高考英语一轮复习 模块8.1 The written word(讲)(含解

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Unit 1 The written word
一、重点词汇
rescue and adds some comedy to
this otherwise dark tale.(P12)在小说《阁楼》中我最喜欢的人物是斯图
尔特。

他来营救她并给
故事增加了喜剧色彩,否则这将是一个灰色的故事。

9.【教材原句】Burns had a reputation for being funny and pleasant to be around.(P14)
彭斯以有趣和优雅而闻名。

10.【教材原句】The poem was published in 1794 and, like many of Burns's poems, it
was intended to be a song.(P14)这首诗发表于1794年,和许多彭斯的
诗歌一样,这首诗原是为歌咏而作。

11.【教材原句】..., he compares the girl he loves to a red rose.(P15) ……他
把他所爱的姑娘比作一朵红玫瑰。

12.【教材原句】Many people do not read them, because they think classics are old
and boring and have nothing to do with life today.(P2) 许多人不
读经典文学作品是因为觉得它们太古老,枯燥乏味,与今天的生活没有任
何联系。

13.【教材原句】They have not disappeared and still have a place in the world.(P2) 他
们并没有消失,在当今世界仍占有一席之地。

14.【教材原句】He first published many novels one chapter at a time in newspapers,
and some were later performed on stage. (P2) 狄更斯最初将许多小
说发表在报纸上,每次一章,有一些作品后来被搬上了舞台。

15.【教材原句】Pip is bent on becoming a gentleman and winning Estella's love.(P3)
皮普一心要成为一位绅士,赢得埃斯特拉的芳心。

16.【教材原句】However, if you liked the book, you should probably not be too eager
to see the film, as it is not likely to live up to your great
expectations.(P5)然而,如果你喜欢这本书,就不要急于看电影,因为它
可能不会符合你的期望。

二、经典句型
考点-2.含蓄否定句
【教材原句】Pip’s sister often abuses him , but Joe is a kind and simple man, who would rather die than see any
harm come to Pip. (P3)皮普的姐姐经常辱骂他,但乔却是一个淳朴善良的人,他宁愿死也不愿
意看到皮普受到任何伤害。

三、语法自主复习
复习本单元的教材Grammar and usage:否定陈述。

否定陈述
否定陈述是英语中的常用的基本句型之一,它用来表示对所表达情况的否认。

英语的否定结构形式多种多样,无论在思维上还是在表达方式上,都与汉语有许多差异。

如果只按字面意思翻译,有时会造成误解。

因此,在做英译汉和汉译英练习或阅读理解时,一定要认真体会其中的含义,不要望文生义,以防陷入这个可怕的迷宫。

一、常用否定词
1.英语中否定含义的表达形式多种多样,可以用not, no, never, none, nobody, nothing,
nowhere等否定词来表达否定之意。

我们还没有签署任何协议。

We have not signed any agreement.
他们从星期一到星期五从来都没有时间去看电影。

They never have/have no time to go to the cinema during the weekdays.
3.可以用含否定意义的前缀de-,dis-,il-,im-,in-,ir-,non-,un-,under-等构
成的词表达否定之意;也可以用后缀-less,-free,-proof等构成的词表达否定之意。

目前要完全治愈癌症是不可能的。

Today it is impossible to cure cancer completely.
其次,为未来而担忧也是没有用的。

Second, it is also useless to worry about the future.
②动词短语:differ from(与……不同),prefer… to(宁愿……而不),keep off(不接
近,不让……接近),keep… from/prevent… from/stop…from/protect… from(阻止,使……不),lose sight of(看不见),let alone/to say nothing(更不用说)等等。

Why should you prevent them from moving into the new house?
你们为什么不让他们搬进新居呢?
Protecting the air, let alone improving it, is a challenge.
更别说要改善了,现在就是保护空气也很难。

④形容词及形容词短语: reluctant(不愿), absent from(不在,没到场), ignorant
of(不知,不懂),different from(与……不同),short of(缺少,不足),far from(远非,决不),safe from(免于),free from(不受……影响的,没有……的),free of(无……的),least of all(最不),the last(极不可能的,最不适合的)等等。

A judge must be free from prejudice.
法官必须不抱成见。

He is the last man to do such a thing.
他决不会是干那样的事情的人。

Your work is far from being satisfactory.
你的工作决非令人满意。

⑥介词短语:at a loss(不知所措,不知……),in the dark(不知道),in vain(徒劳,
无用),out of the question(不可能)等等。

The police are at a loss for an explanation of the affair.
警察不知如何解释这件事情。

I am completely in the dark concerning his plans.
关于他的计划,我全然不知。

I have so much work to do that a holiday for me this year is out of the question.
我有这么多工作要做,因此,今年我不可能休假了。

4.表达否定意义的常见句子结构(含蓄否定)
①too...to(太……而不能)
He’s too small to do that.
他太小了,干不了那件事。

②more A than B(与其B不如A),more than+含有can 的从句(不能)。

He is more brave than wise.
他有勇无谋。

Your problem is more than I can deal with.
你的问题我解决不了。

④would rather... than...(宁愿……而不愿……)
I would rather stay at home than go to the cinema on Sundays.
周日我宁愿待在家里,也不愿去看电影。

⑥虚拟语气可以表达否定意义
But for your coming, I should have been very lonely.
要不是你来了,我会感到很寂寞的。

二、否定句
2.部分否定
英语中一些含有总括含义的代词、形容词或副词,当用于否定句中时,只否定一部分,而不是完全否定。

如all, everybody (everyone), everything, anyone (anybody), anything, anywhere, everywhere, always, quite, both, entirely, altogether等词与not连用时,在汉语中译为“……不全是……”,“不都是……”,“并非全都是……”,“不总是……”等。

He is not absolutely wrong.
他并不完全错。

Not everyone was for my plan.
并不是每个人都赞同我的计划。

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