介词和动词的固定搭配
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介词和动词的固定搭配:
同一动词和不一样介词的搭配:
look at ( 看 ) look for ( 找寻 ) look after ( 照料 ) look over ( 检查 ) look (a)round ( 环顾 ) arrive in + 大地方(抵达 ) arrive at+ 小地方(抵达 )
hear of ( 听闻 ) hear from ( 收到的来信 )
spend +钱 +on sth ( 花费做某事 )spend+时间 +(in) doing sth. ( 花时间做某事)
同一介词和不一样动词的搭配:
ask for ( 要求 )leave for ( 起程去 )send for ( 派人去请 )pay for ( 付钱 )wait for ( 等待 )
agree with sb ( 赞同某人 )begin with ( 以开始 )help with ( 在方面帮助 )
catch up with ( 追上 )get on / along with (与相处)make friends with ( 与交朋友 ) play with ( 玩 )
其余的介词和动词的搭配:
listen to ( 听 )come from ( 来自 )fall off ( 从上摔下 )try out ( 试验 )
knock at / on ( 敲 )prefer to 比起( 来仍是好 )learn by oneself ( 自学 )
take care of ( 照料 )stop(from) doing (阻挡做某事 )help oneself to+ 食品(随意吃 )
fill with 在(里装满 / 充满 )laugh at ( 嘲讽 )worry about ( 为担忧 )
write to ( 写信给 )try on ( 试穿 ,试戴 )
介词和形容词的常有搭配:
be good at =do well in ()
be weak in ()be good for (
)
be bad for ()be late for ()be sorry for (,)be full of ()
be busy with ( ) be angry with sb. ( ) be angry at/about (for doing) sth. ( ) be afraid of ( ) be interested in ( ) be different from ( ) be strict with sb. ( ) be strict in sth.( ) be famous for ( ) be/ get ready for ( )
"the":
by bike/car/bus/train/plane/air/land/road etc.
on foot () at night () at work () at breakfast/lunch/supper (, ,) day after day () at times () in surprise () on fire ()
1)at once
2)at last
3)at first
4)at the age of
5)at the end of
6)at the beginning of
7)at the foot of
8)at the same time
9)at night/noon/
10)with one's help
11)with the help of在的帮助下
12)with a smile面带笑脸
13)with one's own eyes亲眼看见
14)after a while过了一会儿
15)from now on从此刻起
16)from then on从那时起
17)far example比如
18)far away from远离
19)from morning till night从早到晚
20)by and by不久
21)by air mail寄航空邮件
22)by bike/air/train/bus骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车
23)by ordinary mail寄平信
24)by the way趁便说
25)by the window在窗边
26)by the end of到底为止
27)little by little渐渐地
28)in all总合
29)in fact事实上
30)in one's twenties在某人二十几岁时
31)in a hurry
32)in the middle of
33)in no time (in a minute)
34)in time (on time)
35)in public
36)in order to
37)in front of
38)in the sun
39)in the end
40)in surprise
41)in turn
42)of course
43)a bit (of)
44)a lot of
45)a little
46)on one's way to
47)on foot
48)a talk on space
49)on the other hand
50)at/on the weekend
51)on the left (right)在左(右)边
52)on the other side of在另一边
53)on the radio经过收音机(无线电广播)
54)to one's joy使快乐的是
55)to one's surprise使惊讶的是
1.表示时间的介词及介词短语
in, at, on, before ,after ,till ,since,for, fromto, until , by ,in the middle of ,at the beginning of, at the end of ,at half past five ,at night ,in a week ,in the morning ,in class,at sunrise ,in spring/summer/autumn/winter ,on Sunday,on Saturday afternoon ,on a winter evening , for a long time ,for two months ,after school ,since liberation ,before lunch ,at the time of , at the age of 。
2.表示地址的介词及介词短语
in, at, into , to , on,beside , before , behind , above, under ,
outside,inside,up,from,far,from,near,across , off , down , among , past , between ,out of,around , in the front of , in the middle of , at the back of ,at the foot of , at home , at the gate ,at the table ,in the sky , on the ground ,in a tree , in the south ,in the sun ,in the bed, on on e’ s way home, by the side of 。
3.介词和各种词搭配组成的介词短语
1) .介词与动词搭配
arrive in / at 抵达ask for 要,恳求do well in 在方面做得好give in 投诚 go on 持续
hear from 收到来信hear of 听闻help's sth. 帮助做
laugh at 嘲讽learn from向学习leave for 走开一地去另一地
talk to 与讲话go in for 从事,致力于
put up 穿上,挂上take down 拿下,取了look at (存心识地)看speak to 对某人说
send for 派人去请shout at 高声叫唤,吼叫take away 拿走,带走think of 考虑,关怀turninto把变为wait for等候,等候take off 脱下,腾飞
turn on / off 翻开(关上)listen to 听look after 照料,照看
look for 找寻look like看上去像get to抵达point to指着
fill with充满,装满begin with 以开始deal / do with 处理,对待
meet with有时遇到,遭受pass on 传达
belong to 属于write to写信给call on呼吁,接见,邀请die of 死于
depend on 依靠,依靠smile at 向浅笑believe in 相信look out 向四下看,各处看
2) .介词与名词搭配
in time 实时in bed 卧床in life 一世中on time 准时,准时
in front of 在前方on foot 步行by bus 乘公共汽车at home 在家in English 用英语in the middle 在中间
at night 在夜晚at noon 在正午at hospital在医院with a smile带着浅笑
of course 自然(能够)in a hurry 仓促,赶忙in a minute一会儿by the way 趁便谈谈/问
问
at first 第一,开初at last 最后,终于at the meeting在会上at least 起码on one ’ s way to 在的路上
in the sun 在阳光下in a tree 在树上in surprise 惊诧地at once 马上,马上at the foot of
在脚下
at all 压根儿at dinner 在吃正餐at the table 在桌子旁at work 在工作
at school 在学校at the back of 在后边
at the beginning of在开始at the end of在结尾at the same time同时,但是by hand 用手,手工,亲手
by the end of 到结束时by train 乘火车 day by day 日复一日one by one 一个接一个
by spaceship 乘坐宇宙飞船in a low voice 高声地in a word 总而言之,一句话in trouble 处于窘境
in fact 事实上in the street在街上in the end最后,终于in space 在空间
in no time 马上,很快in order 按次序,齐整,正常in order to 为了,以便in the day 在白天
in line 成向来线 in a short while不久in all 总合,总计in town在城里in silence 不作声
out of breath上气不接下气out of sight 消逝,看不见on duty 值日on the left / right 在左/右侧
on the one handon the other hand一方面另一方面on the other side of在的另一边
on top of 在顶上in the distance 在远处in public 当众,公然地out of work失业
on the radio 经过无线电广播to this day 直到今日to one’ s surprise/joy使某人惊讶/快乐
3)介词与形容词、过去分词和动词等搭配
be born in 出生于be good at善于be made of由制成
be angry with s B.对某人生气be angry at sth.为某事生气be pleased with s B.对某人感
到满意
be satisfied with sth. 对某事感觉满意be surprised at 对感觉惊诧 / 惊诧be tired of 讨
厌/厌烦
be interested in对感兴趣be proud of 以为骄傲 / 骄傲be full of 充满
take / catch hold of 抓住be sure of 确信take part in参加
break into闯进take care of 照料,关怀,保存
be busy with 忙于be strict with 对严格要求
catch up with跟上,追上have nothing to do with与没关
go to school 上学go to bed / sleep 睡觉give a lesson to 给上课
go to the cinema去看电影be kind to s B. 对某人友善say hello to 向问好look forward to 期望,期望
keep out of 不让进入go on strike 停工be used to 习惯于
4.看似同样,但意义有其他词组
英语中有一些介词词组和动词词组,它们从形式上看仿佛基真同样,但在乎义上却截然相
反。
假如我们在记忆上对这种词组不加以重视,使用时就很简单望文生义,甚至张冠李戴。
为此,把这种词组概括以下:
1) .介词词组
(1) at table 在进餐at the table在桌子旁(=beside the desk)
(2) at desk 在念书或造作业at the desk 在书桌旁
(3) at school 在校上学(指学生)at the school 在学校(赐教员工)
(4) in front of the bus在公共汽车的前方(不在车上 ) in the front of the bus在公共汽车的前部(在车上 )
(5) at sea 在航海中at the sea 在海边
(6)by day 白日 by the day 按日,论日
(7)behind time 误期 behind the time 落伍于时代
(8) in class 在上课,在课内in the class 在这个班
(9) in bed卧床,在睡觉in the bed 在床上
(10) in prison 坐牢in the prison 在牢狱
(11) in red 衣着红色的衣服in the red 欠债,损失
(12) in hospital住院(指病人)in the hospital (因事)在医院
(13) in office 在办公,执政in the office 在办公室
(14) in secret 奥密,私下in the secret 参入奥密,参入阴谋
(15) in place of取代,而不是in the place of在地方
(16)in case of 万一,假如 in the case of 就来说,至于
(17)of age 成年人 of an age 同龄人
(18)out of office 辞职 out of the office 离创办公室
(19)out of prison (因犯法)出狱 out of the prison (因事)从牢狱出来
(20) out of question毫无疑问out of the question不行能,办不到
2) .含有介词的动词词组
(1)come out of hospital (病好)出院 come out of the hospital (因事)从医院里出来
(2)come out of prison (刑满)开释 come out of the prison (因事)从牢狱里出来
(3)go to school 去上学 go to the school (因事)去学校
(4) go to college 上大学go to the/a college去一所学校(做事)
(5) go to bed 上床睡觉go to the bed 去床边
(6) go to hospital去住院go to the hospital (因事)去医院
(7) go to prison 去坐牢go to the prison (因事)去牢狱
(8) go to sea 当船员go to the sea 去海边
(9) go to court 起诉go to the court (因事)去法庭
(10) go to church 做星期go to the church (因事)去教堂
(11)keep house 管理家务 keep the house 守在家里
(12)take place 发生 take the place 取代
3) .有无冠词,意义无多大区其他介词词组
(1)at(the)most 至多
(2)at(the)first 开初
(3)all(the)day 成天
(4)catch(a)cold 感冒
(5)in(the)future 未来
(6) in(the)memory of纪念
(7)go to(the)office 上班,去办公室
(8) go to(the)market赶集,去市场
(9)on(a)holiday 在度假
(10) (the)day before yesterday前天
(11) (the)most of大部分
(12) with (a)smiling face面带浅笑。