2022年考研考博-考博英语-西北大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：83

2022年考研考博-考博英语-西北大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析
AB卷（带答案）
一.综合题(共15题)
1.
单选题
Nowadays very few people are willing to be nurses, so I think it's extremely important for us to improve the （）of the nursing profession.
问题1选项
A.inquiry
B.status
C.finance
D.dilemma
【答案】B
【解析】inquiry探究，调查，质询; status地位，状态，情形，重要身份；finance 财政，金融；dilemma 困境，进退两难。

句意：现在很少有人愿意做护士，所以我认为提高护理专业的身份地位对我们来说是非常重要的。

选项B更符合语境。

2.
单选题
In the face of an uncooperative Congress, the Chief Executive may find himself （）to accomplish the political program to which he is committed.
问题1选项
A.neutral
B.impotent
C.impudent
D.pious
【答案】B
【解析】neutral 中立的；impotent无力的，无效的；impudent鲁莽的，无礼的；pious虔诚的，尽责的。

句意：面对不合作的国会，行政长官可能会发现自己无力完成他所承诺的政治计划。

选项B符合句意。

3.
单选题
Electrical energy may be separated into two （）components as positive and negative.
问题1选项
A.specialized
B.told
C.specified
D.said
【答案】C
【解析】specialize使专门化；使适应特殊情况；specify指定，详细说明，列举。

句意：电能可分为正负两种指定的部分。

选项C符合句意。

4.
单选题
For several years the lives of the two old ladies continued to revolve in intimate enmity around each other.
问题1选项
panionship
B.hospitality
C.amiability
D.hostility
【答案】D
【解析】句意：几年来，这两位老太太的生活一直围绕着彼此的恩怨而转。

enmity意为敌意，憎恨。

companionship 友谊，伴侣；hospitality 殷勤，好客；amiability 和蔼可亲，友善；hostility 敌意，敌对。

选项D与之意思相近。

5.
单选题
He was raging inside, but he held himself in.
问题1选项
A.stayed indoors
B.tried hard to forget it
C.controlled himself
D.calmed down
【答案】C
【解析】hold oneself in意为约束，抑制。

stayed indoors 待在室内；tried hard to forget it 努力忘记；controlled himself 控制自己；calmed down 平静下来，镇定下来。

选项C与之意思相近。

6.
单选题
I argued with Morton until the wee hours of the morning, but he remained （）in his refusal to finance the project. 问题1选项
A.subdued
B.generous
C.obstinate
D.courteous
【答案】C
【解析】subdued减弱的，被制服的；generous 慷慨的，大方的；obstinate 顽固的，倔强的；courteous 有礼貌的，谦恭的。

句意：我和Morton争论到深夜，但他仍然固执地拒绝资助这个项目。

选项C符合句意。

7.
单选题
Large areas of Alaskan land remain desolate due to harsh climate.
问题1选项
A.inaccessible
B.immature
C.parched
D.stark
【答案】D
【解析】句意：由于气候恶劣，阿拉斯加的大片土地仍然荒凉。

desolate意为“荒凉的，无人烟的”。

inaccessible难达到的，难接近的；immature不成熟的； parched炎热的，干透的；stark荒凉的，光秃秃的。

选项D与之意思相近。

8.
单选题
His father read the newspaper at the kitchen table, all the while delivering （）on the politics of the day for the benefit of anyone within earshot.
问题1选项
plements
B.remarks
C.speech
D.animadversions
【答案】D
【解析】complement 补语，补足物；remark言辞；speech演讲，讲话；animadversion 批评，评语。

句意：他的父亲坐在餐桌旁看报纸，一直批判当今政治只对极少数人有利。

选项D更符合语境。

9.
单选题
Every Sunday evening there is a （）of people around the pavilion in the park since it has become a regular site for an English corner.
问题1选项
A.congruence
B.congratulation
C.congress
D.congregation
【答案】D 【解析】congruence 适合，一致；congratulation祝贺，贺辞；congress 代表大会；congregation 集会，集合。

句意：自从这里成为英语角的固定场所后，每个星期天的晚上都会有很多人聚集在公园的亭子周围。

选项D符合句意。

10.
翻译题
Learning disabilities are very common. They affect perhaps 10 percent of all children. Four times as many boys as girls have learning disabilities.
Since about 1970, new research has helped brain scientists understand these problems better. （1）Scientists now know there are many different kinds of learning disabilities and that they are caused by different things. There is no longer any question that all learning disabilities result from differences in the way the brain is organized.
（2） You cannot look at a child and tell if he or she has a learning disability. There is no outward sign of the disorder. So some researchers began looking at the brain itself to learn what might be wrong.
In one study, researchers examined the brain of a learning-disabled person, who had died in an accident. （3）They found two unusual things. One involved cells in the left side of the brain, which control language. These cells are normally white. In the learning-disabled person, however, these cells were gray. The researchers also found that many of the nerve cells were not in a line the way they should have been. The nerve cells were mixed together. The study was carried out under the guidance of Norman Geschwind, an early expert on learning disabilities. （4）Dr. Geschwind proposed that learning disabilities resulted mainly from problems in the left side of the brain. He believed this side of the brain failed to develop normally. Probably, he said, nerve cells there did not connect as they should. So the brain was like an electrical device in which the wires were not crossed.
（5）Other researchers did not examine brain tissue. Instead, they measured the brain's electrical activity and made a map of the electrical signals. Frank Duffy experimented with this technique at Children's Hospital Medical Center in Boston. Dr Duffy found large difference in the brain activity of normal children and those with reading problems. The differences appeared throughout the brain. He said his research is evidence that reading disabilities involve damage to a wide area of the brain, not just the left side.
【答案】（1）现在科学家们知道学习障碍有很多不同的种类，且还知道它们是由不同的事物引起的。

（2）你不能仅凭看一眼孩子就能判断他或她是否有学习障碍。

这种机能失调没有外在的标志。

因此，一些研究人员开始观察大脑本身来了解什么地方可能出了问题。

（3）他们发现了两种不同寻常的情况。

一个与控制语言的大脑左半部的细胞有关。

这些细胞在正常情况下是白色的。

然而，有学习障碍的人这些细胞却是灰色的。

（4）Geschwind博士提出学习障碍主要是由大脑左半部分出现的问题引起的。

他认为大脑的这一部分未能正常地发育。

（5）其他研究人员没有检查脑组织。

作为替代，他们测量了大脑的电活动，并就这些电信号绘制了一张图。

11.
单选题
I think that I committed a （）in asking her because she seemed very upset by my question.
问题1选项
A.blunder
B.revenge
C.reproach
D.scandal
【答案】A
【解析】blunder 大错，愚蠢的错误；revenge报复，复仇；reproach责备，耻辱；scandal丑闻，流言蜚语。

句意：我认为我在问她的时候犯了一个大错，因为她似乎被我的问题弄得很心烦。

选项A符合语境。

12.
单选题
Why does a vegetarian restaurant make its dishes resemble meat in every way except （）? 问题1选项A.ingredients
ponents
C.elements
pounds
【答案】A
【解析】ingredient成分，配料，原料；component组件，元件；element元素，要素；compound化合物；混合物。

句意：为什么素食餐厅的菜除了配料外，其他各个方面都像肉？选项A符合语境。

13.
单选题
Mary is fine girl even though she's sometimes abrupt in manner.
问题1选项
A.devious
B.brusque
C.shrew
D.irritable
【答案】B
【解析】句意：玛丽是个好女孩，虽然她有时举止粗鲁。

abrupt意为“生硬的，唐突的，粗鲁的。

Devious 偏僻的，弯曲的；brusque唐突的，直率的，无礼的；shrew泼妇，悍妇；irritable急躁的，易怒的。

选项B与之意思最为相近。

14.
单选题
“Better late than never” is a （）that is very familiar to most English speakers.
问题1选项
A.plaudit
B.plenary
C.plenty
D.platitude
【答案】D
【解析】plaudit 喝彩，赞美；plenary全体会议；plenty大量，充足；platitude 陈词滥调。

句意：“迟做总比不做好”是大多数说英语的人都很熟悉的陈词滥调。

选项D符合句意。

15.
单选题
John's evenings out are usually followed by a quick dash back to his own flat to finish his reading for the following day's tutorial.
问题1选项
A.lecture
B.report
C.quiz
D.discussion
【答案】A
【解析】根据句意可知，tutorial指辅导课，辅导材料。

lecture 演讲，讲稿，教训；report 报告，成绩单；quiz恶作剧，随堂测验；discussion 讨论。

选项A最符合原文语境，所以正确。