2021广东省高三英语学业水平合格考试总复习教师用书：第1部分 Book 3 Unit 4 Ast

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Book 3Unit 4Astronomy：the science of the stars
［学考语基闯关］
一、核心单词
1．system n．系统；体系；制度
2．globe n. 球体；地球仪；地球
3．satellite n。

卫星
4．climate n。

气候
5．thus adv。

因此;于是
6．gentle adj. 温和的；文雅的
7．crash vi.&vt. 碰撞;坠落
8．pull n．&vt. 拉(力）；拖；牵引力
9．float vi。

&vt。

（使）浮动;(使)漂浮
n。

漂浮物
10．theory n．学说；理论→theoretical adj.理论的，理论性的11．unlike prep。

与……不同；不像→like vt.喜欢prep。

相像的→likely adj。

可能的
12．violent adj。

猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→violence n．暴力→violently adv.暴力地；猛烈地
13．harmful adj.有害的→harm n．&v。

伤害→harmless adj.无害的
14．exist vi.存在；生存→existence n．存在；生存
15．puzzle vi.＆vt.(使)迷惑;（使)为难n．谜；难题→puzzled
adj.迷惑不解的→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的
●语境运用（用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．He found something floating(float) on the lake。

2．The number of known satellites （satellite） in the solar system rose to 36.
3．I am puzzled（puzzle) about what to do.
4．She just blamed it all on the systems(system） of the country。

5．The sun gently（gentle） shines through the leaves.
6．It’s unlike (like）him to be late.He’s usually on time。

7．A report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult（侮辱)．(violent) 8．The factory gives off harmful gases.They may do harm to our health.（harm）
9．Do you believe the existence of ghosts？Perhaps they only exist in the minds of some people。

(exist)
二、重点短语
1．in time 及时；终于
2．get the hang of 熟悉；掌握；理解
3．give birth to 产生；分娩
4．in one’s turn 轮到某人
5．prevent。

.。

from 阻止；制止
6．cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋
7．now that 既然
8．break out 突发；爆发
9．watch out for 密切注意；当心；提防
10．block out 挡住(光线)
●语境运用(用上述短语的适当形式填空）
1．Press the button when the light goes on，and you'll soon get the hang of it。

2．A fighting between the two friends broke out,ending the friendship kept for many years。

3．He cheered up at once when I promised to help him.
4．They got to the airport by taxi just in time for their flight.
5．Now that you’ve passed your test，you can drive on your own。

三、经典句式
1．The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not。

（whether。

or not“是否……”）2．This produced a chain reaction，which made it possible for life to develop.
（句中的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语to develop）3．But when I tried to step forward，I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.（“twice as＋形容词原级＋as"是倍数表达法之一)
4．“Oh，dear，”I cried，“walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed。

"(now that“既然；由于”，引导原因状语从句，有时that可以省略）
●语境运用(用上述句型结构仿写下列句子）
1．他们是否能够通过沟通达成协议还不清楚。

It's not clear whether they are able to arrive at an agreement through communication or not．
2．这份报纸中所包含的国内国际新闻让我们了解一周来发生的大事成为可能.
Both national and international news in this newspaper make it possible for us to learn all important things that have happened during the week.
3．杰西卡付出的是以前三倍的时间和精力，所以我相信她这次能成功.
Jessica devoted three times as much time and energy as she did before，so I believe she will succeed this time。

4．你既然得到了一个机会,不妨充分利用它。

Now that you’ve got a chance，you might as well make full use of it。

[综合技能提升］
一、单元语法专练（主语从句）
用主语从句改写下列句子
1．Is he coming or not？It is still uncertain。

It is still uncertain whether he is coming or not．
2．Why did he do it？It remains a mystery.
Why he did it remains a mystery。

3．He has made a very important discovery in chemistry.It is true。

It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry．
4．Such a thing happened in your class。

It was a pity。

It was a pity that such a thing happened in your class。

5．The thing that you need is more practice。

What you need is more practice.
二、情景交际(态度）
1．—Do you mind if I open the window?
— I feel a bit cold。

A．Of course not. B．I'd rather you didn’t.
C．Go ahead。

D．Why not?
2．-What do you want to do next？We have half an hour until the basketball game.
—．Whatever you want to do is fine with me。

A．It just depends B．It’s up to you
C．All right D．Glad to hear that
【答案】1。

B 2。

B
三、教材语法填空
根据P25－26课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

At the very beginning，the earth was just a cloud of 1.energetic（energy）dust.Then the dust combined into a ball moving around the sun。

After that，it exploded loudly with fire and rock,2。

producing (produce) water vapour，carbon dioxide，nitrogen and other gases，3.which in the end made the earth’s
atmosphere。

Then the earth cooled down,and water，one of the earth’s special qualities，appeared and stayed on the earth，which made 4.it possible for life to begin 5。

to develop （develop）．Some small plants growing in the water appeared on the earth's surface，6.followed （follow) by land animals，7.including （include)insects，amphibians，reptiles and the most important animals 8。

called (call) dinosaurs。

Finally dinosaurs disappeared all of a sudden and some small clever animals with hands and feet appeared and spread all 9.over the earth。

In place of dinosaurs they became 10.the most important animals on the planet—that is，human beings。

四、书面表达(说明文）
为了帮助中学生健康成长，某中学英文报开辟了“HEART­TO­HEART"专栏。

假设你是该栏目的编辑Jamie，收到一封署名为Worried的求助信.信中该同学向你诉说了自己的困扰：近日容易发脾气,使正常的学习和生活受到了影响.请用英文给该同学写一封回信。

内容要点如下:
1．表示理解并给予安慰；
2．提出建议并说明理由。

注意：
1．词数90左右;
2．信中不能出现与本人相关的信息；
3．信的开头与结尾已为你拟好，不计入总词数.
参考词汇:temper n．脾气，情绪
Hi Worried，
I'm sorry to know that you’re having such a bad time at the moment。

Yours,
Jamie [参考范文]
Hi Worried,
I’m sorry to know that you're having such a bad time at the moment.As we know，nobody is perfect，so you shouldn’t worry too much.Here are three useful tips：
First,talk to someone you trust about how you feel。

This is a good way of letting your anger out without hurting others or yourself.Second,go outdoors and play team games with your friends as physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger。

And third，remain optimistic about your future.Such a positive attitude towards life can be helpful in lifting your spirits。

I hope you'll soon feel calmer and carry on as normal。

Yours,
Jamie。