循环系统英文版

Chen, Shaoqiong
Acknowledgement : most of the slices are refer to the ppt provided by Dr. Biling Liang is gratefully
acknowledged
Basic X -ray features
Pericardial abnormal findings
abnormities
diseases
Changes of pericardium Normal pericardium
normal abnormities
diseases
Changes of pericardium
normal abnormities
diseases
cardiac tamponade occurs
Basic X -ray features Changes of pericardium Pericardial anomalies methods normal abnormities
diseases
Pericardial effusion X-ray appearance ：“water-bottle”or “flask”shape, globular
methods normal abnormities diseases Tuberculosis rheumatism uraemia
virus neoplasm
Fluid:
Transudation
exudation
blood
Pericardial effusion
Pericardial effusion on both lateral
chest radiograph and axial CT.
Red arrow points to fat outside of
pericardium. Green arrow points
to pericardial space which is 8 mm
in this patient (<4 mm is
normal.)The yellow
arrow points to fat outside of heart
and the blue arrow to the
myocardium.
Pericardial effusion
Pericardial effusion methods normal abnormities diseases
Pericardial effusion normal abnormities
diseases
Pericardial effusion
erect position
supine position normal abnormities
diseases
Pericardial thickening 、calcification thickening ：
Hemodynamic change:
normal abnormities
diseases
Constrictive pericarditis X-ray ：
Pericardial calcification ：
normal abnormities
diseases
Constrictive
pericarditis normal abnormities
diseases
Pericardial calcification
Constrictive pericarditis
-RA enlargement
Constrictive pericarditis
-RA enlargement
-RA enlargement
Diagnostic Radiology of Cardiovascular System Imaging methods normal appearances abnormities diseases methods normal abnormities
diseases
Common disease
of heart and great vessels
Rheumatic heart disease
method normal abnormities diseases
Rheumatic heart disease
Involved valve ：
Mitral valve 、valve
Pathology ：
stenosis Mitral valve insufficiency
methods normal abnormities diseases
Mitral Stenosis Rheumatic Valvular Heart Disease ●Rheumatic heart disease causes mitral stenosis in 99.8% of cases
Right
Ventricular Hypertrophy
Stenotic mitral valve
©Frank Netter, MD Novartis®
•Mitral stenosis occurs •Left atrial pressure ↑•Left atrium enlarges •Cephalization •PIE
•PAH develops •PVR increases •RV enlarges
•Pulmonic regurg develops •Tricuspid annulus dilates •Tricuspid insufficiency •RV failure
Time course of MS in adult
©Frank Netter, MD Novartis®
Effect of Mitral Stenosis
On Lungs
●↑Pulmonary venous and capillary pressure
Normal5-10 mm Hg
Cephalization10-15 mm
Kerley B Lines15-20 Pulmonary Interstitial Edema20-25
Pulmonary Alveolar Edema> 25
Mitral stenosis
hemodynamics
Mitral valve stenosis
Left atrial output obstructed
LV engorge insufficiently LA pressure increase & dilate
Pulmonary venous hypertension, interstitial pulmonary edema RV burden increase & enlarge
aortic knob shrink
LV and aortic knob shrink
methods
normal abnormities diseases
Mitral stenosis
X-ray appearance ：
Cardiac type ：“mitral LA & RV enlarged
-------pulmonary artery segment Convexity LV shrink, Straightening of left heart border -------Aortic knob shrink
valvular calcification
Pulmonary venous hypertension, interstitial pulmonary edema
normal abnormities diseases
LA enlargement
PA –right border ：Double density of left atrial
enlargement ,double PA –left border ：left atrial appendage
enlargement
Lat & RAO ：esophagus compressed Elevation of left mainstem bronchus
RV enlargement
pulmonary artery segment Convexity
Lat ：contact between the front surface of heart
and the sternum (anterior chest wall) >1/3
Mitral
stenosis
normal abnormities diseases
LA enlargement
PA –right border ：double density
PA –left border ：left atrial appendage enlargement Lat & RAO ：esophagus compressed
Mitral
stenosis
LA
LV
Mitral
stenosis
Mitral
stenosis
Mitral stenosis
LA,RV enlarge, Hemosiderin normal
abnormities
diseases RV enlargement
pulmonary artery segment Convexity
Lat ：contact between the front surface of heart and the sternum
(anterior chest wall) >1/3
Mitral
stenosis
normal
abnormities
diseases
Mitral
stenosis
normal abnormities diseases
LA enlargement
PA –right border ：
double density
PA –left border ：left
atrial appendage
enlargement
Lat & RAO ：esophagus
compressed
Mitral stenosis normal abnormities diseases
PV hypertension
enlarged MPA Cephalization
Mitral stenosis ---Hemosiderin
deposited methods normal abnormities
diseases
Mitral stenosis —pulmonary interstitial edema --Kerley ’s B -
line methods normal abnormities
diseases
Common disease of heart and great vessels Ischemic heart disease
method normal abnormities
diseases
Coronary artery CTA
Normal Coronary artery CTA
前降支和旋支前降支和对角支前降支和旋支心底部冠脉供血
正常冠状动脉
Ischemic heart disease normal abnormities
diseases
LV enlargement
PA –cardiac apex extending to left and down
left ventricle segment extended,rounded,expand
to left
Lat ：retrocardiac space become narrowed or
disappeared, esophageal space disappeaered Aorta enlarged
Ischemic heart disease normal abnormities
diseases
methods normal abnormities
diseases
Coronary artery CTA
Coronary artery calcification & soft plaque。