英语词汇学教程期末总结

英语词汇学教程期末总结

1、 what is lexicology?

Lexicology is the study of the vocabulary or lexicon of a given language. It deals

not only with simple words, but also with complex and compound words.

2、 morphology is the study of the forms of words and their components. In

morphology, morpheme is a basic concept. Morphemes are considered as the

smallest meaningful units which may constitute words or parts of words.

Semantics is often defined as the study of meaning. Semantics is usually

approached from one of two perspectives: philosophical or linguistic. Etymology

is the study of the whole history of words. First…second…third P2

3、 lexicography is closely related to the words in a given language. It involves the

writing and compilation of dictionaries, especially dealing with the principles that

underlie the process of compiling and editing dictionaries.

4、 Major features of words: 背

1). a word is a sound or combination of sounds which we make voluntarily with

our vocal equipment.

2). a word is symbolic and is used to stand for something else.

3). the word is an uninterruptible unit.

4). a word has to do with its social function.

5). a word may consist of one or more morphemes.

6). Words are part of the large communication system we call language.

7). A word occurs typically in the structure of phrases.

5、 Lexical words: are nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. Grammatical words are

words like pronouns, prepositions, demonstrative, determiners, conjunctions,

auxiliary verbs, and so on.

6、 The morphemes are the ultimate grammatical constituents, the smallest

meaningful units of language.

One morpheme: boy, desire, say

Two morphemes: boy+ish, desire+able

Three morphemes: boy+ish+ness, desire+able+ity

Four morphemes: gentle+men+li+ness, un+desire+able+ity

7、 Phonemes, which are the smallest working units of sound per se, build up into

morphemes, a morpheme is composed of one or more phonemes.

8、 Lexical item as a unit of lexical meaning, which exists regardless of any

inflectional endings it may have or the number of words it may contain. Lexeme is

considered an abstract linguistic unit with different variants. 9、Types of morphemes:

1). Bound morphemes and free morphemes

2). Derivational and inflectional morphemes

10、seven types of meaning: 背

conceptual meaning,

connotative meaning,

social meaning,

affective meaning,

reflected meaning,

collocative meaning,

thematic meaning.

11、conceptual meaning, which is sometimes called denotative or cognitive meaning, refers to meanings as presented in a dictionary.

connotative meaning is the communicative value of an expression by virtue of 12、

what it refers to , over and above its purely conceptual content. Connotations vary from age or age, from society to society, and from individual to individual within the same speech community.