江苏省扬州中学2020┄2021届高三上学期1月质量监测 英语

英语试卷
第I 卷（选择题）
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）
第一节（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What does the man want to do？
A. Take photos.
B. Buy a camera.
C. Help the woman.
2. What are the speakers talking about？
A. A noisy night.
B. Their life in town.
C. A place of living.
3. Where is the man now？
A. On his way.
B. In a restaurant.
C. At home
4. What will Celia do？
A. Find a player.
B. Watch a game.
C. Play basketball.
5. What day is it when the conversation takes place？
A. Saturday.
B. Sunday.
C. Monday.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完
后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。

6. What is Sara going to do？
A. Buy John a gift.
B. Give John a surprise.
C. Invite John to France.
7. What does the man think of Sara’s plan？
A. Funny.
B. Exciting.
C. Strange.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9题。

8. Why does Diana say sorry to peter？
A. She has to give up her travel pan.
B. She wants to visit another city.
C. She needs to put off her test.
9. What does Diana want Peter to do？
A. Help her with her study.
B. Take a book to her friend.
C. Teach a geography lesson.
听下面一段对话，回答第10 至第12题。

10. Why does the man call the woman？
A. To tell her about her new job.
B. To ask about her job program.
C. To plan a meeting with her.
11. Who needs a new flat？
A. Alex.
B. Andrea.
C. Miranda.
12. Where is the woman now？
A. In Baltimore.
B. In New York.
C. In
Avon.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至16题。

13. What does Jan consider most important when he judges a restaurant？
A. Where the restaurant is.
B. Whether the prices are low.
C. How well the food is prepared.
14. When did Jan begin to write for a magazine？
A. After he came back to Sweden.
B. Before he went to the United States.
C. As soon as he got his first job in 1982.
15. What may Jan do to find a good restaurant？
A. Talk to people in the street.
B. Speak to taxi drivers.
C. Ask hotel clerks.
16. What do we know about Jan？
A. He cooks for a restaurant.
B. He travels a lot of his work.
C. He prefers American food.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。

17. What do we know about the Plaza Leon？
A. It’s new building.
B. It’s a small town.
C. It’s public place.
18. When do parents and children like going to the Plaza Leon？
A. Saturday nights.
B. Sunday afternoons.
C. Fridays and Saturdays.
19. Which street is known for its food shops and markets？
A. Via del Mar Street.
B. Fernando Street.
C. Hernandes Street.
20. Why does the speaker like Horatio Street best？
A. It has an old stone surface.
B. It is named after a writer.
C. It is a famous university.
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

21. ---I just can’t believe that Ella the cat has left me forever.
--- _______ and cry. Don’t hold it in.
A. Don’t worry
B. Go ahead
C. Forget it
D. Help yourself
22. We should place _______ emphasis on development and security, and develop nuclear energy on the base of security.
A. equal
B. central
C. superior
D. maximum
23. ---Father seems worn out.
---Why not have a family tour？A week’s holiday _______ him back to normal.
A. had brought
B. is bringing
C. will be bringing
D. will have brought
24. When showing your membership card, you will receive a _______ on purchases, which will save some money.
A. bonus
B. bargain
C. discount
D.
service
25. Protesters calling for a higher minimum wage gather on Tuesday in Miami, Florida, as part of __________ organizers called a “ day of action” nationwide to improve the salaries of fast food workers in the United states ______ are badly paid.
A. which; who
B. what; that
C. what; how
D. how; which
26. --- Why did Miss Li resign from the present position so abruptly？
--- As far as I know, she ______ for higher wages, but was turned down in the end.
A. broke off
B. gave away
C. went on
D. held out
27. On behalf of President Obama and the American people, I am delighted to _______ best wishes to the many people around the world who celebrate the arrival of the Lunar New Year on February 8.
A. extend
B. spread
C. impress
D. expand
28. --- Linda, why haven’t you started writing your composition. The examination has been on for 10 minutes.
--- I _______ what to write about, sir.
A. have considered
B. was considering
C. have been considering
D. had been considering
29. _______ wondering which way to take, the little boy behaved like a real gentleman, who comforted his sister from time to time.
A. Leaving
B. Having left
C. To leave
D. Left
30. I was only joking when I said Tom was silly; Who _______ he took it seriously.
A. would have thought
B. would think
C. had thought
D. thought
31. ---Will my daughter be all right soon, doctor？
---Well, she _______ be, if she takes these tablets.
A. must
B. may
C. can
D. should
32. According to the central bank, the 2015 edition bills will circulate _______ previous editions and will have the same face value.
A. in terms of
B. in parallel with
C. in defence of
D. in case of
33. _______ she is not so cheerful _______ she used to be？
A. How is it that; as
B. Why is it that; what
C. Why is it that; that
D. How is it that; like
34. The story is about an old Indian villager and an American tourist in India, _____understanding the other’s language.
A. none of whom
B. both of them
C. none of them
D. neither of whom
35. ---The Chinese government has attached special importance to agriculture.
--- As the saying goes, _______.
A. he who laughs last laughs best
B. he who lies down with dogs will rise with fleas
C. hunger breeds discontent
D. one cannot eat one’s cake and have it
第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

In modern society loneliness can be seen as a social phenomenon and people can experience loneliness for many reasons. It is a very common, 36 normally temporary, consequence of a breakup, divorce, or loss of any important 37 relationship. In these cases, loneliness may 38 both from the loss of a specific person or from 39 of social circles. The loss of a significant per son in one’s life will 40 lead to a grief response; in this situation, one might feel lonely, even while in the 41 of others.
There are many different ways used to treat loneliness. The first step that most doctors 42 to patients is treatment. Short term treatment typically 43 over a period of ten to twenty weeks. During treatment, emphasis is put 44 understanding the cause of the problem, thoroughly changing the 45 thoughts, feelings, and attitudes resulting from the problem, and exploring ways to help the patient feel 46 . Some doctors also recommend group treatment a means to connect with other sufferers and establish a support system.
47 treatment is animal-assisted treatment. Studies and surveys indicate that the 48 of animal companions like dogs can 49 feelings of loneliness or depression among some sufferers. 50 the companionship the animal itself provides, there may also be increased
opportunities for 51 with other pet owners. Results of a study also suggest that 52 improper social cognition （认知） offers the best chance of reducing loneliness.
53 , loneliness can sometimes play an important role in the creative process. In some people, temporary or prolonged loneliness can lead to remarkable artistic and creative expression, for example, as was the 54 with poet Emily Dickinson, and many musicians. This is not to imply that loneliness itself ensures this creativity, 55 , it may have an influence on the subject matter of the artist and more likely be present in individuals engaged in creative activities.
36. A. however B. or C. but D. though
37. A. short-term B. long-term C. abstract D. concrete
38. A. break B. suffer C. result D. benefit
39. A. turning out B. dropping out C. falling out D. putting out
40. A. occasionally B. intentionally C. typically D. casually
41. A. charge B. company C. face D. absence
42. A. commit B. submit C. recommend D. resign
43. A. hits B. occurs C. strikes D. turns
44. A. in B. to C. for D. on
45. A. negative B. explicit C. positive D. original
46. A. affected B. touched C. disconnected D. connected
47. A. One B. Other C. Another D. The other
48. A. presence B. switch C. control D. management
49. A. speed B. save C. ease D. solve
50. A. Beyond B. Except C. Without D. With
51. A. wrestling B. training C. popularizing D. socializing
52. A. calculating B. correcting C. assessing D. transmitting
53. A. However B. Moreover C. Therefore D. Though
54. A. appearance B. case C. way D. poems
55. A. yet B. still C. just D. rather
第三部分阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A
CONTACT INFORMATION
DESCRIPTION
●Embassy Suites Hotel San Luis is currently accepting applications for front Desk Services Agent. Full time day and part time night positions open.
●Availability must include weekends and holidays.
●This position has a combination of duties mainly related, but not limited to checking-in hotel guests.
We are seeking candidates who have the ability to:
⊙Understand guest inquires and provide responses in a helpful, courteous（礼貌的）manner.
⊙Promote positive relations with all individuals who approach the Front Desk and enter the hotel.
⊙Focus on the guest needs remaining calm and courteous.
⊙Work well under pressure.
⊙Input and access data in the computer.
⊙Ensure security and confidentiality of guest and hotel information.
⊙Work cooperatively with other departments and co-workers as part of a team. REQUIREMENTS
●Customer service experience preferred
●Please apply online by submitting a resume, including a cover letter.
OR:
●Apply in person, by submitting an application for employment, from the executive offices located within the hotel.
56. Which of the following best describes the job advertised？
A. Technical Engineer.
B. Door Man.
C. Reservation Officer.
D. Front Desk Services Agent.
57. Which of the following is needed for the job？
A. College diploma or above
B. Necessary PC skills.
C. Speaking at least three languages
D. Five-year working experience.
B
Concepts from science and nature are filled with our language’s common phrases, idioms and spoken expressions. The unbelieving expression “Well, I’ll be a monkey’s uncle” has its ori gin in bitter disbelief over Darwin’s writings on evolution. These colourful expressions bring spice （趣味） to our language.
Yet certain well-used phrases from science are just plain wrong! Some are obvious, yet we use them anyhow. For example, a person who acutely shakes her head and says “A watched pot never boils” while you are waiting second after tiring second for test results to arrive or job offers to come in knows that if she sat down and watched a pot containing water on a stove over high heat for long enough, the water will eventually boil.
However, a few phrases have less obvious scientific inaccuracies. Here are a few for you to consider.
Once in a blue moon：This poetic phrase refers to something that occurs extremely rarely.
A blue moon is the term commonly used for a second full moon that occasionally appears in a single month of our solar-based calendars. The problem with the phrase, however, is that blue moons are not so rare. They happen every few years at least, and can even happen within months of each other when the 29.5-day lunar cycle puts the full moon at the beginning of any
month but February. The usage of “blue moon” as the second full moon in a month dates back to a 1937 Marine Farmer’s Almanac. But before that, blue moons meant some thing slightly different. Typically, 12 full moons occur from winter solstice to the next winter solstice, but occasionally a fourth full moon in a season could be observed. In such a case, one of the four full moons in that season was known as “blue”.
Whe re there’s smoke, there’s fire：The phrase means that if something looks wrong, it likely is wrong. But let’s step back. Do you always have to have fire if you see smoke？Answering that first requires defining “fire”, Merriam-Webster’s first definition of fire is “the phenomenon of combustion manifested in light, flame and heat”. Combustion is the chemical reaction that occurs when fuel is burned in the presence of oxygen—denying a fire any of these three things will stop the fire; attempting to start a fire without any one of the three things will be impossible. In complete combustion—what occurs when you light a gas stove the fire produces no smoke. However, when most materials are burned, they have incomplete combustion, which means that the fire isn’t ab le to completely burn all of the fuel . Smoke, then, can be considered to be a product of pyrolysis （高温分解）rather than of fire itself. You’re probably thinking—so what？ To get the smoke, a fire needed to be present at some point, right？ Not always.
Diamonds are forever：Thanks to the DeBeers slogan , decorating your honey’s neck, wrists and fingers with diamonds means true and timeless love. Of course, no object that you can hold in your hand can last forever. But diamonds have a special reason for being incapable of timelessness. Without the extreme pressures of the deep Earth where they formed, a diamond will slowly turn back into graphite （石墨）, which is why the older a diamond is, the
more inclusions it’s likely to have.
What common phrases push your buttons when viewed under the microscope of science？Are you curious about the hidden knowledge of some “big” phrases ？ Or perhaps you have the ability to uncover the secret of some unscientific phrases？ Let us know!
58. According to the passage, the blue moon _______.
A. appears at the beginning of a month
B. gains its modern meaning before 1937
C. presents itself quite frequently sometimes
D. can never be seen by people in February
59. What can be concluded from the passage？
A. The older a diamond is, the more valuable it’s likely to be.
B. Fire is not necessarily causing smoke.
C. Smoke is a product of complete combustion.
D. the less obvious scientific inaccuracies of some phrases make them more useful.
60. The underlined phrase “push your buttons” in the last paragraph means “_______”.
A. impress you a lot
B. frighten you much.
C. surprise you greatly
D. make you lose your interest
61. The author’s attitude towards the scientific inacc uracies of the phrases is ________.
A. indifferent
B. objective
C. critical
D. favorable
C
In 1851, Auguste Comte, the French philosopher and father of sociology, coined the new word altruism as part of a drive to create a non-religious religion based on scientific principles.
He defined it as “intentional action for the welfare of others that involves at least the possibility of either no benefit or a loss to the actor”. At that time, studies of animal behavior and phrenology （颅相学） led him to locate egotistical （自我本位的） instincts at the back of the brain, altruistic ones at the front.
Today, we have a far more sophisticated knowledge of the neurological （神经学的）and biochemical factors that underpin kind behavior. And this science forms the bases of two books aimed at general readers—but also at those who, despite the research, still doubt the existence of altruism.
However, the books may end up providing more information for the naysayers. Take The Altruistic Brain by neuroscientist Donald Pfaff. On solid scientific ground, he builds a five-step theory of how altruism occurs, which depends on an idea that is unconvincing and may achieve the opposite result. Pfaff argues that to act altruistically you should first visualize the receiver of your good will, then mentally transform their image into your own, “from angle to angle and curve to curve”. Does it really work？
At the core of evolutionary biologist David Sloan Wilson’s Does Altruism Exist？is another contentious （有争议的）idea：altruism has evolved as the result of group selection. But Wilson argues his corner masterfully, providing a clever reply to the belief that natural selection occurs only at the level of the selfish gene：“Selfishness beats altruism within groups. Altruistic groups beat selfish groups,” he says.
In other words, we cooperate when doing so gives our team the advantage. That doesn’t sound very selfless either.
Wilson acknowledges this, but argues that thoughts and feelings are less important than
actions. According to evolutionary theory, pure altruists do exist, but it doesn’t matter why people choose to help others—their reasons may be difficult even for themselves to understand. What matters is that humans can coordinate their activities in just the right way to achieve common goals. Other animals do this too, but we are masters. “Teamwork is the signature adaptation of our species,” he says.
Pfaff goes further, insisting that our brain biology “urges us to be kind”. He believes this knowledge alone will inspire individuals to be more altruistic. His desire to create a better world is admirable and some of his ideas are interesting, but Wilson’s analysis is clearer.
While it is in our nature to be altruistic, Wilson says, we also have a healthy regard for self-interest and a resistance to being pushed around. Which one comes to the fore depends on the environment in which we find ourselves. Ethics, he says, cannot be taught at individual level, but are “a property of the whole system”.
62. Which of the following can be considered an altruistic behaviour according to Comte’s definition？
A. A person offers to donate his liver to another who needs one.
B. A clerk returns the umbrella to his colleague which he has kept for a long time .
C. A student volunteers to work in the orphanage to collect data for his research.
D. A police officer spots a car parking in the no-parking area, finding a child in the trunk.
63. What does Donald Pfaff think people should do in order to altruistically？
A. Draw a picture of the person they are going to help.
B. Transform the receiver into a kind person.
C. Visualize what they are going to do in mind first.
D. Imagine they themselves are to be helped.
64. Which of the following statements is David Sloan most likely to agree with in his book？
A. Being kind is not something people are born with.
B. People in groups are less likely to be selfish.
C. People may well act selflessly because of where they are.
D. Most people know clearly why they are ready to help others.
65. What can be concluded from the passage？
A. Figuring out what makes us behave selflessly is a tricky business.
B. Unlike Donald Pfaff’s book, David Sloan’s book aims at professional readers.
C. Comte’s definition of altruism proves to be impractical in modern times.
D. Both Donald Pfaff and David Sloan lay emphasis on team work.
D
I left the woods for as good a reason as I went there. Perhaps it seemed to me that I had several more lives to live, and could not spare any more time for that one. It is remarkable how easily and insensibly we fall into a particular route, and make a beaten track for ourselves. I had not lived there a week before my feet wore a path from my door to the pond-side; and though it is five or six years since I trod it, it is still quite distinct. It is true, I fear, that others may have fallen into it, and so helped to keep it open. The surface of the earth is soft and impressible by the feet of men; and so with the paths which the mind travels. How worn and dusty, then, must be the highways of the world, how deep the ruts of tradition and conformity! I did not wish to take a cabin passage, but rather to go before the mast and on the deck of the world, for there I could best see the moonlight amid the mountains. I do not wish to go below now.
I learned this, at least, by my experiment：that if one advances confidently in the direction of his dreams, and endeavors to live the life which he has imagined, he will meet with a success unexpected in common hours. He will put some things behind, will pass an invisible boundary; new, universal, and more liberal laws will begin to establish themselves around and within him; or the old laws be expanded, and interpreted in his favor in a more liberal sense, and he will live with the license of a higher order of beings. In proportion as he simplifies his life, the laws of the universe will appear less complex, and solitude will not be solitude, nor poverty poverty, nor weakness weakness. If you have built castles in the air, your work need not be lost; that is where they should be. Now put the foundations under them.
The life in us is like the water in the river. It may rise this year higher than man has ever known it, and flooded the parched uplands; even this may be the eventful year, which will drown out all our maskrats. It was not always dry land where we dwell.
However mean your life is, meet it and live it; do not shun it and call it hard names. It is not so bad as you are. It looks poorest when you are richest.The fault-finder will find faults in paradise. Love your life, poor as it is. You may perhaps have some pleasant, thrilling, glorious hours, even in a poor-house. The setting sun is reflected from the windows of the alms-house as brightly as from the rich man’s abode; the snow melts before its door as early in the spring.
I do not see but a quiet mind may live as contentedly there, and have as cheering thoughts, as in a palace. T he town’s poor seem to me often to live the most independent lives of any. Maybe they are simply great enough to receive without misgiving. Most think that they are above being supported by the town; but it often happens that they are not above supporting themselves by dishonest means, which should be more disreputable. Cultivate poverty like a
garden herb, like sage. Do not trouble yourself much to get new things, whether clothes or friends. Turn the old; return to them. Things do not change; we change. Sell your clothes and keep your thoughts. God will see that you do not society. Do not seek so anxiously to be developed, to subject yourself to many influences to be played on; it is all dissipation. Humility like darkness reveals the heavenly lights. It is life near the bone where it is sweetest. Superfluous wealth can buy superfluities only. Money is not required to buy one necessary of the soul.
66. According to the author, how is the path of mind travel？
A. Easy and insensible.
B. Soft and impressible.
C. Worn and dusty.
D. Traditional and conform.
67. What will happen if one endeavors to realize his dream？
A. He will put some things behind.
B. He will establish universal and liberal laws.
C. He will embrace success.
D. He will live with the license of order.
68. The underlined word “shun” in the fourth paragraph means _______.
A. avoid
B. hate
C. dislike
D. fear
69. By saying “It looks poorest when you are richest”, the author probably implies _______.
A. even you are rich, you should look poor
B. you are not so bad when you are poor
C. find others’ fault when you are rich
D. love your life even when you are poor
70. What can be inferred from the last paragraph？
A. It is fault-finders that can find faults in paradise.
B. The author believes wealth is what one should run after.
C. The author objects to the modern world.
D. One shouldn’t support themselves through dishonest means.
第II卷（两部分；共35分）
第四部分任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意：每个空格只填1个单词。

请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。

Imagine living in a country torn by war. Or maybe you live in a place where there are few jobs and little chance to earn a living. Your family decides to move—not to another town, but to another country. You and your family have become immigrants. People are called immigrants when they move to a foreign country to make their homes.
People become immigrants for many reasons. The most common one is economic opportunities. Most immigrants are attracted to other countries by the promise of jobs, farmland, or business opportunities.
Other people become immigrants in order to get away from mistreatment or natural disasters. They are refugees. Some refugees move to avoid wars and political unrest. Others are seeking freedom to express their religious view. Still others are uprooted by disasters, such as terrible flooding or drought.
Some people have become immigrants against their will. Caught in Africa, shipped to foreign lands and forced to work as slaves, many early African immigrants to North and South America came in chains.
Except for Native Americans, all people came to the United States from someplace else. For
nearly 500 years, immigrants have landed on America’s shores seeking a better life. Throughout American history, immigrants often worked low-paying, dangerous jobs that other people refused to do.
Immigrants from around the world helped shape American life. Many immigrants absorbed the customs and language common to most Americans. They also brought their own traditions, including music and foods. Over time, many of these traditions have become part of American life.
The first European immigrants to America hoped to colonize new lands. By the mid-1500s, Spaniards had ventured into Florida, California, and the American Southwest. French immigrants arrived in the early 1600s and built their first colony in Canada. The English also arrived in the early 1600s. They established 13 colonies along America’s Atlantic Coast.
In the 1700s, England became the major power in colonial North America. But many European immigrants came to live in the English colonies. They included people from Sweden, Holland, Germany, Scotland, and Ireland.
Immigrants still come to the United States seeking freedom and economic opportunities. Most new immigrants no longer come from Europe. They come mainly from Central and South America, the Caribbean, and Asia.
Today, the U.S. government limits the number of immigrants into the country each year. People who sneak illegally into the United States are called illegal immigrants, who, if caught, would be sent back to their home countries.
第五部分书面表达（共1题，满分25分）
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

Right after the Second World War, Germany was in ruins. Almost all the houses, factories and schools were destroyed. Plenty of people were homeless as well as jobless. Worse still, the supply of water and electricity was often cut off in the city. Two American journalists
interviewed a German family living in the basement. The husband was disabled from the war and the wife was just dismissed from a clothing company. Worse still, there were bills for them to pay—four children to care for and food to buy. Life was hard for them at that time.
After the interview, the journalists chatted with each other on the way back to the company.
“Do you think the Germans could rebuild their homeland？”
“Absolutely.”
“But I can’t see any hope for the country at all. How can you be so certain about that？”
“Have you noticed what they put on the table in the basement？There was a vase of flowers. A nation, suffering at such moment, hasn’t forgotten about flowers. It shows that hopes are not lost. They are still able to dream. A nation with hope can create miracles. They are sure to be able to rebuild their homeland.”
【写作内容】
1. 以约30个词概括上文的主要内容；
2. 以约120个词就梦想改变命运的话题谈谈你的想法，内容包括：
（1）你赞同文中的观点吗？
（2）举例证明你赞同或不赞同的原因；
（3）谈谈你对梦想的看法以及你如何为实现梦想而努力。

【写作要求】
1. 作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句
子；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

英语试卷答案。