常用英语易错动词

英语易错动词

***spend/ take / cost/ pay for

①spend的主语通常是“人”，即“某人在…花多少时间或金钱。”

Sb. spend…(in) doing sth.

Sb. spend…on sth.

1) The boy spends a lot of money.(in) playing computer games.（那个男孩花了很多钱玩电子游戏。）

2) She spent lots of money on books last year.（去年她花费很多钱在书本上。）

②pay for的主语也是“人”，即“某人为…支付多少钱。”

Sb. pay (some money) for sth.

I paid two hundred yuan for the watch. （我花了200块钱买这块手表。）

= I spent two hundred yuan on the watch.

= I spent two hundred yuan buying the watch.

= The watch cost me two hundred yuan.

③cost的主语通常是事物cost-cost-cost ①某物值多少钱②某物花了某人多少钱

Sth. cost sb. some money

1) The watch cost me two hundred yuan.（这块手表花了我200块钱。）

2) Writing a novel cost plenty of time.（写本小说要花很多时间。）

3) The girl's bad behavior cost her parents many sleepless nights.

（那个女孩的不良行为使得她的父母许多夜晚睡不着。）

注意：cost的过去式，过去分词都是cost。

②take前常以it作形式主语，作“做某事需要花多少时间。”

It takes sb. some time to do sth.

1) How long does it take you to finish the work?（你需要多少时间才能完成那工作？）

2) It took me an hour to repair my bike.（我花了一个小时修理自行车。）

3) It takes a lot of courage to tell the truth.（说真话需要很大的勇气。）

*** speak/ say/ tell/ talk

①speak说某种语言，说某人好、坏话，是及物动词；发表讲话，对某人说话，是不及物动词。

1) The students speak English very fluently.（这些学生英语说得非常流利。）

2) The Prime Minister spoke on the international situation.（首相就国际形势发表了演说。）

3) She always speaks ill of others.（她总是说别人的坏话。）

②speak的习惯用语：

Generally speaking 一般而言Frankly speaking 坦白地说

Strictly speaking 严格地说not to speak of 且不说；更不用说

1) Generally speaking, man is stronger than woman.（一般而言，男人比女人强壮。）

2) We can speak English, not to speak of Chinese.（我们会读英语，汉语更不用说了。）

④say说出某句话或某件事；后接从句，（但say与从句之间不能直接接人称代词或名词）；说明时间；书信、布告报纸上的“说”，习惯用法

1) She said ,“I love you.”（她说：“我爱你。”）

2) Say goodbye to them.（跟他们说再见。）

3) She says she is busy.（她说她很忙。）

4) My watch says 10:00 sharp.（我的表是十点整。）

5) The paper says that there was a big fire in Shanghai.（报上说上海发生了一场大火）。

6) It is said that she has been away for a month.（据说她已走了一个月了）

7) It goes without saying that education is important.（不用说，教育是重要的。）

8) Tom is a good student, that is to say, he gets good grades in school.

（Tom是个好学生，也就是说，他在学校的成绩很好。）

③①tell说谎；讲故事；说实话

1) Don't tell a lie.（不要说谎。）

2) She likes to tell stories.（她喜欢讲故事。）

3) We should always tell the truth.（我们应该永远说实话。）

②tell辨别；叫某人做某事；接“间接”与“直接”宾语；tell＋宾语＋that从句

1) Sometimes we can't tell right from wrong.（有时我们无法辨别是非。）

2) He told me he would go there.（他告诉我他要去那儿。）

④talk连续地说话；习惯用法:talk with/ to/ about

1) What are the girls talking about ?（那些女孩们讲什么？）

2) Young people like to talk about politics.（年青人喜欢谈论政治。）

3) I talked over the matter with her.（我与她谈论了那个问题。）

*** join/join in/take part in/attend

1)join vt. 加入（团体，组织，参军, 同……一起干或玩, 连接

例：①I joined the Party in 1975.（我1975年入党。）

②His brother joined the army two years ago.（两年前他哥哥参军。）

③They are planning to join the two towns by a railway.

（他们在计划用一条铁路把两个镇连接起来。）

2)join in 参加（某些活动）

例：①May I join in your discussion?（我可以参加你们的讨论吗？）

②Many people join in the game every year.（每年许多人参加这个游戏活动。）

③He joined in the work without a second thought.（他未加思索地参加了那项工作。

3)take part in 参加（群众性活动，会议等）参加者持积极态度，起一份作用。

例：①A lot of students took part in the thorough cleaning yesterday.

（昨天许多学生参加大扫除。）

②A lot of college students took part in the movement last year.