Poly(ether imide)

MAJOR APPLICATIONS Printed circuit boards and hard disks for computers, underthe-hood automotive uses, reinforced composites for aerospace applications.
Polyetherimide containing internal lubricants
Copolyetherimide with improved chemical resistance
Carbon reinforced polyetherimide resins
Polyetherimide resins to meet FAR 25.853 regulations for
Glass-transition and melting (Tm) temperaturesà of naphthalene-based polyetherimides 11
O
O
Ar N
N
O Naph O
O
O
Ar (AMINE)
NAPH [NAPHTHALENE BIS(ANHYDRIDE)]
O
O
O
O
CH3
N
N
O O
C
O
CH3
On
Glass reinforced resins (10±40% glass ®llers)
Glass- and mineral-®ber reinforced polyetherimide resins for a
balance of low warpage, dimensional stability and low CTE
Ar1 (BISPHENOLATE)
Ar2 (BISPHTHALIMIDE)
O
O
O
O
488
Ð
500
Ð
457
S
485
499 9
482
530 9
451
699 (Tm) 465 10 755 (Tm)
O
533
Ð
538
Ð
492
S
O
O
483
Ð
512
Ð
467
C
CH3
496
C
Ð
488
Ð
Ð
CH3
à Temperatures (in K) as determined by DSC. ² Unless otherwise indicated, all the values are from references (2) and (7).
Poly(ether imide)
Ar1 (BISPHENOLATE)
Ar2 (BISPHTHALIMIDE)
ÿ CH26ÿ
O
CH2
O
O

O
Ð
521 Ð
489
Ð
C
CH3
508
509 503
Ð
408
C
CH3
à Temperatures (in K) as determined by DSC. ² All the values are from references (2) and (7).
(12)
Shear strength
Impact strength, unnotched Izod
Impact strength, notched Izod
MPa J mÿ1
J mÿ1
ASTM D 732 ASTM D 256; 3.2 mm, 238C
ASTM D 256; 3.2 mm, 238C
salts and aromatic dinitrobisimides via nucleophilic nitro-displacement reactions 1Y 2Y 3; (b) two-step polycondensation of aromatic diamines and etherdianhydrides in a polar aprotic solvent, followed by thermal 4 or chemical 5Y 6
PROPERTIES OF SPECIAL INTEREST Commercial polyetherimide (Ultem) is an amorphous thermoplastic with the following characteristics: high heat resistance, strength, and modulus; inherent ¯ame resistance with low smoke evolution; high dielectric strength, stable dielectric constant and dissipation factor over a wide range of temperature and frequencies; transparency; amenable to conventional molding processes (injection, compression or blow-molding).
Poly(ether imide)
LOON-SENG TAN
ACRONYM, TRADE NAME PEI, Ultem1 CLASS Polyimides; engineering thermoplastics
STRUCTURE
O
N
O R1 O
O N R2
O
O
n
SYNTHESIS Aromatic polyetherimides are usually prepared from (a) bisphenoxide
Glass-transition and melting (Tm) temperaturesà of 4,4H-isomeric polyetherimides²
O
O
O Ar1 O
N
N Ar2
O
O
n
Ar1 (BISPHENOLATE)
Ar2 (BISPHTHALIMIDE)
O
O
O
515
Ð
528
Ð
472
commercial aircraft interiors
A PEL/polycarbonate blend with higher impact resistance
Ultem 1000 resins melt ®ltered to 40 microns
à Supplier: GE Plastics, Plastics Technology Center, One Plastics Avenue, Pitts®eld, Massachussetts 01201, USA.
CH3 C CH3
CH3
CH3
C
C
CH3
CH3
O
O
O
O
533
528
503
527
613 (Tm)
513
508
522
518
508
499
498
494
538
Ð
509
520
526
Ð
519
519
Ð
502
Ð
Ð
481
Ð
501 Not found
Polymer Data Handbook. Copyright # 1999 by Oxford University Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
603 (Tm)
482
Ð
497
Ð
403
502
Ð
520
Ð
478
616 (Tm)
Polymer Data Handbook. Copyright # 1999 by Oxford University Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
471
Poly(ether imide)
109 (12)
10
(12)
Poisson's ratio
Ð
ASTM D638
0.36 (12)
Thermal properties of Ultem 1000
PROPERTY
UNITS
Vicat softening point, method B K
Glass-transition temperaturesà of 3,3H-isomeric polyetherimides²
O
O Ar1 O
O
N
N Ar2
O
O
n
Ar1 (BISPHENOLATE)
Ar2 (BISPHTHALIMIDE)
O
CH2
O
O
536
532 Ð
487
499
514 Ð
466
550
ASTM D 790; yield, 3.2 mm ASTM D 790; yield, 3.2 mm
150 (12)
3.3
(12)
Compressive strength Compressive modulus
MPa MPa Â103
ASTM D 695 ASTM D 695
150 (12)
3.3
cyclodehydration of the polyamic acid precursors; and (c) one-step, high
temperature solution polymerization of aromatic diamines and ether-dianhydrides in a phenolic solvent, removing water of condensation azeotropically. 7 Certain polyetherimides can also be synthesized via direct melt polymerization. 8
100 (12) 1,300 (12)
50
(12)
Gardner impact
J
ASTM D 3029; 238C
37
(12)
Shear strength, ultimate
MPa
Ð
90±103 (12)
Rockwell hardness Taber abrasion
Ð
ASTM D 785
mg (1,000 cycles)ÿ1 ASTM D 1044; CS-17, 1 kg
473
Poly(ether imide)
Ar (AMINE)
NAPH [NAPHTHALENE BIS(ANHYDRIDE)]
O
O
H3C
CH3
CH2
H3C
CH3
H3C
CH3
H3C
CH3
CF3
CF3 C CF3
à Temperatures (in K) as determined by DSC.
Ð 554
474
Polymer Data Handbook. Copyright # 1999 by Oxford University Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mechanical properties of Ultem 1000
Poly(ether imide)
PROPERTY
Tensile strength
UNITS
MPa
CONDITIONS
VALUE
ASTM D 638; yield, Type I, 3.2 mm 105
REFERENCE
(12)
Tensile elongation
%
ASTM D 638; yield, Type I, 3.2 mm 7.0
(12)
Tensile elongation, ultimate %
Not found 523
549
500
503
538
Ð
581
Ð
523
Ð
529
491
504 545 Not found 508 529
Commercial polyetherimide products
PRODUCT NAMESÃ
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
Ultem 1000 series
Unreinforced grades polyetherimide resins
Ultem 2000 series Ultem 3000 series
Ultem 4000 series Ultem CRS5000 series Ultem 7000 series Ultem 8000 and 9000 series aircraft resins
Ultem LTX series resins Ultem Healthcare (HP) resins
Tensile modulus
MPa Â103
ASTM D 638; break, Type I, 3.2 mm 60
(12)
ASTM D 638; yield, Type I, 3.2 mm 3.0
(13)
Flexural strength Flexural modulus
MPa MPa Â103
548 Ð
497
O
512
505 Ð
471
S
507
504 Ð
475
O
540
539 Ð
503
S
O
ÿ CH26ÿ
Ð Ð Ð 401 Ð Ð
472
Polymer Data Handbook. Copyright # 1999 by Oxford University Press, Inc. All rights reserved.