Unit 2 单词笔记

attribute verb. noun.
verb.
1.attribute sth. to sth.把……归因于
To say or believe that sth. is the result of a particular thing
例句：She attributes her success to hard work and a little luck.
她认为她的成功来自勤劳和一点运气
2.attribute sth. to sb.认为是某人所为（或说、写、做）
To say or believe that sb. Is responsible for doing sth, especially for saying, writing or painting sth.
例句：This play is usually attributed to Shakespeare.
人们通常认为这出戏剧是莎士比亚所写
The committee refused to attribute blame to anybody without further information.如果没有进一步的情况，委员会拒绝归罪于任何人3．attribute sth. to sb.认为某事物属于某人
Believe sth. to belong to sb.
例句：He attributes wisdom to his teacher.他认为他的老师有智慧nuon.
4.attribute n.属性；性格；特征
a quality or feature of sb./sth.
例句：Patience is one of the most important attributes in a teacher.
耐心是教师最重要的品质之一
attribution noun.
1.attribution n.归因，归属
assigning to a cause or source
例句：Attribution of her success solely to wealth is not fair.认为她的成功完全是因为有财富是不公平的(归因)
The attribution of this painting to Rembrandt has never been questioned.这幅画是伦郎勃所作从未有人怀疑（归属）
2.attribution n.属性
assigning some quality or character to a person or thing
例句：The attributionof emceeing art is spreading, which has the essence to communicate.主持艺术的属性是传播性,而传播的本质就在于沟通attributive adj. noun.
1.attributive adj. 做定语的（用于所修饰的名词前）of adjectives
例句：This is an attributive clause.这是一个定语从句
2.attributive adj.归属的of attribution
例句：At least we had found out our attributivepoint of the life.起码我们找到了生活的归属点
This reduced the culture difference undoubtedly, enhanced the member's privacy and attributive sense.这无疑减少了文化差异，增强了成员的隐私和归属感
3.attributive n.定语
used before a noun to describe it
例句：Generally a noun can serve as subject, object and attributive in a sentence.名词一般都可以在句子里作主语、宾语和定语attributable adj.可能由于；可归因于
probably caused by the thing mentioned;capable of being attributed
例句：Their illnesses are attributable to a poor diet.
他们的病可能是不良饮食所致
administration noun.
1.administration n. 管理，行政
the activities that are done in order to plan, organize and run a business, school or other institution
例句：Administration costs are passed on to the customer.
行政费用转嫁给了消费者
theday-to-dayadministration of a company 公司的日常管理工作
2.administration n. 施行；执行
the process or act of organizing the way that sth. is done
the administration of justice 司法
3.administration n.管理部门；行政部门
the people who plan, organize and run a business, an institution, etc.
university administration大学行政部门
4.administration n.政府（尤指美国）the government of a country the Obama administration 奥巴马政府
5.administration n.施用the act of giving a drug to sb.
the administration of antibiotics施用抗生素
6.administration n.行政接管（公司破产时由独立管理人负责其运营）
a situationin which the financial affairs of a business that cannot pay its debts are managed by an independent administrator
例句：If it cannot find extra funds, the company will go into administration. 如果公司筹不到额外资金就将进入行政接管程序administrative adj.管理的；行政的
connected with organizing the work of a business or an institution
an administrative job/assistant/error 管理工作；行政助理；管理错误administrator n.管理人员，行政人员
aperson whose job is to manage and organize the public or business affairs of a company or an institution
a hospital administrator 医院管理人员
display verb. noun.
verb.
1.display verb.展示；陈列
to put sth. in a place where people can see it easily; to show sht. to people
例句：The exhibition gives local artists an opportunity todisplay theirwork.这次展览为当地艺术家提供了展示自己作品的机会
2.display verb.显露；表现（尤指特性或情感）
to show signs of sth., especially a quality or feeling
I haverarely seen her display any sign of emotion.
我难得见到她将喜怒形于色(情感)
These statistics display a definite trend.
这些统计数据表现出一种明显的趋势（特性）
3.display verb.显示to show information
The screen will display the title of the mail message.
屏幕将在右上角显示用户名称
4.display verb. （雄性的鸟兽为求偶）炫耀
to show special pattern of behavior that is intended to attract a female bird or animal
noun.
1.display n.陈列；展览
an arrangement of things in a public place to inform or entertain people or advertise sth. for sale
a beautiful floral display outside the Town Hall 市政厅外陈列的美丽的花
a window display橱窗陈列a display cabinet陈列柜
on display陈列；展出例句：Designs for the new sports hall are on display in the library.新体育馆的设计图展示在图书馆里
2.display n.展示；表演an act of performing a skill or of showing sth. happening, in order to entertain
a firework display 烟火表演
3．display n. （特征、情感或能力的）显示，表现an occasion when you show a particular quality, feeling or ability by the way that you behave
a display of affection/strength/wealth 爱的流露/实力的显示/财富的炫耀
4. display n.显示；显像
the words, pictures, etc. shown on a computer screen
a high resolution color display高分辨率彩色显示
display bin noun.陈列柜;减价货品柜
a box in a shop for displaying goods, especially goods whose prices have been reduced
dissolve verb.
1.dissolve verb.溶解to mix with a liquid and become part of it sth. dissolve in sth.某物溶解在某物中
例句：Salt dissolves in water. 盐溶解于水
Heat gently until the sugar dissolves. 慢慢加热直到糖溶解为止
2.dissolve verb.使(固体)溶解to make a solid become part of a liquid dissolve sth. in sth.使某物溶解在某物中
Dissolve the tablet in water. 把药片溶于水中
3.dissolve verb.解除（婚姻关系）；终止（商业协议）；解散（议会）
to officially end a marriage, business agreement or parliament
例句：Their marriage was dissolved in 1999.他们于1999年解除了婚姻关系The election was announced and parliament was dissolved.
宣布选举后，议会解散了
4.dissolve verb.消除；使消失to disappear; to make sth. disappear 例句：When the ambulance had gone, the crowd dissolved.
救护车离开后人群便散开了
dissolve sth.使某物消失
His calm response dissolved her anger. 他平静的回答化解了她的怒气
5.dissolve into laughter, tears ,etc.禁不住笑起来或哭起来
to suddenly start laughing ,crying, etc.
When the teacher looked up, the children dissolved into giggles.
教师抬头看时，孩子们不禁咯咯地笑起来
Every time she heard his name, she dissolved into tears.
每当听到他名字时，她都禁不住泪流满面
6.dissolve verb. （尤以化学手段）除去；毁掉；（被）破坏
to remove or destroy sth., especially by a chemical process; to be destroyed in this way
dissolution noun.
1.dissolution n.（婚姻关系的）解除；（商业协议的）终止；（议会的）解散the act of officially ending a marriage, a business agreement or a parliament
2.dissolution n.消失；消亡
the process in which sth. gradually disappears
the dissolution of barriers of class and race阶级和种族隔阂的消除
3.dissolution n.解体；瓦解the act of breaking up an organization，etc. dissolute adj. 放纵的；放荡的；道德沦丧的enjoying immoral activities and not caring about behaving in a morally acceptable way ensure verb.保证；担保；确保
to make sure that sth. happens or is definite
ensure sth.确保某事发生
The book ensured his success.这本书使他笃定会成功
ensure sb. sth.确保某人能完成某事
Victory ensured them a place in the final.战胜对手让他们晋级决赛ensure that确保……
Please ensure that all lights are switched.请确保将所有灯关掉
fleet noun. adj.
noun.
1.fleet n.舰队
a group of military ships commanded by the same person
2.fleet n.捕鱼船队
a fishing/whaling fleet 捕鱼/捕鲸船队
3.the fleet （一国的）全部军舰，海军
all the military ships of a particular country
a reduction in the size of the British fleet英国海军的裁减
4.fleet of sth.(同一机构或统一调度的)机群；车队
a group of planes, buses, taxis, etc. travelling together or owned by the same organization
the company’s new fleet of vans公司的新客货车队
adj.
fleet adj.跑得快的；快速的able to run fast
fleet of foot跑得快fleet-footed跑得快
fleeting adj.短暂的；闪现的lasting only a short time
a fleeting glimpse/smile短暂的一瞥；一闪即逝的微笑
a fleeting moment of happiness转瞬即逝的幸福时刻
We paid a fleeting visit to Paris. 我们短暂游览了巴黎
garner verb.
garner verb. 获得，得到，收集（信息、支持等）
to obtain or collect sth. such as information, support, etc.
garner sth.获得某物
辨析：gather acquire
impeccable adj.无错误的；无瑕疵的；完美的
without mistakes or faults
impeccable manners/taste无可挑剔的举止/品味
Her written English is impeccable. 她写的英语无可挑剔
He was dressed in a suit and an impeccable white shirt.
他身穿一套礼服和一件无可挑剔的白衬衫impeccably adv.无可挑剔地
to behave impeccably举止无可挑剔
impeccably dressed 穿着十分得体inadvertently adv.无意的；不经意的
by accident, without intending to
We had inadvertently left without paying the bill.我们无意中未付账就走了近义词：unintentionally
inadvertent adj.不经意的
aninadvertent omission不经意的疏忽
market noun. verb.
noun.
1.market n.集市；市场；商场
an occasion when people buy and sell goods; the open area or building where they meet to do this
a fruit/flower/antiques market水果/鲜花/古玩市场
an indoor/a street market室内/街头市场
marketstalls/traders集市货摊/商贩
We buy our fruit and vegetables at the market.我们在市场上购买水果和蔬菜a market town(英国定期举行集市贸易的)集镇a town in Britain where a regular market is or was held
2.market n. 交易；买卖；交易量
business or trade, or the amount of trade in a particular type of goods. the world market in coffee世界咖啡交易
They have increased their share of the market by 10%.
他们将其所占的市场份额增加了10%
the property/job market房地产/就业市场
They have cornered the market in sportswear.他们垄断了运动装的销售cornered the market in垄断了……的销售
3.market n.商品的销售地；行销地区；消费群体
a particular area, country or section of the population that might buy goods
the Japanese market 日本市场the global/domestic market全球/国内销售市场
4.market n.需求the number of people who want to buy sth.
a growing/declining market for second-hand cars扩大的/萎缩的二手车市场
近义词：demand
5.the market (处于竞争中的)市场经营者；市场
people who buy and sell goods in competition with each other
The market will decide if the TV station has any future.
电视台是否有前途取决于市场
a market-based/market-driven/market-led economy
以市场为基础的/市场推动的/市场引导的经济
the futures market期货市场a marketcrash股市暴跌
in the market for sth. 有意购买
I’m not in the market for a new car at the moment.我现在还不想买新车on the market出售；上市；有现货供应
to put your house on the market出售房屋
put sth. on the market出售某物
The house came on the market last year. 这栋房屋去年就上市了
on the open market敞开销售；自由买卖play the market买卖证券和股票market forces市场调节作用；市场力量market garden蔬菜市场market price市场价market research 市场调研
market share 市场占有率market value 市场价值marketing noun.
marketing n. 促销；营销；销售活动the activities of presenting, advertising and selling a company’s products in the best possible way
a marketing campaign促销活动
She works in sales and marketing. 她在市场营销部工作
verb.
market verb. 推销；促销to advertise and offer a product for sale; to presentsth. in a particular way and make people want to buy it
It is marketed as a low-alcohol wine 它作为一种低度酒投放市场
School meals need to be marketed to children in the same way as other food.
校餐也要以其他食品的推销方法推销给孩子
market leader noun.
1.market leader n. 同类商品最大的销售大户；市场份额的最大占有者
the company that sells the largest quantity of a particular kind of product 2.market leader n. 最畅销产品；同类商品中的佼佼者
a product that is the most successful of its kind marketplace noun.
1.the marketplace n. 市场竞争the activity of competing with other
companies to buy and sell goods, services, etc.
Companies must be able to survive in the marketplace.
公司必须有能力在市场竞争中生存下去
marketable adj.
marketable adj. 畅销的；容易出售的；有销路的
easy to sell, attractive to customers or employers
marketable products/skills/qualifications受欢迎的产品/技能/资历object noun. verb.
noun.
1.object n. 物体；物品；东西
a thing that can be seen and touched, but is not alive
everyday objects such as cups and saucers 诸如杯碟之类的日用品
2.object n. （极欲得到、研究、注意等的）对象
person or thing that sb. desire, studies, pays attention to, etc.
object of desire, study, attention, etc.
3. object n. 目的；宗旨；目标an aim or a purpose
Her sole object in life is to become a travel writer.
她人生的唯一目标就是当游记作家
The object is to educate people about road safety.
目的是教育人们注意交通安全
If you’re late, you’ll defeat the whole object of the exercise.
如果你迟到了，便不能达到整个活动的目的
4. object n. 宾语
a noun, noun phrase or pronoun that refers to a person or thing that is affected by the action of the verb, or that the action is done to or for expense, money, etc. is no object 费用不在话下；钱不是问题
used to say that you are willing to spend a lot of money
He always travels first class-expense is no object.
他总是坐头等舱旅行，从不计较花费多少
verb.
1.object verb. 不同意；不赞成；反对
to say that you disagree with, disapprove of or oppose sth.
object of sb./sth.反对某人/某事
Many local people object to the building of the new airport.
许多当地的居民反对兴建新机场
If nobody objects, we’ll postpone the meeting till next week.
如果没有人反对，我们就把会议推迟到下周
object to doing sth./sb. doing sth. 反对做某事/某人做某事
I really object to being charged for parking. 我非常反对收停车费
2.object that……抗辩说；提出……作为反对理由
to give sth. as a reason for opposing sth.
He objected that the police had arrested him without sufficient evidence.
他抗辩说警察没有充分的证据就逮捕了他
近义词：protest
objectification noun.
人格物化（把人当成没有权利或感情的物体）
the act of treating people as if they are objects, without rights or feelings objectify verb.
objectify verb. 将……物化；将……人格物化
magazines that objectify the women 将妇女人格物化的杂志objection noun.反对的理由；反对；异议
a reason why you do not like or are opposed to sth.; a statement about this
I have no objection to him coming to say. 我不反对他来小住
I‘d like to come too, if you have no objection.如果你不反对，我也想来The main objection to the plan was that it would cost too much.
反对这个计划的主要理由是费用过高
to raise an objection to sth.对某事提出异议
The proposal will go ahead despite strong objections from the public. 尽管公众强烈反对，这项提案仍将付诸实施
No objection was raised at the time. 当时没人提出异议(提出异议的人) objectionable adj.令人不快的；令人反感的；讨厌的unpleasant or offensive
objectionable people/odours讨厌的人/气味
Why are you so objectionable today? 你今天怎么这么别扭objector noun.反对者
a person who objects to sth.
There were no objectors to the plan.没有人反对这个计划objective noun. adj.
noun.
objective n.目标；目的something that you are trying to achieve
the main/primary/principal objective主要/首要/重要目标
to meet/achieve your objective达到/实现你的目标
You must set realistic aims and objectives for yourself.
你必须给自己确定切实可行的目的和目标
The main objective of this meeting is to give more information on our
plans. 这次会议的主要目的是进一步介绍我们的规划
adj.
1.objective adj.客观的；就事论事的；不带个人感情的
not influenced by personal feeling or opinions; considering only facts an objective analysis/assessment/report 客观的分析/评价/报告objective criteria 客观标准
I find it difficult to be objective where he’s concerned.
只要涉及他，我就难以保持客观
2.objective adj.客观存在的；基于事实的
existing outside the mind; based on facts that can be proved objective reality 客观事实
3.objective adj.宾格的
the objective case is the one which is used for the object of a sentence objectively adv.客观地with objectivity
Look at objectively, the situation is not too bad. 客观地看，局面并不算太糟
Can these effects be objectively measured？这些结果能客观地衡量吗？objectivity noun.
There was a lack of objectivity in the way the candidates were judged. 对候选人的评定缺乏客观性
a scientific objectivity科学的客观性
近义词：subjectivity
option noun. verb.
noun.
1.option n. 可选择的事物；选择；选择权；选择自由something that you can
choose to have or do; the freedom to choose what you do
As I see it, we have two options...... 据我看，我们有两种选择
There are various options open to you. 你有多种选择
I had no option but to ask him to leave. 我别无选择，只有请他离开
have no option but to = have to 别无选择只有……（做某事）Students have the option of studying abroad in their second year.
学生在二年级时可以选择出国学习
have the option of doing sth. 能够选择做某事
A savings plan that gives you the option to vary your monthly payments. 一项允许可调每月存款额度的储蓄
option to do sth. 可以做某事
This particular model comes with a wide range of options.
这一型号的货品有很多选择
come with a wide range of options 有很多种选择
keep/leave your option open 保留选择余地；暂不决定
They are anxious that the new course should not be seen as soft option.他们盼望新办法不会被视为捷径
the soft/easy option捷径
He decided to take the easy option and give them what they wanted. 他决定顺水推舟，他们要什么就给什么
SYN：choice alternative
2.option n. 选修课a subject that a student can choose to study, but that
they do not have to do
The course offers options in design and computing.
这一课程开了设计和计算机技术的选修科目
3.option n. 买卖选择权the right to buy or sell sth.
We have an option on the house. 我们有权购买这所房子
He has promised me first option on his car.
他答应我可以优先买他的汽车
first option on sth. 优先购买某物的权利
The property is for rent with an option to buy at any time.
这房子供出租，但可随时买下
4.option n. 选项；选择
one of the choices you can make when using a computer program Choose the ‘Cut’option from the Edit menu.
从编辑选单上选“剪切”项
verb.
option verb.购买（或出售）……的选择权
to buy or sell the right to own or use sth.
The novel has been optioned for the screen by his production company. 这部小说改编成影视作品的权利已经被他的制作公司买下了optional adj.可选择的；选修的
that you can choose to do or have if you want to
Certain courses are compulsory; others are optional.
有些课程是必修的，其他是选修的
This model comes with a number of optional extras. （=things you can choose to have but which you will have to pay extra for）
这一型号有一系列可供选择的附件，价格另计
priority noun.
1.priority n.优先事项；最重要的事情；首要事情
something that you think is more important than other things and should be dealt with first
a high/low priority 重点/非重点项目
Education is a top priority. 教育是当务之急
Our first priority is a improve standards. 我们的头等大事是提高标准Financial security was high on his list of priorities.
在他的心目中，金融安全是十分重要的
You need to get your priorities right. 你需要把个人事情的轻重缓急分清楚2.priority n. 优先；优先权the most important place among various
things that have to be done or among a group of people
priority over sth.
Club members will be given priority. 俱乐部成员享有优先权
The search for a new vaccine will take priority over all other medical research. 研制新的疫苗将排在其他一切医学研究之前
take priority over all other thing 被安排在所有其他事情之前
Priority cases, such as homeless families, get dealt with first.
优先事项，比如无住房家庭的问题，得到优先处理productive
adj.
1.productive adj.生产的；（尤指）多产的
Highly productive farming land 高产农田productive workers 高效工人OPP: unproductive
3.productive adj. 有效益的；富有成效的doing or achieving a lot
a productive meeting 有成效的会议
My time spent in the library was very productive.
我花在图书馆的时间非常有收获
OPP: counterproductive SYN: fruitful
4.productive of sth. 导致；唤起resulting in sth. or causing sth.
a play productive of the strongest emotions唤起强烈感情的一出戏
productively adv.
to use land more productively更有效地利用土地
It’s important to spend your time productively.更重要的是有效利用时间productivity noun.生产率；生产效率
the rate at which a worker, a company or a country produces goods, and the amount produced, compared with how much time, work and money is needed to produce them
high/improved/increased productivity高的/提高了的/增长了的生产率Wage rates depend on levels of productivity. 工资水平取决于生产量的多寡radiate
verb.
1.radiate verb. 显出；流露if a person radiates a particular quality or
emotion, or if it radiates from them, people can see it very clearly He radiated self-confidence and optimism. 他显得自信乐观
radiate sth. / sth. radiate from sb.流露出某情感/某人身上流露出的情感2.radiate verb.辐射；放射；发射if sth. radiates heat, light or energy, etc.
radiates from it, the heat is sent out in all directions
Heat radiates from the stove. 炉子的热向外散发
3.radiate+ adv./prep. 自中心辐射出；向周围伸展
to spread out in all direction from a central point
Five roads radiate from the square. 五条道路由广场向外延伸
The pain started in my stomach and radiated all over my body.
我起初只是肚子疼，后来全身都疼
radiation noun.
1.radiation n.辐射；放射线powerful and very dangerous ray that are
sent out from radioactive substances
high level/doses of radiation that damages cells 损害细胞的高强度辐射
a radiation leak from a nuclear power station 核电站的辐射泄露
2.radiation n.辐射的热
heat, energy, etc. thatis sent out in the form of rays
ultraviolet radiation紫外线辐射
3.radiation n. 放射疗法
the treatment of cancer and other diseases using radiation reinforce verb.
1.reinforce verb.加强；充实；使更强烈
make a feeling, an idea, etc. stronger
Such jokes tend to reinforce racial stereotypes.
这样的笑话往往进一步加深对种族的模式化观念
The climate of political confusion has only reinforced the country’s
economic decline. 政局混乱只是加速了国家经济的衰退
Success in the talks will reinforce his reputation as an international statesman. 谈判成功将会增强他作为国际政治家的声望
reinforce one’s reputation as增强某人作为…的声望
2.reinforce verb.加固；使更加结实to make a structure or material
stronger, especially by adding another material to it
All buildings are now reinforced to withstand earthquakes. 所以建筑先都已加固，以抗地震
reinforced steel抗震钢材reinforced concrete钢筋混凝土
3.reinforce verb. 给…加强力量；使更强大to send more people or
equipment in order to make an army, etc. stronger
The UN has undertaken to reinforce its military presence along the borders.联合国已经着手增强边境驻军reinforcement noun.
1.reinforcement n.援军；增援警力extra soldiers or police officers who
are sent to a place because more are needed
to send in reinforcement 派出增援部队
2.reinforcement n. (感情或思想等的)巩固；强化；加强the act of making
sth. stronger, especially a feeling or an idea
retain verb.
1.retain verb.持有；保留；继续拥有to keep sth. ; to continue to have sth. to retain sth. 保留某物to retain your independence 保持独立Hestruggled to retain control of the situation.他努力保持对局势的控制The house retains much of its original charm.
这所房子保留了许多原有的魅力
She retained her tennis title for the third year.
她第三年保住了网球冠军的头衔
2.retain verb.保持；继续容纳to continue to hold or contain sth.
a soil that retains moisture 保持水分的土壤
This information is no longer retained within the computer’s main memory. 该数据已不再保留在计算机的主存储器中
She has a good memory and finds it easy to retain facts. 她记忆力好，很容易记住事情
3.retain verb.聘请（律师等）if a member of the public retains sb. such
as a lawyer, he or she pays money regularly or in advance so the lawyer, etc. will do work for him or her
a retaining fee 给委托律师的预付辩护费
to retain the services of a lawyer 聘定律师
retainer noun.
1.retainer n.预付费用；保留金a sum of money that is paid to sb. to make
sure they will be available to do work when they are needed
The agency will pay you a monthly retainer. 这个机构将会每月付给你聘金2.retainer n.(为保留租房而付的)租房订金a small amount of rent that
you pay for a room, etc. when you are not there in order to keep it available for your use
3.retainer n.固位体；保持器ade vice that keeps a person’s teeth
straight after they have treatment
4.retainer n.仆人；家仆a servant, especially one who has been with a
family for a long time
superficial adj.
1.superficial adj.粗略的；肤浅的；粗枝大叶的；浅薄的
not studying or looking at sth. thoroughly; seeing only what is obvious a superficial analysis 粗略的分析
The book shows only a superficial understanding of the historical context.
这部书表现出对历史背景肤浅的理解
2.superficial adj.表面的；外面的；外表的appearing to be true, real or
important until you look at it more carefully
superficial differences/ similarities 表面的相异/相似之处
When you first meet her, she gives a superficial impression of warmth and friendliness. 初次见面时，她总给人以热情亲切的表面印象
3.superficial adj.表层的；表皮的(伤口或损坏)
only affecting the surface andtherefore not serious
a superficial injury 皮外伤superficial burns 表面烧伤
a superficial deposit of sth. 沉积在表层的某物4．superficial adj.浅薄的；肤浅的
A superficial friendship 浅薄的交情
The guest engaged in superficial chatter. 客人闲聊起来
She’s so superfici al！她太肤浅了！valedictory adj.告别的；告辞的
connected with saying goodbye, especially at a formal occasion a valedictory speech告别演讲
a valedictory medal 校长奖章。