(新课标)天津市高考英语二轮复习 第三部分 阅读理解 专题十七 词义猜测课件.pptx
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高考英语专题复习《阅读理解专题——猜测词义》PPT课件
小试身手
1. Albert’s success after much effort and practice proves the value of persistence. A. time B. competition C. perseverance 2. All his attempts to unlock the door was futile, because he was using the wrong key. A. 成功的 B. 徒劳的 C.有效的 有效的 D. 匆促的
6、同义词、近义词 、同义词、 信号词: 信号词 or, like , as…as, the same as The new tax law supersedes or replaces, supersedes, the law that was in effect last year. Mother was tall, fat and middle-aged. My aunt was an old woman, almost as plump as mother, and much shorter.
Ex. 1 木匠
动物学家
牧人
夜班
◎A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter. carpenter zoologist, ◎His uncle is a zoologist an expert who does research on animals. herdsman, ◎The herdsman who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. ◎We are on the night shift --- from midnight to 8 a.m. --- this week.
高三下学期二轮复习阅读理解词义猜测课件
As
Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what
it’s talking about.”
What have you learnt in this class?
1. Five Strategies: explanation; logical relationship; context; word formation; example
K. fragile H. famous people
5. attractant-free M. not attractive 10. head-spinning L. dizzy
clcalsassisfifciactaitoinon
number nu1m,8ber 2,3
4,6
5,10 7,9
hints himntesaning; but; If the
2. Compare the hints among these sentences can
help you classify them.
IV
A handy tool makes a handy man!
1. Based on the classification, work in groups to draw a mind map to summarize the strategies used.
Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately,
it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large
高考英语二轮专题复习：阅读解题策略课件(共33张PPT)
高考英语二轮专题复习：阅读解题策 略课件( 共33张 PPT)
高考英语二轮专题复习：阅读解题策 略课件( 共33张 PPT)
b. 同位法
❖ They traveled a long way, at last got to a castle, a large building in old times.
but一词表转折，因此but 前后的意思正相反。后 半句的意思是她今天“第一节上了一半才来”，因 此反向推理，可得出她平时一向“准时”的结论。
高考英语二轮专题复习：阅读解题策 略课件( 共33张 PPT)
高考英语二轮专题复习：阅读解题策 略课件( 共33张 PPT)
思路点拨
解答这类题型最重要的方法是理解含画 线词的这一句，以及上下文或上下句的意 思,无论是猜义题还是指代题，都可从句子 逻辑关系或上下文联系去寻求答案。逻辑 关系有并列关系、因果关系、转折关系、 递进关系、同类关系、解释关系等，因此 要特别注意or, for, so, however, but, otherwise, for example, such as等词。我们 要善于利用这些逻辑关系来推出单词或短 语在特定语境下的特殊含义。
that___. 4）According to the passage, when ( where,
why, how, who, what, which, etc.)___? 5）Which of the following is the correct order
of ____?
高考英语二轮专题复习：阅读解题策 略课件( 共33张 PPT)
5. 推断作者观点态度：题干中常有think of, attitude, opinion等词，我们要善于捕捉描 写环境气氛，表达感情、观点态度和心理 的词句来推断作者的观点态度。
高考英语二轮专题复习：阅读解题策 略课件( 共33张 PPT)
b. 同位法
❖ They traveled a long way, at last got to a castle, a large building in old times.
but一词表转折，因此but 前后的意思正相反。后 半句的意思是她今天“第一节上了一半才来”，因 此反向推理，可得出她平时一向“准时”的结论。
高考英语二轮专题复习：阅读解题策 略课件( 共33张 PPT)
高考英语二轮专题复习：阅读解题策 略课件( 共33张 PPT)
思路点拨
解答这类题型最重要的方法是理解含画 线词的这一句，以及上下文或上下句的意 思,无论是猜义题还是指代题，都可从句子 逻辑关系或上下文联系去寻求答案。逻辑 关系有并列关系、因果关系、转折关系、 递进关系、同类关系、解释关系等，因此 要特别注意or, for, so, however, but, otherwise, for example, such as等词。我们 要善于利用这些逻辑关系来推出单词或短 语在特定语境下的特殊含义。
that___. 4）According to the passage, when ( where,
why, how, who, what, which, etc.)___? 5）Which of the following is the correct order
of ____?
高考英语二轮专题复习：阅读解题策 略课件( 共33张 PPT)
5. 推断作者观点态度：题干中常有think of, attitude, opinion等词，我们要善于捕捉描 写环境气氛，表达感情、观点态度和心理 的词句来推断作者的观点态度。
【课件】阅读理解词义猜测课件-2023届高三英语二轮复习
How can you get the answer? Can you share some strategies or your own techniques with us?
We now have a name for the disease and it’s 1. COVID-19, “WHO” chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus told reporters in Geneva. COVID-19, as it’s labeled, is understood to be a 2. novel strain of corona virus that has not
logical clues
strategy 1. logical clues
strategy 2. word formation
strategy 3. definition
keywords for definition：
举例提示语：
punctuation mark：
more strategies: synonym 同义词 & antonym 反义词 common sense 基本常识
Practice makes perfect!
Apply these strategies to practice!
Exercise 1
（2021·云南昆明·三模）The gardens are also sensitive to pests, so farmers end up spending some money on both pesticides and fertilizers. But even with those expenses, they found, benefits outweighed costs. 3．What does the underlined word “outweighed” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Affected. B．Brought. C．Beat. D．Equaled.
2023届高考英语二轮复习：关于阅读理解中的“猜测词义”题型 课件(共19张PPT)
说题
关于阅读理解中的“猜测词义”题型
Contents
PART 01
说题意
PART 02
说学情
PART 03
说方法
PART 04
说延伸
PART 05
说反思
PART 01 说题意
输说入题相意关的标题
该题型考察学生读懂书、报、杂志中关 于一般话题的简短文章以及公告、说明、广 告等，并能从中获取相关信息，根据上下文 推断生词的词义的能力。
所考单词的意义通常超出大纲范围—— 超纲词意含义推断、熟词生义或是在特定语 境中的意思。
输说入题相意关的标题
2012课 标·全国Ι
2
考查猜测词义的题量在近五年中相对稳定， 属于常考题目，是对学生多方面综合能力的检测， 而且近年来有难度增大的趋势，不仅要求学生在 复杂句式中通过上下文综合分析才能得出答案， 而且试题中还增加了对短语及句意的猜测。
What does the underlined word “Sedate” probably mean? B or D?
A. Wild the romantic
B. Slow and peaceful
C. Hungry and thirsty
D. Active and excited
PART 03 说方法
PART 02 说学情
输说入学相情关的标题
这是一篇说明文，介绍了在非洲骑着马近距离观赏野生动物的奇妙之处。
In the evening, rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried pace, with golden light streaming across the grassy delta and the animals coming out to eat and drink. Sedate though they are, rides at this time of day are still very impressive. As the sun's rays pass through the dust kicked up by the horses, the romance of Africa comes to life.
关于阅读理解中的“猜测词义”题型
Contents
PART 01
说题意
PART 02
说学情
PART 03
说方法
PART 04
说延伸
PART 05
说反思
PART 01 说题意
输说入题相意关的标题
该题型考察学生读懂书、报、杂志中关 于一般话题的简短文章以及公告、说明、广 告等，并能从中获取相关信息，根据上下文 推断生词的词义的能力。
所考单词的意义通常超出大纲范围—— 超纲词意含义推断、熟词生义或是在特定语 境中的意思。
输说入题相意关的标题
2012课 标·全国Ι
2
考查猜测词义的题量在近五年中相对稳定， 属于常考题目，是对学生多方面综合能力的检测， 而且近年来有难度增大的趋势，不仅要求学生在 复杂句式中通过上下文综合分析才能得出答案， 而且试题中还增加了对短语及句意的猜测。
What does the underlined word “Sedate” probably mean? B or D?
A. Wild the romantic
B. Slow and peaceful
C. Hungry and thirsty
D. Active and excited
PART 03 说方法
PART 02 说学情
输说入学相情关的标题
这是一篇说明文，介绍了在非洲骑着马近距离观赏野生动物的奇妙之处。
In the evening, rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried pace, with golden light streaming across the grassy delta and the animals coming out to eat and drink. Sedate though they are, rides at this time of day are still very impressive. As the sun's rays pass through the dust kicked up by the horses, the romance of Africa comes to life.
高考英语专题复习《阅读理解专题——猜测词义》PPT课件
very little rain, the farmers have to irrigate, or water, their fields.
◎All the other members are of the
same opinion. They are unanimous.
反义词 污秽的
天生的
混乱
小
结
定义或释义关系常由定语从句或 be called，be known as, be defined as ， 等词汇或破折号来表示 ； 或由is, 或由 that is (to say), in other words， ， to put it another way引出 一些具体的解释性的短语放在生词后 做它的同位语，用逗号隔开， 做它的同位语，用逗号隔开，构成同 位关系。 位关系。
词义猜测题常用的提问方式有： 词义猜测题常用的提问方式有：
1. The word “…” refers to / probably means / could best be replaced by ___. 2.The word “…” is most likely to mean ______. 3. What do you think the expression “…” stands for? 4. The underlined word “…” means __. 5. The word “…” is closest in meaning to …
语 境 猜 测 词 义
1. 定义描述 2. 同义反义 3. 因果关系 4. 举例归纳 5. 生活常识 6. 上下文推测
1、定义描述 动物学家 、
牧羊人
语义学
zoologist, ◎His uncle is a zoologist an expert who does research on animals. herdsman, ◎The herdsman who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. ◎ Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently.
第17讲 阅读理解词义猜测题(课件)-2024年高考英语一轮复习(新教材新高考)
款适合你
夯基·备基础知识
命题方式：
词义猜测题概述
The phrase“...” in the sentence could be replaced by“ ”.
The word “...”in the paragraph refer to“ ”.
What is the meaning of the und稿er定linPePdT word in the.. paragraph? Which of the following is the c稿lo定sPePsTt，i海n量m素e材an持i续ng更to the phrase“...”?
California, Oleg and Natasha, his hosts in Tashkent, and a string of foreign aid workers.
夯基·必备基础知识
知识点二
真题典例 （2020年新高考I卷C篇）
猜测代词指代含义
29．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to?
夯基·必备基础知识 知识点 一
6. 根据因果关系推测词义：
猜测划线单词或短语的含义
因果关系时一种常见的提供生词词义信息的逻辑关系。根据线索词as, since,
because, for , so, thus, consequently, therefore, hence, due to, result in, result
知识点二 猜测代词指代含义
真题典例 （2020年新高考I卷C篇） A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article
高三英语二轮复习阅读理解技巧之词义猜测课件
What the meaning of the underlined word
“disorder” ?
失调，疾病
5. Wasn't I the “blind” in my class, being made to learn like the “sighted” students?
What the meaning of the underlined word “sighted” ?
(1) disagree _不__同__意__ (2) irregular _不__规__则__的____ (3) logical _合__逻__辑__的__ (4) direction ____方__向_____ (5) impolite _不__礼__貌__的__ (6)carelessness_粗__心__大__意____
-tive，积极的
(M4U2 Word Power)
2. Conversion
➢I thought a thought. ➢A good cook could cook good cookies. ➢Never trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. ➢There is no need to light a night light on a light night like tonight.
What impress you most in recent newspaper?
Words in red
Scripts of video: Are you familiar with these words?
unfamiliar
un + familiar = not + familiar prefix + root
天津高考英语二轮提分语法部分教学课件7
天津高考英语二轮提分 语法部分PPT课件 1ppt
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天津高考英语二轮提分 语法部分PPT课件 1ppt
突破点一 突破点二 突破点三
4.时态的代替 在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句以及“the more...,the more...”句型(第一个分句)中,用现在时表示将来。 如:I don’t know when he will return but when he comes back I will let you know. The harder you work,the greater progress you will make.
fail.
A.invest
B.have invested
C.am investing D.invested
思路点拨从答语后面的分句I don’t want to fail判断,“我”已经投
入了大量的时间和精力,此处是表示到目前为止的结果,应用现在
完成时态,所以选B项。句意:——你打算放弃这个项目吗?——不
-9-
天津高考英语二轮提分 语法部分PPT课件 1ppt
天津高考英语二轮提分 语法部分PPT课件 1ppt
突破点一 突破点二 突破点三
2.进行时表示情感 现在进行时和过去进行时与副词always,constantly,continuously 等连用时,表示一种赞赏或厌恶的感情色彩。 如:He is always helping those who are in trouble. Why are you constantly interrupting me when I am voicing my opinion? 3.将来时态不表将来的用法 be going to do 可以表示根据某事暗示或迹象表明很可能或者必 定要发生的事。 如:Look at the dark clouds!It is going to rain.
高三英语二轮复习：高考阅读理解之词义猜测课件
Analyse the relation with codes运用密码分析猜测点与语境之间的关系
对比
Compare and choose the answer仔细对比，找出与原句意思吻合的选项
核查
Reread and confirm the answer将初选定的答案代入原句，再读以确定答案
五个解题密码
变戏法的人
定语从句：定语从句修饰和限定了先行词的内容和范畴。
[ˌprestɪˈdɪdʒɪˌteɪtər]
2.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ阅读B)Yet “Apes” is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors(监控) the treatment of animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping_tabs_on more than 2，000 productions this year. Already, a number of films, including “Water for Elephants”，“The Hangover Part Ⅱ” and “Zookeeper”，have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven't been treated properly.2.What does the underlined phrase “keeping tabs on” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A．Listing completely. B．Directing professionally.C．Promoting successfully. D．Watching carefully.
对比
Compare and choose the answer仔细对比，找出与原句意思吻合的选项
核查
Reread and confirm the answer将初选定的答案代入原句，再读以确定答案
五个解题密码
变戏法的人
定语从句：定语从句修饰和限定了先行词的内容和范畴。
[ˌprestɪˈdɪdʒɪˌteɪtər]
2.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ阅读B)Yet “Apes” is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors(监控) the treatment of animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping_tabs_on more than 2，000 productions this year. Already, a number of films, including “Water for Elephants”，“The Hangover Part Ⅱ” and “Zookeeper”，have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven't been treated properly.2.What does the underlined phrase “keeping tabs on” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A．Listing completely. B．Directing professionally.C．Promoting successfully. D．Watching carefully.
2024届高考二轮阅读理解专题复习之词义猜测题课件(共30张PPT)
impossible
John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very thrifty.
According to the passage, “thrifty” means ___节__约___
exhibitions in one day.
（因果关系）
（转折关系）
4. I tried hard not to make serious mistakes, but I slipped up.
出差错，疏忽
2.语法关系 猜词义
猜一猜：
哑剧 （下定义）
1.Pantomime refers to a short play in which no words are spoken.
2.He was a prestidigitator who entertained the children by pulling rabbits
out of hats, swallowing fire, and other similar tricks.
变戏法的人 （从句）
3.You may borrow from the library any periodicals: News Weekly,
television.
模仿 （并列、近义关系）
2.Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I know. His brother, in
contrast, is quite humble and modes傲t. 慢的
（对比、反义关系）
极大地，巨大的
John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very thrifty.
According to the passage, “thrifty” means ___节__约___
exhibitions in one day.
（因果关系）
（转折关系）
4. I tried hard not to make serious mistakes, but I slipped up.
出差错，疏忽
2.语法关系 猜词义
猜一猜：
哑剧 （下定义）
1.Pantomime refers to a short play in which no words are spoken.
2.He was a prestidigitator who entertained the children by pulling rabbits
out of hats, swallowing fire, and other similar tricks.
变戏法的人 （从句）
3.You may borrow from the library any periodicals: News Weekly,
television.
模仿 （并列、近义关系）
2.Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I know. His brother, in
contrast, is quite humble and modes傲t. 慢的
（对比、反义关系）
极大地，巨大的
高中英语二轮专题复习阅读理解中的词义猜测公开课
If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children’s party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below. 26.What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph? A. a dessert. B. a drink. C. a container. D. a machine
What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in Paragraph 3? A. The attackers get attacked. B. The insects gather under the table. C. The plants get ready to fight back. D. The perfumes attract natural enemies.
text?
4) Which of the following has the closest meaning to… (paragraph…)?
5) By saying that “…” in the first(second…) paragraph, the author means that ______.
【公开课课件】高考英语二轮专题复习之阅读理解猜测词义精选全文
disagree
2.(福建卷)If you're tired of wandering around the gym wasting time and becoming bored，you can attend an upbeat group fitness class that'll keep
your workout on track. Q:The underlined word “upbeat” in the second paragraph probably
Statistics on the type of guessing meanings of words
Year
2019
2018
2017
全国卷Ⅰ 1(单词stumbles的含义)
1(单词 dominant的 2(代词that的含义； 短语the
含义)
water catcher的含义)
全国卷Ⅱ
2(代词I的含义；短语tug at 1(短语a juicer的含
large
[典例] (2019·北京卷 )Phytoplankton(浮游植物) lives at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide into the ocean while giving off oxygen. ...But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow...
天津高考英语二轮提分语法部分教学课件3
需要特别注意的是,一般不要用文中的原句作为答案,最好能对 文章的信息细节进行简单加工和整合,形成自己的语言,然后简明 扼要地写下来。注意写下的答案一定不要出现语法上的错误。
这类题目的命题形式非常灵活,通常用what,why,how等特殊疑问 词提问。常用的回答方式有:(1)Why→Because;(2)What→名词、动 名词或句子;(3)How→By doing。
天津高考英语二轮提分 语法部分PPT课件 12ppt
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天津高考英语二轮提分 语法部分PPT课件 12ppt
突破点一 突破点二 突破点三 突破点四 突破点五
捕捉理解具体信息 考查方向 这类题目一般要求考生结合文中的某个方面进行解答,通常要求 答案固定或者唯一,并且可以在文章中找到明确的答案或者依据, 与阅读理解中的细节理解题类似。作者经常会通过运用事实、分 析原因、对比事物间的关系等手段论证某一观点,考生恰好可以利 用这个规律解答该类题目。
天津高考英语二轮提分 语法部分PPT课件 12ppt
-6-
天津高考英语二轮提分 语法部分PPT课件 12ppt
突破点一 突破点二 突破点三 突破点四 突破点五
经典例题 (2017·天津卷) ... Dad was 29 when he got his big roles in films.I had an early start at the age of nine with a role in a 1990s TV series,but it wasn’t until I finished film studies that I pursued my career as an actress.Like those early days for Dad,I faced lots of rejections.Working in such a competitive industry,I’ve sometimes thought,“ I can’t do this any more.”
这类题目的命题形式非常灵活,通常用what,why,how等特殊疑问 词提问。常用的回答方式有:(1)Why→Because;(2)What→名词、动 名词或句子;(3)How→By doing。
天津高考英语二轮提分 语法部分PPT课件 12ppt
-5-
天津高考英语二轮提分 语法部分PPT课件 12ppt
突破点一 突破点二 突破点三 突破点四 突破点五
捕捉理解具体信息 考查方向 这类题目一般要求考生结合文中的某个方面进行解答,通常要求 答案固定或者唯一,并且可以在文章中找到明确的答案或者依据, 与阅读理解中的细节理解题类似。作者经常会通过运用事实、分 析原因、对比事物间的关系等手段论证某一观点,考生恰好可以利 用这个规律解答该类题目。
天津高考英语二轮提分 语法部分PPT课件 12ppt
-6-
天津高考英语二轮提分 语法部分PPT课件 12ppt
突破点一 突破点二 突破点三 突破点四 突破点五
经典例题 (2017·天津卷) ... Dad was 29 when he got his big roles in films.I had an early start at the age of nine with a role in a 1990s TV series,but it wasn’t until I finished film studies that I pursued my career as an actress.Like those early days for Dad,I faced lots of rejections.Working in such a competitive industry,I’ve sometimes thought,“ I can’t do this any more.”
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【典例分析】 Another beneficial aspect of group exercise is the informational support participants receive from the instructor.Many people fear the gym because they feel lost and don’t want to embarrass themselves.If you feel you can relate,then group training is an even better option for you.It’s a great opportunity to learn more about fitness through the clear instruction and supervision(监管)of a fitness instructor.If you’re tired of wandering around the gym wasting time and becoming bored,you can attend an upbeat group fitness class that’ll keep your workout on track.Don’t let fitness frighten you!
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46.What does the phrase “death valley” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A.A place where cars often break down. B.A case where passing a law is impossible. C.An area where no driving is permitted. D.A situation where drivers’ role is not clear. 词义猜测题。根据第一段的最后一句可知,交通部长的提议将会 明确司机的责任。根据第二段的“...the grey area between semiautonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.”可知,这个提议旨在处理半自主驾驶与完全自主驾驶之间的 不明确的情形,故选D项。
也可由or或破折号引出,因此只要找准并正确理解生词的释义,生词
的含义也就清楚了。释义部分可以是单词、短语,也可以是列举的
句子。在做这类题时,要注意生词与复述部分往往构成同位语,在
句中多用逗号(,)、破折号(—)、冒(2017·天津卷,C) This month,Germany’s transport minister,Alexander Dobrindt,proposed the first set of rules for autonomous vehicles(自主 驾驶车辆).They would define the driver’s role in such cars and govern how such cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost. The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the“death valley” of autonomous vehicles:the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future. ...
“...”?
(4)The word “...” probably refers to
.
(5)According to the passage,the word “...” is known as
.
2.词义猜测题解题策略
(1)根据定义、解释和复述猜测词义
这种情况下,生词往往出现在前面,定义或解释跟在生词的后面,
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1.词义猜测题常见的命题方式有以下几种
(1)The word “...” in the passage means
.
(2)The word “...” could be best replaced by
.
(3)Which of the following is nearest/closest in meaning to the word
专题十七 词义猜测
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考情概览 《考试说明》指出:正确理解文章中单词或短语的含义是理解 文章的第一步,也是理解文章的基础。但英语单词的含义并非完全 等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思,其含义随不同的语境会有所不同。 能根据上下文正确理解灵活变化的词义,才算是真正初步具备了一 定的阅读理解能力。此外,阅读文章时,常常会遇到一些过去未见 过的词,但许多这类生词的词义可以通过上下文推断出来。这种不 使用词典而通过阅读上下文来推断生词含义的能力,是一个合格的 读者所必须具备的能力,因此也是阅读理解中经常考查的一种能力。 词义猜测题主要是测试考生根据上下文判断生词或新短语意 义的能力。阅读中我们经常会遇到许多生词。事实上,阅读材料中 的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。考生可以利 用语境(各种已知信息)推测、判断某些生词的词义。
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(2)根据搭配、对比关系猜测词义 分析句子结构、辨别句子成分、分清搭配关系,是判断词义的前 提,通过搭配关系可以确定画线名词指代的对象是人还是物。另外, 转折词but,让步/条件状语从句以及unlike,in spite of,despite,however 等一些介词和副词(短语)都可以构成意义上的对比关系。
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73.The underlined word “upbeat” in the second paragraph probably
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【典例分析】 Another beneficial aspect of group exercise is the informational support participants receive from the instructor.Many people fear the gym because they feel lost and don’t want to embarrass themselves.If you feel you can relate,then group training is an even better option for you.It’s a great opportunity to learn more about fitness through the clear instruction and supervision(监管)of a fitness instructor.If you’re tired of wandering around the gym wasting time and becoming bored,you can attend an upbeat group fitness class that’ll keep your workout on track.Don’t let fitness frighten you!
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46.What does the phrase “death valley” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A.A place where cars often break down. B.A case where passing a law is impossible. C.An area where no driving is permitted. D.A situation where drivers’ role is not clear. 词义猜测题。根据第一段的最后一句可知,交通部长的提议将会 明确司机的责任。根据第二段的“...the grey area between semiautonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.”可知,这个提议旨在处理半自主驾驶与完全自主驾驶之间的 不明确的情形,故选D项。
也可由or或破折号引出,因此只要找准并正确理解生词的释义,生词
的含义也就清楚了。释义部分可以是单词、短语,也可以是列举的
句子。在做这类题时,要注意生词与复述部分往往构成同位语,在
句中多用逗号(,)、破折号(—)、冒(2017·天津卷,C) This month,Germany’s transport minister,Alexander Dobrindt,proposed the first set of rules for autonomous vehicles(自主 驾驶车辆).They would define the driver’s role in such cars and govern how such cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost. The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the“death valley” of autonomous vehicles:the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future. ...
“...”?
(4)The word “...” probably refers to
.
(5)According to the passage,the word “...” is known as
.
2.词义猜测题解题策略
(1)根据定义、解释和复述猜测词义
这种情况下,生词往往出现在前面,定义或解释跟在生词的后面,
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1.词义猜测题常见的命题方式有以下几种
(1)The word “...” in the passage means
.
(2)The word “...” could be best replaced by
.
(3)Which of the following is nearest/closest in meaning to the word
专题十七 词义猜测
1
-2-
考情概览 《考试说明》指出:正确理解文章中单词或短语的含义是理解 文章的第一步,也是理解文章的基础。但英语单词的含义并非完全 等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思,其含义随不同的语境会有所不同。 能根据上下文正确理解灵活变化的词义,才算是真正初步具备了一 定的阅读理解能力。此外,阅读文章时,常常会遇到一些过去未见 过的词,但许多这类生词的词义可以通过上下文推断出来。这种不 使用词典而通过阅读上下文来推断生词含义的能力,是一个合格的 读者所必须具备的能力,因此也是阅读理解中经常考查的一种能力。 词义猜测题主要是测试考生根据上下文判断生词或新短语意 义的能力。阅读中我们经常会遇到许多生词。事实上,阅读材料中 的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。考生可以利 用语境(各种已知信息)推测、判断某些生词的词义。
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(2)根据搭配、对比关系猜测词义 分析句子结构、辨别句子成分、分清搭配关系,是判断词义的前 提,通过搭配关系可以确定画线名词指代的对象是人还是物。另外, 转折词but,让步/条件状语从句以及unlike,in spite of,despite,however 等一些介词和副词(短语)都可以构成意义上的对比关系。
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73.The underlined word “upbeat” in the second paragraph probably