2020-2021年八年级英语上册阅读理解专项练习经典(word)

2020-2021年八年级英语上册阅读理解专项练习经典（word）
一、八年级英语上册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
1．阅读理解
Money makes the world go round. But money isn't anything when people don't know how to use it. And no one is better at using money than American investor（投资者）Warren Buffet. He is one of the richest men in the world.
Buffet was born in Nebraska in the US in 1930. As a child, he loved making and saving money. He used to go door-to-door selling his own products（产品）.
After university, Buffet went on buying and selling shares（股票）. Shares are small part of a company. He is good at predicting changes in companies. By 1962, he became a rich man. In 1990, he went one step further and became a billionaire（亿万富翁）.
In 2008, Warren Buffet became the richest man in the world. He has promised to give 99% of his wealth to charity（慈善）after he dies.
（1）Which of the following is TRUE about Buffet?
A. He makes the world go round
B. He doesn't know how to use money.
C. He isn't the richest man in the world.
D. He is good at using money.
（2）When did Buffet become a billionaire ?
A. In 1930.
B. In 1962.
C. In 1990.
D. In 2008.
（3）What has Buffet promised to do in the future?
A. He will invest in charity and make more money.
B. He will give most of his money to charity.
C. He will hold 99%of the shares of a charity.
D. He will leave 99% of his wealth to his family.
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了美国投资者Warren Buffet。

（1）细节题。

根据And no one is better at using money than American investor（投资者）Warren Buffet.可知他擅长使用钱，故选D。

（2）细节题。

根据In 1990, he went one step further and became a billionaire（亿万富翁）可知在1990年他成为亿万富翁，故选C。

（3）细节题。

根据He has promised to give 99% of his wealth to charity（慈善）after he dies.可知他承诺把99%的钱捐给慈善，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

2．阅读理解
Mother's Day is a holiday for mothers. And on this day, mothers don't work. It is on the second Sunday in May. It is celebrated in the United States, England, Sweden, India, Mexico and some other countries. Little by little, it becomes widely celebrated. On that day, many people send presents of love to their mothers. Those whose mothers are still living often wear a pink or red
rose or carnation（康乃馨）, while those whose mothers are dead（去世） wear a white one. The idea of a day for mothers are first given by Miss Anna Jarvis of Philadelphia（费城）. The celebration of the first American Mother's Day was held in Philadelphia on May 10, 1908. Soon the holiday became popular around the country and the world.
（1）Mother's Day is on ____________.
A. the second Saturday in May
B. the second Sunday in May
C. May the second
D. May the twelfth
（2）When one's mother is still living, she often wears a____________ rose or carnation.
A. white
B. pink
C. yellow
D. blue
（3）The idea of____________ for mothers was first given by Miss Anna Jarvis.
A. a present
B. a week
C. a day
D. A flower
【答案】（1）B
（2）B
（3）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍母亲节的由来。

母亲节是一个妈妈们的节日，它在每年5月的第二个星期天来庆祝。

这一想法是由美国的Anna Jarvis女士自先提出的，现在很多国家都大祝这个节日。

（1）细节理解题。

由第一段Mother's Day is a holiday for mothers. On this day, mothers don't work. It's on the second Sunday in May.可知母亲节在五月的第二个星期天，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。

由第一段最后句Those whose mothers are still living often wear a pink or red rose or carnation（康乃馨）,可知母亲在世时，常戴粉红色玫瑰或康乃馨。

故选B。

（3）细节理解题。

由最后段第一句The idea of a day for mothers are first given by Miss Anna Jarvis of Philadelphia（费城）. The celebration of the first American Mother's Day was held in Philadelphia on May 10, 1908.可知安娜·贾维斯小姐首先提出了母亲节的想法。

故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

3．根据短文内容完成下列任务。

Years ago, if a teenager had some problems in his life, he might write about them in his diary. Now a teenager might surf the Internet and write about his problems in his blog. In some ways, a diary and a blog are almost the same. What makes a blog different from a diary?
___________1 I have a younger sister. Sometimes I read her blog. She writes about things like waking up early for swimming practice and not studying enough for her chemistry exam. When I was her age, I wrote the same things, but only in my diary. After I finished writing, I would hide （藏）my diary in a secret place because I was worried that someone else might read it！Blogs have good points, of course. If I feel lonely and write “Nobody cares about me" in my diary, no one will know about it. However, if my sister writes the same words in her blog, her
friends will quickly reply and tell her how much they like her. The blog helps people keep in contact （联系）with their friends.
A blog is public so it has some bad points.
___________2 If I am angry with a friend during school and write something bad about him in my diary, he will never know. However, if my sister writes something bad about a friend, that friend may read her blog and cry.
___________3
If people are careful, writing the blog is really a good way to communicate with others. However, I still enjoy my diary!
（1）将下面的句子还原到文中空缺处。

A. So we must be very careful to write.
B. The biggest problem is that anyone can read what you write.
C. The biggest difference is that a blog is much more public than a diary.
________ ________ ________
（2）The underlined word "secret" means “___________” in Chinese.
A. 公开的
B. 黑暗的
C. 隐秘的
D. 有趣的（3）What may happen if a girl writes that nobody cares about her in her blog?
________
【答案】（1）C
；B
；A
（2）C
（3）Her friends will quickly reply and tell her how much they like her。

【解析】【分析】
（1）①根据上下文，可知此处是讲博客和日记不同之处，故选C。

②根据上下文，此处是讲博客公开性导致的缺点之一：人人可知你所写的内容。

故选B。

③根据上下文，此处应该是发出号召：我们在博客上写日子要谨慎。

故选A。

（2）根据上下文，特别是“hide （藏）my diary”。

可推知答案，故选C。

（3）根据文中“However, if my sister wri tes the same words in her blog, her friends will quickly
reply and tell her how much they like her. The blog helps people keep in contact （联系）with their friends.”可推知答案。

4．根据材料内容简要回答下列问题。

Alice and John are in the music club at their school. Alice plays the violin and John plays the drums. There are two groups in the school music club: the training （训练）group and the concert（音乐会） group. Everyone starts in the training group!
"When I first started to play the violin it sounded terrible!" Alice said. "My family asked me to practice outside."
After a year's practice, Alice and John play much better now. They are both in the concert group and they are learning more difficult music. "We're learning the music from the film Pirates of the Caribbean. It sounds fantastic!" John said. "Playing in the club with other kids is a lot of fun."
Playing an instrument （乐器） is not only fun. It also helps children learn to concentrate （集中注意力）. "I have to concentrate when I'm practicing," Alice said. "And now it's easier for me to concentrate on my schoolwork."
Playing an instrument can also help children become more confident （自信的）. As John said, "I was scared when I played in front of a lot of people for the first time. But now I really enjoy it." （1）What instrument does John play?
________
（2）What did Alice's family do when they first heard Alice play the violin?
________
（3）Which group are Alice and John in now?
________
（4）Does John feel scared when he plays in front of many people now?
________
（5）How many good points of playing an instrument does the passage talk about?
________
【答案】（1）The drums
（2）They asked her to practice outside.
（3）The concert group.
（4）No. he doesn't.
（5）Three.
【解析】【分析】本文介绍爱丽丝和约翰参加学校音乐俱乐部的经历和现在的感受。

⑴细节理解。

根据第1段中的 Alice plays the violin and John plays the drums可知约翰演奏的乐器是打鼓，故答案为The drums。

⑵细节理解。

根据第2段中的My family asked me to practice outside.可知第一次爱丽丝演奏的时候声音很难听，她的家人让她到外面去练习，故答案为They asked her to practice outside。

⑶细节理解。

根据第3段中的They are both in the concert group可知他们现在乐队，故答
案为The concert group。

⑷细节理解。

根据最后一段中的I was scared when I played in front of a lot of people for the first time. But now I really enjoy it可知开始的时候在人面前演奏约翰感到害怕，但是现在他很享受，所以他不害怕了，故答案为No. he doesn't.
⑸细节理解。

根据最后两段的描述可知演奏乐器很有趣，可以帮助集中注意力，可以增强自信，所以有三个优点，故答案为Three。

【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。

在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。

5．阅读理解
Sam,
Thank you for asking me to play soccer with you. But I'm afraid I can't. I have a piano lesson on Tuesday. Maybe another time.
Nancy
Sandy,
Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party on Friday. I'd love to come，but I have to go to New York that day. It's very kind of you. I hope you have a happy birthday party. Nancy
Lucy,
Thanks a lot for your invitation. I'd love to go to your house for dinner on Thursday. But I have to get my things ready for traveling. How about coming to my house with Lily？My mother cooks fish very well. I think you'll like it. I hope to see you before I'm leaving.
Nancy
Rose,
Would you like to come to my house for dinner tonight？All of our good friends will come. Nancy
A. Two.
B. Three.
C. Four.
D. Five
（2）Nancy will go to New York on________.
A. Tuesday
B. Thursday
C. Friday
D. Wednesday
（3）What does Nancy have to do on Thursday?
A. Get her things ready for traveling.
B. Cook fish for Lucy and Lily.
C. Play soccer with Sam.
D. Go to a birthday party.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
【解析】【分析】这是是Nany写的四封信。

分别是感谢和邀请。

（1）细节题，根据第一封信，第二封信和第三封信都是邀请，故选B。

（2）细节题，根据Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party on Friday. I'd
love to come，but I have to go to New York that day.可知她周五要去纽约，故选C。

（3）细节题，根据 I'd love to go to your house for dinner on Thursday. But I have to get my things ready for traveling.可知周四她要为旅游准备好东西，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，细节题是阅读理解题中常考题型，细节题需要在文中寻找答案。

6．阅读理解
A dream plays an important part in your daily life. Do you want to make your dream come true?
I hope the following things can help you.
Have a strong desire（欲望） for a goal You should remember the starting point of all kinds of success is a strong desire. Strong desires make good results. So, the first step is to have a strong desire for your goal.
Believe in yourself. You can change your life by changing your mind. You should never stop thinking that your dream can come true. For example, you can draw a picture of something that you want and put it up on the wall. Then you can see it every day. It can encourage you to get through the problems.
Make a plan. Making a plan is the most important step. You should make sure that you think through everything in the plan first. Each day you should follow the plan so that you can reach your goal.
Check your progress（进步） You need to check how much progress you have made and how many things you have lost. Write these things down and find out how to do better later.
（1）What is the first step to do to make your dream come true?
A. To believe in myself.
B. To make a plan.
C. To have a strong desire.
D. To check my progress.
（2）What does the underlined word "encourage" mean in Chinese?
A. 协调
B. 鼓励
C. 接受
D. 准备
（3）What should NOT you do when you check your progress?
A. Check how much progress I have made.
B. Check how many things I have lost.
C. Write these things down and find out how to do better.
D. Ask my friends for help when I have problems.
（4）Which of the following is TRUE?
A. The starting point of all the success is to have a very strong body.
B. Putting a picture of your dream up on the wall can't do any help.
C. Making a plan and following it can help you with your dream.
D. The last step is to believe that your dream can come true one day.
（5）What's the passage mainly about?
A. It is difficult to make your dream come true.
B. Make a plan to make your dream come true.
C. You should always believe in yourself.
D. Tips on how to make your dream come true.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
（5）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文从对一个目标有强烈的愿望、相信自己、制订一个计划和检测你的进步这四个方面介绍了如何使你的梦想成为现实。

（1）细节理解题。

根据文中语句So，the first step is to have a strong desire for your goal.可知，实现梦想的第一步是对一个目标有强烈的愿望。

故选C。

（2）词义猜测题。

根据文中语句For example，you can draw a picture of something that you want and put it up on the wall.Then you can see it every day.可推知，它能鼓励你克服困难。

故encourage意为“鼓励”。

故选B。

（3）细节理解题。

根据文中语句You need to check how much progress you have made and how many things you have lost. Write these things down and find out how to do better later.”可知D项描述错误。

故选D。

（4）细节理解题。

根据文中语句Making a plan is the most important step.You should make sure that you think everything through in the plan first.Each day you should follow the plan so that you can reach your goal.”可知，制订一个计划，遵循它，能帮助你实现你的梦想。

故选C。

（5）主旨大意题。

结合全文内容可知，本文从对一个目标有强烈的愿望、相信自己、制订一个计划和检测你的进步这四个方面来介绍如何使你的梦想成为现实的秘诀。

故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文考查细节题，词义推断题，推理判断题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题，词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。

7．阅读理解
Mrs. Jackson is a reporter at www. australian- . Her hobby is taking photos. Now she writes a new book with a lot of pictures of her dog. The book tells about her puppy.
When Harley was born, he only had two healthy legs.
What happened to the other two legs? Mrs. Jackson was very sad at this.
In fact, Harley also had two back legs, but they were deformed badly. When he was 8 weeks old, the owner took him to a nearby hospital. The doctors said they had no way to save（救）them. At last, they had to cut his back legs when he was just 12 weeks old. Later the poor dog had to practice running. Now he can run as fast as a usual dog.
Luckily, Harley is a happy dog. He never thinks he is different from other dogs. He is now 16 weeks old. He tries to run every day. The other day, a warm-hearted man gave him a wheel-chair. Now he can go out easily with the help of his wheel-chair. You see, Harley is a dog that never gives up.
（1）According to Paragraph 1, we know Mrs. Jackson likes .
A. taking photos
B. playing computer games
C. reading books
D. walking dogs alone
（2）The underlined word "deformed" here in Chinese means .
A. 消失的
B. 灵活的
C. 畸形的
D. 粗壮的（3）From the passage, we know .
A. Mrs. Jackson was sad because she lost her dog
B. When Harley was 12 weeks old, he lost his front legs
C. Harley is a happy dog and can run as fast as a usual dog
D. A warm-hearted woman gave Harley a wheel-chair
（4）What's the best title for the passage?
A. A Famous Reporter.
B. A Special Wheel-chair.
C. A Warm-hearted Man.
D. A Dog That Never Gives Up.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】主要讲了一只永不放弃的狗——Harley。

（1）细节题。

根据Her hobby is taking photos.可知她的爱好是照相，故选A。

（2）词义猜测题。

根据划线词后面的badly，严重的，和下文中the owner took him to a nearby hospital，they had to cut his back legs等词，可知Harley的腿状况很不好，只有畸形的，可以描述腿状况不好，故选C。

（3）细节题。

根据Now he can run as fast as a usual dog.Luckily, Harley is a happy dog.可知Harley是只快乐的狗，并且和普通狗跑得一样快，故选C。

（4）主旨题。

根据Harley is a dog that never gives up可知主要讲了一只永不放弃的狗，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、词义猜测题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；词义猜测题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

8．阅读理解
What do you think of friends? Well, let me tell you some ideas of my classmates.
Susan Friends can help us find our shortcomings（缺点）. They can also help us when we're in trouble. More friends mean more opportunities（机遇）.
Frank Friends are really important and necessary in our life, but we shouldn't depend on（依赖） our friends too much.
Peter If you have a real friend, cherish（珍惜） your friendship. My best friend is Tony. I knew him when I was in primary school. Now we always play sports together after school and we often help each other.
Sally I have lots of friends. I always talk with them and share my happiness and sadness with them. I feel very happy to be with them.
Amy When I need help, I always ask my friends for help. Although friends can't help us with everything, I think in some ways friends are better than parents and teachers.
A. Peter
B. Frank
C. Susan
D. Sally
（2）Amy thinks that __________.
A. friends can help us with everything
B. more friends mean more opportunities
C. she shouldn't ask her friends for help when in trouble
D. friends are better than parents and teachers in some ways
（3）The following statements are true EXCEPT __________.
A. Sally is happy to be with her friends
B. Peter knew Tony when they were in middle school
C. Susan thinks friends are helpful when we have trouble
D. Frank thinks it is important for us to have friends in our life
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者同学对朋友的观点。

（1）细节题。

根据but we shouldn't depend on（依赖） our friends too much可知Frank认为我们不应该太依赖父母，故选B。

（2）细节题。

根据I think in some ways friends are better than parents and teachers.可知Amy认为朋友比父母和老师更好，故选D。

（3）细节题。

根据I knew him when I was in primary school可知Peter小学时就认识Tony，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

9．阅读理解
Joe Smith is a singer. He and his wife like traveling a lot. Every year they visit a small town called Gum Tree in January and July and they sing for people there.
One summer, they went there by train again. On the first day, they planned to go hiking in the mountains, but it rained a lot. So they decided to go to the only cinema in town and watch a movie there.
There were only nine people in the cinema hall. When people saw the Smiths, they started to clap（鼓掌）. Joe was excited and said to his wife, "Aha, I cannot believe people here all know me and they are friendlier than I "thought. They must like my songs."
Then a young man said to them, "Thanks for your coming! The cinema shows the movie only after ten people buy the tickets. There're eleven now, so the movie will be on soon."
（1）Joe Smith and his wife visit the small town .
A. once a year
B. twice a year
C. once a month
D. twice a month （2）How did the Smiths get to the town?
A. By plane.
B. By bus.
C. By train.
D. By car.
（3）The Smiths because it rained a lot on that day.
A. went hiking
B. climbed the mountain
C. slept in the hotel
D. went to the movies （4）We can know the Smiths .
A. like going hiking in the mountains
B. are unfriendly to people
C. often sing for people in town
D. like going to the cinema
（5）The people in the cinema welcomed the Smiths because .
A. they could watch the movie then
B. they all knew Mr. Smith well
C. they liked Mr. Smith's songs
D. they wanted to be friendly to visitors
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）D
（4）C
（5）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了歌手Joe Smith和妻子每年去参观叫做Gum Tree的小城镇，并且为那里的人唱歌。

（1）细节题。

根据Every year they visit a small town called Gum Tree in January and July每年的一月和七月他们都会去一个叫Gum Tree的小镇，所以是一年去两次，故选B。

（2）细节题。

根据One summer, they went there by train again.可知他们坐火车去那，故选C。

（3）细节题。

根据On the first day, they planned to go hiking in the mountains, but it rained a lot. So they decided to go to the only cinema in town and watch a movie there. 第一天，他们打算去山里远足，但雨下得很大。

所以他们决定去城里唯一的电影院看电影。

故选D。

（4）细节题。

根据Every year they visit a small town called Gum Tree in January and July and they sing for people there.歌手Joe Smith和妻子每年去参观叫做Gum Tree的小城镇，并且为那里的人唱歌。

故选C。

（5）细节题。

根据Then a young man said to them, "Thanks for your coming! The cinema shows the movie only after ten people buy the tickets. There're eleven now, so the movie will be on soon." 一个年轻人对他们说：“谢谢你的到来！只有十个人买票后，电影院才放映这部电影。

现在有十一个，所以电影马上就要上映了。

”故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

10．阅读理解
What's that in the sky? Is it a bird? Is it a plane? No, it's Hello Kitty.
That's how Lauren Rojas, 12, from the US thought of her science project. She sent her Hello Kitty doll into the sky early this month. She wanted to find out how altitude（高度）changed air pressure（气压） and temperature, according to New York Daily News.
Rojas put the doll and a small computer into a rocket model, and then sent it up with a weather balloon（气球）. The computer recorded the height, air pressure and temperature. Rojas also put in a video camera to record the trip.
"It took about two or three weeks to put it all together," said Rojas. "I think people will think it （the video） is really cool."
The balloon got to 28.5km above the Earth. At that height, the doll could see the blue curves （曲线） of our planet. The air was very thin up there, and soon the balloon broke up （爆炸）. The doll fell from the sky and at last it ended up in a tree. It was 76km from the place where it had started its journey.
（1）Rojas do her science project___________.
A. early this morning
B. early this month
C. last week
D. two or three weeks ago （2）Rojas used __________ to find out how high the doll was.
A. A rocket model
B. A weather balloon
C. A small computer
D. A video camera （3）At last the balloon broke up at the height of _________.
A. 28.5km above the Earth
B. 76km above the Earth
C. a tree
D. a plane in flight （4）Rojas did the project to find out____________.
A. how a plane or a bird flies
B. how high a Hello Kitty can fly
C. how altitude changes air pressure and temperature
D. what our planet looks like from a great height
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了Lauren Rojas把Hello Kitty放到天空中想发现高度是怎样影响气压和温度的。

（1）细节题。

根据She sent her Hello Kitty doll into the sky early this month.可知是月初就做实验，故选B。

（2）细节题。

根据The computer recorded the height, air pressure and temperature.可知电脑记录了高度，故选C。

（3）细节题。

根据The balloon got to 28.5km above the Earth. At that height, the doll could see the blue curves（曲线） of our planet. The air was very thin up there, and soon the balloon broke up （爆炸）.可知气球在海拔28.5千米的地方爆炸，故选A。

（4）细节题。

根据She wanted to find out how altitude（高度）changed air pressure（气
压） and temperature, according to New York Daily News.可知目的是发现高度是怎样影响气压和温度的。

故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

11．根据短文理解选择正确答案。

B
The word “day” has two meanings. When we talk about the number of days in a year, we are using “day” to mean 24 hours. But when we talk about day and night, we are using “day” to mean the time between sunrise and sunset. Since the earth looks like a ball, the sun can shine on only half of it at a time. Always one half of the earth is having day and the other half night. A place is moved from day into night and from night into day over and over by the spinning（旋转）of the earth. At the equator（赤道）day and night are sometimes the same length（长度）. They are each twelve hours long. The sun rises at 6 o'clock in the morning and sets at 6 o'clock in the evening. For six months the North Pole（北极）is tilted（倾斜）toward the sun. In those months the Northern Hemisphere（半球）gets more hours of sunlight than the Southern Hemisphere（半球）. Days are longer than nights. South of the equator nights are longer than days. For the other six months the North Pole is tilted away from the sun. Then the Southern Hemisphere gets more sunlight. Days are longer than nights. North of the equator nights are longer than days. Winter is the season of long nights. Summer is the season of long days.
（1）When the Western Hemisphere is having day, the Eastern Hemisphere is having ______.
A. both day and night
B. day
C. neither（既不）day nor night
D. night （2）A place is moved from day into night and from night into day over and over by ________ of the earth.
A. the pushing
B. the pulling
C. the spinning
D. the passing
（3）At the equator day is as long as night ________.
A. sometimes
B. never
C. usually
D. always
（4）When the North Pole is tilted toward the sun, the Northern Hemisphere gets ________ sunlight.
A. less
B. more
C. all
D. no
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】短文大意：day这个单词有两层含义，当我们谈论一年中有多少天时，我们用“天”表示24小时，但是当我们谈到“白天”和“夜晚”时，我们用“天”表示日出和日落
之间的时间。

（1）细节推理题，根据文章内容But when we talk about day and night, we are using “day” to mean the time between sunrise and sunset. Since the earth looks like a ball, the sun can shine on only half of it at a time. Always one half of the earth is having day and the other half night. 当地球的一半是白天时，另一半却是夜晚，可以推断“当西半球是白天时，东半球是夜晚”，故选D。

（2）细节理解题，根据文章内容A place is moved from day into night and from night into day over and over by the spinning（旋转）of the earth. 可知选C。

（3）细节理解题，根据At the equator（赤道）day and night are sometimes the same length （长度）. 可知在赤道，有时白天和夜晚一样长，故选A。

（4）细节理解题，根据For six months the North Pole（北极）is tilted（倾斜）toward the sun. In those months the Northern Hemisphere（半球）gets more hours of sunlight than the Southern Hemisphere（半球）. 可知当北半球向太阳倾斜时，北半球的光照时间比南半球长，故选B。

【点评】这是一篇科普类阅读短文，讲述了“白天”和“夜晚”的划分。

12．阅读理解
Once there was a piece of white and new paper. Children loved playing with it. But one day the paper found itself old and dirty. It was sad.
Before it knew what was going on, it found itself lying in the dustbin（垃圾箱）. It was sad when the worker came and put it into a truck with some other old paper.
It travelled from day to night, from wind to rain. At last someone put it into a machine with other paper. It quickly got sorted（分类）. This was the end! There was so many things it wanted to do, for example, be a book for children. But this was the end. The paper tried to run with other paper, but it failed. In the end, the paper closed its eyes. After some time, it woke up. The paper found it was quiet. The paper looked around and realized it was sitting next to some fresh paper. It looked down at itself. It was clean with a very new white coat.
（1）When it was in the dustbin, the paper was _______.
A. sad
B. excited
C. worried
D. happy
（2）Where did the paper probably arrive finally?
A. In a child's home
B. In a dustbin.
C. In a paper factor
D. In a toy shop.（3）What did the paper try to do when it was in the machine?
A. It tried to run with other paper.
B. It tried to be happy.
C. It tried to make itself clean.
D. It did nothing but close its eyes.
（4）What happened to the paper at the end of the story?
A. The paper got sorted with other paper.
B. The paper ran out of the machine with its friends
C. The paper was made into a book.
D. The paper became clean again.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文叙述一张白色的新纸有很多梦想如成为孩子的书籍最后失败的过程，只能与其它白纸一样，成为表面干净的一张纸。

（1）细节理解题。

由it found itself lying in the dustbin（垃圾箱）. It was sad when the worker came and put it into a truck with some other old paper.可知它感到难过，故选A。

（2）细节理解题。

由At last someone put it into a machine with other paper. 最后有人把它和其他纸放进机器里。

故选C。

（3）细节理解题。

由The paper tried to run with other paper, but it failed.可知它试图与其他纸张一起合用，成为孩子用的书籍，故选A。

（4）细节理解题。

由The paper looked around and realized it was sitting next to some fresh paper. It looked down at itself. It was clean with a very new white coat.可知那张白纸又变回一张白纸，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案。

13．阅读理解
John is thirteen now. He began to study in a middle school two years ago. His home is in a village and it's nearly five kilometres away from the school. He has to get up early in the morning. After quick breakfast he has to run to school and get there on time. His father hopes to borrow some money to buy a bike for him, but John knows his mother is always ill and that his father spends much money on medicine. He doesn't agree with his father and keeps running there every day. Now he's very strong. He is never late for class and his teachers often praise him.
Last week there was a sports meeting in his school. John ran faster than any other boy in the boys' 800—metre race, 1, 500—metre race and 3, 000—metre race. The whole school knew him. He was happy. He told his grandma about the good news as soon as he got home.
"I broke two school records today, Granny, "called out the boy.
To his surprise, the old woman wasn't happy. She thought for a while and I'm sorry to hear that. But we have no money to pay for them, you know!
（1）John began to study in a middle school at the age of _______.
A. nine
B. eleven
C. thirteen
D. fifteen
（2）John runs to school every day in order to _______.。