2019年届高考英语复习课件：非谓语动词(共70页)语文

5）不定式作状语。 状语的形式很多，有目的、结果、原因、 条件、让步、比较、方式、伴随等，但目 的、结果 要用不定式。
目的状语还可用
in order to 或so as to来表示. 结果状语还可用
so…as to…, such…as to…, enough to…, too…to…, only to…等结构 来表示
I’m only too glad to stay at home.
It’s never too old to learn.
不定式的时态与语态：
1）一般式：不定式表示的动作常与谓语的动作同 时（或几乎同时）发生，或在它之后发生。
I saw him go out.
I plan to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow. 2）进行式：不定式表示的动作正在进行。
命题规律
1.主要考查的是非谓语的一些最基本的用法。 题目的设置注重情景化和结构复杂化，这 样就加大了考生对题干句的理解难度。
2．从设问的角度来看，近年来呈现出多样 化趋势，不仅仅是非谓语间的互相干扰。
命题趋势
通过对近几年高考试题研究，不容置疑，高 考将继续加强对非谓语动词的考查，试题 的特征将继续呈现出“情景化”和“设问 角度的多样化”的趋势。
3)不定式作宾语： 有些及物动词常用不定式作宾语。常见的 动词有：
want, demand, hope, wish, expect; like, hate; start, begin; fail, help, offer, try, manage, pretend, forget, remember, promise, prepare, learn, agree, plan, determine, prefer, intend, etc.
2)不定式作表语 1. Her work is ______( look )after the children. 2. My aim is ______( go ) to TsingHua University. 3. She seemed ______( think ) about the problem. 4. They appeared _____( agree ) with what we said. 不定式作be动词的表语时可以和主语部分 调换，说明主语的内容。
7) mean to do sth. mean doing sth. If it means _____( delay ) more than a week, I’ll not wait. I mean _____( go ), and nothing can stop me.
动名词与不定式的不同含义： be afraid to do 不敢、害怕、胆怯去
做某事 be afraid of doing 担心、恐怕出现
2) forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（未做） forget doing sth.忘记做过了某事（已 做）
The light in the office is off. It was she
5) regret to do sth. 遗憾地说/告诉… regret doing sth. 后悔做了… I regret _____( go ) to his home town. I regret _____( tell ) you the truth.
6)try to do sth. try doing sth. You must try _____( do ) it again. Let’s try _____( do ) the work in some other way.
不定式中作结果状语的注意点：
1）某些形容词在“too…to…”结构中表示肯定， 这类词是：anxious, eager, glad, ready, surprised, willing…
She was too surprised to see how angry her father was. 2）在not, never, only, all, but等后的”too…to…” 结构中，”too”的含义为”very”，不定式没有否定 含义。
不定式
1)不定式做主语： 位置 1 放在句首（主语的位置）
2 用形式主语it,不定式后置
To see is to believe. It’s important to learn English well.
不定式的复合结构
如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的， 可以在不定式前加一个由for 引起的短 语。
不定式在作表语/ 补语的形容词后面作 状语，用主动形式表被动意思。
This question is difficult _____ (answer). Do you think him easy_____ (work) with? We find this rule hard _____ (remember).
2．动名词作表语 .动名词作表语与主语是对等的关系，表示主
语的内容，主语常是无生命名词或what引 导的名词性从句。
1. Her work is ______( look )after the
children.
2. My aim is ______( go ) to TsingHua
University.
remember doing sth.记着做了某事 （已做）
Do you remember ______(meet) me at a party last year?
You must remember ______( leave) tomorrow.
4) stop to do sth. stop doing sth.
It is easy for the students to read.
It will be a mistake for us to help you.
下列形容词作表语时，不定式前常加一 个of 引起的短语，这些形容词是： (表评价性的，来说明逻辑主语的性质， 特征，属性）
kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, stupid, foolish, wrong, right, careless, rude, polite, naughty etc.
It’s kind of you to think so much of us. It’s unwise of him to leave home at once. It ‘s wrong of him to speak bad behind others. It’s foolish of him to do so.
He seldom comes except to look at my pictures.
We have no choice but to wait outside.
They could do nothing but ask for help.
4)不定式作定语
He thought out a plan _____ (punish) Tom. He is always the last _____ (come) to office Please give me a knife _____ (cut) with.
He didn’t know what to say.
How to solve the problem is important.
My question is when to start.
不定式与动名词的区别： 不定式作主语时经常表示具体动作，而动 名词作ating too much fat. It’s not good for you to eat so much fat.
作定语的不定式如是不及物动词，不定 式后面须有相应的介词。
用不定式代替下边句子中的定语从句
He was the first person that came to the classroom this morning.
Do you have anything that you want to say? Here are some books that you can read.
who turned it off, but she herself forgot _______( turn ) it off.
The light in the office is still on. She forgot ______(turn )it off.
3)remember to do sth.记着去做某事（未 做）
To tell (you) the truth, he doesn’t agree with you. To begin with, Beijing is a very beautiful city.
不定式与疑问词who, which, when, where, how, what 等连用，在句中起 名词作用，可充当主语，表语，宾 语等。
He found it important to study Russian.
The computer makes it possible to calculate faster.
不定式一般不能作介词的宾语，只有在 极少数介词如 ：but, except等后才行， 此时不定式可带to 或不带to.
I’m very glad to be working with you. 3）完成式不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.
The article is said to have been read by many people.
不定式作独立成分。
解题思路 ① 解析句子结构，确定设空在句子中的功 能（如作主语、定语或宾补）； ② 找准相关动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词 与逻辑主语是什么关系从而来确定非谓语 动词的语态。 （主动还是被动）； ③ 搜索句子中相关的时间信息，确定非谓 语动词的恰当形式； ④ 将该选项置入空中，看是否能够做到字 从意顺，或是否能传达有效信息、完成交 际任务。
高考非谓语动词
一、性质：它具有动词的特点可 以有自己的宾语和状语，有时态 语态的变化，但它在句子中起着 名词、形容词、副词的作用，充 当主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾 语补足语、状语的作用，即：除 谓语以外一切成分。
非谓语动词的句法功能
非谓语动词的考点
1、谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别； 2、非谓语动词作定语； 3、非谓语动词作主语和表语； 4、非谓语动词作宾语； 5、非谓语动词作宾补； 6、非谓语动词作状语； 7、非谓语动词的时态语态。
① She pretended not to see me when I passed by.
② We agreed to meet here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.
如作宾语的不定式有自己的补语，须用 先行词it作form object，而将真正的宾 语----不定式后置。 think, find, feel, consider, make…
3. One of my bad habits is ______(bite ) nails（指甲）
3．动名词作宾语
mecafps+doing (mind, miss, excuse, enjoy, escape consider, admit(承认)， advise, appreciate=enjoy, avoid, finish, face, practise, suggest, stop, delay, imagine, include, keep, quit, resist, risk, understand, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, etc. 以及介词后接动名词doing