every day we witness the incredible killing of men, women and children on the roads. Man fights against the motor-car. It is a never-ending battle which man is losing. ________
Nothing can seriously increase your risk of potentially fatal car accidents other than speeding and failing to pay due attention to weather conditions. ________ There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man's very worst qualities. Usually quiet and pleasant people, when they are behind the steering wheel, will become unrecognizable. They are impolite, aggressive, self-willed like two-year-old, completely selfish. All their hidden frustrations, disappointments, and jealousy seem to be caused by driving.
________ It's all for his own convenience. Due to a serious tragedy, the city is almost uninhabitable and the huge parking lot makes the town ugly. The destruction of rural areas and the annual mass killings are just a statistic, easily forgotten. With regard to driving, the laws of some countries are not strict and even the strictest are not strict enough.
Traffic rules are for everyone to follow under any circumstances, and no one can make an exception unless you make a joke of your own life. Universally accepted standards can only have a significant beneficial on the incidence of accidents. Governments should develop safety codes for manufacturers. ________ These measures may sound cruel. However, if these measures result in a reduction in the loss of life every year, they should certainly not be considered serious. After all, the world belongs to humans, not cars.
A. There are five reason for the accident and you are guilty.
B. Every year thousands of people are horribly killed, and we sit still and let it happen.
C. Surprisingly, society should smile at the driver and forgive him.
D. Someone has rightly said that when a person is sitting behind the steering wheel, his car becomes an extension of his personality.
E. All advertisements that emphasize power and performance should be banned.
F. It is time to develop a universal norm to reduce this senseless waste of human life.
【答案】 B；D；C；E
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些关于交通管制与事故预防措施，从而减少交通事故的发生。

（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前“Man fights against the motor-car. It is a never-ending battle which ma n is losing.” 人与汽车搏斗，这是一场人类正在输掉的永无休止的战斗，因此可知每年都有成千上万的人惨死，我们却坐视不理，听之任之。

故选B。

（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空后“There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man's very worst qualities.”毫无疑问，汽车经常暴露出一个人最坏的品
质，可知，汽车是一个人个性的延伸。

故选D。

（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空后“It's all for his own convenience.”一切都是为了他自己的方便，可知，社会对司机微笑并原谅是令人惊讶的。

故选C。

（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前“Governments should develop safety codes for manufacturers”.政府应该为制造商制定安全守则；再根据空后“These measures may sound cruel.”这些措施听起来可能很残酷，可知，作者建议所有强调汽车力量和性能的广告都应该被禁止。

故选E。

【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

7．阅读下面材料，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

The autumn wind woke me up from my dream. I took a deep breath and looked around. Suddenly I saw two people approaching me. As there was no one else in the park, they caught my attention immediately.
The two people were getting closer and I heard them laughing. At first, this laugh made me annoyed as if they had broken my unity with this park and disturbed my thoughts. But all of a sudden, I noticed the age of them — they were old. I could not clearly identify their age, but the woman looked as old as my grandmother. She had grey hair, blue eyes, and a smile on her face. And all the time she was looking at HIM...
"Jim, I think we should change the park. It's the same every Saturday. You know..." "Sus! Hug me."— that was all he said. He looked at her, smiled and gave her a hug.
At this very moment, I saw an old but strong man who knew his wife, and no matter how often she could be complaining, he loved her! I imagined the many things they might go through together — so many hardships that might make them cry, all the problems that they might be experiencing right now and the probability that one of them would outlive the other. And the one that outlives will think the life they spent together was the most beautiful period of their life.
They left, and I was sitting on my bench, shocked, and I had a special feeling in my heart. This feeling was hope! The old couple with all the complaints and tons of mistakes behind their backs made me realize that it was happiness that mattered in life. Eventually, all people would get old and die, and what made a difference was the person you had dedicated your life to. I made a wish — waking up one day, being old and feeling proud of being together with the person I loved to overcome all the obstacles ( 障碍) and fight for happiness.
（1）Why did the author become angry at the old couple's laugh? (no more than 15 words) （2）Why did the old couple look at each other all the time? (no more than 10 words)
（3）What was the author doing at that moment in Paragraph 4? (no more than 20 words) （4）What does the underlined word "dedicated" mean in the last paragraph? (1 word)
（5）How do you like the old couple? What can you learn from the passage? Please express it in your own words. (no more than 20 words)
【答案】（1）Because it had broken his unity with the park and disturbed his thoughts.
（2）Because they loved each other deeply.
（3）The author was wondering what made the old couple love each other so much/The author。